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Li F, Ye X, Li M, Nie Q, Wang H, Zhang G, Dong L, Wang C, Wu L, Liu H, Wang L, Peng C, Zhang J. Enhanced ophthalmic bioavailability and stability of atropine sulfate via sustained release particles using polystyrene sulfonate resin. Int J Pharm 2024; 660:124294. [PMID: 38823467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Atropine sulfate (ATS) eye drops at low concentrations constitute a limited selection for myopia treatment, with challenges such as low ophthalmic bioavailability and inadequate stability. This study proposes a novel strategy by synthesizing ophthalmic sodium polystyrene sulfonate resin (SPSR) characterized by a spherical shape and uniform size for cationic exchange with ATS. The formulation of ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops incorporates xanthan gum and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as suspending agents. In vitro studies demonstrated that ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops exhibited sustained release characteristics, and tropic acid, its degradation product, remained undetected for 30 days at 40 °C. The ATS levels in the tear fluids and aqueous humor of New Zealand rabbits indicated a significant increase in mean residence time (MRT) and area under the drug concentration-time curve (AUC0-12h) for ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops compared to conventional ATS eye drops. Moreover, safety assessment confirmed the non-irritating nature of ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops in rabbit eyes. In conclusion, the cation-responsive sustained-release ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops enhanced the bioavailability and stability of ATS, offering a promising avenue for myopia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226133, China; Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China
| | - Xinyue Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226133, China; Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China
| | - Mingwei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226133, China; Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China
| | - Qin Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226133, China; Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China
| | - Liyun Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226133, China; Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China
| | - Caifen Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Li Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hongfei Liu
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China; Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China.
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226133, China.
| | - Can Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong 226133, China; Jiangsu Yunshi Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong 226133, China.
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Baker SJ, Cosenza SC, Athuluri-Divakar S, Reddy MVR, Vasquez-Del Carpio R, Jain R, Aggarwal AK, Reddy EP. A Contaminant Impurity, Not Rigosertib, Is a Tubulin Binding Agent. Mol Cell 2020; 79:180-190.e4. [PMID: 32619468 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rigosertib is a styryl benzyl sulfone that inhibits growth of tumor cells and acts as a RAS mimetic by binding to Ras binding domains of RAS effectors. A recent study attributed rigosertib's mechanism of action to microtubule binding. In that study, rigosertib was obtained from a commercial vendor. We compared the purity of clinical-grade and commercially sourced rigosertib and found that commercially sourced rigosertib contains approximately 5% ON01500, a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization. Clinical-grade rigosertib, which is free of this impurity, does not exhibit tubulin-binding activity. Cell lines expressing mutant β-tubulin have also been reported to be resistant to rigosertib. However, our study showed that these cells failed to proliferate in the presence of rigosertib at concentrations that are lethal to wild-type cells. Rigosertib induced a senescence-like phenotype in the small percentage of surviving cells, which could be incorrectly scored as resistant using short-term cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey J Baker
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stephen C Cosenza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Saikrishna Athuluri-Divakar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - M V Ramana Reddy
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rodrigo Vasquez-Del Carpio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rinku Jain
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1215, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aneel K Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1215, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - E Premkumar Reddy
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1215, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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