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Stolić Jovanović A, Tadić VM, Martinović M, Žugić A, Nešić I, Blagojević S, Jasnić N, Tosti T. Liposomal Encapsulation of Ascorbyl Palmitate: Influence on Skin Performance. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:962. [PMID: 39065659 PMCID: PMC11280113 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
L-ascorbic acid represents one of the most potent antioxidant, photoprotective, anti-aging, and anti-pigmentation cosmeceutical agents, with a good safety profile. However, the main challenge is the formulation of stable topical formulation products, which would optimize the penetrability of L-ascorbic acid through the skin. The aim of our research was to evaluate the performance of ascorbyl palmitate on the skin, incorporated in creams and emulgels (2%) as carriers, as well as to determine the impact of its incorporation into liposomes on the penetration profile of this ingredient. Tape stripping was used to study the penetration of ascorbyl palmitate into the stratum corneum. In addition, the sensory and textural properties of the formulations were determined. The liposomal formulations exhibited a better penetration profile (p < 0.05) of the active substance compared to the non-liposomal counterpart, leading to a 1.3-fold and 1.2 fold-increase in the total amount of penetrated ascorbyl palmitate in the stratum corneum for the emulgel and cream, respectively. Encapsulation of ascorbyl palmitate into liposomes led to an increase in the adhesiveness and density of the prepared cream and emulgel samples. The best spreadability and absorption during application were detected in liposomal samples. The obtained results confirmed that liposomal encapsulation of ascorbyl palmitate improved dermal penetration for both the cream and emulgel formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanja M. Tadić
- Department for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr. Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Koscuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.T.); (A.Ž.)
| | - Milica Martinović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Boulevard Dr. Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (M.M.); (I.N.)
| | - Ana Žugić
- Department for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr. Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Koscuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.T.); (A.Ž.)
| | - Ivana Nešić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Boulevard Dr. Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (M.M.); (I.N.)
| | - Stevan Blagojević
- The Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Beograd, Serbia;
| | - Nebojša Jasnić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11158 Beograd, Serbia;
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Park JS, Choi JH, Joung MY, Yang IG, Choi YS, Kang MJ, Ho MJ. Design of High-Payload Ascorbyl Palmitate Nanosuspensions for Enhanced Skin Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:171. [PMID: 38399233 PMCID: PMC10891688 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A high-payload ascorbyl palmitate (AP) nanosuspension (NS) was designed to improve skin delivery following topical application. The AP-loaded NS systems were prepared using the bead-milling technique, and softly thickened into NS-loaded gel (NS-G) using hydrophilic polymers. The optimized NS-G system consisted of up to 75 mg/mL of AP, 0.5% w/v of polyoxyl-40 hydrogenated castor oil (Kolliphor® RH40) as the suspending agent, and 1.0% w/v of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na.CMC 700 K) as the thickening agent, in citrate buffer (pH 4.5). The NS-G system was embodied as follows: long and flaky nanocrystals, 493.2 nm in size, -48.7 mV in zeta potential, and 2.3 cP of viscosity with a shear rate of 100 s-1. Both NS and NS-G provided rapid dissolution of the poorly water-soluble antioxidant, which was comparable to that of the microemulsion gel (ME-G) containing AP in solubilized form. In an ex vivo skin absorption study using the Franz diffusion cell mounted on porcine skin, NS-G exhibited faster absorption in skin, providing approximately 4, 3, and 1.4 times larger accumulation than that of ME-G at 3, 6, and 12 h, respectively. Therefore, the high-payload NS makes it a promising platform for skin delivery of the lipid derivative of ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Myung-Joo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.P.); (J.-H.C.); (M.-Y.J.); (I.-G.Y.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Myoung-Jin Ho
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.P.); (J.-H.C.); (M.-Y.J.); (I.-G.Y.); (Y.-S.C.)
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Baptista S, Baptista F, Freitas F. Development of Emulsions Containing L-Ascorbic Acid and α-Tocopherol Based on the Polysaccharide FucoPol: Stability Evaluation and Rheological and Texture Assessment. COSMETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics10020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The main function of vitamin C, as an antioxidant, is to combat free radicals and prevent premature aging, smoothing wrinkles and expression lines. In addition, it acts directly on depigmentation and prevention of blemishes on the skin. In this study, natural oils (30 wt.%) and α-tocopherol (2.5 wt.%) containing oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions stabilized with the bacterial fucose-rich polysaccharide FucoPol were formulated, adding L-ascorbic acid as an antioxidant. The optimized formulations were obtained with 8.0 wt.% L-ascorbic acid for the Olea europaea oil formulation (C1) with a ƞ value of 2.71 Pa.s (measured at shear rate of 2.3 s−1) and E24 = 96% and with 15 wt.% L-ascorbic acid for the Prunus amygdalus dulcis formulation (C2) with a ƞ value of 5.15 Pa.s (at a shear rate of 2.3 s−1) and E24 = 99%. The stability of the FucoPol-based formulations was investigated over 45 days at 4 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C. The results showed that all formulations maintained the organoleptic characteristics, with pH variations (5.7–6.8 for C1, and 5.5–6.03 for C2) within the regulations for cosmetic products (4 ≤ pH ≤ 7). The accelerated stability tests proved the formulations’ stability at 4 °C with EI = 95% for C1 and EI = 100% for C2. The rheological assessment demonstrated that the formulation presents a shear-thinning and liquid-like behavior. Regarding textural parameters, formulations C1 and C2 displayed an increase in firmness and consistency with similar spreadability during the shelf life. These findings further demonstrate FucoPol’s functional properties, acting as an emulsifier and stabilizer polysaccharide in cosmetic formulations containing L-ascorbic acid.
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Vitek M, Gosenca Matjaž M, Roškar R, Gašperlin M, Zvonar Pobirk A. A comparative study of lipid-based drug delivery systems with different microstructure for combined dermal administration of antioxidant vitamins. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2037437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Vitek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mirjam Gosenca Matjaž
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Roškar
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mirjana Gašperlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Zvonar Pobirk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Qin X, He L, Fan D, Liang W, Wang Q, Fang J. Targeting the resolution pathway of inflammation using Ac2-26 peptide-loaded PEGylated lipid nanoparticles for the remission of rheumatoid arthritis. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:483-493. [PMID: 34703497 PMCID: PMC8520054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and immune dysfunction. Although various therapeutic approaches have been utilized for the treatment of RA in clinical applications, the low responsiveness of RA patients and undesired systemic toxicity are still unresolved problems. Targeting the resolution pathway of inflammation with pro-resolving mediators would evoke the protective actions of patient for combating the inflammation. Ac2-26, a 25-amino acid peptide derived from Annexin A (a pro-resolving mediator), has shown good efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. However, the low bioavailability of Ac2-26 peptides hinders their efficacy in vivo. In this paper, we formed PEGylated lipid nanoparticles (LDNPs) by the co-assembly of l-ascorbyl palmitate (L-AP) and N-(carbonyl methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000)-1,2-distearoyl-sn‑glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE-PEG2k) to encapsulate and deliver Ac2-26 peptides to the arthritic rats. They showed good stability and biocompatibility. After being intravenously administrated, Ac2-26 peptide-loaded PEGylated lipid nanoparticles (ADNPs) showed the prolonged in vivo circulation time and enhanced accumulation in inflamed sites. In vivo therapeutic evaluations revealed that ADNPs could attenuate synovial inflammation and improve joint pathology. Therefore, the pro-resolving therapeutic strategy using ADNPs is effective in RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Liming He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Donghao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wenlang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jiyu Fang
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Florida 32816, United State
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Mohanan A, Nickerson MT, Ghosh S. Oxidative stability of flaxseed oil: Effect of hydrophilic, hydrophobic and intermediate polarity antioxidants. Food Chem 2018; 266:524-533. [PMID: 30381221 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative deterioration is a major issue limiting the utilization of flaxseed oil (FSO). Present study explored the effects of hydrophilic (tannic acid), hydrophobic (alpha-tocopherol), and intermediate polarity (ascorbyl palmitate) natural antioxidants, which displayed highest DPPH radical scavenging and iron chelating abilities among several others, on the oxidative stability of FSO. A synthetic antioxidant (TBHQ) was also used as a control. FSO oxidation was examined by peroxide and p-anisidine values during 30-day storage at 25, 40 and 60 °C, and by accelerated oxidation using a rancimat at 110 °C. On mass concentration basis, all natural antioxidants were less effective than TBHQ. Irrespective of the polarity, all natural antioxidants, except alpha tocopherol, delayed primary and secondary oxidation, and increased the oxidative stability index. The alpha-tocopherol displayed pro-oxidant effect at all concentrations. Rather than polarity, antioxidant capacities, and their ability to replace minor components from the oil-water interface were crucial for the protection of FSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira Mohanan
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N5A8, Canada
| | - Michael T Nickerson
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N5A8, Canada
| | - Supratim Ghosh
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N5A8, Canada.
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Ghosh S, Mukherjee B, Chaudhuri S, Roy T, Mukherjee A, Sengupta S. Methotrexate Aspasomes Against Rheumatoid Arthritis: Optimized Hydrogel Loaded Liposomal Formulation with In Vivo Evaluation in Wistar Rats. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1320-1336. [PMID: 29340978 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0939-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspasomes of methotrexate with antioxidant, ascorbyl palmitate, were developed and optimized using factorial design by varying parameters such as lipid molar ratio, drug to lipid molar ratio, and type of hydration buffer for transdermal delivery for disease modifying activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Aspasomes were characterized by drug-excipients interaction, particle size analysis, determination of zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and surface properties. The best formulation was loaded into hydrogel for evaluation of in vitro drug release and tested in vivo against adjuvant induced arthritis model in wistar rats, by assessing various physiological, biochemical, hematological, and histopathological parameters. Optimized aspasome formulation exhibited smooth surface with particle size 386.8 nm, high drug loading (19.41%), negative surface potential, and controlled drug release in vitro over 24 h with a steady permeation rate. Transdermal application of methotrexate-loaded aspasome hydrogel for 12 days reduced rat paw diameter (21.25%), SGOT (40.43%), SGPT (54.75%), TNFα (33.99%), IL β (34.79%), cartilage damage (84.41%), inflammation (82.37%), panus formation (84.38%), and bone resorption (80.52%) as compared to arthritic control rats. Free methotrexate-treated group showed intermediate effects. However, drug-free aspasome treatment did not show any effect. The experimental results indicate a positive outcome in development of drug-loaded therapeutically active carrier system which presents a non-invasive controlled release transdermal formulation with good drug loading, drug permeation rate, and having better disease modifications against RA than the free drug, thereby providing a more attractive therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid disease management.
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Maia Campos PM, Gianeti MD, Camargo FB, Gaspar LR. Application of tetra-isopalmitoyl ascorbic acid in cosmetic formulations: Stability studies and in vivo efficacy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:580-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gašperlin M, Gosenca M. Main approaches for delivering antioxidant vitamins through the skin to prevent skin ageing. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:905-19. [PMID: 21599565 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.581657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the major contributions to skin photoageing and diseases is oxidative stress, caused by UV radiation inducing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Successful prophylaxis and therapy would necessitate control of the oxidant/antioxidant balance at the affected site, which can be achieved through the external supply of endogenous antioxidants. AREAS COVERED This review discusses possible strategies for dermal delivery of the antioxidant vitamins E and C, as oral supplementation has proved insufficient. These antioxidants have low skin bioavailability, owing to their poor solubility, inefficient skin permeability, or instability during storage. These drawbacks can be overcome by various approaches, such as chemical modification of the vitamins and the use of new colloidal drug delivery systems. New knowledge is included about the importance of: enhancing the endogenous skin antioxidant defense through external supply; the balance between various skin antioxidants; factors that can improve the skin bioavailability of antioxidants; and new delivery systems, such as microemulsions, used to deliver vitamins C and E into the skin simultaneously. EXPERT OPINION A promising strategy for enhancing skin protection from oxidative stress is to support the endogenous antioxidant system, with antioxidants containing products that are normally present in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Gašperlin
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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