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Hachemi Y, Rapp AE, Lee S, Dorn AK, Krüger BT, Kaiser K, Ignatius A, Tuckermann J. Intact Glucocorticoid Receptor Dimerization Is Deleterious in Trauma-Induced Impaired Fracture Healing. Front Immunol 2021; 11:628287. [PMID: 33679723 PMCID: PMC7927427 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.628287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following severe trauma, fracture healing is impaired because of overwhelming systemic and local inflammation. Glucocorticoids (GCs), acting via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), influence fracture healing by modulating the trauma-induced immune response. GR dimerization-dependent gene regulation is essential for the anti-inflammatory effects of GCs. Therefore, we investigated in a murine trauma model of combined femur fracture and thoracic trauma, whether effective GR dimerization influences the pathomechanisms of trauma-induced compromised fracture healing. To this end, we used mice with decreased GR dimerization ability (GRdim). The healing process was analyzed by cytokine/chemokine multiplex analysis, flow cytometry, gene-expression analysis, histomorphometry, micro-computed tomography, and biomechanical testing. GRdim mice did not display a systemic or local hyper-inflammation upon combined fracture and thorax trauma. Strikingly, we discovered that GRdim mice were protected from fracture healing impairment induced by the additional thorax trauma. Collectively and in contrast to previous studies describing the beneficial effects of intact GR dimerization in inflammatory models, we report here an adverse role of intact GR dimerization in trauma-induced compromised fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Hachemi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna E Rapp
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sooyeon Lee
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Dorn
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin T Krüger
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kaiser
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Wan H, Qian TY, Hu XJ, Huang CY, Yao WF. Correlation of Serum CCL3/MIP-1α Levels with Disease Severity in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Females. Balkan Med J 2018; 35:320-325. [PMID: 29666038 PMCID: PMC6060977 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2017.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The pro-inflammatory protein chemokine cytokine ligand 3 is well established as a vital regulator of bone resorption and osteoclast stimulation. Aims: To investigate if serum cytokine ligand 3 levels correlated with disease severity in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Eighty-two postmenopausal osteoporotic women, 76 postmenopausal non-osteoporotic women, and 80 healthy women of childbearing age were recruited. The total hip, femoral neck, and L1-L4 spine bone mineral density were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum cytokine ligand 3 concentrations were examined using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Serum inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and the bone metabolic markers, carboxy-terminal crosslinked and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b were also examined. Scores on both the visual analogue scale and the Oswestry Disability Index were utilized to assess clinical severity. Results: Patients in the postmenopausal osteoporotic group had significantly increased serum cytokine ligand 3 levels compared with those in both the postmenopausal non-osteoporotic group (40.9±15.1 pg/mL vs 24.2±8.7 pg/mL, p<0.001) and control group (40.9±15.1 pg/mL vs 23.9±9.1 pg/mL, p<0.001). Serum cytokine ligand 3 levels negatively correlated with bone mineral density at the total hip (r=-0.345, p=0.002), femoral neck (r=-0.329, p=0.003), and L1-L4 lumbar spine (r=-0.354, p=0.001) and positively correlated with visual analogue scale scores (r=0.413, p<0.001) and the Oswestry Disability Index (r=0.360, p<0.001). Moreover, serum cytokine ligand 3 levels were correlated with increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (r=0.305, p=0.005), interleukin-6 (r=0.288, p=0.008), terminal crosslinked and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (r=0.371, p<0.001), and carboxy-terminal crosslinked (r=0.317, p=0.004) levels. All correlations were still significant after adjusting for both body mass index and age. Conclusion: Chemokine cytokine ligand 3 may be a useful biomarker that can be used to predict disease severity of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Therapies targeting cytokine ligand 3 and its related signaling pathways to inhibit and delay the osteoclastogenesis process deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Tie-Yong Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Ci-You Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei-Feng Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Dalcq J, Pasque V, Ghaye A, Larbuisson A, Motte P, Martial JA, Muller M. RUNX3, EGR1 and SOX9B form a regulatory cascade required to modulate BMP-signaling during cranial cartilage development in zebrafish. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50140. [PMID: 23209659 PMCID: PMC3507947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cartilaginous elements forming the pharyngeal arches of the zebrafish derive from cranial neural crest cells. Their proper differentiation and patterning are regulated by reciprocal interactions between neural crest cells and surrounding endodermal, ectodermal and mesodermal tissues. In this study, we show that the endodermal factors Runx3 and Sox9b form a regulatory cascade with Egr1 resulting in transcriptional repression of the fsta gene, encoding a BMP antagonist, in pharyngeal endoderm. Using a transgenic line expressing a dominant negative BMP receptor or a specific BMP inhibitor (dorsomorphin), we show that BMP signaling is indeed required around 30 hpf in the neural crest cells to allow cell differentiation and proper pharyngeal cartilage formation. Runx3, Egr1, Sox9b and BMP signaling are required for expression of runx2b, one of the key regulator of cranial cartilage maturation and bone formation. Finally, we show that egr1 depletion leads to increased expression of fsta and inhibition of BMP signaling in the pharyngeal region. In conclusion, we show that the successive induction of the transcription factors Runx3, Egr1 and Sox9b constitutes a regulatory cascade that controls expression of Follistatin A in pharyngeal endoderm, the latter modulating BMP signaling in developing cranial cartilage in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dalcq
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-R, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Pasque
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-R, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Ghaye
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-R, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Larbuisson
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-R, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick Motte
- Plant Functional Genomics and Molecular Imaging and Center for Assistance in Technology of Microscopy, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Joseph A. Martial
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-R, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Muller
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-R, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Bone remodeling is characterized by spatial and temporal coupling of bone resorption and formation and is necessary for skeletal growth and normal bone structure maintenance. Imbalance of this process is related to metabolic bone disorders such as osteoporosis or rheumatoid arthritis. For this reason, bone remodeling is under the control of several local and systemic factors, including molecules of the immune system. The importance of the interplay of both the skeletal and immune systems is reflected by the emerging interdisciplinary research field, called osteoimmunology, focused on common aspects of osteology and immunology. This review focuses on the role of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines in bone remodeling and, in particular, a subfamily of chemotactic cytokines or chemokines which are involved not only in several aspects of physiological bone remodeling but also in pathological bone disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis or osteoporosis. Understanding the role of inflammation and chemokines will provide new insights for the treatment of diseases affecting both skeletal and immune systems, by the development of new therapeutic strategies targeting common inflammatory mediators.
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Xiang F, Bai M, Jin Y, Ma W, Xin J. Egr-1 mediates Si0(2)-driven transcription of membrane type I matrix metalloproteinase in macrophages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 27:13-6. [PMID: 17393098 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-007-0104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The up-regulation mechanism of membrane type I matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in macrophages stimulated by silica in vitro and the contribution of early growth response 1 (Egr-1) transcription factor in the gene expression pathway were investigated. Macrophages stimulated by silica were treated with Egr-1 antibody or Egr-1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). The levels of MT1-MMP proteins were determined by Western blot and the expression of MT1-MMP mRNAs was detected by RT-PCR. The results showed as compared with control macrophages, silica-stimulated group showed up-regulated gene expression of MT1-MMP via Egr-1 (P<0.01). Compared with silica-stimulated macrophages untreated with antibody, the cells treated with 5 microg/mL Egr-1 antibody were associated with reduced expression of MT1-MMP protein (P<0.01) and mRNA (P<0.01). Compared with silica-stimulated untransfected group, the Egr-1 "decoy" ODN group was associated with reduction in the expression of MT1-MMP protein and mRNA (P<0.01). It was concluded gene expression of MT1-MMP which may play a critical role in silicosis was up-regulated by silica in macrophages. Egr-1 participated in the expression of MT1-MMP and positively regulated the expression. Both Egr-1 antibody and Egr-1 decoy ODN suppressed the expression of MT1-MMP through the Egr-1 pathway and may become a potential therapeutic tool in the management of silicosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unton Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Weaver ICG, D'Alessio AC, Brown SE, Hellstrom IC, Dymov S, Sharma S, Szyf M, Meaney MJ. The transcription factor nerve growth factor-inducible protein a mediates epigenetic programming: altering epigenetic marks by immediate-early genes. J Neurosci 2007; 27:1756-68. [PMID: 17301183 PMCID: PMC2951014 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4164-06.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal care alters epigenetic programming of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene expression in the hippocampus, and increased postnatal maternal licking/grooming (LG) behavior enhances nerve growth factor-inducible protein A (NGFI-A) transcription factor binding to the exon 1(7) GR promoter within the hippocampus of the offspring. We tested the hypothesis that NGFI-A binding to the exon 1(7) GR promoter sequence marks this sequence for histone acetylation and DNA demethylation and that such epigenetic alterations subsequently influence NGFI-A binding and GR transcription. We report that (1) NGFI-A binding to its consensus sequence is inhibited by DNA methylation, (2) NGFI-A induces the activity of exon 1(7) GR promoter in a transient reporter assay, (3) DNA methylation inhibits exon 1(7) GR promoter activity, and (4) whereas NGFI-A interaction with the methylated exon 1(7) GR promoter is reduced, NGFI-A overexpression induces histone acetylation, DNA demethylation, and activation of the exon 1(7) GR promoter in transient transfection assays. Site-directed mutagenesis assays demonstrate that NGFI-A binding to the exon 1(7) GR promoter is required for such epigenetic reprogramming. In vivo, enhanced maternal LG is associated with increased NGFI-A binding to the exon 1(7) GR promoter in the hippocampus of pups, and NGFI-A-bound exon 1(7) GR promoter is unmethylated compared with unbound exon 1(7) GR promoter. Knockdown experiments of NGFI-A in hippocampal primary cell culture show that NGFI-A is required for serotonin-induced DNA demethylation and increased exon 1(7) GR promoter expression. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that NGFI-A participates in epigenetic programming of GR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C. G. Weaver
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4H 1R3, and
- McGill Program for the Study of Behaviour, Genes, and Environment and
| | - Ana C. D'Alessio
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Shelley E. Brown
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Ian C. Hellstrom
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4H 1R3, and
| | - Sergiy Dymov
- McGill Program for the Study of Behaviour, Genes, and Environment and
| | - Shakti Sharma
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4H 1R3, and
| | - Moshe Szyf
- McGill Program for the Study of Behaviour, Genes, and Environment and
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Michael J. Meaney
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4H 1R3, and
- McGill Program for the Study of Behaviour, Genes, and Environment and
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Laitala-Leinonen T, Väänänen HK. Decreased bone resorption, osteoclast differentiation, and expression of vacuolar H+-ATPase in antisense DNA-treated mouse metacarpal and calvaria cultures ex vivo. ANTISENSE & NUCLEIC ACID DRUG DEVELOPMENT 1999; 9:155-69. [PMID: 10355822 DOI: 10.1089/oli.1.1999.9.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Expression and function of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase, a key enzyme in bone resorption, were monitored in antisense DNA-treated bone organ cultures ex vivo. A novel fluoroimmunoassay was used to quantitate mRNA levels after treatment with various antisense, sense, or random DNA oligonucleotides. Conventional slot blots and in vitro translation experiments were used to monitor the efficiency of the antisense molecules. In cell cultures, the used antisense molecules were transported into osteoclasts and a population of mononuclear cells. A significant decrease in bone resorption and in the expression of the 16 kDa, 31 kDa, 42 kDa, 60 kDa, 70 kDa, and 116 kDa subunits of V-ATPase was seen after antisense treatment. Also, osteoclast differentiation was decreased in antisense-treated mouse metacarpal cultures. These data show that the proper function of V-ATPase in osteoclasts requires expression of the 16 kDa, 31 kDa, 42 kDa, 60 kDa, 70 kDa, and 116 kDa subunits of V-ATPase. Antisense DNA molecules can be used to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and function in tissue cultures, in which the physical and chemical cellular environment resembles that in vivo. However, more studies are needed to learn if antisense DNA molecules can be used for inhibiting bone resorption also in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Laitala-Leinonen
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
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