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Yamagami K, Samata B, Doi D, Tsuchimochi R, Kikuchi T, Amimoto N, Ikeda M, Yoshimoto K, Takahashi J. Progranulin enhances the engraftment of transplanted human iPS cell-derived cerebral neurons. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae066. [PMID: 39340829 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral organoids (COs) in cell replacement therapy offer a viable approach to reconstructing neural circuits for individuals suffering from stroke or traumatic brain injuries. Successful transplantation relies on effective engraftment and neurite extension from the grafts. Earlier research has validated the effectiveness of delaying the transplantation procedure by 1 week. Here, we hypothesized that brain tissues 1 week following a traumatic brain injury possess a more favorable environment for cell transplantation when compared to immediately after injury. We performed a transcriptomic comparison to differentiate gene expression between these 2 temporal states. In controlled in vitro conditions, recombinant human progranulin (rhPGRN) bolstered the survival rate of dissociated neurons sourced from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived COs (hiPSC-COs) under conditions of enhanced oxidative stress. This increase in viability was attributable to a reduction in apoptosis via Akt phosphorylation. In addition, rhPGRN pretreatment before in vivo transplantation experiments augmented the engraftment efficiency of hiPSC-COs considerably and facilitated neurite elongation along the host brain's corticospinal tracts. Subsequent histological assessments at 3 months post-transplantation revealed an elevated presence of graft-derived subcerebral projection neurons-crucial elements for reconstituting neural circuits-in the rhPGRN-treated group. These outcomes highlight the potential of PGRN as a neurotrophic factor suitable for incorporation into hiPSC-CO-based cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Yamagami
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Bumpei Samata
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Doi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tsuchimochi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Kikuchi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Amimoto
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumi Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Yoshimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Lu HY, Ma ZZ, Zhang JP, Wu JJ, Zheng MX, Hua XY, Xu JG. Altered Resting-State Electroencephalogram Microstate Characteristics in Stroke Patients. J Integr Neurosci 2024; 23:176. [PMID: 39344234 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2309176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke remains a leading cause of disability globally and movement impairment is the most common complication in stroke patients. Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis is a non-invasive approach of whole-brain imaging based on the spatiotemporal pattern of the entire cerebral cortex. The present study aims to investigate microstate alterations in stroke patients. METHODS Resting-state EEG data collected from 24 stroke patients and 19 healthy controls matched by age and gender were subjected to microstate analysis. For four classic microstates labeled as class A, B, C and D, their temporal characteristics (duration, occurrence and coverage) and transition probabilities (TP) were extracted and compared between the two groups. Furthermore, we explored their correlations with clinical outcomes including the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and the action research arm test (ARAT) scores in stroke patients. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between the temporal characteristics and spectral power in frequency bands. False discovery rate (FDR) method was applied for correction of multiple comparisons. RESULTS Microstate analysis revealed that the stroke group had lower occurrence of microstate A which was regarded as the sensorimotor network (SMN) compared with the control group (p = 0.003, adjusted p = 0.036, t = -2.959). The TP from microstate A to microstate D had a significant positive correlation with the Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower extremity (FMA-LE) scores (p = 0.049, r = 0.406), but this finding did not survive FDR adjustment (adjusted p = 0.432). Additionally, the occurrence and the coverage of microstate B were negatively correlated with the power of delta band in the stroke group, which did not pass adjustment (p = 0.033, adjusted p = 0.790, r = -0.436; p = 0.026, adjusted p = 0.790, r = -0.454, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the abnormal temporal dynamics of brain activity in stroke patients. The study provides further electrophysiological evidence for understanding the mechanism of brain motor functional reorganization after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Lu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Peng Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200437 Shanghai, China
| | - Mou-Xiong Zheng
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200437 Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Yun Hua
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200437 Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200437 Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, 201203 Shanghai, China
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Yang B, Xin H, Wang L, Qi Q, Wang Y, Jia Y, Zheng W, Sun C, Chen X, Du J, Hu Y, Lu J, Chen N. Distinct brain network patterns in complete and incomplete spinal cord injury patients based on graph theory analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14910. [PMID: 39185854 PMCID: PMC11345750 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS To compare the changes in brain network topological properties and structure-function coupling in patients with complete spinal cord injury (CSCI) and incomplete spinal cord injury (ICSCI), to unveil the potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying the different effects of CSCI and ICSCI on brain networks and identify objective neurobiological markers to differentiate between CSCI and ICSCI patients. METHODS Thirty-five SCI patients (20 CSCI and 15 ICSCI) and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were included in the study. Here, networks were constructed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to analyze functional connectivity (FC) and diffusion tensor imaging for structural connectivity (SC). Then, graph theory analysis was used to examine SC and FC networks, as well as to estimate SC-FC coupling values. RESULTS Compared with HCs, CSCI patients showed increased path length (Lp), decreased global efficiency (Eg), and local efficiency (Eloc) in SC. For FC, ICSCI patients exhibited increased small-worldness, clustering coefficient (Cp), normalized clustering coefficient, and Eloc. Also, ICSCI patients showed increased Cp and Eloc than CSCI patients. Additionally, ICSCI patients had reduced SC-FC coupling values compared to HCs. Moreover, in CSCI patients, the SC network's Lp and Eg values were significantly correlated with motor scores, while in ICSCI patients, the FC network's Cp, Eloc, and SC-FC coupling values were related to sensory/motor scores. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that CSCI patients are characterized by decreased efficiency in the SC network, while ICSCI patients are distinguished by increased local connections and SC-FC decoupling. Moreover, the differences in network metrics between CSCI and ICSCI patients could serve as objective biological markers, providing a basis for diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beining Yang
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Haotian Xin
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Qunya Qi
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Yulong Jia
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Weimin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chuchu Sun
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Jubao Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yongsheng Hu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
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Chen T, Chen T, Zhang Y, Wu K, Zou Y. Bilateral effect of acupuncture on cerebrum and cerebellum in ischaemic stroke patients with hemiparesis: a randomised clinical and neuroimaging trial. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2024; 9:306-317. [PMID: 38336368 PMCID: PMC11221322 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2023-002785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture involving the limb region may be effective for stroke rehabilitation clinically, but the visualised and explanatory evidence is limited. Our objectives were to assess the specific effects of acupuncture for ischaemic stroke (IS) patients with hemiparesis and investigate its therapy-driven modification in functional connectivity. METHODS IS patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive 10 sessions of hand-foot 12 needles acupuncture (HA, n=30) or non-acupoint (NA) acupuncture (n=16), enrolling gender-matched and age-matched healthy controls (HCs, n=34). The clinical outcomes were the improved Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores including upper and lower extremity (ΔFM, ΔFM-UE, ΔFM-LE). The neuroimaging outcome was voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). Static and dynamic functional connectivity (sFC, DFC) analyses were used to study the neuroplasticity reorganisation. RESULTS 46 ISs (mean(SD) age, 59.37 (11.36) years) and 34 HCs (mean(SD) age, 52.88 (9.69) years) were included in the per-protocol analysis of clinical and neuroimaging. In clinical, ΔFM scores were 5.00 in HA group and 2.50 in NA group, with a dual correlation between ΔFM and ΔVMHC (angular: r=0.696, p=0.000; cerebellum: r=-0.716, p=0.000) fitting the linear regression model (R2=0.828). In neuroimaging, ISs demonstrated decreased VMHC in bilateral postcentral gyrus and cerebellum (Gaussian random field, GRF corrected, voxel p<0.001, cluster p<0.05), which fitted the logistic regression model (AUC=0.8413, accuracy=0.7500). Following acupuncture, VMHC in bilateral superior frontal gyrus orbital part was increased with cerebro-cerebellar changes, involving higher sFC between ipsilesional superior frontal gyrus orbital part and the contralesional orbitofrontal cortex as well as cerebellum (GRF corrected, voxel p<0.001, cluster p<0.05). The coefficient of variation of VMHC was decreased in bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus (PPC) locally (GRF corrected, voxel p<0.001, cluster p<0.05), with integration states transforming into segregation states overall (p<0.05). There was no acupuncture-related adverse event. CONCLUSIONS The randomised clinical and neuroimaging trial demonstrated acupuncture could promote the motor recovery and modified cerebro-cerebellar VMHC via bilateral static and dynamic reorganisations for IS patients with hemiparesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyan Chen
- School of Journalism and Communication, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihuai Zou
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zarghami TS. A new causal centrality measure reveals the prominent role of subcortical structures in the causal architecture of the extended default mode network. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1917-1941. [PMID: 37658184 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Network representation has been an incredibly useful concept for understanding the behavior of complex systems in social sciences, biology, neuroscience, and beyond. Network science is mathematically founded on graph theory, where nodal importance is gauged using measures of centrality. Notably, recent work suggests that the topological centrality of a node should not be over-interpreted as its dynamical or causal importance in the network. Hence, identifying the influential nodes in dynamic causal models (DCM) remains an open question. This paper introduces causal centrality for DCM, a dynamics-sensitive and causally-founded centrality measure based on the notion of intervention in graphical models. Operationally, this measure simplifies to an identifiable expression using Bayesian model reduction. As a proof of concept, the average DCM of the extended default mode network (eDMN) was computed in 74 healthy subjects. Next, causal centralities of different regions were computed for this causal graph, and compared against several graph-theoretical centralities. The results showed that the subcortical structures of the eDMN were more causally central than the cortical regions, even though the graph-theoretical centralities unanimously favored the latter. Importantly, model comparison revealed that only the pattern of causal centrality was causally relevant. These results are consistent with the crucial role of the subcortical structures in the neuromodulatory systems of the brain, and highlight their contribution to the organization of large-scale networks. Potential applications of causal centrality-to study causal models of other neurotypical and pathological functional networks-are discussed, and some future lines of research are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh S Zarghami
- Bio-Electric Department, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Roy B, Marshall RS. New Insight in Causal Pathways Following Subcortical Stroke: From Correlation to Causation. Neurology 2023; 100:271-272. [PMID: 36307227 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Roy
- From the Department of Neurology (B.R.), Yale School of Medicine, CT; and Columbia University Irving Medical Center (R.S.M.), NY
| | - Randolph S Marshall
- From the Department of Neurology (B.R.), Yale School of Medicine, CT; and Columbia University Irving Medical Center (R.S.M.), NY.
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