1
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Shi Y, Reker D, Byrne JD, Kirtane AR, Hess K, Wang Z, Navamajiti N, Young CC, Fralish Z, Zhang Z, Lopes A, Soares V, Wainer J, von Erlach T, Miao L, Langer R, Traverso G. Screening oral drugs for their interactions with the intestinal transportome via porcine tissue explants and machine learning. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:278-290. [PMID: 38378821 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In vitro systems that accurately model in vivo conditions in the gastrointestinal tract may aid the development of oral drugs with greater bioavailability. Here we show that the interaction profiles between drugs and intestinal drug transporters can be obtained by modulating transporter expression in intact porcine tissue explants via the ultrasound-mediated delivery of small interfering RNAs and that the interaction profiles can be classified via a random forest model trained on the drug-transporter relationships. For 24 drugs with well-characterized drug-transporter interactions, the model achieved 100% concordance. For 28 clinical drugs and 22 investigational drugs, the model identified 58 unknown drug-transporter interactions, 7 of which (out of 8 tested) corresponded to drug-pharmacokinetic measurements in mice. We also validated the model's predictions for interactions between doxycycline and four drugs (warfarin, tacrolimus, digoxin and levetiracetam) through an ex vivo perfusion assay and the analysis of pharmacologic data from patients. Screening drugs for their interactions with the intestinal transportome via tissue explants and machine learning may help to expedite drug development and the evaluation of drug safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Shi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Reker
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James D Byrne
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ameya R Kirtane
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Hess
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhuyi Wang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Natsuda Navamajiti
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Cameron C Young
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary Fralish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zilu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aaron Lopes
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vance Soares
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacob Wainer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas von Erlach
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lei Miao
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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Wang Y, Li Z, Bao Y, Cui H, Li J, Song B, Wang M, Li H, Cui X, Chen Y, Chen W, Yang S, Yang Y, Jin Z, Si X, Li B. Colon-targeted delivery of polyphenols: construction principles, targeting mechanisms and evaluation methods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37823723 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2266842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have received considerable attention for their promotive effects on colonic health. However, polyphenols are mostly sensitive to harsh gastrointestinal environments, thus, must be protected. It is necessary to design and develop a colon-targeted delivery system to improve the stability, colon-targeting and bioavailability of polyphenols. This paper mainly introduces research on colon-targeted controlled release of polyphenols. The physiological features affecting the dissolution, release and absorption of polyphenol-loaded delivery systems in the colon are first discussed. Simultaneously, the types of colon-targeted carriers with different release mechanisms are described, and colon-targeting assessment models that have been studied so far and their advantages and limitations are summarized. Based on the current research on polyphenols colon-targeting, outlook and reflections are proposed, with the goal of inspiring strategic development of new colon-targeted therapeutics to ensure that the polyphenols reach the colon with complete bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidi Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yiwen Bao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huijun Cui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Baoge Song
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haikun Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xingyue Cui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Faculty of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shufang Yang
- Zhejiang Lanmei Technology Co., Ltd, Zhu-ji City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiyun Yang
- Zhejiang Lanmei Technology Co., Ltd, Zhu-ji City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhufeng Jin
- Zhejiang Lanmei Technology Co., Ltd, Zhu-ji City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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3
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Daoud I, Mesli F, Melkemi N, Ghalem S, Salah T. Discovery of potential SARS-CoV 3CL protease inhibitors from approved antiviral drugs using: virtual screening, molecular docking, pharmacophore mapping evaluation and dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:12574-12591. [PMID: 34541995 PMCID: PMC8459931 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1973563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The spread of corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been faster than any other corona-viruses that have succeeded in crossing the animal-human barrier. This disease, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV) posing a serious threat to global public health and local economies. There are three responsible for this disease; SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Whereas our goal is to test the affinity for a new class of compounds obtained from a hybridization of Chloroquine, Amodiaquine and Mefloquine with three targets SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, in order to find new compounds as new inhibitors against Covid-19. In this work, we first used: the molecular docking/dynamics methods and ADME properties to study interaction and affinity between eight new compounds against three targets involved in the Covid-19. The results of the docking simulations and dynamics revealed that inhibitor of the malaria (Ligand 87) has an affinity to interact with SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV targets and they can be good inhibitors for treatment of Covid-19. Moreover, they give best affinity compared to the Remdesivir and Chloroquine and other clinical tests. The Pharmacokinetics was justified by means of lipophilicity and high coefficient of skin permeability. The in silico evaluation of ADME and drug-likeness revealed that L87 has higher absorption in the intestines with good bioavailability. However, an additional in vitro and/or in vivo experimental study should make it possible to verify the theoretical results obtained in silico.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Daoud
- Department of Matter Sciences, University Mohamed Khider, Biskra, Algeria,Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Natural and Bio-Actives Substances, Tlemcen University, Tlemcen, Algeria,Ismail Daoud Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Natural and Bio-Actives Substances, Tlemcen University, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Fouzia Mesli
- Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Natural and Bio-Actives Substances, Tlemcen University, Tlemcen, Algeria,CONTACT Fouzia Mesli ;
| | - Nadjib Melkemi
- Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry LMCE Laboratory, University of Biskra, Algeria
| | - Said Ghalem
- Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Natural and Bio-Actives Substances, Tlemcen University, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Toufik Salah
- Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry LMCE Laboratory, University of Biskra, Algeria
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4
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Wairata J, Sukandar ER, Fadlan A, Purnomo AS, Taher M, Ersam T. Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antiplasmodial Activities of Xanthones Isolated from Garcinia forbesii and Their In Silico Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101380. [PMID: 34680496 PMCID: PMC8533219 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate xanthones from Garcinia forbesii and evaluated their activity in vitro and in silico. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. The antidiabetic activity was performed against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. The antiplasmodial activity was evaluated using Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 sensitive to chloroquine. Molecular docking analysis on the human lysosomal acid-alpha-glucosidase enzyme (5NN8) and P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (1CET) and prediction of ADMET for the active compound, were also studied. For the first time, lichexanthone (1), subelliptenone H (2), 12b-hydroxy-des-D-garcigerrin A (3), garciniaxanthone B (4) and garcigerin A (5) were isolated from the CH2Cl2 extract of the stem bark of G. forbesii. Four xanthones (Compounds 2-5) showed strong antioxidant activity. In vitro α-glucosidase test showed that Compounds 2 and 5 were more active than the others, while Compound 4 was the strongest against α-amylase enzymes. In vitro antiplasmodial evaluation revealed that Compounds 2 and 3 showed inhibitory activity on P. falciparum. Molecular docking studies confirmed in vitro activity. ADMET predictions suggested that Compounds 1-5 were potential candidates for oral drugs. The isolated 2-5 can be used as promising phytotherapy in antidiabetic and antiplasmodial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanis Wairata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; (J.W.); (E.R.S.); (A.F.); (A.S.P.)
- Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Natural Science and Engineering Technology, University Halmahera, Jalan Wari-Ino, Tobelo, North Halmahera 97762, Indonesia
| | - Edwin Risky Sukandar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; (J.W.); (E.R.S.); (A.F.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Arif Fadlan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; (J.W.); (E.R.S.); (A.F.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Adi Setyo Purnomo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; (J.W.); (E.R.S.); (A.F.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia;
| | - Taslim Ersam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; (J.W.); (E.R.S.); (A.F.); (A.S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-813-3073-1952
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5
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Xu Y, Shrestha N, Préat V, Beloqui A. An overview of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models for studying the transport of drugs across intestinal barriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113795. [PMID: 33989702 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration is the most commonly used route for drug delivery owing to its cost-effectiveness, ease of administration, and high patient compliance. However, the absorption of orally delivered compounds is a complex process that greatly depends on the interplay between the characteristics of the drug/formulation and the gastrointestinal tract. In this contribution, we review the different preclinical models (in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo) from their development to application for studying the transport of drugs across intestinal barriers. This review also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each model. Furthermore, the authors have reviewed the selection and validation of these models and how the limitations of the models can be addressed in future investigations. The correlation and predictability of the intestinal transport data from the preclinical models and human data are also explored. With the increasing popularity and prevalence of orally delivered drugs/formulations, sophisticated preclinical models with higher predictive capacity for absorption of oral formulations used in clinical studies will be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xu
- University of Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Neha Shrestha
- University of Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Véronique Préat
- University of Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ana Beloqui
- University of Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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6
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Ichikawa M, Akamine H, Murata M, Ito S, Takayama K, Mizuguchi H. Generation of tetracycline-controllable CYP3A4-expressing Caco-2 cells by the piggyBac transposon system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11670. [PMID: 34083621 PMCID: PMC8175591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91160-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Caco-2 cells are widely used as an in vitro intestinal epithelial cell model because they can form a monolayer and predict drug absorption with high accuracy. However, Caco-2 cells hardly express cytochrome P450 (CYP), a drug-metabolizing enzyme. It is known that CYP3A4 is the dominant drug-metabolizing enzyme in human small intestine. In this study, we generated CYP3A4-expressing Caco-2 (CYP3A4-Caco-2) cells and attempted to establish a model that can simultaneously evaluate drug absorption and metabolism. CYP3A4-Caco-2 cells were generated by piggyBac transposon vectors. A tetracycline-controllable CYP3A4 expression cassette (tet-on system) was stably transduced into Caco-2 cells, thus regulating the levels of CYP3A4 expression depending on the doxycycline concentration. The CYP3A4 expression levels in CYP3A4-Caco-2 cells cultured in the presence of doxycycline were similar to or higher than those of adult small intestine. The CYP3A4-Caco-2 cells had enough ability to metabolize midazolam, a substrate of CYP3A4. CYP3A4 overexpression had no negative effects on cell proliferation, barrier function, and P-glycoprotein activity in Caco-2 cells. Thus, we succeeded in establishing Caco-2 cells with CYP3A4 metabolizing activity comparable to in vivo human intestinal tissue. This cell line would be useful in pharmaceutical studies as a model that can simultaneously evaluate drug absorption and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Akamine
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michika Murata
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sumito Ito
- GenoMembrane Co., Ltd., 2-3-18 Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0052, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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7
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Investigation of the Factors Responsible for the Poor Oral Bioavailability of Acacetin in Rats: Physicochemical and Biopharmaceutical Aspects. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020175. [PMID: 33525442 PMCID: PMC7911516 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acacetin, an important ingredient of acacia honey and a component of several medicinal plants, exhibits therapeutic effects such as antioxidative, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-plasmodial activities. However, to date, studies reporting a systematic investigation of the in vivo fate of orally administered acacetin are limited. Moreover, the in vitro physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties of acacetin in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and their pharmacokinetic impacts remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to systematically investigate the oral absorption and disposition of acacetin using relevant rat models. Acacetin exhibited poor solubility (≤119 ng/mL) and relatively low stability (27.5–62.0% remaining after 24 h) in pH 7 phosphate buffer and simulated GI fluids. A major portion (97.1%) of the initially injected acacetin dose remained unabsorbed in the jejunal segments, and the oral bioavailability of acacetin was very low at 2.34%. The systemic metabolism of acacetin occurred ubiquitously in various tissues (particularly in the liver, where it occurred most extensively), resulting in very high total plasma clearance of 199 ± 36 mL/min/kg. Collectively, the poor oral bioavailability of acacetin could be attributed mainly to its poor solubility and low GI luminal stability.
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8
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Beyoğlu D, Idle JR. Metabolomic insights into the mode of action of natural products in the treatment of liver disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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9
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von Erlach T, Saxton S, Shi Y, Minahan D, Reker D, Javid F, Lee YAL, Schoellhammer C, Esfandiary T, Cleveland C, Booth L, Lin J, Levy H, Blackburn S, Hayward A, Langer R, Traverso G. Robotically handled whole-tissue culture system for the screening of oral drug formulations. Nat Biomed Eng 2020; 4:544-559. [PMID: 32341538 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-0545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Monolayers of cancer-derived cell lines are widely used in the modelling of the gastrointestinal (GI) absorption of drugs and in oral drug development. However, they do not generally predict drug absorption in vivo. Here, we report a robotically handled system that uses large porcine GI tissue explants that are functionally maintained for an extended period in culture for the high-throughput interrogation (several thousand samples per day) of whole segments of the GI tract. The automated culture system provided higher predictability of drug absorption in the human GI tract than a Caco-2 Transwell system (Spearman's correlation coefficients of 0.906 and 0.302, respectively). By using the culture system to analyse the intestinal absorption of 2,930 formulations of the peptide drug oxytocin, we discovered an absorption enhancer that resulted in a 11.3-fold increase in the oral bioavailability of oxytocin in pigs in the absence of cellular disruption of the intestinal tissue. The robotically handled whole-tissue culture system should help advance the development of oral drug formulations and might also be useful for drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas von Erlach
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Saxton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yunhua Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Minahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Reker
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Farhad Javid
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Young-Ah Lucy Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carl Schoellhammer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tina Esfandiary
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cody Cleveland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucas Booth
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Levy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sophie Blackburn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alison Hayward
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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10
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Kawahara I, Nishikawa S, Yamamoto A, Kono Y, Fujita T. The Impact of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP/ABCG2) on Drug Transport Across Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:491-498. [PMID: 32193356 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.088674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is expressed on the apical membrane of small intestinal epithelial cells and functions as an efflux pump with broad substrate recognition. Therefore, quantitative evaluation of the contribution of BCRP to the intestinal permeability of new chemical entities is very important in drug research and development. In this study, we assessed the BCRP-mediated efflux of several model drugs in Caco-2 cells using WK-X-34 as a dual inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and BCRP and LY335979 as a selective inhibitor of P-gp. The permeability of daidzein was high with an apparent permeability coefficient for apical-to-basal transport (P AB) of 20.3 × 10-6 cm/s. In addition, its efflux ratio (ER) was 1.55, indicating that the contribution of BCRP to its transport is minimal. Estrone-3-sulfate and ciprofloxacin showed relatively higher ER values (>2.0), whereas their BCRP-related absorptive quotient (AQ BCRP) was 0.21 and 0.3, respectively. These results indicate that BCRP does not play a major role in regulating the permeability of estrone-3-sulfate and ciprofloxacin in Caco-2 cells. Nitrofurantoin showed a P AB of 1.8 × 10-6 cm/s, and its ER was 7.6. However, the AQ BCRP was 0.37, suggesting minimal contribution of BCRP to nitrofurantoin transport in Caco-2 cells. In contrast, topotecan, SN-38, and sulfasalazine had low P AB values (0.81, 1.13, and 0.19 × 10-6 cm/s, respectively), and each AQ BCRP was above 0.6, indicating that BCRP significantly contributes to the transport of these compounds in Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, Caco-2 cells are useful to accurately estimate the contribution of BCRP to intestinal drug absorption. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We performed an in vitro assessment of the contribution of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) to the transport of BCRP and/or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates across Caco-2 cell monolayers using absorptive quotient, which has been proposed to represent the contribution of drug efflux transporters to the net efflux. The present study demonstrates that the combined use of a BCRP/P-gp dual inhibitor and a P-gp selective inhibitor is useful to estimate the impact of BCRP and P-gp on the permeability of tested compounds in Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iichiro Kawahara
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan (I.K., S.N., A.Y.) and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan (Y.K., T.F.)
| | - Satoyo Nishikawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan (I.K., S.N., A.Y.) and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan (Y.K., T.F.)
| | - Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan (I.K., S.N., A.Y.) and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan (Y.K., T.F.)
| | - Yusuke Kono
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan (I.K., S.N., A.Y.) and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan (Y.K., T.F.)
| | - Takuya Fujita
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan (I.K., S.N., A.Y.) and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan (Y.K., T.F.)
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11
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Sawant-Basak A, Rodrigues AD, Lech M, Doyonnas R, Kasaian M, Prasad B, Tsamandouras N. Physiologically Relevant, Humanized Intestinal Systems to Study Metabolism and Transport of Small Molecule Therapeutics. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1581-1587. [PMID: 30126862 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.082784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal disposition of small molecules involves interplay of drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), transporters, and host-microbiome interactions, which has spurred the development of in vitro intestinal models derived from primary tissue sources. Such models have been bioengineered from intestinal crypts, mucosal extracts, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived organoids, and human intestinal tissue. This minireview discusses the utility and limitations of these human-derived models in support of small molecule drug metabolism and disposition. Enteroids from human intestinal crypts, organoids derived from iPSCs using growth factors or small molecule compounds, and enterocytes extracted from mucosal scrapings show key absorptive cell morphology while are limited in quantitative applications due to the lack of accessibility to the apical compartment, the lack of monolayers, or low expression of key DMEs, transporters, and nuclear hormone receptors. Despite morphogenesis to epithelial cells, similar challenges have been reported by more advanced technologies that have explored the impact of flow and mechanical stretch on proliferation and differentiation of Caco-2 cells. Most recently, bioengineered human intestinal epithelial or ileal cells have overcome many of the challenges, as the DME and transporter expression pattern resembles that of native intestinal tissue. Engineering advances may improve such models to support longer-term applications and meet end-user needs. Biochemical characterization and transcriptomic, proteomic, and functional endpoints of emerging novel intestinal models, when referenced to native human tissue, can provide greater confidence and increased utility in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Sawant-Basak
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (A.S.-B.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, PDM, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (A.D.R.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Inflammation and Immunology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (M.L., M.K.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Discovery Sciences, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (R.D.); Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, UWRAPT H268, Health Science Building, Seattle (B.P.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Early Clinical Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (N.T.).
| | - A David Rodrigues
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (A.S.-B.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, PDM, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (A.D.R.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Inflammation and Immunology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (M.L., M.K.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Discovery Sciences, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (R.D.); Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, UWRAPT H268, Health Science Building, Seattle (B.P.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Early Clinical Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (N.T.)
| | - Matthew Lech
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (A.S.-B.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, PDM, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (A.D.R.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Inflammation and Immunology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (M.L., M.K.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Discovery Sciences, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (R.D.); Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, UWRAPT H268, Health Science Building, Seattle (B.P.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Early Clinical Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (N.T.)
| | - Regis Doyonnas
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (A.S.-B.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, PDM, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (A.D.R.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Inflammation and Immunology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (M.L., M.K.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Discovery Sciences, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (R.D.); Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, UWRAPT H268, Health Science Building, Seattle (B.P.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Early Clinical Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (N.T.)
| | - Marion Kasaian
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (A.S.-B.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, PDM, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (A.D.R.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Inflammation and Immunology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (M.L., M.K.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Discovery Sciences, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (R.D.); Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, UWRAPT H268, Health Science Building, Seattle (B.P.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Early Clinical Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (N.T.)
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (A.S.-B.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, PDM, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (A.D.R.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Inflammation and Immunology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (M.L., M.K.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Discovery Sciences, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (R.D.); Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, UWRAPT H268, Health Science Building, Seattle (B.P.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Early Clinical Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (N.T.)
| | - Nikolaos Tsamandouras
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (A.S.-B.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, PDM, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (A.D.R.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Inflammation and Immunology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (M.L., M.K.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Discovery Sciences, Eastern Point Road, Groton, 06340 (R.D.); Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, UWRAPT H268, Health Science Building, Seattle (B.P.); Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Early Clinical Development, Clinical Pharmacology, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (N.T.)
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12
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Tao W, Zhao D, Sun M, Wang Z, Lin B, Bao Y, Li Y, He Z, Sun Y, Sun J. Intestinal absorption and activation of decitabine amino acid ester prodrugs mediated by peptide transporter PEPT1 and enterocyte enzymes. Int J Pharm 2018; 541:64-71. [PMID: 29471144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Decitabine (DAC), a potent DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, has a limited oral bioavailability. Its 5'-amino acid ester prodrugs could improve its oral delivery but the specific absorption mechanism is not yet fully understood. The aim of this present study was to investigate the in vivo absorption and activation mechanism of these prodrugs using in situ intestinal perfusion and pharmacokinetics studies in rats. Although PEPT1 transporter is pH dependent, there appeared to be no proton cotransport in the perfusion experiment with a preferable transport at pH 7.4 rather than pH 6.5. This suggested that the transport was mostly dependent on the dissociated state of the prodrugs and the proton gradient might play only a limited role. In pH 7.4 HEPES buffer, an increase in Peff was observed for L-val-DAC, D-val-DAC, L-phe-DAC and L-trp-DAC (2.89-fold, 1.2-fold, 2.73-fold, and 1.90-fold, respectively), compared with the parent drug. When co-perfusing the prodrug with Glysar, a known substrate of PEPT1, the permeabilities of the prodrugs were significantly inhibited compared with the control. To further investigate the absorption of the prodrugs, L-val-DAC was selected and found to be concentration-dependent and saturable, suggesting a carrier-mediated process (intrinsic Km: 7.80 ± 2.61 mM) along with passive transport. Determination of drug in intestinal homogenate after perfusion further confirmed that the metabolic activation mainly involved an intestinal first-pass effect. In a pharmacokinetic evaluation, the oral bioavailability of L-val-DAC, L-phe-DAC and L-trp-DAC were nearly 1.74-fold, 1.69-fold and 1.49-fold greater than that of DAC. The differences in membrane permeability and oral bioavailability might be due to the different stability in the intestinal lumen and the distinct PEPT1 affinity which is mainly caused by the stereochemistry, hydrophobicity and steric hindrance of the side chains. In summary, the detailed investigation of the absorption mechanism by in vivo intestinal perfusion and pharmacokinetic studies showed that the prodrugs of DAC exhibited excellent permeability and oral bioavailability, which might be attributed to a hybrid (partly PEPT1-mediated and partly passive) transport mode and a rapid activation process in enterocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Tao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongyang Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yinghua Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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13
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Didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DMAB) stabilized poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles: Uptake and cytotoxic potential in Caco-2 cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Investigating drug absorption from the colon: Single-pass vs. Doluisio approaches to in-situ rat large-intestinal perfusion. Int J Pharm 2017; 527:135-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Cárdenas PA, Kratz JM, Hernández A, Costa GM, Ospina LF, Baena Y, Simões CMO, Jimenez-Kairuz Á, Aragon M. In vitro intestinal permeability studies, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 6-methylcoumarin after oral and intraperitoneal administration in Wistar rats. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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16
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Kalashnikova I, Albekairi N, Ali S, Al Enazy S, Rytting E. Cell Culture Models for Drug Transport Studies. Drug Deliv 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118833322.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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17
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Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of α-Cyclodextrin Derivatives on the Caco-2 Cell Line and Human Erythrocytes. Molecules 2015; 20:20269-85. [PMID: 26569209 PMCID: PMC6332255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins, even the 6-membered α-cyclodextrin, are approved in the various pharmacopoeias as pharmaceutical excipients for solubilizing and stabilizing drugs as well as for controlling drug release. Recently α-cyclodextrin has also been marketed as health food with beneficial effects on blood lipid profiles. However, the concentration of α-cyclodextrin used may be very high in these cases, and its toxic attributes have to be seriously considered. The objective of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of various, differently substituted α-cyclodextrin derivatives and determine relationship between the structures and cytotoxicity. Three different methods were used, viability tests (MTT assay and Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing on Caco-2 cells) as well as hemolysis test on human red blood cells. The effect of α-cyclodextrin derivatives resulted in concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, so the IC50 values have been determined. Based on our evaluation, the Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing method is the most accurate for describing the time and concentration dependency of the observed toxic effects. Regarding the cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells, phosphatidylcholine extraction may play a main role in the mechanism. Our results should provide help in selecting those α-cyclodextrin derivatives which have the potential of being used safely in medical formulations.
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18
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De Savi C, Bradbury RH, Rabow AA, Norman RA, de Almeida C, Andrews DM, Ballard P, Buttar D, Callis RJ, Currie GS, Curwen JO, Davies CD, Donald CS, Feron LJL, Gingell H, Glossop SC, Hayter BR, Hussain S, Karoutchi G, Lamont SG, MacFaul P, Moss TA, Pearson SE, Tonge M, Walker GE, Weir HM, Wilson Z. Optimization of a Novel Binding Motif to (E)-3-(3,5-Difluoro-4-((1R,3R)-2-(2-fluoro-2-methylpropyl)-3-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)phenyl)acrylic Acid (AZD9496), a Potent and Orally Bioavailable Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator and Antagonist. J Med Chem 2015; 58:8128-40. [PMID: 26407012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of an orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor downregulator (SERD) with equivalent potency and preclinical pharmacology to the intramuscular SERD fulvestrant is described. A directed screen identified the 1-aryl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole motif as a novel, druglike ER ligand. Aided by crystal structures of novel ligands bound to an ER construct, medicinal chemistry iterations led to (E)-3-(3,5-difluoro-4-((1R,3R)-2-(2-fluoro-2-methylpropyl)-3-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)phenyl)acrylic acid (30b, AZD9496), a clinical candidate with high oral bioavailability across preclinical species that is currently being evaluated in phase I clinical trials for the treatment of advanced estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris De Savi
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K.,Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Robert H Bradbury
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Alfred A Rabow
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Richard A Norman
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Camila de Almeida
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - David M Andrews
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Peter Ballard
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - David Buttar
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Rowena J Callis
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Gordon S Currie
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Jon O Curwen
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Chris D Davies
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Craig S Donald
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Lyman J L Feron
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Helen Gingell
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Steven C Glossop
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Barry R Hayter
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Syeed Hussain
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Galith Karoutchi
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Scott G Lamont
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Philip MacFaul
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Thomas A Moss
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Stuart E Pearson
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Michael Tonge
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Graeme E Walker
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Hazel M Weir
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Zena Wilson
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, U.K
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19
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Gossmann R, Langer K, Mulac D. New Perspective in the Formulation and Characterization of Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide (DMAB) Stabilized Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127532. [PMID: 26147338 PMCID: PMC4493066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades the establishment of nanoparticles as suitable drug carriers with the transport of drugs across biological barriers such as the gastrointestinal barrier moved into the focus of many research groups. Besides drug transport such carrier systems are well suited for the protection of drugs against enzymatic and chemical degradation. The preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is intensively described in literature, while especially nanoparticles with cationic properties show a promising increased cellular uptake. This is due to the electrostatic interaction between the cationic surface and the negatively charged lipid membrane of the cells. Even though several studies achieved the successful preparation of nanoparticles stabilized with the cationic surfactants such as didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DMAB), in most cases insufficient attention was paid to a precise analytical characterization of the nanoparticle system. The aim of the present work was to overcome this deficit by presenting a new perspective in the formulation and characterization of DMAB-stabilized PLGA nanoparticles. Therefore these nanoparticles were carefully examined with regard to particle diameter, zeta potential, the effect of variation in stabilizer concentration, residual DMAB content, and electrolyte stability. Without any steric stabilization, the DMAB-modified nanoparticles were sensitive to typical electrolyte concentrations of biological environments due to compression of the electrical double layer in conjunction with a decrease in zeta potential. To handle this problem, the present study proposed two modifications to enable electrolyte stability. Both polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified DMAB-PLGA-nanoparticles were stable during electrolyte addition. Furthermore, in contrast to unmodified DMAB-PLGA-nanoparticles and free DMAB, such modifications led to a lower cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cells. In conclusion this study offers a closer and critical point of view on preparation, in vitro and analytical evaluation of DMAB-stabilized PLGA nanoparticles for the physiological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Gossmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
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20
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Bujard A, Voirol H, Carrupt PA, Schappler J. Modification of a PAMPA model to predict passive gastrointestinal absorption and plasma protein binding. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:273-8. [PMID: 26118348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (PAMPA) is a well-known high throughput screening (HTS) technique for predicting in vivo passive absorption. In this technique, two compartments are separated by an artificial membrane that mimics passive permeability through biological membranes such as the dermal layer, the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and the blood brain barrier (BBB). In the present study, a hexadecane artificial membrane (HDM)-PAMPA was used to predict the binding of compounds towards the human plasma using a mixture of human serum albumin (HSA) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP). The ratio of HSA and AGP was equivalent to that found in the human plasma for both proteins (∼20:1). A pH gradient (5.0-7.4) was performed to increase the screening capacity and overcome the issue of passive permeability for acidic and amphoteric compounds. With this assay, the prediction of passive GIT absorption was maintained and the compounds were discriminated according to their permeability (on a no-to-high scale). The plasma protein binding (PPB) was estimated via the correlation of the differences between the amount of compound crossing the artificial membrane in assays conducted with and without protein using only a two end-point measurement. The use of a mixture of HSA and AGP to modulate drug permeation was compared to the use of the same concentrations of HSA and AGP used separately. The addition of HSA alone in the acceptor compartment was sufficient for estimating PPB, while it was demonstrated that AGP alone could enable the estimation of AGP binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alban Bujard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Voirol
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain Carrupt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Julie Schappler
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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21
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Zheng M, Zhou H, Wan H, Chen YL, He Y. Effects of herbal drugs in Mahuang decoction and their main components on intestinal transport characteristics of Ephedra alkaloids evaluated by a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 164:22-29. [PMID: 25660335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mahuang decoction, Ephedra combined with Cassia twig, Bitter apricot kernel and Prepared licorice, has been widely used as a multi-herb prescription in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Many modern pharmacological studies have shown that the compatibility application of these four herbs has promising therapeutic effects on respiratory infection, acute glomerulonephritis and chronic renal failure. However, the underlying principles for governing the formulation of Mahuang decoction remain unknown. In this study, we used a Caco-2 cell monolayer model to explicate the possible compatibility mechanism of Mahuang decoction from the perspective of intestinal absorption. MATERIAL AND METHODS Firstly, the apical-to-basolateral and basolarteral-to-apical transport of the main characteristic active alkaloids in Ephedra, l-ephedrine (LEP), d-pseudoephedrine (DPEP) and l-methylephedrine (LMEP), as a single compound, was investigated. Secondly, the influence of main components in Cassia twig, Bitter apricot kernel and Prepared licorice on the transport of LEP, DPEP and LMEP was investigated. Finally, the bidirectional transport of these three alkaloids in single Ephedra extract, in Mahuang decoction and in drug pair extracts, such as Ephedra-Cassia twig, Ephedra-Bitter apricot kernel, Ephedra-Prepared licorice, was assessed. RESULTS The investigated LEP, DPEP and LMEP could transport through the Caco-2 cell monolayer at a high level, with the efflux ratio (ER) of 1.41, 1.33 and 1.30, respectively, when the cells were treated with each single compound solution. In the presence of verapamil, the permeability from apical side to basolateral side (PAB) of the three alkaloids increased significantly (P<0.05), and their ERs decreased. The treatment of cells with Mahuang decoction and the drug pair extracts from Ephedra-Cassia twig, Ephedra-Bitter apricot kernel and Ephedra-Prepared licorice appreciably decreased PAB of LEP, DPEP and LMEP with increased ERs, compared to the treatment with single Ephedra extract. When concomitant administration with herbal drugs and their main ingredients (including cinnamaldehyde-cinnamyl alcohol-cinnamic acid group, volatile oil from Cassia twig, liquiritin-glycyrrhizic acid group from Prepared licorice, Cassia twig extract, Bitter apricot kernel extract and Prepared licorice extract), was adopted, PAB of LEP, DPEP and LMEP were reduced significantly and the ERs of the corresponding compounds were promoted appreciably. Only amygdalin (from Bitter apricot kernel) had little influence on the transport of Ephedra alkaloids. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that LEP, DPEP and LMEP in Ephedra extract have similar absorption as in the pure solution of each compound. The intestinal absorption of LEP, DPEP and LMEP is through passive diffusion and these compounds may be P-gp substrates. The compatibility application of Cassia twig, Bitter apricot kernel and Prepared licorice, and their main components except amygdalin can suppress the absorption of the three main Ephedra alkaloids across the Caco-2 cell monolayer. On the basis of our results, Cassia twig, Bitter apricot kernel and Prepared licorice in Mahuang decoction decrease the absorption of Ephedra alkaloids, which may alleviate the drastic diaphoretic function and toxicity of Ephedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Zheng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yu He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Rationale employment of cell culture versus conventional techniques in pharmaceutical appraisal of nanocarriers. J Control Release 2014; 194:92-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Wang Y, Qi X, Li D, Zhu T, Mo X, Li J. Anticancer efficacy and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and toxicity studies of aspergiolide A in early drug development. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:1965-77. [PMID: 25378909 PMCID: PMC4207554 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s64989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Since the first anthracycline was discovered, many other related compounds have been studied in order to overcome its defects and improve efficacy. In the present paper, we investigated the anticancer effects of a new anthracycline, aspergiolide A (ASP-A), from a marine-derived fungus in vitro and in vivo, and we evaluated the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and toxicity drug properties in early drug development. We found that ASP-A had activity against topoisomerase II that was comparable to adriamycin. ASP-A decreased the growth of various human cancer cells in vitro and induced apoptosis in BEL-7402 cells via a caspase-dependent pathway. The anticancer efficacy of ASP-A on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts was further assessed in vivo. Results showed that, compared with the vehicle group, ASP-A exhibited significant anticancer activity with less loss of body weight. A pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution study revealed that ASP-A was rapidly cleared in a first order reaction kinetics manner, and was enriched in cancer tissue. The maximal tolerable dose (MTD) of ASP-A was more than 400 mg/kg, and ASP-A was not considered to be potentially genotoxic or cardiotoxic, as no significant increase of micronucleus rates or inhibition of the hERG channel was seen. Finally, an uptake and transport assay of ASP-A was performed in monolayers of Caco-2 cells, and ASP-A was shown to be absorbed through the active transport pathway. Altogether, these results indicate that ASP-A has anticancer activity targeting topoisomerase II, with a similar structure and mechanism to adriamycin, but with much lower toxicity. Nonetheless, further molecular structure optimization is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Mo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Rodríguez-Berna G, Mangas-Sanjuán V, Gonzalez-Alvarez M, Gonzalez-Alvarez I, García-Giménez JL, Díaz Cabañas MJ, Bermejo M, Corma A. A promising camptothecin derivative: Semisynthesis, antitumor activity and intestinal permeability. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:366-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kim JE, Yoon IS, Cho HJ, Kim DH, Choi YH, Kim DD. Emulsion-based colloidal nanosystems for oral delivery of doxorubicin: improved intestinal paracellular absorption and alleviated cardiotoxicity. Int J Pharm 2014; 464:117-26. [PMID: 24463005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that the limited intestinal absorption via the paracellular pathway may be the primary cause of the low oral bioavailability of doxorubicin (DOX). In this study, we have formulated medium chain glycerides-based colloidal nanosystems to enhance the intestinal paracellular absorption of DOX and reduce its cardiotoxicity. The DOX formulations prepared by the construction of pseudo-ternary phase diagram were characterized in terms of their droplet size distribution, viscosity, drug loading, and drug release. Further evaluation was conducted by an in vitro Caco-2 transport study as well as in situ/in vivo intestinal absorption, bioavailability and toxicity studies. Compared with DOX solution, these formulations enhanced the absorptive transport of DOX across Caco-2 cell monolayers at least partly due to the paracellular-enhancing effects of their lipidic components. Moreover, the in situ intestinal absorption and in vivo oral bioavailability of DOX in rats were markedly enhanced. In addition, no discernible damage was observed in the rat jejunum after oral administration of these DOX formulations while the cardiac toxicity was significantly reduced when compared with intravenous DOX solution. Taken together, the medium chain glycerides-based colloidal nanosystems prepared in this study represent a potentially effective oral delivery system for DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi 410-820, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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Kunze A, Huwyler J, Poller B, Gutmann H, Camenisch G. In vitro-in vivo extrapolation method to predict human renal clearance of drugs. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:994-1001. [PMID: 24549735 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Renal clearance is a key determinant of the elimination of drugs. To date, only few in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) approaches have been described to predict the renal organ clearance as the net result of glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, and tubular reabsorption. In this study, we measured in LLC-PK1 cells the transport of 20 compounds that cover all four classes of the Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition System. These data were incorporated into a novel kidney model to predict all renal clearance processes in human. We showed that filtration and secretion were main contributors to the renal organ clearance for all compounds, whereas reabsorption was predominant for compounds assigned to classes 1 and 2. Our results suggest that anionic drugs were not significantly secreted in LLC-PK1 cells, resulting in under-predicted clearances. When all study compounds were included a high overall correlation between the reported and predicted renal organ clearances was obtained (R² = 0.83). The prediction accuracy in terms of percentage within twofold and threefold error was 70% and 95%, respectively. In conclusion, our novel IVIVE method allowed to predict the human renal organ clearance and the contribution of each underlying process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Kunze
- Division of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Drug-Drug Interactions Section, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
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Fotaki N. Pros and cons of methods used for the prediction of oral drug absorption. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 2:195-208. [DOI: 10.1586/17512433.2.2.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cho HJ, Kim JE, Kim DD, Yoon IS. In vitro–in vivoextrapolation (IVIVE) for predicting human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination of drugs: principles and applications. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:989-98. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.831439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Predicting human exposure of active drug after oral prodrug administration, using a joined in vitro/in silico–in vivo extrapolation and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling approach. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2013; 67:203-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Discovery of AZD3514, a small-molecule androgen receptor downregulator for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1945-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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31
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Zhang H, Lin CW, Donovan MD. Correlation between nasal membrane permeability and nasal absorption rate. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:60-3. [PMID: 23225081 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-012-9884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between in vitro permeability (Papp) values obtained from isolated nasal tissues and the absorption rates (ka) of the same compounds following nasal administration in animals and humans. The Papp of a set of 11 drug compounds was measured using animal nasal explants and plasma time-concentration profiles for each of the same compounds following intravenous (IV) and intranasal (IN) administration were experimentally determined or obtained from literature reports. The plasma clearance was estimated from the IV plasma time-concentration profiles, and ka was determined from the IN plasma time-concentration profiles using a deconvolution approach. The level of correlation between Papp and ka was established using Pearson correlation analysis. A good correlation (r=0.77) representing a point-to-point relationship for each of the compounds was observed. This result indicates that the nasal absorption for many drug candidates can be estimated from a readily measured in vitro Papp value.
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Bueters T, Juric S, Sohlenius-Sternbeck AK, Hu Y, Bylund J. Rat poorly predicts the combined non-absorbed and presystemically metabolized fractions in the human. Xenobiotica 2013; 43:607-16. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2012.752117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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34
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Kim JE, Cho HJ, Kim JS, Shim CK, Chung SJ, Oak MH, Yoon IS, Kim DD. The limited intestinal absorption via paracellular pathway is responsible for the low oral bioavailability of doxorubicin. Xenobiotica 2012; 43:579-91. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2012.751140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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35
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Liu JY, Lee KF, Sze CW, Tong Y, Tang SCW, Ng TB, Zhang YB. Intestinal absorption and bioavailability of traditional Chinese medicines: a review of recent experimental progress and implication for quality control. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 65:621-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01608.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Experimental studies on the pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have achieved great progress in recent years. This review aims to summarize the progress made on intestinal absorption and bioavailability of TCMs, and proposes the application of intestinal absorption assays as new tools for the quality and safety control of these medicines.
Key findings
Since only the absorbed constituents may produce possible therapeutic effect (except those that directly target the digestive tract), intestinal absorption is of utmost importance for the drug action of TCMs, which are usually taken orally. Meanwhile, complicated drug interactions may occur among the multiple ingredients in a herbal mixture. In this regard, the intestinal permeability assays not only provide useful pharmacokinetic data of TCMs, but have potential applications for quality and safety control. Moreover, knockout animals, 2/4/A1 in-vitro cell model and physiologically-based in-silico models based on the online TCM database can be quite useful for the prediction of absorption and bioavailability of TCMs.
Summary
A variety of in-vivo, in-vitro, in-situ and in-silico models for predicting the intestinal absorption and bioavailability can be applied to study the herbal interactions and screen appropriate biomarkers for the quality and safety control of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cho-Wing Sze
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Tong
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sydney Chi-Wai Tang
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzi-Bun Ng
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan-Bo Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lee YK, Yoon I, Lee MG, Choi YH. Effects of cysteine on the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen in rats with protein-calorie malnutrition. Xenobiotica 2012; 42:1225-34. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2012.683498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Munoz-muriedas J. Bioavailability Prediction at Early Drug Discovery Stages: In Vitro Assays and Simple Physico-Chemical Rules. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES TO DRUG DISCOVERY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735377-00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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38
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Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models in toxicity testing and risk assessment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 745:76-95. [PMID: 22437814 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3055-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling offers a scientifically-sound framework for integrating mechanistic data on absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination to predict the time-course of parent chemical, metabolite(s) or biomarkers in the exposed organism. A major advantage of PBPK models is their ability to forecast the impact of specific mechanistic processes and determinants on the tissue dose. In this regard, they facilitate integration of data obtained with in vitro and in silico methods, for making predictions of the tissue dosimetry in the whole animal, thus reducing and/or refining the use of animals in pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies. This chapter presents the principles and practice of PBPK modeling, as well as the application of these models in toxicity testing and health risk assessments.
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Lee YK, Han SY, Chin YW, Choi YH. Effects of cysteine on the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel in rats. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:509-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Bouzom F, Ball K, Perdaems N, Walther B. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling tools: how to fit with our needs? Biopharm Drug Dispos 2012; 33:55-71. [DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Bouzom
- Technologie Servier; 25/27 rue E. Vignat; 45000; Orleans; France
| | - Kathryn Ball
- Technologie Servier; 25/27 rue E. Vignat; 45000; Orleans; France
| | | | - Bernard Walther
- Technologie Servier; 25/27 rue E. Vignat; 45000; Orleans; France
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Biller S, Baumgarten D, Haueisen J. A novel marker design for magnetic marker monitoring in the human gastrointestinal tract. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2011; 58:3368-75. [PMID: 21968707 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2011.2166074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic marker monitoring (MMM) is a technique to determine the motility of the gastrointestinal tract and to observe the dissolution of pharmaceutical compounds. Today's magnetic markers usually consist of magnetized magnetite. Because of their weak magnetic fields, highly sensitive sensor systems are required. For a wider class of applications, stronger markers and more flexible measurement setups are necessary. In this paper, a novel marker design is introduced. This marker comprises one permanent magnet and a compartment of iron powder in a magnetically unstable configuration. During dissolution of the pharmaceuticals, the powder is redistributed around the magnet, thereby altering the externally measured magnetic induction. Based on this design, magnetically marked tablets and capsules were prepared and their magnetic field during dissolution was observed. Magnetic induction values were between 16 and 0.2 μT at distances of 5-30 cm, which is considerably higher compared to the pico-Tesla range of conventional markers. During dissolution, the magnetic induction decreased by between 14% and 27%. These values could be confirmed in detailed finite element method simulations. In conclusion, the present results indicate that our novel marker design is well suited for MMM with more flexible sensor technologies, such as magnetoresistive sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Biller
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Ilmenau University of Technology, Ilmenau D-98684, Germany.
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Jayaraman R, Pilla Reddy V, Khalid Pasha M, Wang H, Sangthongpitag K, Yeo P, Yong Hu C, Wu X, Xin L, Goh E, Sun New L, Ethirajulu K. Preclinical Metabolism and Disposition of SB939 (Pracinostat), an Orally Active Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, and Prediction of Human Pharmacokinetics. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 39:2219-32. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.041558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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43
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Muenster U, Pelzetter C, Backensfeld T, Ohm A, Kuhlmann T, Mueller H, Lustig K, Keldenich J, Greschat S, Göller AH, Gnoth MJ. Volume to dissolve applied dose (VDAD) and apparent dissolution rate (ADR): Tools to predict in vivo bioavailability from orally applied drug suspensions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 78:522-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Poulin P, Jones HM, Jones RD, Yates JWT, Gibson CR, Chien JY, Ring BJ, Adkison KK, He H, Vuppugalla R, Marathe P, Fischer V, Dutta S, Sinha VK, Björnsson T, Lavé T, Ku MS. PhRMA CPCDC initiative on predictive models of human pharmacokinetics, part 1: goals, properties of the PhRMA dataset, and comparison with literature datasets. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:4050-73. [PMID: 21523782 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study is part of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) initiative on predictive models of efficacy, safety, and compound properties. The overall goal of this part was to assess the predictability of human pharmacokinetics (PK) from preclinical data and to provide comparisons of available prediction methods from the literature, as appropriate, using a representative blinded dataset of drug candidates. The key objectives were to (i) appropriately assemble and blind a diverse dataset of in vitro, preclinical in vivo, and clinical data for multiple drug candidates, (ii) evaluate the dataset with empirical and physiological methodologies from the literature used to predict human PK properties and plasma concentration-time profiles, (iii) compare the predicted properties with the observed clinical data to assess the prediction accuracy using routine statistical techniques and to evaluate prediction method(s) based on the degree of accuracy of each prediction method, and (iv) compile and summarize results for publication. Another objective was to provide a mechanistic understanding as to why one methodology provided better predictions than another, after analyzing the poor predictions. A total of 108 clinical lead compounds were collected from 12 PhRMA member companies. This dataset contains intravenous (n = 19) and oral pharmacokinetic data (n = 107) in humans as well as the corresponding preclinical in vitro, in vivo, and physicochemical data. All data were blinded to protect the anonymity of both the data and the company submitting the data. This manuscript, which is the first of a series of manuscripts, summarizes the PhRMA initiative and the 108 compound dataset. More details on the predictability of each method are reported in companion manuscripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Poulin
- Leader Consultant, 4009 Sylvia Daoust, Québec city, Québec, Canada, G1X 0A6.
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Sarti F, Barthelmes J, Iqbal J, Hintzen F, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Intestinal enzymatic metabolism of drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 63:392-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01224.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The intestinal stability of perorally administered drugs has so far been determined using simulated intestinal fluid containing porcine pancreatin (SIF/P), as human gastrointestinal fluids are in most cases not available. In this study the metabolism of six low molecular mass drugs in SIF/P was compared with that in freshly collected porcine intestinal juice and on excised porcine intestinal mucosa.
Methods
The drugs used were oseltamivir, atazanavir, diloxanide, diltiazem, cephalothin and cefoxitin. Metabolism studies were carried out by incubating each drug in the in-vitro models and by analysing the percentage of unmodified remaining drug at fixed time points.
Key findings
Three drugs showed higher degradation on porcine mucosa compared with that in SIF/P and for five compounds a significantly higher metabolism in collected porcine intestinal juice versus SIF/P was observed. Metabolism of diloxanide furoate in collected intestinal juice, for example, was 40-fold higher compared with SIF/P. Moreover, the involvement of different metabolic pathways in porcine mucosa and intestinal juice was observed for cephalothin, being metabolized to desacetylcephalothin and thienyl-acetylglycine, whereas these metabolites were not found in SIF/P. In addition, diltiazem solution (0.25% m/v) was found to be significantly degraded in intestinal juice whereas its metabolism in SIF/P was negligible.
Conclusions
These findings demonstrated that the use of SIF/P for evaluation of presystemic drug metabolism could be highly misleading. Incubation of drugs in freshly collected porcine intestinal juice will likely lead to the improvement of the mimicry of body conditions to evaluate presystemic drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sarti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain, Josef Möller Haus, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jan Barthelmes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain, Josef Möller Haus, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain, Josef Möller Haus, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabian Hintzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain, Josef Möller Haus, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain, Josef Möller Haus, Innsbruck, Austria
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Turco L, Catone T, Caloni F, Di Consiglio E, Testai E, Stammati A. Caco-2/TC7 cell line characterization for intestinal absorption: how reliable is this in vitro model for the prediction of the oral dose fraction absorbed in human? Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 25:13-20. [PMID: 20732406 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Caco-2 cell line is one of the most used in vitro model to study intestinal absorption of compounds at screening level. Several clones have been isolated from Caco-2 cell line and characterized for their activities. Among them, TC7 clone was isolated from a late passage of the parental Caco-2 line and has shown to consist of a more homogeneous population with respect to the most representative functions of the small intestinal enterocytes, with more developed intercellular junctions. On the basis of these characteristics, it was selected within the framework of the EU A-Cute-Tox project to check its suitability to predict intestinal transport. In the present study, drugs, synthetic or natural chemicals have been characterized for their absorption profile in TC7 cells cultivated on semi-permeable filters for 21 days. The absorption experiments have been performed with the highest nontoxic concentration as determined in a preliminary set of cytotoxicity tests. The apparent permeability coefficient (P(app)) has been extrapolated by calculating the passage of the test compound from the donor to the receiver compartment as a time function. The samples have been collected at different time intervals and the concentration of the test compounds analyzed by analytical methods (HPLC, GC, GC/MS). The P(app) obtained with the TC7 clone are comparable to those obtained with the parental cell line. However, some drawbacks related to the experimental system have been highlighted (i.e. low mass balance, adsorption to the plastics), on the basis of which some compounds were excluded from the analysis. In order to check the predictability of the model, a regression analysis has been performed by plotting P(app) values vs. the fraction absorbed in humans (FA, expressed as % of the administered dose). Additional elaborations have highlighted that the specific absorption pathway (passive, active and carrier-mediated) and other factors (i.e. efflux proteins and/or metabolic activity) can strongly affect the robustness of the prediction model. On the basis of the obtained results, TC7 clone has shown to be a model for passive diffusion as reliable as the parental cell line. However, we have remarked the non-suitability of the TC7 cells to predict intestinal absorption: (i) for highly lipophilic compounds; (ii) for poorly absorbed compounds; or (iii) when transporter-mediated routes and/or first pass metabolism are involved. The preliminary study of those factors likely influencing compound biokinetics, as well as the characterization of the cellular model with respect to metabolic and transporter competence, would help in the interpretation of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Turco
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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47
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Skolnik S, Lin X, Wang J, Chen XH, He T, Zhang B. Towards Prediction of In Vivo Intestinal Absorption Using a 96-Well Caco-2 Assay. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:3246-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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48
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Heikkinen AT, Korjamo T, Mönkkönen J. Modelling of Drug Disposition Kinetics inIn VitroIntestinal Absorption Cell Models. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2010; 106:180-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Abstract
Abstract
Intestinal mucosal cells operate with different metabolic and transport activity, and not all of them are involved in drug absorption and metabolism. The fraction of these cells involved is dependent on the absorption characteristics of compounds and is difficult to predict (it is probably small). The cells also appear comparably impermeable. This shows a limited applicability of microsome intrinsic clearance (CLint)-data for prediction of gut-wall metabolism, and the difficulty to predict the gut-wall CL (CLGW) and extraction ratio (EGW). The objectives of this review were to evaluate determinants and methods for prediction of first-pass and systemic EGW and CLGW in man, and if required and possible, develop new simple prediction methodology. Animal gut-wall metabolism data do not appear reliable for scaling to man. In general, the systemic CLGW is low compared with the hepatic CL. For a moderately extracted CYP3A4-substrate with high permeability, midazolam, the gut-wall/hepatic CL-ratio is only 1/35. This suggests (as a general rule) that systemic CLGW can be neglected when predicting the total CL. First-pass EGW could be of importance, especially for substrates of CYP3A4 and conjugating enzymes. For several reasons, including those presented above and that blood flow based models are not applicable in the absorptive direction, it seems poorly predicted with available methodology. Prediction errors are large (several-fold on average; maximum-15-fold). A new simple first-pass EGW-prediction method that compensates for regional and local differences in absorption and metabolic activity has been developed. It has been based on human cell in-vitro CLint and fractional absorption from the small intestine for reference (including verapamil) and test substances, and in-vivo first-pass EGW-data for reference substances. First-pass EGW-values for CYP3A4-substrates with various degrees of gastrointestinal uptake and CLint and a CYP2D6-substrate were well-predicted (negligible errors). More high quality in-vitro CLint- and in-vivo EGW-data are required for further validation of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Fagerholm
- Clinical Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R&D Södertälje, S-151 85 Södertälje, Sweden.
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50
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Fagerholm U. Prediction of human pharmacokinetics – evaluation of methods for prediction of volume of distribution. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 59:1181-90. [PMID: 17883888 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.9.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate and review methods for prediction of the steady-state volume of distribution (VD,ss) of xenobiotics in man. For allometry, ˜30–40% of predictions are classified as incorrect, humans and animals belong to different VD,ss categories for ˜30% of the compounds, maximum prediction errors are large (>10-fold), the b-exponent ranges between −0.2 and 2.2 (averaging ˜0.8–0.9), and >2-fold prediction errors are found for 35% of the substances. The performance is consistent with species differences of binding in and outside the vasculature. The largest errors could potentially lead to very poor prediction of exposure profile and failure in clinical studies. A re-evaluation of allometric scaling of unbound tissue volume of distribution demonstrates that this method is less accurate (27% of predictions >2-fold errors) than a previous evaluation demonstrated. By adding molecular descriptor information, predictions based on animal VD,ss data can be improved. Improved predictions (˜1/10 of allometric errors) can also be obtained by using the relationship between unbound fraction in plasma (fu,pl) and VD,ss for each substance (method suggested by the author). A physiologically-based 4-compartment model (plasma, red blood cells, interstitial fluid and cell volume) together with measured tissue-plasma partitioning coefficients in rats, fu,pl, interstitial-plasma concentration ratio of albumin, organ weight and blood flow data has been successfully applied. Prediction errors for one basic and one neutral drug are only 3–5%. The data obtained with this comparably laboratory-intensive method are limited to these two compounds. A similar approach where predicted tissue partitioning is used, and a computational model, give prediction errors similar to that of allometry. Advantages with these are the suitability for screening and avoidance of animal experiments. The evaluated methods do not account for potential active transport and slow dissociation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Fagerholm
- Clinical Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R&D Södertälje, S-15185 Södertälje, Sweden.
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