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Mo J, Huang L, Peng J, Ocak U, Zhang J, Zhang JH. Autonomic Disturbances in Acute Cerebrovascular Disease. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:133-144. [PMID: 30311072 PMCID: PMC6357277 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-0299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autonomic disturbances often occur in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease due to damage of the central autonomic network. We summarize the structures of the central autonomic network and the clinical tests used to evaluate the functions of the autonomic nervous system. We review the clinical and experimental findings as well as management strategies of post-stroke autonomic disturbances including electrocardiographic changes, cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial damage, thermoregulatory dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysfunction, urinary incontinence, sexual disorders, and hyperglycemia. The occurrence of autonomic disturbances has been associated with poor outcomes in stroke patients. Autonomic nervous system modulation appears to be an emerging therapeutic strategy for stroke management in addition to treatments for sensorimotor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Umut Ocak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA.
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