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Galocha-León C, Antich C, Voltes-Martínez A, Marchal JA, Mallandrich M, Halbaut L, Souto EB, Gálvez-Martín P, Clares-Naveros B. Human mesenchymal stromal cells-laden crosslinked hyaluronic acid-alginate bioink for 3D bioprinting applications in tissue engineering. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01596-9. [PMID: 38662335 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is considered one of the most advanced tools to build up materials for tissue engineering. The aim of this work was the design, development and characterization of a bioink composed of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) for extrusion through nozzles to create these 3D structures that might potentially be apply to replace the function of damaged natural tissue. In this study, we focused on the advantages and the wide potential of biocompatible biomaterials, such as hyaluronic acid and alginate for the inclusion of hMSC. The bioink was characterized for its physical (pH, osmolality, degradation, swelling, porosity, surface electrical properties, conductivity, and surface structure), mechanical (rheology and printability) and biological (viability and proliferation) properties. The developed bioink showed high porosity and high swelling capacity, while the degradation rate was dependent on the temperature. The bioink also showed negative electrical surface and appropriate rheological properties required for bioprinting. Moreover, stress-stability studies did not show any sign of physical instability. The developed bioink provided an excellent environment for the promotion of the viability and growth of hMSC cells. Our work reports the first-time study of the effect of storage temperature on the cell viability of bioinks, besides showing that our bioink promoted a high cell viability after being extruded by the bioprinter. These results support the suggestion that the developed hMSC-composed bioink fulfills all the requirements for tissue engineering and can be proposed as a biological tool with potential applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Grants
- Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FEDER funds), grant number RTC-2016-5451-1; Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FEDER funds), grant numbers DTS19/00143 and DTS17/00087); Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Emp Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FEDER funds), grant number RTC-2016-5451-1; Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FEDER funds), grant numbers DTS19/00143 and DTS17/00087); Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Emp
- FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., Lisbon, Portugal FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., Lisbon, Portugal
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Galocha-León
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Antich
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, 18012, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Voltes-Martínez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, 18012, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab - Biofabrication and 3D (Bio)printing Singular Laboratory, University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan A Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, 18012, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab - Biofabrication and 3D (Bio)printing Singular Laboratory, University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Mireia Mallandrich
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lyda Halbaut
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliana B Souto
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patricia Gálvez-Martín
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain
- R&D Human and Animal Health, Bioibérica S.A.U., 08029, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Clares-Naveros
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain.
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain.
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Liu J, Zhou L, Cong H, Hu J, Tang J. Resveratrol-loaded microemulsion based thermosensitive hydrogel for potential topical treatment of the vaginal inflammation. J Drug Target 2024; 32:404-412. [PMID: 38288679 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2310879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaginal inflammation is a prevalent gynecological condition. If left untreated, it can potentially spread to the urinary and reproductive systems. METHODS In this study, we propose a resveratrol-loaded microemulsion-based thermosensitive hydrogel (Res-Me-Tsgel) and compare it with a chitosan hydrogel-based Res-Me-Cogel. We characterized the different characters of Res-Me-Tsgel. The safety of Res-Me-Tsgel was also evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we measured the retention of Res in the vagina after drug administration. RESULTS The Res-Me-Tsgel we prepared is a transparent liquid solution at room temperature that rapidly forms a gel at 37oC. Compared to Res solution and Res-Me, both Res-Me-Cogel and Res-Me-Tsgel demonstrate superior sustained release properties. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm the excellent biosafety profile of Res-Me-Cogel and Res-Me-Tsgel. Vaginal administration of these formulations in rats results in prolonged retention of resveratrol within the vagina. Notably, due to its improved flow into vaginal folds after administration, the retention of Resveratrol was approximately three times higher for the Res-Me-Tsgel group compared to the Res-Me-Cogel group at 24 h post-administration. Overall, these findings highlight the potential application of Res-Me-Tsgel as an effective means for vaginal inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We developed a novel micromulsion based thermosensitive hydrogel for the delivery of Res. The sustained release of Res and favorable vaginal retention from Res-Me-Tsgel make them promise as a potential candidate for local intravaginal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liuqi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huijing Cong
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingling Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Polyoxazoline: A review article from polymerization to smart behaviors and biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yu P, Liu Y, Xie J, Li J. Spatiotemporally controlled calcitonin delivery: Long-term and targeted therapy of skeletal diseases. J Control Release 2021; 338:486-504. [PMID: 34481022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a connective tissue that support the entire body and protect the internal organs. However, there are great challenges on curing intractable skeletal diseases such as hypercalcemia, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. To address these issues, calcitonin (CT) therapy is an effective treatment alternative to regulate calcium metabolism and suppress inflammation response, which are closely related to skeletal diseases. Traditional calcitonin formulation requires frequent administration due to the low bioavailability resulting from the short half-life and abundant calcitonin receptors distributed through the whole body. Therefore, long-term and targeted calcitonin delivery systems (LCDS and TCDS) have been widely explored as the popular strategies to overcome the intrinsic limitations of calcitonin and improve the functions of calcium management and inflammation inhibition in recent years. In this review, we first explain the physiological effects of calcitonin on bone remodeling: (i) inhibitory effects on osteoclasts and (ii) facilitated effects on osteoblasts. Then we summarized four strategies for spatiotemporally controlled delivery of calcitonin: micro-/nanomedicine (e.g. inorganic micro-/nanomedicine, polymeric micro-/nanomedicine and supramolecular assemblies), hydrogels (especially thermosensitive hydrogels), prodrug (PEGylation and targeting design) and hybrid biomaterials. Subsequently, we discussed the application of LCDS and TCDS in treating hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, and arthritis. Understanding and analyzing these advanced calcitonin delivery applications are essential for future development of calcitonin therapies toward skeletal diseases with superior efficacy in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, PR China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Dang LH, Doan P, Nhi TTY, Nguyen DT, Nguyen BT, Nguyen TP, Tran NQ. Multifunctional injectable pluronic-cystamine-alginate-based hydrogel as a novel cellular delivery system towards tissue regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:592-603. [PMID: 34216661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a new thermal sensitive hydrogel system based on cystamine-functionalised sodium alginate-g-pluronic F127 (ACP). The introduction of cystamine to the alginate backbone not only creates a covalent bond with pluronic F127 but also provides intrinsic anti-bacterial activity for the resultant hydrogel. The amount of water uptake inside the hydrogel remained ~200% for 6 days and the degradation was completed in 12 days in physiological media. The ACP copolymer solution could form a hydrogel at body temperature (~37 °C) and could return to the solution phase if the temperature decreased below 25o °C. Fibroblast encapsulated in situ in the ACP hydrogel maintained their viability (≥90% based on the live/dead assay) for 7 days, demonstrating the good biocompatibility of the ACP hydrogel for long-term cell cultivation. In addition, three-dimensional (3D) culture showed that fibroblast attached to the hydrogels and successfully mimicked the porous structure of the ACP hydrogel after 5 days of culture. Fibroblast cells could migrate from the cell-ACP clusters and form a confluent cell layer on the surface of the culture dish. Altogether, the obtained results indicate that the thermal-responsive ACP hydrogel synthesised in this study may serve as a cellular delivery platform for diverse tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Hang Dang
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam; Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam.
| | - Phuong Doan
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Thi Yen Nhi
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam; NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Dinh Trung Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam; Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam
| | - Bich Tram Nguyen
- Department of Natural Science, Thu Dau Mot University, Thu Dau Mot City, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Phuong Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, HCMC University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Quyen Tran
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam; Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam.
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6
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Constantinou AP, Georgiou TK. Pre‐clinical and clinical applications of thermoreversible hydrogels in biomedical engineering: a review. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Constantinou
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Royal School of Mines London UK
| | - Theoni K Georgiou
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Royal School of Mines London UK
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Dargaville TR, Harkin DG, Park JR, Cavalcanti A, Bolle ECL, Savi FM, Farrugia BL, Monnery BD, Bernhard Y, Van Guyse JFR, Podevyn A, Hoogenboom R. Poly(2-allylamidopropyl-2-oxazoline)-Based Hydrogels: From Accelerated Gelation Kinetics to In Vivo Compatibility in a Murine Subdermal Implant Model. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1590-1599. [PMID: 33764748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A rapid photo-curing system based on poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline-co-2-allylamidopropyl-2-oxazoline) and its in vivo compatibility are presented. The base polymer was synthesized from the copolymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EtOx) and the methyl ester containing 2-methoxycarboxypropyl-2-oxazoline (C3MestOx) followed by amidation with allylamine to yield a highly water-soluble macromer. We showed that spherical hydrogels can be obtained by a simple water-in-oil gelation method using thiol-ene coupling and investigated the in vivo biocompatibility of these hydrogel spheres in a 28-day murine subdermal model. For comparison, hydrogel spheres prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) were also implanted. Both materials displayed mild, yet typical foreign body responses with little signs of fibrosis. This is the first report on the foreign body response of a poly(2-oxazoline) hydrogel, which paves the way for future investigations into how this highly tailorable class of materials can be used for implantable hydrogel devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim R Dargaville
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Damien G Harkin
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Jong-Ryul Park
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Amanda Cavalcanti
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Eleonore C L Bolle
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Flavia Medeiros Savi
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Brooke L Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Bryn D Monnery
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yann Bernhard
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joachim F R Van Guyse
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelore Podevyn
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Zheng Z, Yu C, Wei H. Injectable Hydrogels as Three-Dimensional Network Reservoirs for Osteoporosis Treatment. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:430-454. [PMID: 33086984 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite tremendous progresses made in the field of tissue engineering over the past several decades, it remains a significant challenge for the treatment of osteoporosis (OP) due to the lack of appropriate carriers to improve the bioavailability of therapeutic agents and the unavailability of artificial bone matrix with desired properties for the replacement of damaged bone regions. Encouragingly, the development of injectable hydrogels for the treatment of OP has attracted increasing attention in recent years because they can serve either as a reservoir for various therapeutic species or as a perfect filler for bone injuries with irregular shapes. However, the relationship between the complicated pathological mechanism of OP and the properties of diverse polymeric materials lacks elucidation, which clearly hampers the clinical application of injectable hydrogels for the efficient treatment of OP. To clarify this relationship, this article summarized both localized and systematic treatment of OP using an injectable hydrogel-based strategy. Specifically, the pathogenesis of OP and the limitations of current treatment approaches were first analyzed. We further focused on the use of hydrogels loaded with various therapeutic substances following a classification standard of the encapsulated cargoes for OP treatment with an emphasis on the application and precautions of each category. A concluding remark on existing challenges and future directions of this rapidly developing research area was finally made. Impact statement Effective osteoporosis (OP) treatment remains a significant challenge due substantially to the unavailability of appropriate drug carriers and artificial matrices with desired properties to promote bone repair and replace damaged regions. For this purpose, this review focused on the development of diverse injectable hydrogel systems for the delivery of various therapeutic agents, including drugs, stem cells, and nucleic acids, for effective increase in bone mass and favorable osteogenesis. The summarized important guidelines are believed to promote clinical development and translation of hydrogels for the efficient treatment of OP and OP-related bone damages toward improved life quality of millions of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zheng
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study and School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Cuiyun Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study and School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study and School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Wang Z, Wu J, Shi X, Song F, Gao W, Liu S. Stereocomplexation of Poly(Lactic acid) and Chemical Crosslinking of Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA) Double-Crosslinked Temperature/pH Dual Responsive Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2204. [PMID: 32992974 PMCID: PMC7599924 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking were used to further improve the mechanical properties and stability of the gel. A temperature/pH dual sensitive and double-crosslinked gel was prepared by the stereo-complex of HEMA-PLLA20 and HEMA-PDLA20 as a physical crosslinking agent, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a chemical crosslinking agent, and azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator for free radical polymerization. This paper focused on the performance comparison of chemical crosslinked gel, a physical crosslinked gel, and a dual crosslinked gel. The water absorption, temperature, and pH sensitivity of the three hydrogels were studied by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and swelling performance research. We used a thermal analysis system (TGA) and dynamic viscoelastic spectrometer to study thermal properties and mechanical properties of these gels. Lastly, the in vitro drug release behavior of double-crosslinked hydrogel loaded with doxorubicin under different conditions was studied. The results show that the double-crosslinked and temperature/pH dual responsive hydrogels has great mechanical properties and good stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (Z.W.); (J.W.); (X.S.); (F.S.); (W.G.)
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