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Sato S, Derkarabetian S, Valdez-Mondragón A, Pérez-González A, Benavides LR, Daniels SR, Giribet G. Under the hood: Phylogenomics of hooded tick spiders (Arachnida, Ricinulei) uncovers discordance between morphology and molecules. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 193:108026. [PMID: 38341007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Ricinulei or hooded tick-spiders are a cryptic and ancient group of arachnids. The order consists of around 100 highly endemic extant species restricted to the Afrotropics and the Neotropics along with 22 fossil species. Their antiquity and low vagility make them an excellent group with which to interrogate biogeographic questions. To date, only four molecular analyses have been conducted on the group and they failed to resolve the relationships of the main lineages and even recovering the non-monophyly of the three genera. These studies were limited to a few Sanger loci or phylogenomic analyses with at most seven ingroup samples. To increase phylogenetic resolution in this little-understood and poorly studied group, we present the most comprehensive phylogenomic study of Ricinulei to date leveraging the Arachnida ultra-conserved element probe set. With a data set of 473 loci across 96 ingroup samples, analyses resolved a monophyletic Neotropical clade consisting of four main lineages. Two of them correspond to the current genera Cryptocellus and Pseudocellus while topology testing revealed one lineage to likely be a phylogenetic reconstruction artefact. The fourth lineage, restricted to Northwestern, Andean South America, is consistent with the Cryptocellus magnus group, likely corresponding to the historical genus Heteroricinoides. Since we did not sample the type species for this old genus, we do not formally re-erect Heteroricinoides but our data suggest the need for a thorough morphological re-examination of Neotropical Ricinulei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoyo Sato
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Shahan Derkarabetian
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro Valdez-Mondragón
- Collection of Arachnology (CARCIB), Programa Académico de Planeación Ambiental y Conservación (PLAYCO), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), S.C., La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Abel Pérez-González
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ligia R Benavides
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Savel R Daniels
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Gonzalo Giribet
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Benavides LR, Daniels SR, Giribet G. Understanding the real magnitude of the arachnid order Ricinulei through deep Sanger sequencing across its distribution range and phylogenomics, with the formalization of the first species from the Lesser Antilles. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ligia R. Benavides
- Museum of Comparative Zoology Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
| | - Savel R. Daniels
- Department of Botany and Zoology Stellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
| | - Gonzalo Giribet
- Museum of Comparative Zoology Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
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Botero-Trujillo R, Carvalho LS, Florez D. E, Prendini L. Four New Species of “Hooded Tick-Spiders” (Ricinulei, Ricinoididae) from South and Central America, with Clarification of the Identity of Cryptocellus leleupi Cooreman, 1976. AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1206/3976.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Prendini
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History
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