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Prerna, Chadha J, Khullar L, Mudgil U, Harjai K. A comprehensive review on the pharmacological prospects of Terpinen-4-ol: From nature to medicine and beyond. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106051. [PMID: 38838826 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their extensive biological potential, essential oils (EOs) and their bioactive phytochemicals have gained attention from the scientific community. Within this domain, Terpinen-4-ol (T-4-ol), a bioactive monoterpene alcohol and the major constituent of tea tree oil (TTO), has made its way into translational research. Recent literature on T-4-ol strongly indicates its diverse pharmacological properties, including but not limited to antimicrobial, antivirulent, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, and anti-cancer effects. Hence, this review is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the sources, bioavailability, safety, pharmaceutical delivery systems, and multifaceted biological properties of T-4-ol, emphasizing its medicinal potential for widescale application. The antibacterial and antifungal effectiveness of T-4-ol has been discussed, encompassing its role in combating a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal pathogens. The review delves into the antivirulent prospects of T-4-ol, shedding light on its ability to attenuate virulence and mitigate bacterial pathogenesis. Scientific literature on the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of T-4-ol highlighting its role in neutralizing reactive oxygen species and modulating inflammatory pathways has also been collated. Furthermore, the review elaborates on the cardioprotective and anti-hypertensive properties of T-4-ol and augments literature on its anti-cancer mechanism against various cancer cell lines. The review also provides in-depth knowledge of the pharmaceutical formulations of T-4-ol and recent knowledge about its application in clinical/field trials. The exploration of these diverse attributes positions T-4-ol as a promising candidate for further research and therapeutic repurposing in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jatin Chadha
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lavanya Khullar
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Umang Mudgil
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Karakoti H, Mahawer SK, Tewari M, Kumar R, Prakash O, de Oliveira MS, Rawat DS. Phytochemical Profile, In Vitro Bioactivity Evaluation, In Silico Molecular Docking and ADMET Study of Essential Oils of Three Vitex Species Grown in Tarai Region of Uttarakhand. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101911. [PMID: 36290633 PMCID: PMC9598352 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative study of volatiles, antioxidant activity, phytotoxic activity, as well as in silico molecular docking and ADMET study, was conducted for essential oils from three Vitex species, viz., V. agnus-castus, V. negundo, and V. trifolia. Essential oils (OEs) extracted by hydrodistillation were subjected to compositional analysis using GC-MS. A total number of 37, 45, and 43 components were identified in V. agnus-castus, V. negundo, and V. trifolia, respectively. The antioxidant activity of EOs, assessed using different radical-scavenging (DPPH, H2O2 and NO), reducing power, and metal chelating assays, were found to be significant as compared with those of the standards. The phytotoxic potential of the EOs was performed in the receptor species Raphanusraphanistrum (wild radish) and the EOs showed different levels of intensity of seed germination inhibition and root and shoot length inhibition. The molecular docking study was conducted to screen the antioxidant and phytotoxic activity of the major and potent compounds against human protein target, peroxiredoxin 5, and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase protein (HPPD). Results showed good binding affinities and attributed the strongest inhibitory activity to 13-epi-manoyl oxide for both the target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Karakoti
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sonu Kumar Mahawer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Monika Tewari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ravendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (M.S.d.O.)
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira
- Campus de Pesquisa-Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi-Botany Coordination, Av. Perimetral, 1901-Terra Firme, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (M.S.d.O.)
| | - Dharmendra Singh Rawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
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Alves-Silva JM, Zuzarte M, Girão H, Salgueiro L. The Role of Essential Oils and Their Main Compounds in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123506. [PMID: 34207498 PMCID: PMC8227493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global health burden that greatly impact patient quality of life and account for a huge number of deaths worldwide. Despite current therapies, several side effects have been reported that compromise patient adherence; thus, affecting therapeutic benefits. In this context, plant metabolites, namely volatile extracts and compounds, have emerged as promising therapeutic agents. Indeed, these compounds, in addition to having beneficial bioactivities, are generally more amenable and present less side effects, allowing better patient tolerance. The present review is an updated compilation of the studies carried out in the last 20 years on the beneficial potential of essential oils, and their compounds, against major risk factors of CVDs. Overall, these metabolites show beneficial potential through a direct effect on these risk factors, namely hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, or by acting on related targets, or exerting general cellular protection. In general, monoterpenic compounds are the most studied regarding hypotensive and anti-dyslipidemic/antidiabetic properties, whereas phenylpropanoids are very effective at avoiding platelet aggregation. Despite the number of studies performed, clinical trials are sparse and several aspects related to essential oil’s features, namely volatility and chemical variability, need to be considered in order to guarantee their efficacy in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M. Alves-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.M.A.-S.); (M.Z.); (H.G.)
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.M.A.-S.); (M.Z.); (H.G.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.M.A.-S.); (M.Z.); (H.G.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Monoterpenoid terpinen-4-ol inhibits voltage-dependent Na+ channels of small dorsal root ganglia rat neurons. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 315:108890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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da Cunha JA, Bandeira Junior G, da Silva EG, de Ávila Scheeren C, Fausto VP, Salbego J, de Almeida Vaucher R, de Vargas AC, Baldisserotto B. The survival and hepatic and muscle glucose and lactate levels of Rhamdia quelen inoculated with Aeromonas hydrophila and treated with terpinen-4-ol, carvacrol or thymol. Microb Pathog 2019; 127:220-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nuutinen T. Medicinal properties of terpenes found in Cannabis sativa and Humulus lupulus. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:198-228. [PMID: 30096653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cannabaceae plants Cannabis sativa L. and Humulus lupulus L. are rich in terpenes - both are typically comprised of terpenes as up to 3-5% of the dry-mass of the female inflorescence. Terpenes of cannabis and hops are typically simple mono- and sesquiterpenes derived from two and three isoprene units, respectively. Some terpenes are relatively well known for their potential in biomedicine and have been used in traditional medicine for centuries, while others are yet to be studied in detail. The current, comprehensive review presents terpenes found in cannabis and hops. Terpenes' medicinal properties are supported by numerous in vitro, animal and clinical trials and show anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anticancer, antitumor, neuroprotective, anti-mutagenic, anti-allergic, antibiotic and anti-diabetic attributes, among others. Because of the very low toxicity, these terpenes are already widely used as food additives and in cosmetic products. Thus, they have been proven safe and well-tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarmo Nuutinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Univerisity of Eastern Finland (UEF), Finland; Department of Physics and Mathematics, UEF, Finland.
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Mendel M, Chłopecka M, Dziekan N, Karlik W. Phytogenic feed additives as potential gut contractility modifiers—A review. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Maia MON, Dantas CG, Xavier Filho L, Cândido EAF, Gomes MZ. The Effect ofAlpinia zerumbetEssential Oil on Post-Stroke Muscle Spasticity. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 118:58-62. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Gomes Dantas
- Tiradentes University; Aracaju/SE Brazil
- Research and Technology Institute (ITP); Aracaju/SE Brazil
| | - Lauro Xavier Filho
- Tiradentes University; Aracaju/SE Brazil
- Research and Technology Institute (ITP); Aracaju/SE Brazil
| | | | - Margarete Zanardo Gomes
- Tiradentes University; Aracaju/SE Brazil
- Research and Technology Institute (ITP); Aracaju/SE Brazil
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Maia-Joca RPM, Joca HC, Ribeiro FJP, do Nascimento RV, Silva-Alves KS, Cruz JS, Coelho-de-Souza AN, Leal-Cardoso JH. Investigation of terpinen-4-ol effects on vascular smooth muscle relaxation. Life Sci 2014; 115:52-8. [PMID: 25219882 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the mechanisms underlying the vascular effects of terpinen-4-ol in isolated rat aortic ring preparations. MAIN METHODS The thoracic aortae of healthy rats were submitted to isometric tension recording. Membrane resting potential and input membrane resistance were measured by conventional microelectrode technique. KEY FINDINGS Terpinen-4-ol reversibly relaxed endothelium-containing preparations pre-contracted with high K(+) and phenylephrine with IC50 values of 421.43 μM and 802.50 μM, respectively. These effects were significantly reduced by vascular endothelium removal. In Ca(2+)-free and high K(+) (80 mM) medium, the contractions produced by Ba(2+) were reduced by terpinen-4-ol (100-1000 μM) in a concentration-dependent manner. In aortic rings maintained under Ca(2+)-free conditions, terpinen-4-ol significantly reduced the contractions induced by either phenylephrine (1 μM) or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (1 μM). Terpinen-4-ol (10-1000 μM) also relaxed the contractions evoked by BAYK-8644 (3 μM) with an IC50 of 454.23 μM. Neither membrane resting potential nor input resistance of smooth muscle cells was altered by terpinen-4-ol exposure. SIGNIFICANCE The present results suggest that terpinen-4-ol induced vascular smooth muscle relaxation that was preferentially due to the inhibition of electromechanical pathways related to calcium influx through voltage-operated calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Humberto Cavalcante Joca
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jader S Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Santos BA, Roman-Campos D, Carvalho MS, Miranda FMF, Carneiro DC, Cavalcante PH, Cândido EAF, Filho LX, Cruz JS, Gondim ANS. Cardiodepressive effect elicited by the essential oil of Alpinia speciosa is related to L-type Ca²+ current blockade. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:539-543. [PMID: 21112750 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Revised: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of the essential oil from Alpinia speciosa (EOAs) on cardiac contractility and the underlying mechanisms. The essential oil was obtained from Alpinia speciosa leaves and flowers and the oil was analyzed by GC-MS method. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of at least 18 components. Terpinen-4-ol and 1,8-cineole corresponded to 38% and 18% of the crude oil, respectively. The experiments were conducted on spontaneously-beating right atria and on electrically stimulated left atria isolated from adult rats. The effect of EOAs on the isometric contractions and cardiac frequency in vitro was examined. EOAs decreased rat left atrial force of contraction with an EC₅₀ of 292.2±75.7 μg/ml. Nifedipine, a well known L-type Ca²+ blocker, inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner left atrial force of contraction with an EC₅₀ of 12.1±3.5 μg/ml. Sinus rhythm was diminished by EOAs with an EC₅₀ of 595.4±56.2 μg/ml. Whole-cell L-type Ca²+ currents were recorded by using the patch-clamp technique. EOAs at 25 μg/ml decreased I(Ca,L) by 32.6±9.2% and at 250 μg/ml it decreased by 89.3±7.4%. Thus, inhibition of L-type Ca²+ channels is involved in the cardiodepressive effect elicited by the essential oil of Alpinia speciosa in rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Santos
- Laboratório de Biofísica e Farmacologia do Coração, Departamento de Educação - Campus XII, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil
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Oliveira FDS, De Sousa DP, de Almeida RN. Antinociceptive Effect of Hydroxydihydrocarvone. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:588-91. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica/Universidade Federal da Paraíba
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