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Cruz Marino T, Villeneuve H, Leblanc J, Duranceau C, Caron P, Morin C, Milot M, Chrétien R, Gagnon MM, Mathieu J, Ellezam B, Buhas D. French-Canadian families from Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean: a new founder population for APECED. Endocrine 2022; 75:48-58. [PMID: 34846681 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is more prevalent in some founder populations, but relatively unexplored in Canada. This study aimed at investigating the French-Canadian patients through phenotypic and genotypic characterization. METHOD Phenotype and demographic characterization were done for 12 affected individuals belonging to eight unrelated families. Samples from 11 cases were analyzed in a molecular clinical laboratory, and muscle biopsies were reviewed for two individuals with a limb-girdle muscle dystrophy. RESULTS The clinical phenotype was similar to that observed in European Caucasian populations but differed in the non-endocrine spectrum from the American-reported series of cases. Two cases exhibited a limb-girdle muscle dystrophy, and we found preliminary evidence of a mitochondrial dysfunction, since all three biopsies examined showed COX-deficient fibers in excess of what would be expected for age. Electron microscopy showed mitochondrial accumulation without abnormal cristea or inclusions. The c.1616C > T variant in the AIRE gene was responsible for 100% of APECED cases in the French-Canadian population of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean in Quebec, Canada. CONCLUSIONS We report the first series of French-Canadian cases affected with APECED. The Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region was uncovered as a new founder population for this condition. Muscle biopsy findings expanded the range of previously described APECED-related myopathology. Long term follow-up of our genetically homogeneous French-Canadian cases may help determine if the c.1616C > T variant increases the risk of muscle involvement. A neonatal screening program is under consideration to prevent undesired life-threatening endocrine manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Cruz Marino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada.
| | - Hélène Villeneuve
- Department of Endocrinology, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Josianne Leblanc
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Duranceau
- Department of Endocrinology, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Caron
- Department of Endocrinology, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Charles Morin
- Department of Pediatrics, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Marcel Milot
- Department of Pediatrics, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Raphaëlle Chrétien
- Department of Pediatrics, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Maude-Marie Gagnon
- Clinique des Maladies Neuromusculaires, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Mathieu
- Department of Neurology, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Benjamin Ellezam
- Department of Pathology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniela Buhas
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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