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Yasser M, El Naggar EE, Elfar N, Teaima MH, El-Nabarawi MA, Elhabal SF. Formulation, optimization and evaluation of ocular gel containing nebivolol Hcl-loaded ultradeformable spanlastics nanovesicles: In vitro and in vivo studies. Int J Pharm X 2024; 7:100228. [PMID: 38317829 PMCID: PMC10839649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aims to improve the ocular delivery of Nebivolol HCL (NBV) belonging to the Biopharmaceutics classification system (BCSII) by using spanlastic nanovesicles (SNVs) for ophthalmic delivery and incorporating them into hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel with ketorolac tromethamine (KET) as an anti-inflammatory to improve glaucoma complications like Conjunctivitis. SNVs were prepared by ethanol injection technique using span (60) as a surfactant and labrasol as an edge activator (EA). The impact of formulation factors on SNVs properties was investigated using a Box-Behnken design. In vitro evaluations showed that the formulations (F1, F4, and F14), containing Span 60 and labrasol as EA (25%, 50%, and 25%), exhibited high EE% with low PS and high ZP and DI. Additionally, 61.72 ± 0.77%, 58.97 ± 1.44%, and 56.20 ± 2.32% of the NBV amount were released from F1, F4, and F14 after 5 h, compared to 93.94 ± 1.21% released from drug suspension. The selected formula (G1), containing F1 in combination with KET and 2% w/w HPMC, exhibited 76.36 ± 0.90% drug release after 12 h. Ex vivo Confocal laser scanning revealed a high penetration of NBV-SNVs gel that ascertained the results of the in-vitro study. In vivo studies showed a significant decrease in glaucoma compared to drug suspension, and histopathological studies showed improvement in glaucomatous eye retinal atrophy. G1 is considered a promising approach to improving ocular permeability, absorption, and anti-inflammatory activity, providing a safer alternative to current regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yasser
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Eman E. El Naggar
- Department of Pharmaceutical technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Nehal Elfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud H. Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sammar Fathy Elhabal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Mokattam, Cairo 11571, Egypt
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Rahamathulla M, Pokale R, Al-ebini Y, Osmani RAM, Thajudeen KY, Gundawar R, Ahmed MM, Farhana SA, Shivanandappa TB. Simvastatin-Encapsulated Topical Liposomal Gel for Augmented Wound Healing: Optimization Using the Box-Behnken Model, Evaluations, and In Vivo Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:697. [PMID: 38931364 PMCID: PMC11206487 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins function beyond regulating cholesterol and, when administered systemically, can promote wound healing. However, studies have yet to explore the topical use of statins for wound healing. The present study demonstrated the topical administration of SIM and aimed to formulate, evaluate, and optimize Simvastatin (SIM)-encapsulated liposome gel carrier systems to facilitate successful topical wound healing. Liposomes containing SIM were formulated and optimized via a response surface methodology (RSM) using the thin-film hydration method. The effects of formulation variables, including the 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-trimethylammoniumpropan (DOTAP) concentration, Span 80 concentration, and cholesterol concentration, on zeta potential (mV), entrapment efficacy (%), and particle size (nm) were studied. The optimized liposome formulation (F-07) exhibited a zeta potential value of 16.56 ± 2.51 mV, revealing robust stability and a high SIM encapsulation efficiency of 95.6 ± 4.2%, whereas its particle size of 190.3 ± 3.3 nm confirmed its stability and structural integrity. The optimized liposome gel demonstrated pseudoplastic flow behavior. This property is advantageous in topical drug delivery systems because of its ease of application, improved spreadability, and enhanced penetration, demonstrating prolonged SIM release. The assessment of the wound healing efficacy of the optimized liposomal gel formulation demonstrated a substantial decrease in wound size in mice on the sixteenth day post-wounding. These findings suggest that the use of liposomal gels is a potential drug delivery strategy for incorporating SIM, thereby augmenting its effectiveness in promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Rahamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rahul Pokale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Yousef Al-ebini
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan;
- Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Riyaz Ali M. Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Kamal Y. Thajudeen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ravi Gundawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India;
| | - Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syeda Ayesha Farhana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
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Almutairy BK, Khafagy ES, Aldawsari MF, Alshetaili A, Alotaibi HF, Abu Lila AS. Tailoring of Bilosomal Nanogel for Augmenting the Off-Label Use of Sildenafil Citrate in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19536-19547. [PMID: 38708263 PMCID: PMC11064047 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric pulmonary hypertension is a serious syndrome with significant morbidity and mortality. Sildenafil is widely used off-label in pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this study, bile salt-stabilized nanovesicles (bilosomes) were screened for their efficacy to enhance the transdermal delivery of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, sildenafil citrate, in an attempt to augment its therapeutic efficacy in pediatric pulmonary hypertension. A response surface methodology was implemented for fabricating and optimizing a bilosomal formulation of sildenafil (SDF-BS). The optimized SDF-BS formulation was characterized in terms of its entrapment efficiency (EE), zeta potential, vesicle size, and in vitro release profile. The optimized formula was then loaded onto hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) hydrogel and assessed for skin permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic studies. The optimized SDF-BS showed the following characteristic features; EE of 88.7 ± 1.1%, vesicle size of 185.0 + 9.2 nm, zeta potential of -20.4 ± 1.1 mV, and efficiently sustained SDF release for 12 h. Skin permeation study revealed a remarkable improvement in SDF penetration from bilosomal gel compared to plain SDF gel. In addition, pharmacokinetic results revealed that encapsulating SDF within bilosomal vesicles significantly enhanced its systemic bioavailability (∼3 folds), compared to SDF oral suspension. In addition, pharmacodynamic investigation revealed that, compared to plain SDF gel or oral drug suspension, SDF-BS gel applied topically triggered a significant elevation (p < 0.05) in cGMP serum levels, underscoring the superior therapeutic efficacy of SDF-BS gel. Conclusively, bilosomes can be viewed as a promising nanocarrier for transdermal delivery of SDF that would grant higher therapeutic efficiency while alleviating the limitations encountered with SDF oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjad K. Almutairy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alshetaili
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadil Faris Alotaibi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint AbdulRahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University
of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Medical
and Diagnostic Research Center, University
of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Xu Y, Zhao M, Cao J, Fang T, Zhang J, Zhen Y, Wu F, Yu X, Liu Y, Li J, Wang D. Applications and recent advances in transdermal drug delivery systems for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4417-4441. [PMID: 37969725 PMCID: PMC10638506 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease predominantly based on joint lesions with an extremely high disability and deformity rate. Several drugs have been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but their use is limited by suboptimal bioavailability, serious adverse effects, and nonnegligible first-pass effects. In contrast, transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) can avoid these drawbacks and improve patient compliance, making them a promising option for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Of course, TDDSs also face unique challenges, as the physiological barrier of the skin makes drug delivery somewhat limited. To overcome this barrier and maximize drug delivery efficiency, TDDSs have evolved in terms of the principle of transdermal facilitation and transdermal facilitation technology, and different generations of TDDSs have been derived, which have significantly improved transdermal efficiency and even achieved individualized controlled drug delivery. In this review, we summarize the different generations of transdermal drug delivery systems, the corresponding transdermal strategies, and their applications in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinxue Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanli Zhen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fangling Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yaming Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongkai Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Qureshi MI, Jamil QA, Usman F, Wani TA, Farooq M, Shah HS, Ahmad H, Khalil R, Sajjad M, Zargar S, Kausar S. Tioconazole-Loaded Transethosomal Gel Using Box-Behnken Design for Topical Applications: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Molecular Docking Approaches. Gels 2023; 9:767. [PMID: 37754448 PMCID: PMC10530999 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tioconazole (TCZ) is a broad-spectrum fungicidal BCS class II drug with reported activity against Candida albicans, dermatophytes, and certain Staphylococci bacteria. We report the use of TCZ-loaded transethosomes (TEs) to overcome the skin's barrier function. TCZ-loaded TEs were fabricated by using a cold method with slight modification. Box-Behnken composite design was utilized to investigate the effect of independent variables. The fabricated TEs were assessed with various physicochemical characterizations. The optimized formulation of TCZ-loaded TEs was incorporated into gel and evaluated for pH, conductivity, drug content, spreadability, rheology, in vitro permeation, ex vivo permeation, and in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity. The fabricated TCZ-loaded TEs had a % EE of 60.56 to 86.13, with particle sizes ranging from 219.1 to 757.1 nm. The SEM images showed spherically shaped vesicles. The % drug permeation was between 77.01 and 92.03. The kinetic analysis of all release profiles followed Higuchi's diffusion model. The FTIR, DSC, and XRD analysis showed no significant chemical interactions between the drug and excipients. A significantly higher antifungal activity was observed for TCZ-loaded transethosomal gel in comparison to the control. The in vivo antifungal study on albino rats indicated that TCZ-loaded transethosomal gel showed a comparable therapeutic effect in comparison to the market brand Canesten®. Molecular docking demonstrated that the TCZ in the TE composition was surrounded by hydrophobic excipients with increased overall hydrophobicity and better permeation. Therefore, TCZ in the form of transethosomal gel can serve as an effective drug delivery system, having the ability to penetrate the skin and overcome the stratum corneum barrier with improved efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 66000, Pakistan; (M.I.Q.); (Q.A.J.)
| | - Qazi Adnan Jamil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 66000, Pakistan; (M.I.Q.); (Q.A.J.)
| | - Faisal Usman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Tanveer A. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassir Farooq
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Hamid Saeed Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Hassan Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, 1-Khayabaan-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Ruqaiya Khalil
- Centro De Investigaciones Biomédicas, University of Vigo (CINBO), 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Muhammad Sajjad
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safina Kausar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
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Khafagy ES, Almutairy BK, Abu Lila AS. Tailoring of Novel Bile Salt Stabilized Vesicles for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Simvastatin: A New Therapeutic Approach against Inflammation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030677. [PMID: 36771977 PMCID: PMC9921379 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SMV), a cholesterol-lowering agent, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, the oral use of SMV is linked with poor systemic bioavailability owing to its limited aqueous solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of transdermal delivery of SMV using bile salt stabilized vesicles (bilosomes) for enhancing the anti-inflammatory potential of SMV. SMV-loaded bilosomes (SMV-BS) were prepared by the thin film hydration technique and optimized by 33 Box-Behnken design. The fabricated SMV-BS were assessed for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency (% EE) and cumulative drug release. The optimized formula was incorporated into HPMC gel and investigated for physical properties, ex vivo permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetic study and anti-inflammatory potential in inflamed paw edema rat model. The optimized SMV-BS showed vesicle size of 172.1 ± 8.1 nm and % EE of 89.2 ± 1.8%. In addition, encapsulating SMV within bilosomal vesicles remarkably sustained drug release over 12 h, compared to plain drug suspension. Furthermore, SMV-loaded bilosomal gel showed a three-fold enhancement in SMV transdermal flux, compared to plain drug suspension. Most importantly, the relative bioavailability of SMV-BS gel was ~2-fold and ~3-fold higher than those of oral SMV suspension and SMV gel, respectively. In carrageenan-induced paw edema model, SMV-BS gel induced a potent anti-inflammatory effect, as evidenced by a remarkable reduction in paw edema, which was comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin. Collectively, bilosomes might represent a plausible transdermal drug delivery system that could enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of SMV by boosting its skin permeation and its systemic bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-533-564-286
| | - Bjad K. Almutairy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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7
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Hassan AS, Hofni A, Abourehab MAS, Abdel-Rahman IAM. Ginger Extract-Loaded Transethosomes for Effective Transdermal Permeation and Anti-Inflammation in Rat Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1259-1280. [PMID: 36945254 PMCID: PMC10024879 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s400604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ginger extract (GE) has sparked great interest due to its numerous biological benefits. However, it suffers from limited skin permeability, which challenges its transdermal application. The target of the current work was to develop transethosomes as a potential nanovehicle to achieve enhanced transdermal delivery of GE through the skin. Methods GE-loaded transethosomes were prepared by cold injection using different edge activators. The fabricated nanovesicles were evaluated for particle size, ζ-potential, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The selected formulation was then laden into the hydrogel system and evaluated for ex vivo permeability and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan-induced rat-paw edema model. Results The selected formulation comprised of sodium deoxycholate exhibited particle size of 188.3±7.66 nm, ζ-potential of -38.6±0.08 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 91.0%±0.24%. The developed transethosomal hydrogel containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was homogeneous, pseudoplastic, and demonstrated sustained drug release. Furthermore, it exhibited improved flux (12.61±0.45 μg.cm2/second), apparent skin permeability (2.43±0.008×10-6 cm/second), and skin deposition compared to free GE hydrogel. In vivo testing and histopathological examination revealed that the GE transethosomal hydrogel exhibited significant inhibition of edema swelling compared to free GE hydrogel and ketoprofen gel. The animals that were treated with ginger transethosome hydrogel showed a significant decrement in reactive oxygen species and prostaglandin E2 compared to untreated animals. Conclusion Transethosomes might be a promising new vehicle for GE for effective skin permeation and anti-inflammation. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first utilization of transethosomes laden into hydrogel as a novel transdermal delivery system of GE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer S Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Correspondence: Abeer S Hassan, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt, Tel +201012060262, Email
| | - Amal Hofni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Iman A M Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Transethosomal Gel for the Topical Delivery of Celecoxib: Formulation and Estimation of Skin Cancer Progression. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010022. [PMID: 36678651 PMCID: PMC9864437 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The topical delivery of therapeutics is a promising strategy for managing skin conditions. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors showed a possible target for chemoprevention and cancer management. Celecoxib (CXB) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that impedes cell growth and generates apoptosis in different cell tumors. Herein, an investigation proceeded to explore the usefulness of nano lipid vesicles (transethosomes) (TES) of CXB to permit penetration of considerable quantities of the drug for curing skin cancer. The prepared nanovesicles were distinguished for drug encapsulation efficiency, vesicle size, PDI, surface charge, and morphology. In addition, FT-IR and DSC analyses were also conducted to examine the influence of vesicle components. The optimized formulation was dispersed in various hydrogel bases. Furthermore, in vitro CXB release and ex vivo permeability studies were evaluated. A cytotoxicity study proceeded using A431 and BJ1 cell lines. The expression alteration of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene and DNA damage and fragmentation using qRT-PCR and comet assays were also investigated. Optimized CXB-TES formulation was spherically shaped and displayed a vesicle size of 75.9 ± 11.4 nm, a surface charge of -44.7 ± 1.52 mV, and an entrapment efficiency of 88.8 ± 7.2%. The formulated TES-based hydrogel displayed a sustained in vitro CXB release pattern for 24 h with an enhanced flux and permeation across rat skin compared with the control (free drug-loaded hydrogel). Interestingly, CXB-TES hydrogel has a lower cytotoxic effect on normal skin cells compared with TES suspension and CXB powder. Moreover, the level of expression of the CDKN2A gene was significantly (p ≤ 0.01, ANOVA/Tukey) decreased in skin tumor cell lines compared with normal skin cell lines, indicating that TES are the suitable carrier for topical delivery of CXB to the cancer cells suppressing their progression. In addition, apoptosis demonstrated by comet and DNA fragmentation assays was evident in skin cancer cells exposed to CXB-loaded TES hydrogel formulation. In conclusion, our results illustrate that CXB-TES-loaded hydrogel could be considered a promising carrier and effective chemotherapeutic agent for the management of skin carcinoma.
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Chao S, Lu W, Zhang P. Transdermal delivery of inflammatory factors regulated drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1934-1950. [PMID: 35757855 PMCID: PMC9246099 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2089295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease, with the features of recurrent chronic inflammation of synovial tissue, destruction of cartilage, and bone erosion, which further affects joints tissue, organs, and systems, and eventually leads to irreversible joint deformities and body dysfunction. Therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis mainly reduce inflammation through regulating inflammatory factors. Transdermal administration is gradually being applied to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, which can allow the drug to overcome the skin stratum corneum barrier, reduce gastrointestinal side effects, and avoid the first-pass effect, thus improving bioavailability and relieving inflammation. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of transdermal drug delivery in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and discussed in detail the dosage forms such as gel (microemulsion gel, nanoemulsion gel, nanomicelle gel, sanaplastic nano-vesiclegel, ethosomal gel, transfersomal gel, nanoparticles gel), patch, drug microneedles, nanostructured lipid carrier, transfersomes, lyotropic liquid crystal, and drug loaded electrospinning nanofibers, which provide inspiration for the rich dosage forms of transdermal drug delivery systems for rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaoju Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shushu Chao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Novel Bile Salt Stabilized Vesicles-Mediated Effective Topical Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium: A New Therapeutic Approach for Pain and Inflammation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091106. [PMID: 36145327 PMCID: PMC9506322 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral delivery of diclofenac sodium (DNa), a non-steroidal analgesic, anti-inflammatory drug, is associated with various gastrointestinal side effects. The aim of the research was to appraise the potential of transdermal delivery of DNa using bilosomes as a vesicular carrier (BSVC) in inflamed paw edema. DNa-BSVCs were elaborated using a thin-film hydration technique and optimized using a 31.22 multilevel categoric design with Design Expert® software 10 software (Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, MI, USA). The effect of formulation variables on the physicochemical properties of BSVC, as well as the optimal formulation selection, was investigated. The BSVCs were evaluated for various parameters including entrapment efficiency (EE%), vesicle size (VS), zeta potential (ZP) and permeation studies. The optimized BSVC was characterized for in vitro release, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and incorporated into hydrogel base. The optimized DNa-BSVC gel effectiveness was assessed in vivo using carrageenan-induced paw edema animal model via cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), Hemooxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor-erythroid factor2-related factor 2 (Nfr-2) that potentiate anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity coupled with histopathological investigation. The resulting vesicles presented VS from 120.4 ± 0.65 to 780.4 ± 0.99 nm, EE% from 61.7 ± 3.44 to 93.2 ± 2.21%, ZP from −23.8 ± 2.65 to −82.1 ± 12.63 mV and permeation from 582.9 ± 32.14 to 1350.2 ± 45.41 µg/cm2. The optimized BSVCs were nano-scaled spherical vesicles with non-overlapped bands of their constituents in the FTIR. Optimized formulation has superior skin permeability ex vivo approximately 2.5 times greater than DNa solution. Furthermore, histological investigation discovered that the formed BSVC had no skin irritating properties. It was found that DNa-BSVC gel suppressed changes in oxidative inflammatory mediators (COX-2), IL-6 and consequently enhanced Nrf2 and HO-1 levels. Moreover, reduction of percent of paw edema by about three-folds confirmed histopathological alterations. The results revealed that the optimized DNa-BSVC could be a promising transdermal drug delivery system to boost anti-inflammatory efficacy of DNa by enhancing the skin permeation of DNa and suppressing the inflammation of rat paw edema.
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Xiao Z, Zhao Q, Niu Y, Zhao D. Adhesion advances: from nanomaterials to biomimetic adhesion and applications. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3447-3464. [PMID: 35470362 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00265e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The field of adhesion has revealed a significant impact on numerous applications such as wound healing, drug delivery, electrically conductive adhesive, dental adhesive, and wood industry. Nanotechnology has continued to be the primary means to achieve adhesion. Among them, biological systems based on the unique structure of the nano-levels have developed excellent adhesion capabilities after billions of years of evolution and natural selection. Therefore, the research on bionic adhesion inspired by biological systems has gradually emerged. This review firstly focuses on the mechanism of adhesion, and secondly reports the effects of different nanomaterials on adhesion properties. Then based on the structure of mussels, geckos, tree frogs, octopuses, and other organisms, the research progress of biomimetic nanotechnology to achieve adhesion is summarized. Finally, the applications, challenges, and future directions of nanotechnology in new adhesive materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuobing Xiao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qixuan Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Yunwei Niu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Di Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
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Zaki RM, Ibrahim MA, Alshora DH, El Ela AESA. Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Gel Containing Tacrolimus-Loaded Spanlastics: In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081528. [PMID: 35458277 PMCID: PMC9024636 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Our goal was to prepare Span 60-based elastic nanovesicles (spanlastics (SPLs)) of tacrolimus (TCR) using the adapted ethanol injection method, characterize them, and evaluate their ability to improve the transdermal permeation of the active substance. The impact of two different concentrations of penetration enhancers, namely, propylene glycol and oleic acid, on the entrapment efficiency, vesicle size, and zeta potential was assessed. Moreover, in vitro release through a semipermeable membrane and ex vivo penetration through hairless rat skin were performed. Morphological examination and pharmacokinetics were performed for one selected formulation (F3OA1). TCR-loaded SPLs were effectively formulated with two different concentrations of permeation enhancers, and the effect of these enhancers on their physicochemical properties differed in accordance with the concentration and kind of enhancer used. The results of in vitro release displayed a considerable (p < 0.05) enhancement compared to the suspension of the pure drug, and there was a correlation between the in vitro and ex vivo results. The selected TCR-loaded nanovesicles incorporated into a gel base showed appreciable advantages over the oral drug suspension and the TCR-loaded gel. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) improved based on our findings. Moreover, the AUC0−7 ng·h/mL form F3 OA1 was 3.36-fold higher than that after the administration of the TCR oral suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.I.); (A.E.S.A.E.E.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Doaa H. Alshora
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.I.); (A.E.S.A.E.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Amal El Sayeh Abou El Ela
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.I.); (A.E.S.A.E.E.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Salem HF, Kharshoum RM, Awad SM, Ahmed Mostafa M, Abou-Taleb HA. Tailoring of Retinyl Palmitate-Based Ethosomal Hydrogel as a Novel Nanoplatform for Acne Vulgaris Management: Fabrication, Optimization, and Clinical Evaluation Employing a Split-Face Comparative Study. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4251-4276. [PMID: 34211271 PMCID: PMC8239256 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s301597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Retinyl palmitate (RP), the most stable vitamin A derivative, is used to treat photoaging and other skin disorders. The need to minimize the adverse effects of topical drug administration has led to an enhanced interest in loading RP on ethosomes for topical drug delivery. The aim of the current study was to prepare and compare the performance of RP decorated ethosomal hydrogel with tretinoin cream in the treatment of acne vulgaris as an approach to improve drug efficacy and decrease its side effects. METHODS RP-loaded ethosomes were prepared using the injection sonication technique. A Box-Behnken design using Design Expert® software was used for the optimization of formulation variables. Particle size, zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency percent (EE%), % drug release, and permeation over 24 h of different formulations were determined. The optimal formulation was incorporated into a hydrogel. Finally, the efficacy and tolerability of the optimized RP ethosomal hydrogel were clinically evaluated for acne treatment using a split-face comparative clinical study. RESULTS The optimized ethosomal RP showed particle size of 195.8±5.45 nm, ZP of -62.1±2.85 mV, EE% of 92.63±4.33%, drug release % of 96.63±6.81%, and drug permeation % of 85.98 ±4.79%. Both the optimized RP ethosomal hydrogel and tretinoin effectively reduced all types of acne lesions (inflammatory, non-inflammatory, and total lesions). However, RP resulted in significantly lower non-inflammatory and total acne lesion count than the marketed tretinoin formulation. Besides, RP-loaded ethosomes showed significantly improved tolerability compared to marketed tretinoin with no or minimal skin irritation symptoms. CONCLUSION RP ethosomal hydrogel is considerably effective in controlling acne vulgaris with excellent skin tolerability. Therefore, it represents an interesting alternative to conventional marketed tretinoin formulation for topical acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba F Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Kharshoum
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sara M Awad
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mai Ahmed Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Heba A Abou-Taleb
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Salem HF, Kharshoum RM, Abou-Taleb HA, Farouk HO, Zaki RM. Fabrication and Appraisal of Simvastatin via Tailored Niosomal Nanovesicles for Transdermal Delivery Enhancement: In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020138. [PMID: 33494472 PMCID: PMC7910921 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SIM) is a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor employed in the management of hyperlipidemia. However, its low bioavailability limits its clinical efficacy. The objective of this study was to overcome the poor bioavailability of SIM via the transdermal application of a SIM-loaded niosomal gel. Niosomes loaded with SIM were fabricated by means of the thin-film hydration method and optimized through a 33-factorial design utilizing Design Expert® software. The prepared niosomes were evaluated for entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential, vesicle size, and cumulative percentage of drug release. The optimum niosomal formulation was loaded on the gel and evaluated for physical properties such as color, clarity, and homogeneity. It was also evaluated for spreadability, and the cumulative % drug release. The best niosomal gel formula was appraised for ex vivo permeation as well as pharmacokinetic study. The SIM-loaded niosomes showed EE% between 66.7–91.4%, vesicle size between 191.1–521.6 nm, and zeta potential ranged between −0.81–+35.6 mv. The cumulative percentage of drug released was ranged from 55% to 94% over 12 h. SIM-loaded niosomal gels were clear, homogenous, spreadable, and the pH values were within the range of physiological skin pH. Furthermore, about 73.5% of SIM was released within 24 h, whereas 409.5 µg/cm2 of SIM passed through the skin over 24 h in the ex vivo permeation study. The pharmacokinetic study revealed higher AUC0–∞ and Cmax with topical application of SIM-loaded niosomal gel compared to topical SIM gel or oral SIM suspension. The topical application of SIM-loaded niosomal gel ascertained the potential percutaneous delivery of SIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba F. Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Shehata Hegazi Street, P.O. Box 62514 Beni-Suef, Egypt; (H.F.S.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Rasha M. Kharshoum
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Shehata Hegazi Street, P.O. Box 62514 Beni-Suef, Egypt; (H.F.S.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Heba A. Abou-Taleb
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), P.O. Box 62511 Beni-Suef, Egypt; (H.A.A.-T.); (H.O.F.)
| | - Hanan Osman Farouk
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), P.O. Box 62511 Beni-Suef, Egypt; (H.A.A.-T.); (H.O.F.)
| | - Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Shehata Hegazi Street, P.O. Box 62514 Beni-Suef, Egypt; (H.F.S.); (R.M.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1154-446-442
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Salem HF, Nafady MM, Ewees MGED, Hassan H, Khallaf RA. Rosuvastatin calcium-based novel nanocubic vesicles capped with silver nanoparticles-loaded hydrogel for wound healing management: optimization employing Box-Behnken design: in vitro and in vivo assessment. J Liposome Res 2021; 32:45-61. [PMID: 33353435 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2020.1867166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a serious problem that could cause severe morbidity and even death. The ability of statins including rosuvastatin calcium (RVS) to enhance wound healing was well reported. However, RVS is poorly soluble and has low bioavailability. Thus, this study aimed to prepare and evaluate RVS-loaded nanocubics to enhance its skin performance. In addition, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibited potent antimicrobial activity, thus, the optimum RVS-loaded nanocubics was capped with AgNPs to evaluate its effect in wound management. Box-Behnken design was adopted to prepare RVS nanocubics. The design investigated the effect of lecithin, poloxamer 407 concentrations and hydration time on vesicle size, zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE%) and in vitro drug release%. Optimum formulation capped with AgNPs was incorporated into a gel base and examined for wound healing efficiency using different pharmacological tests in rats. Nanocubics have shown a mean diameter between 167.2 ± 7.8 and 408 ± 18.4 nm, ZP values ranging from -20.9 ± 1.9 to -53.5 ± 4 mV, EE% equivocated between 31.6 ± 1.4 and 94.4 ± 8.6 and drug release after 12 h between 17.9 ± 1.9 and 68.0 ± 4.0%. The histopathological studies and serum tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels confirmed the greater efficacy of RVS nanocubics capped with AgNPs gel in wound healing when compared with gentamicin ointment. RVS-loaded nanocubic vesicles and AgNPs-loaded hydrogel could be considered as a promising platform to enhance the wound healing and tissue repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba F Salem
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Nafady
- Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Hend Hassan
- Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Khallaf
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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