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Ren X, Amarajeewa AWP, Jayasinghe MDT, Garstka MA. Differences in F pocket impact on HLA I genetic associations with autoimmune diabetes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342335. [PMID: 38596688 PMCID: PMC11003304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) I molecules present antigenic peptides to activate CD8+ T cells. Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an auto-immune disease caused by aberrant activation of the CD8+ T cells that destroy insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Some HLA I alleles were shown to increase the risk of T1D (T1D-predisposing alleles), while some reduce this risk (T1D-protective alleles). Methods Here, we compared the T1D-predisposing and T1D-protective allotypes concerning peptide binding, maturation, localization and surface expression and correlated it with their sequences and energetic profiles using experimental and computational methods. Results T1D-predisposing allotypes had more peptide-bound forms and higher plasma membrane levels than T1D-protective allotypes. This was related to the fact that position 116 within the F pocket was more conserved and made more optimal contacts with the neighboring residues in T1D-predisposing allotypes than in protective allotypes. Conclusion Our work uncovers that specific polymorphisms in HLA I molecules potentially influence their susceptibility to T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ren
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Core Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - A. W. Peshala Amarajeewa
- Core Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Malgorzata A. Garstka
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Core Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Tumor and Immunology, Precision Medical Institute, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Noble JA, Besançon S, Sidibé AT, Rozemuller EH, Rijkers M, Dadkhodaie F, de Bruin H, Kooij J, Martin HRN, Ogle GD, Mack SJ. Complete HLA genotyping of type 1 diabetes patients and controls from Mali reveals both expected and novel disease associations. HLA 2024; 103:e15319. [PMID: 38226399 PMCID: PMC10863981 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
HLA genotyping was performed on 99 type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients and 200 controls from Mali. Next-generation sequencing of the classical HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DRB5, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1, and -DPB1 loci revealed strong T1D association for all loci except HLA-C and -DPA1. Class II association is stronger than class I association, with most observed associations predisposing or protective as expected based on previous studies. For example, HLA-DRB1*03:01, HLA-DRB1*09:01, and HLA-DRB1*04:05 predispose for T1D, whereas HLA-DRB1*15:03 is protective. HLA-DPB1*04:02 (OR = 12.73, p = 2.92 × 10-05 ) and HLA-B*27:05 (OR = 21.36, p = 3.72 × 10-05 ) appear highly predisposing, although previous studies involving multiple populations have reported HLA-DPB1*04:02 as T1D-protective and HLA-B*27:05 as neutral. This result may reflect the linkage disequilibrium between alleles on the extended HLA-A*24:02~HLA-B*27:05~HLA-C*02:02~HLA-DRB1*04:05~HLA-DRB4*01:03~HLA-DQB1*02:02~HLA-DQA1*02:01~HLA-DPB1*04:02~HLA-DPA1*01:03 haplotype in this population rather than an effect of either allele itself. Individual amino acid (AA) analyses are consistent with most T1D association attributable to HLA class II rather than class I in this data set. AA-level analyses reveal previously undescribed differences of the HLA-C locus from the HLA-A and HLA-B loci, with more polymorphic positions, spanning a larger portion of the gene. This may reflect additional mechanisms for HLA-C to influence T1D risk, for example, through expression differences or through its role as the dominant ligand for killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). Comparison of these data to those from larger studies and on other populations may facilitate T1D prediction and help elucidate elusive mechanisms of how HLA contributes to T1D risk and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle A Noble
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Harper R N Martin
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Graham D Ogle
- Life for a Child Program, Diabetes Australia, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steven J Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, California, USA
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Song R, Xie L, Ding J, Chen Y, Zou H, Pang H, Peng Y, Xia Y, Xie Z, Li X, Xiao Y, Zhou Z, Hu J. Association of RPS26 gene polymorphism with different types of diabetes in Chinese individuals. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:34-43. [PMID: 38041572 PMCID: PMC10759724 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Different types of diabetes show distinct genetic characteristics, but the specific genetic susceptibility factors remain unclear. Our study aimed to explore the associations between the ribosomal protein S26 (RPS26) gene rs1131017 polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese Han population, and their correlations with clinical features. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotyping of the rs1131017 variant was carried out for 1,006 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients, 210 LADA patients, 642 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 2,099 control individuals. RESULTS We found that the rs1131017 C allele was a risk locus for both type 1 diabetes mellitus and LADA (odds ratio [OR] 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33-1.69, P < 0.001; OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.04-1.64, P = 0.021, respectively). Nevertheless, this association was not found for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Carrying the C allele genotype was associated with a lower postprandial C-peptide for type 1 diabetes mellitus (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.11-1.80, P = 0.006) and lower fasting C-peptide for LADA (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.38, P = 0.047). Interestingly, a lower GC frequency was noted for LADA than for type 1 diabetes mellitus, regardless of classification based on age at diagnosis, C-peptide or glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity. CONCLUSIONS The RPS26 polymorphism was associated with susceptibility and clinical characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus and LADA in the Chinese population, but was not related to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, it might serve as a novel biomarker for particular types of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Lingxiang Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jin Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yan Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Hailan Zou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Haipeng Pang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yiman Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Ying Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xia Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yang Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jingyi Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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Okada S, Okada K, Okada J, Yamada E. Imeglimin Improved Plasma Glucose Levels in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults: Report of 2 Cases. JCEM CASE REPORTS 2024; 2:luad161. [PMID: 38116160 PMCID: PMC10729848 DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luad161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Imeglimin has not been well studied as an oral agent for the treatment of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). We treated 2 cases of LADA with imeglimin. The case 1 patient was originally diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at age 50 years and was treated with sulfonylurea, biguanide, canagliflozin, imeglimin, and dulaglutide. Before imeglimin, his glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) change was 94.0 mmol/mol (8.6%) in November 2022, but it dropped to 71.0 mmol/mol (6.5%) in May 2023 after imeglimin was added. The case 2 patient was originally diagnosed with T2D when she was aged 48 years. She was treated with vildagliptin, biguanide, luseogliflozin, and imeglimin. Her HbA1c before imeglimin was 92.9 mmol/mol (8.5%) in January 2023, which decreased to 75.4 mmol/mol (6.9%) in July 2023 after imeglimin was added. Although imeglimin has not been approved for treating type 1 diabetes and LADA, adding imeglimin to the current medication was effective in improving and controlling the patients' plasma glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Okada
- Department of Diabetes, Soleiyu Asahi Clinic, Maebashi Gunma 371-0014, Japan
| | - Kazuya Okada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tone Chuo Hospital, Numata Gunma 378-0012, Japan
| | - Junichi Okada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Eijiro Yamada
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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