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Jain A, Hurkat P, Jain SK. Development of liposomes using formulation by design: Basics to recent advances. Chem Phys Lipids 2019; 224:104764. [PMID: 30951713 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In couple of decennia, optimization tactics for drug delivery systems have been explored widely employing Design of Experiments (DoE) for desired outcomes to overcome drawbacks of "One Factor at a Time (OFAT)"conventional technique.. To pace with advances in computational approaches engaged in research domain, QbD-based tactic i.e. Formulation by Design (FbD) is under extensive investigation by budding scientists for better know-how of the product and process development for an unequivocal universal acceptation. Like other vesicular drug carriers, liposomes also demand robustness and reproducibility to scale up at industrial outset. Based on said outlook, this review focuses on the fundamentals and methodologies like Central Composite, Simplex Mixture, Box-Behnken, Factorial, Taguchi, Simplex Centroid, d-optimal, Placket Burman, and Orthogonal array with special reference to applications of FbD in the development of liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Jain
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road, 281 406, Mathura, U.P., India.
| | - Pooja Hurkat
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari singh Gour University, 470003, Sagar, M.P., India
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari singh Gour University, 470003, Sagar, M.P., India.
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Mori Y, Higashi T, Motoyama K, Ishida M, Onodera R, Arima H. A comprehensive understanding of lowly-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol-based ternary solid dispersions with the use of a combined mixture-process design. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1599-1609. [PMID: 31271320 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1640720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported lowly hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (L-PVA, 70-74% hydrolyzed, about 580 polymerized, JR-05) as a promising matrix for hot-melt extrusion (HME) due to its unique micelle formation ability compared to the most commonly used PVA (87-89% hydrolyzed, about 580 polymerized). In the present study, we focused on the effect of composition [indomethacin (IND), L-PVA, sorbitol] and process parameters (temperature and screw speed) on each response, i.e. processing torque, and physicochemical properties such as residual crystallinity, residual ratio, and area under the dissolution curve (AUDC) in supersaturated solution using a HME by applying the design of experiment (DoE) approach. To overcome the poor processability of L-PVA, given its semicrystalline nature, we applied sorbitol as a plasticizer and systematically and simultaneously evaluated its influence on the outputs based on the mixture design combined with process factors. Few studies have focused on comprehensive evaluation of the composition and HME process conditions because obtaining a design space requires numerous experiments. We found that incorporating sorbitol into the L-PVA greatly improved the processing torque. However, sorbitol negatively influenced the degree of residual crystallinity and the AUDC of IND. Lastly, we established a laboratory-scale design space that could achieve high supersaturation and ensure adequate miscibility between each component, using an acceptable processing torque for HME, by applying the minimum amount of sorbitol. These fundamental results suggest that sorbitol maximizes the potency of L-PVA as a carrier in HME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Mori
- Product Development Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc. , Osaka , Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Taishi Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Keiichi Motoyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Makoto Ishida
- Product Development Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc. , Osaka , Japan
| | - Risako Onodera
- Program for Building Regional Innovation Ecosystems, Kumamoto University , Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Arima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools 'Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program', Kumamoto University , Japan
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Soni G, Yadav KS, Gupta MK. Design of Experiments (DoE) Approach to Optimize the Sustained Release Microparticles of Gefitinib. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:364-374. [DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666181227114109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Gefitinib (GEF), the kinase inhibitor, is presently available as tablets to be taken orally in high doses of 250-500 mg per day due to its poor solubility. The solubility issues affect not only its onset of action but also the bioavailability. These drawbacks foresight the need to have an alternate dosage form, preferably a sustained release formulation.
Methods:
In the present study, microparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation using PLGA 50:50 (GEF-PLGA MP). A 32 factorial design was used to optimize the critical quality parameters to the set mean particle size in the range of 7.4±2.5 µm and entrapment efficiency of 80%. SEM microscopy of the prepared microparticles confirmed to have a spherical smooth shape. The GEFPLGA- MPs sustained the release of GEF for 72 hours. The first-order kinetics ruled the mechanism of drug release and was predicted to follow Fickian diffusion.
Result:
Anticancer efficacy was judged by the cytotoxicity studies using the L132 lung cancer cells. MTT assay showed 3-fold enhanced cytotoxicity of GEF loaded microparticles against L132 cells as compared to plain GEF.
Conclusion:
It was concluded that gefitinib can be efficiently loaded into the biodegradable polymer PLGA to provide sustained release of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind Soni
- Oriental College of Pharmacy and Research, Oriental University, Indore-453555, MP, India
| | - Khushwant S. Yadav
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), V.L Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai – 400 056, India
| | - Mahesh K. Gupta
- Oriental College of Pharmacy and Research, Oriental University, Indore-453555, MP, India
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Alshetaili AS, Almutairy BK, Alshahrani SM, Ashour EA, Tiwari RV, Alshehri SM, Feng X, Alsulays BB, Majumdar S, Langley N, Kolter K, Gryczke A, Martin ST, Repka MA. Optimization of hot melt extrusion parameters for sphericity and hardness of polymeric face-cut pellets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 42:1833-41. [PMID: 27080252 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1178769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to formulate face-cut, melt-extruded pellets, and to optimize hot melt process parameters to obtain maximized sphericity and hardness by utilizing Soluplus(®) as a polymeric carrier and carbamazepine (CBZ) as a model drug. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to detect thermal stability of CBZ. The Box-Behnken design for response surface methodology was developed using three factors, processing temperature ( °C), feeding rate (%), and screw speed (rpm), which resulted in 17 experimental runs. The influence of these factors on pellet sphericity and mechanical characteristics was assessed and evaluated for each experimental run. Pellets with optimal sphericity and mechanical properties were chosen for further characterization. This included differential scanning calorimetry, drug release, hardness friability index (HFI), flowability, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index, and fourier transform infrared radiation (FTIR) spectroscopy. TGA data showed no drug degradation upon heating to 190 °C. Hot melt extrusion processing conditions were found to have a significant effect on the pellet shape and hardness profile. Pellets with maximum sphericity and hardness exhibited no crystalline peak after extrusion. The rate of drug release was affected mainly by pellet size, where smaller pellets released the drug faster. All optimized formulations were found to be of superior hardness and not friable. The flow properties of optimized pellets were excellent with high bulk and tapped density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S Alshetaili
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA ;,b Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , Alkharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Bjad K Almutairy
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Saad M Alshahrani
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , Alkharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A Ashour
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Roshan V Tiwari
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Sultan M Alshehri
- c Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Feng
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Bader B Alsulays
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , Alkharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Soumyajit Majumdar
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | | | - Karl Kolter
- e R&D Project, Management Excipients, BASF SE , Ludwigshafen , Germany
| | - Andreas Gryczke
- f Global Development and Technical Marketing, BASF SE , Ludwigshafen , Germany
| | | | - Michael A Repka
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA ;,h Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
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