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Rodprasert W, Virtanen HE, Toppari J. Cryptorchidism and puberty. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1347435. [PMID: 38532895 PMCID: PMC10963523 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1347435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptorchidism is the condition in which one or both testes have not descended adequately into the scrotum. The congenital form of cryptorchidism is one of the most prevalent urogenital anomalies in male newborns. In the acquired form of cryptorchidism, the testis that was previously descended normally is no longer located in the scrotum. Cryptorchidism is associated with an increased risk of infertility and testicular germ cell tumors. However, data on pubertal progression are less well-established because of the limited number of studies. Here, we aim to review the currently available data on pubertal development in boys with a history of non-syndromic cryptorchidism-both congenital and acquired cryptorchidism. The review is focused on the timing of puberty, physical changes, testicular growth, and endocrine development during puberty. The available evidence demonstrated that the timing of the onset of puberty in boys with a history of congenital cryptorchidism does not differ from that of non-cryptorchid boys. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal hormone measurements showed an impaired function or fewer Sertoli cells and/or germ cells among boys with a history of cryptorchidism, particularly with a history of bilateral cryptorchidism treated with orchiopexy. Leydig cell function is generally not affected in boys with a history of cryptorchidism. Data on pubertal development among boys with acquired cryptorchidism are lacking; therefore, more research is needed to investigate pubertal progression among such boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiwat Rodprasert
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena E. Virtanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Vezzoli V, Hrvat F, Goggi G, Federici S, Cangiano B, Quinton R, Persani L, Bonomi M. Genetic architecture of self-limited delayed puberty and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1069741. [PMID: 36726466 PMCID: PMC9884699 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1069741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing between self limited delayed puberty (SLDP) and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) may be tricky as they share clinical and biochemical characteristics. and appear to lie within the same clinical spectrum. However, one is classically transient (SDLP) while the second is typically a lifetime condition (CHH). The natural history and long-term outcomes of these two conditions differ significantly and thus command distinctive approaches and management. Because the first presentation of SDLP and CHH is very similar (delayed puberty with low LH and FSH and low sex hormones), the scientific community is scrambling to identify diagnostic tests that can allow a correct differential diagnosis among these two conditions, without having to rely on the presence or absence of phenotypic red flags for CHH that clinicians anyway seem to find hard to process. Despite the heterogeneity of genetic defects so far reported in DP, genetic analysis through next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) had the potential to contribute to the differential diagnostic process between SLDP and CHH. In this review we will provide an up-to-date overview of the genetic architecture of these two conditions and debate the benefits and the bias of performing genetic analysis seeking to effectively differentiate between these two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Vezzoli
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Faris Hrvat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Goggi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Federici
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Biagio Cangiano
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Quinton
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Bonomi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Abbara A, Koysombat K, Phylactou M, Eng PC, Clarke S, Comninos AN, Yang L, Izzi-Engbeaya C, Hanassab S, Smith N, Jayasena CN, Xu C, Quinton R, Pitteloud N, Binder G, Anand-Ivell R, Ivell R, Dhillo WS. Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) in congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH) in boys with delayed puberty and adult men. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1076984. [PMID: 36523592 PMCID: PMC9745113 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1076984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed puberty in males is almost invariably associated with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) or congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH). Establishing the cause at presentation is challenging, with "red flag" features of CHH commonly overlooked. Thus, several markers have been evaluated in both the basal state or after stimulation e.g. with gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa).Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a constitutive secretory product of Leydig cells and thus a possible candidate marker, but there have been limited data examining its role in distinguishing CDGP from CHH. In this manuscript, we assess INSL3 and inhibin B (INB) in two cohorts: 1. Adolescent boys with delayed puberty due to CDGP or CHH and 2. Adult men, both eugonadal and having CHH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective cohort studies of 60 boys with CDGP or CHH, as well as 44 adult men who were either eugonadal or had CHH, in whom INSL3, INB, testosterone and gonadotrophins were measured. Cohort 1: Boys with delayed puberty aged 13-17 years (51 with CDGP and 9 with CHH) who had GnRHa stimulation (subcutaneous triptorelin 100mcg), previously reported with respect to INB. Cohort 2: Adult cohort of 44 men (22 eugonadal men and 22 men with CHH), previously reported with respect to gonadotrophin responses to kisspeptin-54. RESULTS Median INSL3 was higher in boys with CDGP than CHH (0.35 vs 0.15 ng/ml; p=0.0002). Similarly, in adult men, median INSL3 was higher in eugonadal men than CHH (1.08 vs 0.05 ng/ml; p<0.0001). However, INSL3 more accurately differentiated CHH in adult men than in boys with delayed puberty (auROC with 95% CI in adult men: 100%, 100-100%; boys with delayed puberty: 86.7%, 77.7-95.7%).Median INB was higher in boys with CDGP than CHH (182 vs 59 pg/ml; p<0.0001). Likewise, in adult men, median INB was higher in eugonadal men than CHH (170 vs 36.5 pg/ml; p<0.0001). INB performed better than INSL3 in differentiating CHH in boys with delayed puberty (auROC 98.5%, 95.9-100%), than in adult men (auROC 93.9%, 87.2-100%). CONCLUSION INSL3 better identifies CHH in adult men, whereas INB better identifies CHH in boys with delayed puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abbara
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kanyada Koysombat
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Phylactou
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pei Chia Eng
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Clarke
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander N. Comninos
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Yang
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chioma Izzi-Engbeaya
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Hanassab
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Smith
- Kallmann Syndrome Patient Support Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - Channa N. Jayasena
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Xu
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Richard Quinton
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Nelly Pitteloud
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Binder
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, University Children’s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Richard Ivell
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Richard Ivell, ; Waljit S. Dhillo,
| | - Waljit S. Dhillo
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Richard Ivell, ; Waljit S. Dhillo,
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Attia MS, Mahmoud SA, Ahmed AM, Amin TA, Youssef AO, Amin MA, Abou-Omar MN, Mohamed EH. Tb 3+-atorvastatin doped in poly(ethylene glycol) optical biosensor for selective determination of progesterone and testosterone in serum samples. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33326-33333. [PMID: 35497545 PMCID: PMC9042288 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05860f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An innovative, simple and cost effective Tb3+-atorvastatin photo probe was designed and used as a core for a spectrofluorometric approach to sensitively determine two vital biological compounds in serum samples. Tb3+-atorvastatin complex displays a characteristic electrical band with λ em at 545 nm with significant luminescence intensity, which is quenched in the presence of progesterone and testosterone at two variant sets of pH; 6.2 and 7.5, respectively. The conditions were optimized and the best solvent for operation was found to be acetonitrile with λ ex at 320 nm. Progesterone and testosterone were assessed in serum samples using the same optimal conditions within concentration ranges of 2 × 10-9 to 2.9 × 10-6 and 3.1 × 10-9 to 4.8 × 10-6 mol L-1, respectively. The proposed luminescence method was validated in accordance to ICH guidelines and found to be accurate, precise and specific and free from any interference. The cost effectiveness and applicability of the method make it a good choice for routine analysis of the two compounds and early diagnosis of chronic diseases associated with abnormalities in their physiological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Attia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt +202 1229867311 +202 1060819022
| | - Safwat A Mahmoud
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal M Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt +202 1229867311 +202 1060819022
| | - Tarek A Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt +202 1229867311 +202 1060819022
| | - Ahmed O Youssef
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt +202 1229867311 +202 1060819022
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Collage of Science, Taif University P. O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona N Abou-Omar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Ekram H Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Analytical, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt El Sherouk City Cairo 11837 Egypt
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Johannsen TH, Ljubicic ML, Young J, Trabado S, Petersen JH, Linneberg A, Albrethsen J, Juul A. Serum insulin-like factor 3 quantification by LC-MS/MS in male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and Klinefelter syndrome. Endocrine 2021; 71:578-585. [PMID: 33483888 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is an emerging testicular marker, yet larger studies elucidating the clinical role of INSL3 in patients with hypogonadism are lacking. The aim was to describe serum INSL3 concentrations analyzed by LC-MS/MS methodology in males with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and Klinefelter syndrome (KS). METHODS This was a combined study from two tertiary centers in Denmark and France analyzing INSL3 concentrations by LC-MS/MS. In total, 103 patients with HH and 82 patients with KS were grouped into treated (HH: n = 96; KS: n = 71) or untreated (HH: n = 7; KS: n = 11). Treatment modalities included testosterone and hCG. Serum concentrations and standard deviation (SD) scores of INSL3, total testosterone, and LH according to age and treatment were evaluated. RESULTS In both HH and KS, INSL3 concentrations were low. In HH, INSL3 was low regardless of treatment, except for some hCG-treated patients with normal concentrations. In untreated HH, testosterone was low, while normal to high in most testosterone- and hCG-treated patients. In untreated KS, INSL3 and testosterone concentrations were low to normal, while in testosterone-treated KS, serum INSL3 was low in most patients. INSL3 SD scores were significantly lower in untreated HH than in untreated KS (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The dichotomy between lower INSL3 and higher testosterone concentrations, particularly observed in hCG-treated patients with HH, confirms that INSL3 is a different marker of Leydig cell function than testosterone. However, the clinical application of INSL3 in males with hypogonadism remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Holm Johannsen
- Dept. of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
- Dept. of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacques Young
- Paris-Saclay University and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Séverine Trabado
- Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Hormonology, Inserm U1185, Université Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jørgen Holm Petersen
- Dept. of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Albrethsen
- Dept. of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Dept. of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Persani L, Bonomi M, Cools M, Dattani M, Dunkel L, Gravholt CH, Juul A. ENDO-ERN expert opinion on the differential diagnosis of pubertal delay. Endocrine 2021; 71:681-688. [PMID: 33512657 PMCID: PMC8016789 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The differential diagnoses of pubertal delay include hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH), as well as constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). Distinguishing between CDGP and CHH may be challenging, and the scientific community has been struggling to develop diagnostic tests that allow an accurate differential diagnosis. Indeed, an adequate and timely management is critical in order to enable optimal clinical and psychosocial outcomes of the different forms of pubertal delays. In this review, we provide an updated insight on the differential diagnoses of pubertal delay, including the available tests, their meanings and accuracy, as well as some clues to effectively orientate towards either constitutional pubertal delay or pathologic CHH and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Persani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Bonomi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Martine Cools
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University and Pediatric Endocrinology Service, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mehul Dattani
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Leo Dunkel
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Claus H Gravholt
- Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
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Attia MS, Ahmed AM, Amin TA, Youssef AO, Amin MA, Mohamed EH, Mahmoud SA, Abou-Omar MN. New Tb 3+–simvastatin optical biosensor for sensitive determination of folic acid, progesterone, testosterone and vitamin D 3 in biological fluids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:32861-32872. [PMID: 35493587 PMCID: PMC9042109 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05368j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An innovative, simple and cost effective Tb3+–simvastatin photo probe was designed and used as a core for a spectrofluorometric approach to sensitively determine four vital biological compounds in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Attia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Amal M. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Tarek A. Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed. O. Youssef
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Collage of Science, Taif University, P. O. BOX 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ekram H. Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Analytical, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, 11837, El Sherouk City, Egypt
| | - Safwat A. Mahmoud
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona N. Abou-Omar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Jin LY, Guo C, Xu S, Liu HY, Li XF. The Role of Estrogen Receptor α in Response to Longitudinal Bone Growth in ob/ob Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:749449. [PMID: 34925230 PMCID: PMC8671758 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.749449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of leptin results in contrasting growth pattern of appendicular and axial bone growth in ob/ob mice. Endochondral bone formation is an important procedure of growth plate determining the bone growth, where this procedure is also regulated by estrogen and its receptor (ER) signaling pathway. The present study is undertaken to explore the roles of ERs in regulating the different growth patterns in ob/ob mice. In this study, C57BL/6 female mice were used as wild-type (WT) mice; ob/ob mice and WT mice were age-matched fed, and bone length is analyzed by X-ray plain film at the 12 weeks old. We confirm that ob/ob mice have shorter femoral length and longer spine length than WT mice (p < 0.05). The contrasting expression patterns of chondrocyte proliferation proteins and hypertrophic marker proteins are also observed from the femur and spinal growth plate of ob/ob mice compared with WT mice (p < 0.01). Spearman's analysis showed that body length (axial and appendicular length) is positively related to the expression level of ERα in growth plate. Three-week-old female ob/ob mice are randomized divided into three groups: 1) ob/ob + ctrl, 2) ob/ob + ERα antagonist (MPP), and 3) ob/ob + ERβ antagonist (PHTPP). Age-matched C57BL/6 mice were also divided into three groups, same as the groups of ob/ob mice. MPP and PHTPP were administered by intraperitoneal injection for 6 weeks. However, the results of X-ray and H&E staining demonstrate that leptin deficiency seems to disturb the regulating effects of ER antagonists on longitudinal bone growth. These findings suggested that region-specific expression of ERα might be associated with contrasting phenotypes of axial and appendicular bone growth in ob/ob mice. However, ER signaling on longitudinal bone growth was blunted by leptin deficiency in ob/ob mice, and the underlying association between ERs and leptin needs to be explored in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yu Jin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Ying Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Feng Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Toppari J. Insulin-like Factor 3 Emerges from the Shadow of Testosterone as a Leydig Cell Biomarker. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e370-e371. [PMID: 32895712 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorma Toppari
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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