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Xu X, Wang M, Wang Z, Chen Q, Chen X, Xu Y, Dai M, Wu B, Li Y. The bridge of the gut-joint axis: Gut microbial metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1007610. [PMID: 36275747 PMCID: PMC9583880 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by joint destruction, synovitis, and pannus formation. Gut microbiota dysbiosis may exert direct pathogenic effects on gut homeostasis. It may trigger the host's innate immune system and activate the "gut-joint axis", which exacerbates the RA. However, although the importance of the gut microbiota in the development and progression of RA is widely recognized, the mechanisms regulating the interactions between the gut microbiota and the host immune system remain incompletely defined. In this review, we discuss the role of gut microbiota-derived biological mediators, such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan metabolites, in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, immune balance and bone destruction in RA patients as the bridge of the gut-joint axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Zikang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xixuan Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingyue Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanping Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Fat Malabsorption and Ursodeoxycholic Acid Treatment in Children With Reduced Organic Solute Transporter-α (SLC51A) Expression. JPGN REPORTS 2022; 3. [PMID: 36148443 PMCID: PMC9491403 DOI: 10.1097/pg9.0000000000000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Evangelakos I, Kuhl A, Baguhl M, Schlein C, John C, Rohde JK, Heine M, Heeren J, Worthmann A. Cold-Induced Lipoprotein Clearance in Cyp7b1-Deficient Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:836741. [PMID: 35478959 PMCID: PMC9038073 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.836741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has emerged as an appealing therapeutic target for cardio metabolic diseases. BAT is a heat-producing organ and upon activation substantially lowers hyperlipidemia. In response to cold exposure, not only the uptake of lipids into BAT is increased but also the Cyp7b1-mediated synthesis of bile acids (BA) from cholesterol in the liver is triggered. In addition to their role for intestinal lipid digestion, BA act as endocrine signals that can activate thermogenesis in BAT. When exposed to cold temperatures, Cyp7b1−/− mice have compromised BAT function along with reduced fecal bile acid levels. Here, we aim to evaluate the role of Cyp7b1 for BAT-dependent lipid clearance. Using metabolic studies with radioactive tracers, we show that in response to a cold stimulus, BAT-mediated clearance of fatty acids derived from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), and their remnants are reduced in Cyp7b1−/− mice. The impaired lipid uptake can be explained by reduced BAT lipoprotein lipase (LPL) levels and compromised organ activity in Cyp7b1−/− mice, which may be linked to impaired insulin signaling. Overall, our findings reveal that alterations of systemic lipoprotein metabolism mediated by cold-activated BAT are dependent, at least in part, on CYP7Β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Evangelakos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kuhl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Baguhl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clara John
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia K. Rohde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Worthmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Anna Worthmann,
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Zhang Q, Chang X, Wang X, Zhan H, Gao Q, Yang M, Liu H, Li S, Sun Y. A metabolomic-based study on disturbance of bile acids metabolism induced by intratracheal instillation of nickel oxide nanoparticles in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:579-591. [PMID: 34141172 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel oxide nanoparticles (Nano NiO) evoke hepatotoxicity, while whether it affects the hepatic metabolism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the differential metabolites and their metabolic pathways in rat serum and to further verify the potential mechanism of bile acids' (BAs) metabolism dysregulation after Nano NiO exposure. Sixteen male Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with Nano NiO (0.24 mg/kg body weight) twice a week for 9 weeks. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was applied to filter the differentially expressed metabolites in rat serum. Western blot was employed to detect the protein contents. Twenty-one differential metabolites that associated with BAs, lipid and phospholipid metabolism pathways were identified in rat serum after Nano NiO exposure. Decreased cholic acid and deoxycholic acid implied that the BAs metabolism was disturbed. The nickel content increased in liver after Nano NiO exposure. The protein expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) was down-regulated, and the bile salt export pump was up-regulated after Nano NiO administration in rat liver. Moreover, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphotransferase (SULT2A1) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 were elevated in the exposure group. In conclusion, Nano NiO might trigger the disturbances of BAs, lipid and phospholipid metabolism pathways in rats. The diminished serum BAs induced by Nano NiO might be related to the down-regulation of synthetase and to the overexpression of transmembrane protein and detoxification enzymes in BAs metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haibing Zhan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yingbiao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Vitamin D, rickets and child abuse: controversies and evidence. Pediatr Radiol 2021; 51:1014-1022. [PMID: 33999242 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-020-04893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Suboptimal vitamin D status is a global health issue that affects children and adults worldwide. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency has been well documented in the pediatric population in the United States. Although vitamin D deficiency is common, radiographic findings are uncommon and can be subtle. Additionally, because of the high prevalence of pediatric vitamin D insufficiency, it is commonly identified in young children with fractures. However, the majority of pediatric fractures are caused by trauma to healthy bones. Some, especially in infants and toddlers, are caused by non-accidental trauma. A small percentage is related to medical disease, including those associated with disorders of collagen, disorders of mineralization, and non-fracture mimics. Despite the scientific evidence, among disorders of mineralization, non-rachitic disorders of vitamin D have become a popular non-scientific theory to explain the fractures identified in abused children. Although infants and young children with rickets can fracture bones, the vast majority of fractures identified in abused infants are not caused by bone disease. Here we present a review of the literature on bone disease in the setting of accidental and non-accidental trauma. This context can help physicians remain vigilant about identifying vulnerable young children whose injuries are caused by non-accidental trauma.
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Afkhami-Ardekani O, Afkhami-Ardekani A, Namiranian N, Afkhami-Ardekani M, Askari M. Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency in adult population of yazd - The sun province in center of Iran. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2843-2847. [PMID: 31425945 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) is one of impaired calcium absorption causes. It is associated with increased risk of several diseases. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence and predictors of VDI in Yazd. METHOD AND MATERIAL This cross sectional study was conducted on 700 participant aged between 20 and 70 years old on second phase of the Iranian Multi-Center Osteoporosis Study (IMOS) in Yazd province. All analyzes were performed with the SPSS 20 and Stata 14.1 software. Chi-squared test, Pearson correlation and binary logistic regression were used. A significance level was considered for all tests P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of VDI was 55.1% (51.37-58.87%) in total participant of this study. Predictors of VDI including: age 31-45 years old (OR = 1.68, CI = 1.04-2.70), female (OR = 3.49, CI = 1.80-6.78), live in the apartment houses (OR = 2.15, CI = 1.06-4.35), inability of climbing of steps (OR = 2.59, CI = 1.17-5.69), serum Calcium (OR = 0.53, CI = 0.34-0.81) and serum PTH (OR = 1.04, CI = 1.02-1.06). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of VDI in Yazd is high. It is recommended to people that to be exposed to sunlight per day. And people should consumption vitamin D supplements under their physician.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nasim Namiranian
- Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Askari
- Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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