1
|
The Promising Role of Chitosan-Poloxamer 188 Nanocrystals in Improving Diosmin Dissolution and Therapeutic Efficacy against Ferrous Sulfate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122087. [PMID: 34959367 PMCID: PMC8709147 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diosmin (DSN) exhibits poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Although nanocrystals (NCs) are successful for improving drug solubility, they may undergo crystal growth. Therefore, DSN NCs were prepared, employing sonoprecipitation utilizing different stabilizers. The optimum stabilizer was combined with chitosan (CS) as an electrostatic stabilizer. NCs based on 0.15% w/v poloxamer 188 (PLX188) as a steric stabilizer and 0.04% w/v CS were selected because they showed the smallest diameter (368.93 ± 0.47 nm) and the highest ζ-potential (+40.43 ± 0.15 mV). Mannitol (1% w/v) hindered NC enlargement on lyophilization. FT-IR negated the chemical interaction of NC components. DSC and XRD were performed to verify the crystalline state. DSN dissolution enhancement was attributed to the nanometric rod-shaped NCs, the high surface area, and the improved wettability. CS insolubility and its diffusion layer may explain controlled DSN release from CS-PLX188 NCs. CS-PLX188 NCs were more stable than PLX188 NCs, suggesting the significance of the combined electrostatic and steric stabilization strategies. The superiority of CS-PLX188 NCs was indicated by the significantly regulated biomarkers, pathological alterations, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression of the hepatic tissue compared to DSN suspension and PLX188 NCs. Permeation, mucoadhesion, and cellular uptake enhancement by CS may explain this superiority.
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Hot-Melt Extruded Amorphous Solid Dispersion for Solubility, Stability, and Bioavailability Enhancement of Telmisartan. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010073. [PMID: 33477557 PMCID: PMC7831136 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Telmisartan (TEL, an antihypertensive drug) belongs to Class II of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) because of its poor aqueous solubility. In this study, we enhanced the solubility, bioavailability, and stability of TEL through the fabrication of TEL-loaded pH-modulated solid dispersion (TEL pHM-SD) using hot-melt extrusion (HME) technology. We prepared different TEL pHM-SD formulations by varying the ratio of the drug (TEL, 10-60% w/w), the hydrophilic polymer (Soluplus®, 30-90% w/w), and pH-modifier (sodium carbonate, 0-10% w/w). More so, the tablets prepared from an optimized formulation (F8) showed a strikingly improved in vitro dissolution profile (~30-fold) compared to the free drug tablets. The conversion of crystalline TEL to its amorphous state is observed through solid-state characterizations. During the stability study, F8 tablets had a better stability profile compared to the commercial product with F8, showing higher drug content, low moisture content, and negligible physical changes. Moreover, compared to the TEL powder, in vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed superior pharmacokinetic parameters, with maximum serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the drug concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞) of the TEL pHM-SD formulation increasing by 6.61- and 5.37-fold, respectively. Collectively, the results from the current study showed that the inclusion of a hydrophilic polymer, pH modulator, and the amorphization of crystalline drugs in solid dispersion prepared by HME can be an effective strategy to improve the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs without compromising the drug's physical stability.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu G, Chen X, He L, Li X, Zhou Z, Ren Z. Study on the solubilization of telmisartan by forming cocrystals with aromatic carboxylic acids. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00551k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The solubility of insoluble telmisartan could be greatly improved by forming cocrystals with aromatic carboxylic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojia Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjian Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lichao He
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangrong Li
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqi Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park SY, Jin CH, Goo YT, Chae BR, Yoon HY, Kim CH, Song SH, Han SB, Choi YW. Supersaturable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system enhances dissolution and bioavailability of telmisartan. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 26:60-68. [PMID: 33032496 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1834580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of telmisartan (TMS), a poorly water-soluble anti-hypertensive drug, a supersaturable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SuSMEDDS) was developed. Amorphous alkalinized TMS (AAT) was formulated into a SMEDDS, composed of Capmul® MCM (oil), Cremophor® RH40 (surfactant), and tetraglycol (co-surfactant). Although the SMEDDS was rapidly dissolved (>80% within 5 min) in a limited condition (500 mL, pH 6.8), drug precipitation was observed over time, resulting in a decrease in dissolution levels. The precipitation was due to drug recrystallization, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction analyses. Several polymers, including Soluplus® (SOL), were screened as precipitation inhibitors; ultimately, SuSMEDDS-SOL was prepared by admixing SOL and the SMEDDS at a 5:100 (w/w) ratio. SuSMEDDS-SOL was superior in terms of dissolution efficiency (>90% over 2 h) and dissolution-retaining time (no precipitation over 2 h). An in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats revealed that the oral bioavailability of SuSMEDDS-SOL was 4.8-, 1.3-, and 1.2-fold greater than those of the TMS suspension, AAT solution, and SMEDDS, respectively. Therefore, SuSMEDDS-SOL is a promising candidate to enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of TMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Tae Goo
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Industry, Graduate school, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yub Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Industry, Graduate school, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seh Hyon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Beom Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Industry, Graduate school, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shrimal P, Jadeja G, Patel S. Microfluidics nanoprecipitation of telmisartan nanoparticles: effect of process and formulation parameters. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01289-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
7
|
Kapourani A, Vardaka E, Katopodis K, Kachrimanis K, Barmpalexis P. Rivaroxaban polymeric amorphous solid dispersions: Moisture-induced thermodynamic phase behavior and intermolecular interactions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 145:98-112. [PMID: 31698042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the physical stability and intermolecular interactions of Rivaroxaban (RXB) amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) in polymeric carriers via thermodynamic modelling and molecular simulations. Specifically, the Flory-Huggins (FH) lattice solution theory was used to construct thermodynamic phase diagrams of RXB ASDs in four commonly used polymeric carriers (i.e. copovidone, coPVP, povidone, PVP, Soluplus, SOL and hypromellose acetate succinate, HPMCAS), which were stored under 0%, 60% and 75% relative humidity (RH) conditions. In order to verify the phase boundaries predicted by FH modelling (i.e. truly amorphous zone, amorphous-amorphous demixing zones and amorphous-API recrystallization zones), samples of ASDs were examined via polarized light microscopy after storage for up to six months at various RH conditions. Results showed a good agreement between the theoretical and the experimental approaches (i.e. coPVP and PVP resulted in less physically-stable ASDs compared to SOL and HPMCAS) indicating that the proposed FH-based modelling may be a useful tool in predicting long-term physical stability in high humidity conditions. In addition, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed in order to interpret the observed differences in physical stability. Results, which were verified via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), suggested the formation of similar intermolecular interactions in all cases, indicating that the interaction with moisture water plays a more crucial role in ASD physical stability compared to the formation of intermolecular interactions between ASD components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Kapourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Elisavet Vardaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Katopodis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Kachrimanis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Barmpalexis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Preformulation Studies and Enabling Formulation Selection for an Insoluble Compound at Preclinical Stage-From In Vitro, In Silico to In Vivo. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:950-958. [PMID: 31647952 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to identify an enabling formulation for an insoluble compound ZL006 with potency of boosting leukocytes after chemotherapy. The low oral bioavailability (<1%) of its conventional suspension was the hurdle for the preclinical evaluation via oral administration. Preformulation studies including physical form screening and physicochemical properties determination were performed. Polymorphism was observed, and the more thermodynamically stable form was selected for further studies. ZL006 showed certain supersaturation solubility, although the thermodynamic solubility in FaSSIF was low, which indicated the supersaturating formulation might work. Parameter sensitivity analysis by in silico simulation predicted that in vivo exposure was sensitive to solubility, while particle size reduction would have limited impact on exposure. Based on in silico prediction and the understanding of the molecule from preformulation studies, solid dispersion approach was selected. A preliminary dose escalation pharmacokinetic study in rats demonstrated that in vivo exposure increased in dose-proportional manner from 12.5 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg with around 50% oral bioavailability after oral dosing of the solid dispersion. This work showed that combination of preformulation studies and in silico simulation could efficiently guide the selection of enabling formulation, which could save resources at preclinical stage.
Collapse
|
9
|
Shi X, Xu T, Huang W, Fan B, Sheng X. Stability and Bioavailability Enhancement of Telmisartan Ternary Solid Dispersions: the Synergistic Effect of Polymers and Drug-Polymer(s) Interactions. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:143. [PMID: 30887265 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of polymers and drug-polymer(s) interactions on the improved stability and bioavailability of telmisartan (TEL) ternary solid dispersions. As a water-insoluble drug, 40 and 160 mg doses of TEL tablets exhibited bioavailabilities of 42% and 58%, respectively. Through polymer screening, PVP K30 and/or Soluplus were selected and used at different concentrations to prepare TEL amorphous solid dispersions by solvent evaporation. Compared to pure TEL and TEL-PVP K30/Soluplus binary solid dispersions, TEL-PVP K30-Soluplus ternary solid dispersions demonstrated significant advantages, including higher dissolution (over 90% release at 60 min), better amorphous stability (physically stable in 90 days), and improved oral bioavailability (Cmax of 5535.819 ± 325.67 ng/mL and tmax of 1 h). These advantages were related to the complementarity of PVP K30 and Soluplus on TEL. PVP K30 had a better activity to solubilize TEL and achieved a high TEL initial concentration in dissolution media. Simultaneously, the ability of Soluplus to assist in the maintenance of supersaturation played an important role. PVP K30 and Soluplus together inhibited crystallization of the drug at different stages. The existence and intensity of drug-polymer interactions were also determined by DSC (Tg determination) and FT-IR. At the molecular level, a hypothesis was also proposed that the enhancements resulted from the contribution of the synergistic effect between PVP K30 and Soluplus. These results suggested that two polymers, in a combination and via a synergistic effect, could further enhance the bioavailability and amorphous stability of ternary solid dispersions.
Collapse
|
10
|
Park C, Meghani NM, Shin Y, Oh E, Park JB, Cui JH, Cao QR, Tran TTD, Tran PHL, Lee BJ. Investigation of Crystallization and Salt Formation of Poorly Water-Soluble Telmisartan for Enhanced Solubility. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11030102. [PMID: 30823389 PMCID: PMC6470926 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The crystal changes and salt formation of poorly water-soluble telmisartan (TEL) in various solvents were investigated for enhanced solubility, stability and crystallinity. Polymorphic behaviors of TEL were characterized by dispersing in distilled water, acetone, acetonitrile, DMSO, or ethanol using Method I: without heat and then dried under vacuum at room temperature; and Method II: with heat below boiling temperature, cooled at 5 °C, and then dried under vacuum at 40 °C. For salt formation (Method III), the following four powdered mixtures were prepared by dispersing in solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) (pH 1.2), TEL/HCl; in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2 buffer), TEL/simulated gastric fluid (SGF); in intestinal fluid (pH 6.8 buffer), TEL/simulated intestinal fluid (SIF); or in NaOH (pH 6.8), TEL/NaOH, respectively, and then dried under a vacuum at room temperature. The structures of powdered mixtures were then studied using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), FTIR, ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR), and LC⁻MS. The solubility of TEL in powdered forms was performed in pH 6.8, pH 1.2, and distilled water. No polymorphic behaviors of TEL were observed in various solvents as characterized by FESEM, DSC, PXRD, and FTIR. However, the structural changes of powdered mixtures obtained from Method III were observed due to the formation of salt form. Moreover, the solubility of salt form (TEL/HCl) was highly increased as compared with pure TEL. There were no significant changes of TEL/HCl compared with TEL in the content assay, PXRD, DSC, and FTIR during stressed storage conditions at 40 °C/75% relative humidity (RH) for 4 weeks under the closed package condition. Therefore, the present study suggests the new approach for the enhanced stability and solubility of a poorly water-soluble drug via salt form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chulhun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | | | - Yongkwan Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Euichaul Oh
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea.
| | - Jun-Bom Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea.
| | - Jing-Hao Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Qing-Ri Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Thao Truong-Dinh Tran
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | | | - Beom-Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shin DJ, Chae BR, Goo YT, Yoon HY, Kim CH, Sohn SI, Oh D, Lee A, Song SH, Choi YW. Improved Dissolution and Oral Bioavailability of Valsartan Using a Solidified Supersaturable Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System Containing Gelucire ® 44/14. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11020058. [PMID: 30708963 PMCID: PMC6409713 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the dissolution and oral bioavailability of valsartan (VST), we previously formulated a supersaturable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SuSMED) composed of Capmul® MCM (oil), Tween® 80 (surfactant), Transcutol® P (cosurfactant), and Poloxamer 407 (precipitation inhibitor) but encountered a stability problem (Transcutol® P-induced weight loss in storage) after solidification. In the present study, replacing Transcutol® P with Gelucire® 44/14 resulted in a novel SuSMED formulation, wherein the total amount of surfactant/cosurfactant was less than that of the previous formulation. Solidified SuSMED (S-SuSMED) granules were prepared by blending VST-containing SuSMED with selective solid carriers, L-HPC and Florite® PS-10, wherein VST existed in an amorphous state. S-SuSMED tablets fabricated by direct compression with additional excipients were sufficiently stable in terms of drug content and impurity changes after 6 months of storage at accelerated conditions (40 ± 2 °C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity). Consequently, enhanced dissolution was obtained (pH 1.2, 2 h): 6-fold for S-SuSMED granules against raw VST; 2.3-fold for S-SuSMED tablets against Diovan® (reference tablet). S-SuSMED tablets increased oral bioavailability in rats (10 mg/kg VST dose): approximately 177–198% versus raw VST and Diovan®. Therefore, VST-loaded S-SuSMED formulations might be good candidates for practical development in the pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Bo Ram Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
- Daewon Pharm. Co., Ltd, 520 Cheonhodae-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 04994, Korea.
| | - Yoon Tae Goo
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Ho Yub Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Chang Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Se Il Sohn
- Daewon Pharm. Co., Ltd, 520 Cheonhodae-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 04994, Korea.
| | - Dongho Oh
- Daewon Pharm. Co., Ltd, 520 Cheonhodae-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 04994, Korea.
| | - Ahram Lee
- Daewon Pharm. Co., Ltd, 520 Cheonhodae-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 04994, Korea.
| | - Seh Hyon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Young Wook Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Son HY, Chae BR, Choi JY, Shin DJ, Goo YT, Lee ES, Kang TH, Kim CH, Yoon HY, Choi YW. Optimization of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system for phospholipid complex of telmisartan using D-optimal mixture design. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208339. [PMID: 30517187 PMCID: PMC6281252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the dissolution behavior of telmisartan (TMS), a poorly water-soluble angiotensin II receptor blocker, TMS-phospholipid complex (TPC) was prepared by solvent evaporation method and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffractometry. The crystalline structure of TMS was transited into an amorphous state by TPC formation. The equilibrium solubility of TPC (1.3-6.1 mg/mL) in various vehicles was about 100 times higher than that of TMS (0.009-0.058 mg/mL). TPC-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulation was optimized using the D-optimal mixture design with the composition of 14% Capryol 90 (oil; X1), 59.9% tween 80 (surfactant; X2), and 26.1% tetraglycol (cosurfactant; X3) as independent variables, which resulted in a droplet size of 22.17 nm (Y1), TMS solubilization of 4.06 mg/mL (Y2), and 99.4% drug release in 15 min (Y3) as response factors. The desirability function value was 0.854, indicating the reliability and accuracy of optimization; in addition, good agreement was found between the model prediction and experimental values of Y1, Y2, and Y3. Dissolution of raw TMS was poor and pH-dependent, where it had extremely low dissolution (< 1% for 2 h) in water, pH 4, and pH 6.8 media; however, it showed fast and high dissolution (> 90% in 5 min) in pH 1.2 medium. In contrast, the dissolution of the optimized TPC-loaded SMEDDS was pH-independent and reached over 90% within 5 min in all the media tested. Thus, we suggested that phospholipid complex formation and SMEDDS formulation using the experimental design method might be a promising approach to enhance the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yong Son
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeh Choi
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Dong Jun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Tae Goo
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yub Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|