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Is social desirability bias important for effective ethics research? A review of literature. ASIAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13520-021-00128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Galin S, Heruti I, Barak N, Gotkine M. Hope and self-efficacy are associated with better satisfaction with life in people with ALS. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2018; 19:611-618. [PMID: 29848125 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2018.1476546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The psychological phenotype in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is less negative than in other neurodegenerative diseases, manifested by a lower prevalence of psychopathology, such as anxiety and major depression, and a higher perceived quality of life by patients, irrespective of physical impairment. We hypothesized that positive psychological factors such as hope, optimism, and self-efficacy in people with ALS (PALS) were key determinants of satisfaction with life (SWL), despite physical impairment, and were protective against psychopathology. Forty PALS, at different functional levels, completed objective questionnaires to evaluate psychological factors of hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and SWL. Approximately 41% of the variance in SWL was accounted for by the Agency factor of hope. The results indicated that SWL was significantly correlated to specific positive psychological factors of hope and self-efficacy. Physical impairment was not correlated with positive psychological factors or SWL. These results support the role of hope and self-efficacy in maintaining satisfaction with life in PALS and consideration of these potentially modifiable factors could improve palliative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shir Galin
- a Department of Medical Psychology graduate studies, School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv - Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Meir Medical Center , Kfar Saba , Israel
| | - Irit Heruti
- a Department of Medical Psychology graduate studies, School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv - Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv , Israel.,c Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital , Petah Tikva , Israel , and
| | - Noa Barak
- a Department of Medical Psychology graduate studies, School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv - Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Marc Gotkine
- d Neuromuscular/EMG service and ALS/Motor Neuron Disease Clinic , Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
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Helmers BR, Harbke CR, Herbstrith JC. Sexual willingness with same- and other-sex prospective partners: Experimental evidence from the bar scene. The Journal of Social Psychology 2017; 158:109-124. [PMID: 28375807 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2017.1314248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sex is ubiquitous in the media, but only a fraction depicts sexual interactions between same-sex partners. This field study, conducted outside of bars in the Midwestern United States, examined 83 heterosexuals' sexual willingness with a same- or other-sex partner. Participants viewed a randomly assigned video vignette of a same- or other-sex partner. Alcohol intake, partner attractiveness, and sexual willingness were measured. Using moderated regression analysis, we found that alcohol intake predicted sexual willingness with the male target for both men and women, but not with the female target. The attractiveness of same-sex partners was related to sexual willingness. Sexual willingness was only influenced by alcohol intake and perceived attractiveness of a same-sex prospective partner. Most notably, alcohol intake was related to increased sexual willingness of men with a same-sex partner, suggesting a potential shift in normative casual sexual behavior among heterosexual men.
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Theory, measurement, and controversy in positive psychology, health psychology, and cancer: basics and next steps. Ann Behav Med 2010; 39:43-7. [PMID: 20393819 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-010-9171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this commentary are two-fold: First, to amplify some of the points that Aspinwall, Tedeschi, Coyne, Tennen, and Ranchor have raised, noting the importance of a return to basics. Second, to posit next steps in theory development and methods at the intersection of health psychology, positive psychology, and cancer. Additional theory development, more applications of large prospective studies, and instrument refinements are warranted to understand the effects of positive constructs on health outcomes and adaptation to cancer. This area of research would be strengthened by studies that incorporate survival, health-related quality of life, and well-being outcome measures, using cancer registries and/or multiple raters. More observational studies are necessary. Attention to social justice questions is suggested in future studies at the intersection of these fields.
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Lukowitsky MR, Pincus AL, Hill LL, Loos DK. Enduring Dispositions as Points of Contact for the Social–Clinical Interface: Publication Trends From 1965 to 2004. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2008.27.4.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Buunk AP, Zurriaga R, Gonzalez P, Terol C, Roig SL. Targets and dimensions of social comparison among people with spinal cord injury and other health problems. Br J Health Psychol 2007; 11:677-93. [PMID: 17032491 DOI: 10.1348/135910705x81000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The present research examined comparison targets and comparison dimensions among two Spanish samples of individuals facing serious illnesses and diseases. In Study 1, 90 older patients (mean age 66.36) with various age-related diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, indicated that they compared themselves most often with others with the same disease, next with others with another disease and least with people without health problems. They compared themselves more often on their mental state, symptoms and physical activities than on their social activities. Social comparison orientation (SCO) as an individual difference characteristic was associated with more frequent comparisons with particularly similar targets, and with more frequent comparisons of one's symptoms and physical activities. Neuroticism was correlated only with more comparisons of one's symptoms. Study 2 was conducted in a sample of 70 relatively young patients (mean age 43.97) with spinal cord injury (SCI). Overall, they compared themselves more often with others than the participants in Study 1, and they compared themselves to a similar extent with people with SCI as with people with another disease and with people without health problems. While they felt on average better off than people with other diseases and other people with SCI, people with SCI felt on average worse off than people without health problems. They compared themselves more often on physical activities than on any other dimension. Higher levels of stress and uncertainty were associated with more frequent comparisons with people without SCI, and with more frequent comparisons of one's mental state, one's symptoms and one's future perspectives. The discussion focuses on the theoretical relevance of the results for social comparison theory, and on the practical relevance of the findings for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham P Buunk
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Buunk AP, Zurriaga R, González P. Social comparison, coping and depression in people with spinal cord injury. Psychol Health 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/14768320500444117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ingram RE, Snyder CR. Blending the Good With the Bad: Integrating Positive Psychology and Cognitive Psychotherapy. J Cogn Psychother 2006. [DOI: 10.1891/jcop.20.2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The deficit model in clinical psychology is important, but has missed critical opportunities that have been brought to light by the emergence of positive psychology. By focusing on sources of strength and resilience, positive psychology can add new perspectives to ideas about dysfunctional behavior, and has important implications for the theory and practice of cognitive therapies. This special issue of the Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy reflects the growing recognition of the importance of positive psychology. The articles in this special issue present an array of topics that blend positive psychology with cognitive therapy in ways that are articulate and insightful. Taken together, these articles suggest that the yield of positive psychology and cognitive therapies may well exceed that of either alone.
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Snyder CR, Elliott TR. Twenty-first century graduate education in clinical psychology: a four level matrix model. J Clin Psychol 2006; 61:1033-54. [PMID: 15965948 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.20164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Clinical psychology is positioned to play key roles in mental and physical health issues of 21st century America. In this regard, however, the present Boulder model of educating clinical psychologists is not preparing our graduates to meet the diverse demands of either today's or tomorrow's marketplaces. Accordingly, we introduce a new, four level "matrix model" for the education of future clinical psychologists. The core focus of the proposed matrix model is on the weaknesses and strengths of people in their personalities and their environments. Moreover, this matrix model operates at the individual, interpersonal, institutional, and societal-community levels of analyses. The details and implications of this proposed educational curriculum are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Snyder
- Department of Psychology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.
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Shiloh S, Gerad L, Goldman B. Patients' information needs and decision-making processes: What can be learned from genetic counselees? Health Psychol 2006; 25:211-9. [PMID: 16569113 DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.25.2.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This field study investigated the information needs and decision-making strategies of 161 genetic counselees interviewed just prior to counseling. Patients were interested mostly in information about the outcomes and consequences of the alternative options at their disposal and about measures to defuse the risks. They wanted mainly information stated with certainty and were less interested in probability information. There was no difference in the search for information between the alternative eventually chosen and the one not chosen. There was a difference, however, among types of decisions and the interest in the various categories of information. These findings were interpreted within the theoretical model of decision making in natural risky situations (O. Huber, 1997). Practical implications for shared medical decision making are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshana Shiloh
- Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Alex Linley P, Joseph S, Harrington S, Wood AM. Positive psychology: Past, present, and (possible) future. JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760500372796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Roesch SC, Rowley AA, Vaughn AA. On the dimensionality of the stress-related growth scale: one, three, or seven factors? J Pers Assess 2004; 82:281-90. [PMID: 15151804 DOI: 10.1207/s15327752jpa8203_04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
We examined the factorial validity and dimensionality of the Stress-Related Growth Scale (SRGS; Park, Cohen, & Murch, 1996) using a large multiethnic sample (n = 1,070). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested that a multidimensional representation of the SRGS fit better than a unidimensional representation. Specifically, we cross-validated both a 3-factor model and a 7-factor model using confirmatory factor analysis and were shown to be invariant across gender and ethnic groups. The 3-factor model was represented by global dimensions of growth that included rational/mature thinking, affective/emotional growth, and religious/spiritual growth. We replicated the 7-factor model of Armeli, Gunthert, and Cohen (2001) and it represented more specific components of growth such as Self-Understanding and Treatment of Others. However, some factors of the 7-factor model had questionable internal consistency and were strongly intercorrelated, suggesting redundancy. The findings support the notion that the factor structure of both the original 1-factor and revised 7-factor models are unstable and that the 3-factor model developed in this research has more reliable psychometric properties and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Roesch
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, CA 92182-4611, USA.
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Shorey HS, Snyder CR, Rand KL, Hockemeyer JR. AUTHORS' RESPONSE: Somewhere Over the Rainbow: Hope Theory Weathers Its First Decade. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2002. [DOI: 10.1207/s15327965pli1304_03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Snyder CR. In Good Hands. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2002. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.21.2.113.22511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Buunk BP, Gibbons FX, Visser A. The relevance of social comparison processes for prevention and health care. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2002; 47:1-3. [PMID: 12023094 DOI: 10.1016/s0738-3991(02)00054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
Summary: Four studies are presented investigating the convergent validity, discriminant validity, and relationship with age of the Social Desirability Scale-17 (SDS-17). As to convergent validity, SDS-17 scores showed correlations between .52 and .85 with other measures of social desirability (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Lie Scale, Sets of Four Scale, Marlowe-Crowne Scale). Moreover, scores were highly sensitive to social-desirability-provoking instructions (job-application instruction). Finally, with respect to the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding, SDS-17 scores showed a unique correlation with impression management, but not with self-deception. As to discriminant validity, SDS-17 scores showed nonsignificant correlations with neuroticism, extraversion, psychoticism, and openness to experience, whereas there was some overlap with agreeableness and conscientiousness. With respect to relationship with age, the SDS-17 was administered in a sample stratified for age, with age ranging from 18 to 89 years. In all but the oldest age group, the SDS-17 showed substantial correlations with the Marlowe-Crowne Scale. The influence of age (cohort) on mean scores, however, was significantly smaller for the SDS-17 than for the Marlowe-Crowne Scale. In sum, results indicate that the SDS-17 is a reliable and valid measure of social desirability, suitable for adults of 18 to 80 years of age.
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Snyder C, Feldman DB, Taylor JD, Schroeder LL, Adams VH. The roles of hopeful thinking in preventing problems and enhancing strengths. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0962-1849(00)80003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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