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Mitra P, Kasliwala R, Iboki L, Madari S, Williams Z, Takahashi R, Taub ME. Mechanistic Static Model based Prediction of Transporter Substrate Drug-Drug Interactions Utilizing Atorvastatin and Rifampicin. Pharm Res 2023; 40:3025-3042. [PMID: 37821766 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An in vitro relative activity factor (RAF) technique combined with mechanistic static modeling was examined to predict drug-drug interaction (DDI) magnitude and analyze contributions of different clearance pathways in complex DDIs involving transporter substrates. Atorvastatin and rifampicin were used as a model substrate and inhibitor pair. METHODS In vitro studies were conducted with transfected HEK293 cells, hepatocytes and human liver microsomes. Prediction success was defined as predictions being within twofold of observations. RESULTS The RAF method successfully translated atorvastatin uptake from transfected cells to hepatocytes, demonstrating its ability to quantify transporter contributions to uptake. Successful translation of atorvastatin's in vivo intrinsic hepatic clearance (CLint,h,in vivo) from hepatocytes to liver was only achieved through consideration of albumin facilitated uptake or through application of empirical scaling factors to transporter-mediated clearances. Transporter protein expression differences between hepatocytes and liver did not affect CLint,h,in vivo predictions. By integrating cis and trans inhibition of OATP1B1/OATP1B3, atorvastatin-rifampicin (single dose) DDI magnitude could be accurately predicted (predictions within 0.77-1.0 fold of observations). Simulations indicated that concurrent inhibition of both OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 caused approximately 80% of atorvastatin exposure increases (AUCR) in the presence of rifampicin. Inhibiting biliary elimination, hepatic metabolism, OATP2B1, NTCP, and basolateral efflux are predicted to have minimal to no effect on AUCR. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the effective application of a RAF-based translation method combined with mechanistic static modeling for transporter substrate DDI predictions and subsequent mechanistic interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallabi Mitra
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Old Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT, 06877, USA.
| | - Rumanah Kasliwala
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Laeticia Iboki
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Shilpa Madari
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Zachary Williams
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Ryo Takahashi
- Pharmacokinetics and Non-Clinical Safety Department, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mitchell E Taub
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
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2
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Chan GH, Houle R, Zhang J, Katwaru R, Li Y, Chu X. Evaluation of the Selectivity of Several Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1B Biomarkers Using Relative Activity Factor Method. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1089-1104. [PMID: 37137718 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, some endogenous substrates of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B (OATP1B) have been identified and characterized as potential biomarkers to assess OATP1B-mediated clinical drug-drug interactions (DDIs). However, quantitative determination of their selectivity to OATP1B is still limited. In this study, we developed a relative activity factor (RAF) method to determine the relative contribution of hepatic uptake transporters OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and sodium-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) on hepatic uptake of several OATP1B biomarkers, including coproporphyrin I (CPI), coproporphyrin I CPIII, and sulfate conjugates of bile acids: glycochenodeoxycholic acid sulfate (GCDCA-S), glycodeoxycholic acid sulfate (GDCA-S), and taurochenodeoxycholic acid sulfate (TCDCA-S). RAF values for OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and NTCP were determined in cryopreserved human hepatocytes and transporter transfected cells using pitavastatin, cholecystokinin, resveratrol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, and taurocholic acid (TCA) as reference compounds, respectively. OATP1B1-specific pitavastatin uptake in hepatocytes was measured in the absence and presence of 1 µM estropipate, whereas NTCP-specific TCA uptake was measured in the presence of 10 µM rifampin. Our studies suggested that CPI was a more selective biomarker for OATP1B1 than CPIII, whereas GCDCA-S and TCDCA-S were more selective to OATP1B3. OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 equally contributed to hepatic uptake of GDCA-S. The mechanistic static model, incorporating the fraction transported of CPI/III estimated by RAF and in vivo elimination data, predicted several perpetrator interactions with CPI/III. Overall, RAF method combined with pharmacogenomic and DDI studies is a useful tool to determine the selectivity of transporter biomarkers and facilitate the selection of appropriate biomarkers for DDI evaluation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The authors developed a new relative activity factor (RAF) method to quantify the contribution of hepatic uptake transporters organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) on several OATP1B biomarkers and evaluated their predictive value on drug-drug interactions (DDI). These studies suggest that the RAF method is a useful tool to determine the selectivity of transporter biomarkers. This method combined with pharmacogenomic and DDI studies will mechanistically facilitate the selection of appropriate biomarkers for DDI prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Hoyee Chan
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Robert Houle
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Ravi Katwaru
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Yang Li
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
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3
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Orozco CC, Neuvonen M, Bi YA, Cerny MA, Mathialagan S, Tylaska L, Rago B, Costales C, King-Ahmad A, Niemi M, Rodrigues AD. Characterization of Bile Acid Sulfate Conjugates as Substrates of Human Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37134201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug interactions involving the inhibition of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) 1B1 and OATP1B3 are considered important. Therefore, we sought to study various sulfated bile acids (BA-S) as potential clinical OATP1B1/3 biomarkers. It was determined that BA-S [e.g., glycochenodeoxycholic acid 3-O-sulfate (GCDCA-S) and glycodeoxycholic acid 3-O-sulfate (GDCA-S)] are substrates of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and sodium-dependent taurocholic acid cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) transfected into human embryonic kidney 293 cells, with minimal uptake evident for other solute carriers (SLCs) like OATP2B1, organic anion transporter 2, and organic cation transporter 1. It was also shown that BA-S uptake by plated human hepatocytes (PHH) was inhibited (≥96%) by a pan-SLC inhibitor (rifamycin SV), and there was greater inhibition (≥77% versus ≤12%) with rifampicin (OATP1B1/3-selective inhibitor) than a hepatitis B virus myristoylated-preS1 peptide (NTCP-selective inhibitor). Estrone 3-sulfate was also used as an OATP1B1-selective inhibitor. In this instance, greater inhibition was observed with GDCA-S (76%) than GCDCA-S (52%). The study was expanded to encompass the measurement of GCDCA-S and GDCA-S in plasma of SLCO1B1 genotyped subjects. The geometric mean GDCA-S concentration was 2.6-fold (90% confidence interval 1.6, 4.3; P = 2.1 × 10-4) and 1.3-fold (1.1, 1.7; P = 0.001) higher in individuals homozygous and heterozygous for the SLCO1B1 c.521T > C loss-of-function allele, respectively. For GCDCA-S, no significant difference was noted [1.2-fold (0.8, 1.7; P = 0.384) and 0.9-fold (0.8, 1.1; P = 0.190), respectively]. This supported the in vitro data indicating that GDCA-S is a more OATP1B1-selective substrate (versus GCDCA-S). It is concluded that GCDCA-S and GDCA-S are viable plasma-based OATP1B1/3 biomarkers, but they are both less OATP1B1-selective when compared to their corresponding 3-O-glucuronides (GCDCA-3G and GDCA-3G). Additional studies are needed to determine their utility versus more established biomarkers, such as coproporphyrin I, for assessing inhibitors with different OATP1B1 (versus OATP1B3) inhibition signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C Orozco
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mikko Neuvonen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Yi-An Bi
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Matthew A Cerny
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sumathy Mathialagan
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Laurie Tylaska
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Brian Rago
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Chester Costales
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Amanda King-Ahmad
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mikko Niemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki FI-00029, Finland
| | - A David Rodrigues
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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4
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The next frontier in ADME science: Predicting transporter-based drug disposition, tissue concentrations and drug-drug interactions in humans. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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5
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Weng Y, Fonseca KR, Bi YA, Mathialagan S, Riccardi K, Tseng E, Bessire AJ, Cerny MA, Tess DA, Rodrigues AD, Kalgutkar AS, Litchfield JE, Di L, Varma MVS. Transporter-Enzyme Interplay in the Pharmacokinetics of PF-06835919, A First-in-class Ketohexokinase Inhibitor for Metabolic Disorders and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:DMD-AR-2022-000953. [PMID: 35779864 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess dietary fructose consumption promotes metabolic dysfunction thereby increasing the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and related comorbidities. PF-06835919, a first-in-class ketohexokinase (KHK) inhibitor, showed reversal of such metabolic disorders in preclinical models and clinical studies, and is under clinical development for the potential treatment of NASH. In this study, we evaluated the transport and metabolic pathways of PF-06835919 disposition and assessed pharmacokinetics in preclinical models. PF-06835919 showed active uptake in cultured primary human hepatocytes, and substrate activity to organic anion transporter (OAT)2 and organic anion transporting-polypeptide (OATP)1B1 in transfected cells. "SLC-phenotyping" studies in human hepatocytes suggested contribution of passive uptake, OAT2- and OATP1B-mediated transport to the overall uptake to be about 15%, 60% and 25%, respectively. PF-06835919 showed low intrinsic metabolic clearance in vitro, and was found to be metabolized via both oxidative pathways (58%) and acyl glucuronidation (42%) by CYP3A, CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and UGT2B7. Following intravenous dosing, PF-06835919 showed low clearance (0.4-1.3 mL/min/kg) and volume of distribution (0.17-0.38 L/kg) in rat, dog and monkey. Human oral pharmacokinetics are predicted within 20% error when considering transporter-enzyme interplay in a PBPK model. Finally, unbound liver-to-plasma ratio (Kpuu) measured in vitro using rat, NHP and human hepatocytes was found to be approximately 4, 25 and 10, respectively. Similarly, liver Kpuu in rat and monkey following intravenous dosing of PF-06835919 was found to be 2.5 and 15, respectively, and notably higher than the muscle and brain Kpuu, consistent with the active uptake mechanisms observed in vitro. Significance Statement This work characterizes the transport/metabolic pathways in the hepatic disposition of PF-06835919, a first-in-class KHK inhibitor for the treatment of metabolic disorders and NASH. Phenotyping studies using transfected systems, human hepatocytes and liver microsomes signifies the role of OAT2 and OATP1B1 in the hepatic uptake and multiple enzymes in the metabolism of PF-06835919. Data presented suggest hepatic transporter-enzyme interplay in determining its systemic concentrations and potential enrichment in liver, a target site for KHK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Weng
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., United States
| | | | | | - Sumathy Mathialagan
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, United States
| | | | - Elaine Tseng
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Amit S Kalgutkar
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, United States
| | | | - Li Di
- Pharmacokintics Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., United States
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6
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Chu X, Chan GH, Houle R, Lin M, Yabut J, Fandozzi C. In Vitro Assessment of Transporter Mediated Perpetrator DDIs for Several Hepatitis C Virus Direct-Acting Antiviral Drugs and Prediction of DDIs with Statins Using Static Models. AAPS J 2022; 24:45. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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7
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Ochi M, Kinoshita K, Yamaguchi JI, Endo H. Bottom-up physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling for predicting the human pharmacokinetic profiles of the ester prodrug MGS0274 and its active metabolite MGS0008, a metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor agonist. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:119-128. [PMID: 35296225 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2053894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. For ester prodrugs that are used to improve the gastrointestinal absorption of highly hydrophilic, pharmacologically active substances, it is challenging to predict the human pharmacokinetics (PK) of the prodrugs and their parent compounds using only preclinical data.2. This research was aimed at constructing a PBPK model for predicting the human PK of the ester prodrug MGS0274 and its parent compound MGS0008 after a single oral administration of MGS0274 besylate.3. First, we identified carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) as the major enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of MGS0274. Second, we constructed a new compartment model to estimate the passive diffusion clearance (CLpd) of MGS0008, a critical parameter for predicting the PK of highly hydrophilic compounds, based on in vivo monkey PK data. Finally, we constructed a permeability-limited liver PBPK model incorporating the CLpd assumed to be the same in humans.4. We confirmed that our method reliably predicted the human PK and that the estimated CLpd was comparable to that calculated retrospectively using the PBPK model, suggesting that the methodology for estimating the CLpd was valid.5. Our proposed methodology is expected to be helpful for human PK prediction of ester prodrugs hydrolyzed by CES1 and their hydrophilic parent compounds even during the preclinical phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Ochi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Drug Safety and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Research Headquarters, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Kohnosuke Kinoshita
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Drug Safety and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Research Headquarters, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Yamaguchi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Drug Safety and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Research Headquarters, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiromi Endo
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Drug Safety and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Research Headquarters, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
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8
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Eng H, Bi YA, West MA, Ryu S, Yamaguchi E, Kosa RE, Tess DA, Griffith DA, Litchfield J, Kalgutkar AS, Varma MVS. Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 1B1/1B3-Mediated Hepatic Uptake Determines the Pharmacokinetics of Large Lipophilic Acids: In Vitro-In Vivo Evaluation in Cynomolgus Monkey. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 377:169-180. [PMID: 33509903 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally presumed that uptake transport mechanisms are of limited significance in hepatic clearance for lipophilic or high passive-permeability drugs. In this study, we evaluated the mechanistic role of the hepato-selective organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) 1B1/1B3 in the pharmacokinetics of compounds representing large lipophilic acid space. Intravenous pharmacokinetics of 16 compounds with molecular mass ∼400-730 Da, logP ∼3.5-8, and acid pKa <6 were obtained in cynomolgus monkey after dosing without and with a single-dose rifampicin-OATP1B1/1B3 probe inhibitor. Rifampicin (30 mg/kg oral) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced monkey clearance and/or steady-state volume of distribution (VDss) for 15 of 16 acids evaluated. Additionally, clearance of danoprevir was reduced by about 35%, although statistical significance was not reached. A significant linear relationship was noted between the clearance ratio (i.e., ratio of control to treatment groups) and VDss ratio, suggesting hepatic uptake contributes to the systemic clearance and distribution simultaneously. In vitro transport studies using primary monkey and human hepatocytes showed uptake inhibition by rifampicin (100 µM) for compounds with logP ≤6.5 but not for the very lipophilic acids (logP > 6.5), which generally showed high nonspecific binding in hepatocyte incubations. In vitro uptake clearance and fraction transported by OATP1B1/1B3 (ft,OATP1B) were found to be similar in monkey and human hepatocytes. Finally, for compounds with logP ≤6.5, good agreement was noted between in vitro ft,OATP1B and clearance ratio (as well as VDss ratio) in cynomolgus monkey. In conclusion, this study provides mechanistic evidence for the pivotal role of OATP1B-mediated hepatic uptake in the pharmacokinetics across a wide, large lipophilic acid space. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study provides mechanistic insight into the pharmacokinetics of a broad range of large lipophilic acids. Organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1B1/1B3-mediated hepatic uptake is of key importance in the pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions of almost all drugs and new molecular entities in this space. Diligent in vitro and in vivo transport characterization is needed to avoid the false negatives often noted because of general limitations in the in vitro assays while handling compounds with such physicochemical attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Eng
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yi-An Bi
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mark A West
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sangwoo Ryu
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Emi Yamaguchi
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel E Kosa
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David A Tess
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David A Griffith
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - John Litchfield
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Amit S Kalgutkar
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Manthena V S Varma
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Bi YA, Ryu S, Tess DA, Rodrigues AD, Varma MVS. Effect of Human Plasma on Hepatic Uptake of Organic Anion–Transporting Polypeptide 1B Substrates: Studies Using Transfected Cells and Primary Human Hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 49:72-83. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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10
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Yoshikado T, Lee W, Toshimoto K, Morita K, Kiriake A, Chu X, Lee N, Kimoto E, Varma MVS, Kikuchi R, Scialis RJ, Shen H, Ishiguro N, Lotz R, Li AP, Maeda K, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y. Evaluation of Hepatic Uptake of OATP1B Substrates by Short Term-Cultured Plated Human Hepatocytes: Comparison With Isolated Suspended Hepatocytes. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:376-387. [PMID: 33122051 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic uptake clearance has been measured in suspended human hepatocytes (SHH). Plated human hepatocytes (PHH) after short-term culturing are increasingly employed to study hepatic transport driven mainly by its higher throughput. To know pros/cons of both systems, the hepatic uptake clearances of several organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B substrates were compared between PHH and SHH by determining the initial uptake velocities or through dynamic model-based analyses. For cerivastatin, pitavastatin and rosuvastatin, initial uptake clearances (PSinf) obtained using PHH were comparable to those using SHH, while cell-to-medium concentration (C/M) ratios were 2.7- to 5.4-fold higher. For pravastatin and dehydropravastatin, hydrophilic compounds with low uptake/cellular binding, their PSinf and C/M ratio in PHH were 1.8- to 3.2-fold lower than those in SHH. These hydrophilic substrates are more prone to wash-off during the uptake study using PHH, which may explain the apparently lower uptake than SHH. The C/M ratios obtained using PHH were stable over an extended time, making PHH suitable to estimate the C/M ratios and hepatocyte-to-medium unbound concentration ratios (Kp,uu). In conclusion, PHH is useful in evaluating hepatic uptake/efflux clearances and Kp,uu of OATP1B substrates in a high-throughput manner, however, a caution is warranted for hydrophilic drugs with low uptake/cellular binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshikado
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kota Toshimoto
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoe Morita
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Aya Kiriake
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Nora Lee
- Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea
| | - Emi Kimoto
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Manthena V S Varma
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Hong Shen
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Pharmacokinetics and Non-Clinical Safety Department, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ralf Lotz
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co., KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Albert P Li
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc, Columbia, MA, USA
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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11
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Lee W, Koyama S, Morita K, Kiriake A, Kikuchi R, Chu X, Lee N, Scialis RJ, Shen H, Kimoto E, Tremaine L, Ishiguro N, Lotz R, Maeda K, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y. Cell-to-Medium Concentration Ratio Overshoot in the Uptake of Statins by Human Hepatocytes in Suspension, but Not in Monolayer: Kinetic Analysis Suggesting a Partial Loss of Functional OATP1Bs. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:133. [PMID: 33063163 PMCID: PMC7561564 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Suspended human hepatocytes (SHH) have long been used in assessing hepatic drug uptake, while plated human hepatocytes in short-term monolayer culture (PHH) have gained use in recent years. This study aimed to cross-evaluate SHH and PHH in measuring the hepatic uptake mediated by organic anion transporting polypeptide 1Bs (OATP1Bs). We compared the time courses of cell-to-medium (C/M) concentration ratios and initial uptake clearance values of the OATP1B substrates (pitavastatin, rosuvastatin, cerivastatin, pravastatin, dehydropravastatin, and SC-62807) between SHH and PHH. For all compounds except cerivastatin, the C/M ratios in SHH displayed an apparent overshoot (an initial increase followed by a decrease) during the 180-min uptake experiment, but not in PHH. Based on the literature evidence suggesting the possible internalization of OATP1Bs in primary hepatocytes, separate experiments measured the drug uptake after varying lengths of pre-incubation in the drug-free medium. The initial uptake clearances of pitavastatin and rosuvastatin declined in SHH beyond an apparent threshold time of 20-min drug-free pre-incubation, but not in PHH. Kinetic modeling quantitatively captured the decline in the active uptake clearance in SHH, and more than half of the active uptake clearances of pitavastatin and rosuvastatin were prone to loss during the 180-min uptake experiment. These results suggested a partial, time-delayed loss of the functional OATP1Bs in SHH upon prolonged incubation. Our results indicate that PHH is more appropriate for experiments where a prolonged incubation is required, such as estimation of unbound hepatocyte-to-medium concentration ratio (Kp,uu) at the steady-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Satoshi Koyama
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoe Morita
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Aya Kiriake
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Xiaoyan Chu
- Merck & Co., Inc, North Wales, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nora Lee
- Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Hong Shen
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Emi Kimoto
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Larry Tremaine
- Tremaine DMPK Consulting LLC, Merritt Island, Florida, USA
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Pharmacokinetics and Non-Clinical Safety Department, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ralf Lotz
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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12
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Alluri RV, Li R, Varma MVS. Transporter–enzyme interplay and the hepatic drug clearance: what have we learned so far? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:387-401. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1749595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra V. Alluri
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rui Li
- Modeling and Simulations, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Manthena V. S. Varma
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
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13
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Nozaki Y, Izumi S. Recent advances in preclinical in vitro approaches towards quantitative prediction of hepatic clearance and drug-drug interactions involving organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B transporters. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 35:56-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Nicotinic acid transport into human liver involves organic anion transporter 2 (SLC22A7). Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 174:113829. [PMID: 32001236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acid (NA) and nicotinamide (NAM) are biosynthetic precursors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) - a physiologically important coenzyme that maintains the redox state of cells. Mechanisms driving their entry into cells are not well understood. Here we evaluated the hepatic uptake mechanism(s) of NA and NAM using transporter-transfected cell systems and primary human hepatocytes. NA showed robust organic anion transporter (OAT)2-mediated transport with an uptake ratio (i.e., ratio of accumulation in transfect cells to wild-type cells) of 9.7 ± 0.3, and a Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of 13.5 ± 3.3 µM. However, no transport was apparent via other major hepatic uptake and renal secretory transporters, including OAT1/3/4, organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1/1B3/2B1, sodium-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide, organ cation transporter 1/2/3. OAT2-specific transport of NA was inhibited by ketoprofen and indomethacin (known OAT2 inhibitors) in a concentration-dependent manner. Similarly, NA uptake into primary human hepatocytes showed pH- and concentration-dependence and was subject to inhibition by specific OAT2 inhibitors. Unlike NA, NAM was not transported by the hepatic and renal solute carriers upon assessment in transfected cells, although its uptake into human hepatocytes was significantly inhibited by excess unlabelled NAM and a pan-SLC inhibitor (rifamycin SV 1 mM). In conclusion, these studies demonstrate, for the first time, a specific transport mechanism for NA uptake in the human liver and suggest that OAT2 (SLC22A7) has a critical role in its physiological and pharmacological functions.
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15
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Kikuchi R, Chiou WJ, Kasai MA, de Morais SM, Bow DA. No Inhibition of MATE1/2K-Mediated Renal Creatinine Secretion Predicted With Ritonavir or Cobicistat. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3118-3123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Evaluation of Drug Biliary Excretion Using Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 44:13-30. [PMID: 30167999 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-018-0502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of hepatobiliary transport of drugs is an important challenge, notably during the development of new molecular identities. In this context, sandwich-cultured human hepatocytes (SCHH) have been proposed as an interesting and integrated tool for predicting in vitro biliary excretion of drugs. The present review was therefore designed to summarize key findings about SCHH, including their establishment, their main functional features and their use for the determination of canalicular transport and the prediction of in vivo biliary clearance and hepatobiliary excretion-related drug-drug interactions. Reviewed data highlight the fact that SCHH represent an original and probably unique holistic in vitro approach to predict biliary clearance in humans, through taking into account sinusoidal drug uptake, passive drug diffusion, drug metabolism and sinusoidal and canalicular drug efflux. Limits and proposed refinements for SCHH-based analysis of drug biliary excretion, as well as putative human alternative in vitro models to SCHH are also discussed.
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17
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Li R. Estimating In Vivo Fractional Contribution of OATP1B1 to Human Hepatic Active Uptake by Mechanistically Modeling Pharmacogenetic Data. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:69. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Zhang Y, Panfen E, Fancher M, Sinz M, Marathe P, Shen H. Dissecting the Contribution of OATP1B1 to Hepatic Uptake of Statins Using the OATP1B1 Selective Inhibitor Estropipate. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2342-2353. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Zhang
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Erika Panfen
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Marcus Fancher
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Michael Sinz
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Punit Marathe
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
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19
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Bi YA, Costales C, Mathialagan S, West M, Eatemadpour S, Lazzaro S, Tylaska L, Scialis R, Zhang H, Umland J, Kimoto E, Tess DA, Feng B, Tremaine LM, Varma MVS, Rodrigues AD. Quantitative Contribution of Six Major Transporters to the Hepatic Uptake of Drugs: "SLC-Phenotyping" Using Primary Human Hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:72-83. [PMID: 30975793 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic uptake transporters [solute carriers (SLCs)], including organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, sodium-dependent taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), and organic anion (OAT2) and organic cation (OCT1) transporters, play a key role in determining the systemic and liver exposure of chemically diverse drugs. Here, we established a phenotyping approach to quantify the contribution of the six SLCs, and passive diffusion, to the overall uptake using plated human hepatocytes (PHHs). First, selective inhibitor conditions were identified by screening about 20 inhibitors across the six SLCs using single-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Data implied rifamycin SV (20 µM) inhibits three OATPs, while rifampicin (5 µM) inhibits OATP1B1/1B3 only. Further, hepatitis B virus myristoylated-preS1 peptide (0.1 µM), quinidine (100 µM), and ketoprofen (100-300 µM) are relatively selective against NTCP, OCT1, and OAT2, respectively. Second, using these inhibitory conditions, the fraction transported (ft ) by the individual SLCs was characterized for 20 substrates with PHH. Generally, extended clearance classification system class 1A/3A (e.g., warfarin) and 1B/3B compounds (e.g., statins) showed predominant OAT2 and OATP1B1/1B3 contribution, respectively. OCT1-mediated uptake was prominent for class 2/4 compounds (e.g., metformin). Third, in vitro ft values were corrected using quantitative proteomics data to obtain "scaled ft " Fourth, in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of the scaled OATP1B1/1B3 ft was assessed, leveraging statin clinical drug-drug interaction data with rifampicin as the perpetrator. Finally, we outlined a novel stepwise strategy to implement phenotypic characterization of SLC-mediated hepatic uptake for new molecular entities and drugs in a drug discovery and development setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-An Bi
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Chester Costales
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Sumathy Mathialagan
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Mark West
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Soraya Eatemadpour
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Sarah Lazzaro
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Laurie Tylaska
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Renato Scialis
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Hui Zhang
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - John Umland
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Emi Kimoto
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - David A Tess
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Bo Feng
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Larry M Tremaine
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Manthena V S Varma
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - A David Rodrigues
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut
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20
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Beaumont
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tristan S. Maurer
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li Di
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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21
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Chothe PP, Wu SP, Ye Z, Hariparsad N. Assessment of Transporter-Mediated and Passive Hepatic Uptake Clearance Using Rifamycin-SV as a Pan-Inhibitor of Active Uptake. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4677-4688. [PMID: 29996058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of in vitro data for the quantitative prediction of transporter-mediated clearance is critical. Central to this evaluation is the use of hepatocytes, since they contain the full complement of transporters and metabolic enzymes. In general, uptake clearance (CLuptake) is evaluated by measuring the appearance of compound in the cell. Passive clearance (CLpd) is often determined by conducting parallel studies at 4 °C or by attempting to saturate uptake pathways. Both approaches have their limitations. Recent studies have proposed the use of Rifamycin-SV (RFV) as a pan-inhibitor of hepatic uptake pathways. In our studies, we confirm that transport activity of all major hepatic uptake transporters is inhibited significantly by RFV at 1 mM (OATP1B1, 1B3, and 2B1 = NTCP (80%), OCT1 (65%), OAT2 (60%)). Under these incubation conditions, we found that the free intracellular concentration of RFV is ∼175 μM and that several major CYPs and UGTs can be reversibly inhibited. Using this approach, we also determined CLuptake and CLpd of nine known OATP substrates across three different lots of human hepatocytes. The scaling factors generated for these compounds at 37 °C with RFV and 4 °C were found to be similar. The CLpd of passively permeable compounds like metoprolol and semagacestat were found to be higher at 37 °C compared to 4 °C, indicating a temperature effect on these compounds. In addition, our data also suggests that incorporation of medium concentrations into CLuptake and CLpd calculations may be critical for highly protein bound and highly lipophilic drugs. Overall, our data indicate that RFV, instead of 4 °C, can be reliably used to measure CLuptake and CLpd of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh P Chothe
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated , Boston , Massachusetts 02210 , United States
| | - Shu-Pei Wu
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated , Boston , Massachusetts 02210 , United States
| | - Zhengqi Ye
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated , Boston , Massachusetts 02210 , United States
| | - Niresh Hariparsad
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated , Boston , Massachusetts 02210 , United States
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22
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Kimoto E, Mathialagan S, Tylaska L, Niosi M, Lin J, Carlo AA, Tess DA, Varma MVS. Organic Anion Transporter 2–Mediated Hepatic Uptake Contributes to the Clearance of High-Permeability–Low-Molecular-Weight Acid and Zwitterion Drugs: Evaluation Using 25 Drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 367:322-334. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.252049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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23
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Kosa RE, Lazzaro S, Bi YA, Tierney B, Gates D, Modi S, Costales C, Rodrigues AD, Tremaine LM, Varma MV. Simultaneous Assessment of Transporter-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions Using a Probe Drug Cocktail in Cynomolgus Monkey. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1179-1189. [PMID: 29880631 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.081794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to establish an in vivo preclinical model to enable simultaneous assessment of inhibition potential of an investigational drug on clinically relevant drug transporters, organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and organic anion transporter (OAT)3. Pharmacokinetics of substrate cocktail consisting of pitavastatin (OATP1B substrate), rosuvastatin (OATP1B/BCRP/OAT3), sulfasalazine (BCRP), and talinolol (P-gp) were obtained in cynomolgus monkey-alone or in combination with transporter inhibitors. Single-dose rifampicin (30 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.01) increased the plasma exposure of all four drugs, with a marked effect on pitavastatin and rosuvastatin [area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio ∼21-39]. Elacridar, BCRP/P-gp inhibitor, increased the AUC of sulfasalazine, talinolol, as well as rosuvastatin and pitavastatin. An OAT1/3 inhibitor (probenecid) significantly (P < 0.05) impacted the renal clearance of rosuvastatin (∼8-fold). In vitro, rifampicin (10 µM) inhibited uptake of pitavastatin, rosuvastatin, and sulfasalazine by monkey and human primary hepatocytes. Transport studies using membrane vesicles suggested that all probe substrates, except talinolol, are transported by cynoBCRP, whereas talinolol is a cynoP-gp substrate. Elacridar and rifampicin inhibited both cynoBCRP and cynoP-gp in vitro, indicating potential for in vivo intestinal efflux inhibition. In conclusion, a probe substrate cocktail was validated to simultaneously evaluate perpetrator impact on multiple clinically relevant transporters using the cynomolgus monkey. The results support the use of the cynomolgus monkey as a model that could enable drug-drug interaction risk assessment, before advancing a new molecular entity into clinical development, as well as providing mechanistic insights on transporter-mediated interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Kosa
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Sarah Lazzaro
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Yi-An Bi
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Brendan Tierney
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Dana Gates
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Sweta Modi
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Chester Costales
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - A David Rodrigues
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Larry M Tremaine
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Manthena V Varma
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design (R.E.K., S.L., Y.-a.B., B.T., C.C., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (D.G., S.M.), Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
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24
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Izumi S, Nozaki Y, Kusuhara H, Hotta K, Mochizuki T, Komori T, Maeda K, Sugiyama Y. Relative Activity Factor (RAF)-Based Scaling of Uptake Clearance Mediated by Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 in Human Hepatocytes. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2277-2288. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saki Izumi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Tsukuba, Tsukuba Research
Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Yoshitane Nozaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Tsukuba, Tsukuba Research
Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-003, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hotta
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Tsukuba, Tsukuba Research
Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mochizuki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Tsukuba, Tsukuba Research
Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Takafumi Komori
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Tsukuba, Tsukuba Research
Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-003, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, 1-6 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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De Bruyn T, Ufuk A, Cantrill C, Kosa RE, Bi YA, Niosi M, Modi S, Rodrigues AD, Tremaine LM, Varma MVS, Galetin A, Houston JB. Predicting Human Clearance of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide Substrates Using Cynomolgus Monkey: In Vitro–In Vivo Scaling of Hepatic Uptake Clearance. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:989-1000. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.081315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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26
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Ufuk A, Kosa RE, Gao H, Bi YA, Modi S, Gates D, Rodrigues AD, Tremaine LM, Varma MVS, Houston JB, Galetin A. In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation of OATP1B-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Cynomolgus Monkey. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:688-699. [PMID: 29643253 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.247767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP) 1B1 and 1B3 are clinically relevant transporters associated with significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and safety concerns. Given that OATP1Bs in cynomolgus monkey share >90% degree of gene and amino acid sequence homology with human orthologs, we evaluated the in vitro-in vivo translation of OATP1B-mediated DDI risk using this preclinical model. In vitro studies using plated cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes showed active uptake Km values of 2.0 and 3.9 µM for OATP1B probe substrates, pitavastatin and rosuvastatin, respectively. Rifampicin inhibited pitavastatin and rosuvastatin active uptake in monkey hepatocytes with IC50 values of 3.0 and 0.54 µM, respectively, following preincubation with the inhibitor. Intravenous pharmacokinetics of 2H4-pitavastatin and 2H6-rosuvastatin (0.2 mg/kg) and the oral pharmacokinetics of cold probes (2 mg/kg) were studied in cynomolgus monkeys (n = 4) without or with coadministration of single oral ascending doses of rifampicin (1, 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg). A rifampicin dose-dependent reduction in i.v. clearance of statins was observed. Additionally, oral pitavastatin and rosuvastatin plasma exposure increased up to 19- and 15-fold at the highest dose of rifampicin, respectively. Use of in vitro IC50 obtained following 1 hour preincubation with rifampicin (0.54 µM) predicted correctly the change in mean i.v. clearance and oral exposure of statins as a function of mean unbound maximum plasma concentration of rifampicin. This study demonstrates quantitative translation of in vitro OATP1B IC50 to predict DDIs using cynomolgus monkey as a preclinical model and provides further confidence in application of in vitro hepatocyte data for the prediction of clinical OATP1B-mediated DDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Ufuk
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Rachel E Kosa
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Hongying Gao
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Yi-An Bi
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Sweta Modi
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Dana Gates
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - A David Rodrigues
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Larry M Tremaine
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Manthena V S Varma
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - J Brian Houston
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
| | - Aleksandra Galetin
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.U., J.B.H., A.G.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism (R.E.K., H.G., Y.-A.B., A.D.R., L.M.T., M.V.S.V.) and Research Formulations, Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.M., D.G.), Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut
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El-Kattan AF, Varma MVS. Navigating Transporter Sciences in Pharmacokinetics Characterization Using the Extended Clearance Classification System. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:729-739. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.080044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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28
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Kratochwil NA, Triyatni M, Mueller MB, Klammers F, Leonard B, Turley D, Schmaler J, Ekiciler A, Molitor B, Walter I, Gonsard PA, Tournillac CA, Durrwell A, Marschmann M, Jones R, Ullah M, Boess F, Ottaviani G, Jin Y, Parrott NJ, Fowler S. Simultaneous Assessment of Clearance, Metabolism, Induction, and Drug-Drug Interaction Potential Using a Long-Term In Vitro Liver Model for a Novel Hepatitis B Virus Inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:237-248. [PMID: 29453199 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term in vitro liver models are now widely explored for human hepatic metabolic clearance prediction, enzyme phenotyping, cross-species metabolism, comparison of low clearance drugs, and induction studies. Here, we present studies using a long-term liver model, which show how metabolism and active transport, drug-drug interactions, and enzyme induction in healthy and diseased states, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, may be assessed in a single test system to enable effective data integration for physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. The approach is exemplified in the case of (3S)-4-[[(4R)-4-(2-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl-1,4-dihydropyrimidin-6-yl]methyl]morpholine-3-carboxylic acid RO6889678, a novel inhibitor of HBV with a complex absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profile. RO6889678 showed an intracellular enrichment of 78-fold in hepatocytes, with an apparent intrinsic clearance of 5.2 µl/min per mg protein and uptake and biliary clearances of 2.6 and 1.6 µl/min per mg protein, respectively. When apparent intrinsic clearance was incorporated into a PBPK model, the simulated oral human profiles were in good agreement with observed data at low doses but were underestimated at high doses due to unexpected overproportional increases in exposure with dose. In addition, the induction potential of RO6889678 on cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes and transporters at steady state was assessed and cotreatment with ritonavir revealed a complex drug-drug interaction with concurrent P450 inhibition and moderate UDP-glucuronosyltransferase induction. Furthermore, we report on the first evaluation of in vitro pharmacokinetics studies using HBV-infected HepatoPac cocultures. Thus, long-term liver models have great potential as translational research tools exploring pharmacokinetics of novel drugs in vitro in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Kratochwil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Miriam Triyatni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Martina B Mueller
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Florian Klammers
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Brian Leonard
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Dan Turley
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Josephine Schmaler
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Aynur Ekiciler
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Birgit Molitor
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Isabelle Walter
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Pierre-Alexis Gonsard
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Charles A Tournillac
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Alexandre Durrwell
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Michaela Marschmann
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Russell Jones
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Mohammed Ullah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Franziska Boess
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Giorgio Ottaviani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Yuyan Jin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Neil J Parrott
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
| | - Stephen Fowler
- Pharmaceutical Sciences (N.A.K., M.B.M., F.K., A.E., B.M., I.W., P.-A.G., C.A.T., A.D., M.M., R.J., M.U., F.B., N.J.P., S.F.) and Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Areas (M.T., B.L., D.T., J.S.), Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Roche R&D Center (China) Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai, China (G.O., Y.Y.)
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Bi YA, Lin J, Mathialagan S, Tylaska L, Callegari E, Rodrigues AD, Varma MVS. Role of Hepatic Organic Anion Transporter 2 in the Pharmacokinetics of R- and S-Warfarin: In Vitro Studies and Mechanistic Evaluation. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1284-1295. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-an Bi
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, MS 8220-2451, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jian Lin
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, MS 8220-2451, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sumathy Mathialagan
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, MS 8220-2451, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Laurie Tylaska
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, MS 8220-2451, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ernesto Callegari
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, MS 8220-2451, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - A. David Rodrigues
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, MS 8220-2451, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Manthena V. S. Varma
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, MS 8220-2451, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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30
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Li AP, Ho MCD, Amaral K, Loretz C. A Novel In Vitro Experimental System for the Evaluation of Drug Metabolism: Cofactor-Supplemented Permeabilized Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes (MetMax Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes). Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1608-1616. [PMID: 29363498 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here a novel experimental system, cryopreserved MetMax human hepatocytes (MMHHs), for in vitro drug metabolism studies. MMHHs consist of cofactor-supplemented permeabilized cryopreserved human hepatocytes. The use procedures for MMHHs are significantly simplified from that for conventional cryopreserved human hepatocytes (CCHHs): 1) storage at -80°C instead of in liquid nitrogen and 2) usage directly after thawing without centrifugation and microscopic evaluation of cell density and viability and cell density adjustment. In this study, we compared MMHHs and CCHHs in CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP2J2, monoamine oxidase A, aldehyde oxidase, flavin-containing monooxygenase, UDP-glucuronyl transferase, SULT, N-acetyltransferase 1, and acetaminophen glutathione (GSH) conjugation activities based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantification of substrate metabolism. MMHHs were prepared from CCHHs consisting of hepatocytes pooled from 10 individual donors. The drug metabolizing enzyme activities of both CCHHs and MMHHs were cell concentration and time dependent, with specific activities of MMHHs ranging from 27.2% (carboxylesterase 2) to 234.2% (acetaminophen GSH conjugation) of that for CCHHs. As observed in CCHHs, sequential oxidation and conjugation was observed in MMHHs for coumarin, 7-ethoxycoumarin, and acetaminophen. 7-Hydroxycoumarin conjugation results showed that metabolic pathways in MMHHs could be selected via the choice of cofactors, with glucuronidation but not sulfation observed in the presence of UDP-glucuronic acid and not 3-phosphoadenosine-5-phosphosulfate, and vice versa. Results with noncytotoxic and cytotoxic concentrations of acetaminophen showed that drug metabolism was compromised in CCHHs but not in MMHHs. Our results suggest that the MMHHs system represents a convenient and robust in vitro experimental system for the evaluation of drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert P Li
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Columbia, Maryland (A.P.L., C.L.) and In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Malden, Massachusetts (M.-C.D.H., K.A.)
| | - Ming-Chih David Ho
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Columbia, Maryland (A.P.L., C.L.) and In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Malden, Massachusetts (M.-C.D.H., K.A.)
| | - Kirsten Amaral
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Columbia, Maryland (A.P.L., C.L.) and In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Malden, Massachusetts (M.-C.D.H., K.A.)
| | - Carol Loretz
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Columbia, Maryland (A.P.L., C.L.) and In Vitro ADMET Laboratories Inc., Malden, Massachusetts (M.-C.D.H., K.A.)
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Li R, Kimoto E, Niosi M, Tess DA, Lin J, Tremaine LM, Di L. A Study on Pharmacokinetics of Bosentan with Systems Modeling, Part 2: Prospectively Predicting Systemic and Liver Exposure in Healthy Subjects. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:357-366. [PMID: 29330219 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.078808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting human pharmacokinetics of novel compounds is a critical step in drug discovery and clinical study design but continues to be a challenging task for hepatic transporter substrates, particularly in predicting their liver exposures. In this study, using bosentan as an example, we prospectively predicted systemic exposure and the (pseudo) steady-state unbound liver-to-unbound plasma ratio (Kpuu) in healthy subjects using 1) a mechanistic approach solely based on in vitro hepatocyte assays and 2) an approach based on hepatic process rates from monkey in vivo data but Michaelis-Menten constants from in vitro data. Both methods reasonably match the observed human systemic time course data, but the second method leads to better prediction accuracy. In addition, the second method can predict a human Kpuu value that is close to the value deduced using clinical data. We also generated rat and monkey liver Kpuu values in terminal studies. However, these directly measured animal values are different from the deduced human value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Systems Modeling and Simulation, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.L.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut (E.K., M.N., D.A.T., J.L., L.M.T., L.D.)
| | - Emi Kimoto
- Systems Modeling and Simulation, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.L.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut (E.K., M.N., D.A.T., J.L., L.M.T., L.D.)
| | - Mark Niosi
- Systems Modeling and Simulation, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.L.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut (E.K., M.N., D.A.T., J.L., L.M.T., L.D.)
| | - David A Tess
- Systems Modeling and Simulation, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.L.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut (E.K., M.N., D.A.T., J.L., L.M.T., L.D.)
| | - Jian Lin
- Systems Modeling and Simulation, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.L.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut (E.K., M.N., D.A.T., J.L., L.M.T., L.D.)
| | - Larry M Tremaine
- Systems Modeling and Simulation, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.L.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut (E.K., M.N., D.A.T., J.L., L.M.T., L.D.)
| | - Li Di
- Systems Modeling and Simulation, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.L.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut (E.K., M.N., D.A.T., J.L., L.M.T., L.D.)
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Bi YA, Mathialagan S, Tylaska L, Fu M, Keefer J, Vildhede A, Costales C, Rodrigues AD, Varma MVS. Organic Anion Transporter 2 Mediates Hepatic Uptake of Tolbutamide, a CYP2C9 Probe Drug. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 364:390-398. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Assessing Herb–Drug Interactions of Herbal Products With Therapeutic Agents for Metabolic Diseases: Analytical and Regulatory Perspectives. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64179-3.00009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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34
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Development of a high-performance, enterprise-level, multimode LC–MS/MS autosampler for drug discovery. Bioanalysis 2017; 9:1643-1654. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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35
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Mathialagan S, Costales C, Tylaska L, Kimoto E, Vildhede A, Johnson J, Johnson N, Sarashina T, Hashizume K, Isringhausen CD, Vermeer LMM, Wolff AR, Rodrigues AD. In vitro studies with two human organic anion transporters: OAT2 and OAT7. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:1037-1049. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1384595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumathy Mathialagan
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
| | - Chester Costales
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
| | - Laurie Tylaska
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
| | - Emi Kimoto
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
| | - Anna Vildhede
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
| | - Jillian Johnson
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
| | - Nathaniel Johnson
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A. David Rodrigues
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA,
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Quantitative Analyses of the Influence of Parameters Governing Rate-Determining Process of Hepatic Elimination of Drugs on the Magnitudes of Drug-Drug Interactions via Hepatic OATPs and CYP3A Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2739-2750. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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