A wrapping clip combined with silastic sheet for emergent hemostasis: technical note

The surgical management of intraoperative intracranial internal carotid artery injury in open skull base surgery-a systematic review

Intraoperative internal carotid artery (ICA) injury during open skull base surgery is a catastrophic complication. Multiple techniques and management strategies have been reported for endoscopic skull base surgery; however, the literature on managing this complication in open skull base surgery is limited. To perform a systematic review and give an overview of the different techniques described to manage this complication intraoperatively, a systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase and Scopus for literature published until July 2021. Titles and abstracts were screened. Studies meeting prespecified inclusion criteria were reviewed in full. PRISMA guidelines were strictly adhered to. Out of 4492 articles, only 12 articles could be included, reflecting an underreporting of open skull base ICA injuries. Multiple techniques can be used depending on the location and size of the injury as well as the surgeon's experience. Described techniques include the following: a primary repair via a micro-suture or nonpenetrating clips; wrapping or plugging; coating; occlusion of the parent artery with or without a bypass; packing with further endovascular management. A treatment algorithm is proposed.

The sundt encircling clip as a vascular rescue: a case report and a review of repair methods for arterial tearing

The Sundt encircling clip was developed to repair defects of the vessel wall. With the advent of microvascular techniques, most parts of the damaged vessel wall during aneurysm surgery can be repaired by primary closure or by the bypass technique. However, these methods are not always successful. Here, we illustrate two cases of surgical clipping with the Sundt encircling clip in the ruptured internal carotid artery trunk aneurysm. The Sundt clip provides prompt control of unexpected tearing of the vessel wall or aneurysm and plays an important role in vascular rescue during aneurysm surgery.

Factors affecting outcome following treatment of patients with cavernous sinus meningiomas

Object

Although there is a considerable volume of literature available on the treatment of patients with cavernous sinus meningiomas (CSMs), most of the data regarding tumor control and survival come from case studies or single-institution series. The authors performed a meta-analysis of reported tumor control and survival rates of patients described in the published literature, with an emphasis on specific prognostic factors.

Methods

The authors systematically analyzed the published literature and found more than 3000 patients treated for CSMs. Separate meta-analyses were performed to calculate pooled rates of recurrence and cranial neuropathy after 1) gross-total resection, 2) subtotal resection without adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy or radiosurgery, and 3) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone. Results were expressed as pooled proportions, and random-effects models were used to incorporate any heterogeneity present to generate a pooled proportion. Individual studies were weighted using the inverse variance method, and 95% CIs for each group were calculated from the pooled proportions.

Results

A total of 2065 nonduplicated patients treated for CSM met inclusion criteria for the analysis. Comparisons of the 95% CIs for recurrence of these 3 cohorts revealed that SRS-treated patients experienced improved rates of recurrence (3.2% [95% CI 1.9–4.5%]) compared with either gross-total resection (11.8% [95% CI 7.4–16.1%]) or subtotal resection alone (11.1% [95% CI 6.6–15.7%]) (p < 0.01). The authors found that the pooled mixed-effects rate of cranial neuropathy was markedly higher in patients undergoing resection (59.6% [95% CI 50.3–67.5%]) than for those undergoing SRS alone (25.7% [95% CI 11.5–38.9%]) (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Radiosurgery provided improved rates of tumor control compared with surgery alone, regardless of the subjective extent of resection.

A silastic sheet found during endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy for acute dacryocystitis

Purpose

To report the case of a silastic sheet that was found during an endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy for treatment of acute dacryocystitis with necrosis of the lacrimal sac.

Methods

A thirty-two year old male presented with painful swelling on the nasal side of his left lower lid two weeks prior to visiting this clinic. Fourteen years ago, the patient was involved in a traffic accident and underwent surgery to reconstruct the ethmoidal sinus. Lacrimal sac massage showed a regurgitation of a purulent discharge from the left lower punctum. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with acute dacryocystitis and an endoscopic transnasal dacryocystostomy was performed the next day.

Results

The surgical finding showed severe necrosis around the lacrimal sac and a 20 × 15-mm sized silastic sheet was found crumpled within the purulent discharge. The sheet was removed, the lacrimal sac was irrigated with an antibiotic solution, and a silicone tube was intubated into the lacrimal pathway. After surgery, the painful swelling on the nasal side of left lower lid resolved gradually, and there were no symptomatic complications three months later.

Conclusions

We report the first case where a silastic sheet applied during a facial reconstruction had migrated adjacent to the lacrimal sac resulting in severe inflammation.

Repair of a tear at the base of a blister-like aneurysm with suturing and an encircling clip: technical note

OBJECTIVE

An aneurysm can produce large defects in the parent vessel if the aneurysm tears at the neck of the vessel. The authors present a technique to repair a tear at the base of a blister-like aneurysm encountered during microsurgical clipping of an anterior wall aneurysm of the internal carotid artery.

METHODS

The repair technique involved suturing and covering the aneurysm with an encircling aneurysm clip. A large tear had destroyed the vessel's tubular structure, and repair was not sufficient using an encircling clip alone. Two microsuture stitches were placed on the tear, so that a split artery re-formed a tubular structure. The lesion was then covered with Surgicel (Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, NJ) and fibrin glue. When the Surgicel and fibrin glue were applied, the temporary clip on the distal internal carotid artery was removed for a moment, allowing retrograde blood flow to provide the counterforce necessary to maintain the vessel's tubular structure. An encircling clip was then applied to cover the entire circumference of the lesion.

RESULTS

This method required only a short occlusion time for arterial repair, thus helping avoid ischemic complications. The patient awoke with transient hemiparesis, but recovery was prompt.

CONCLUSION

This technique is useful for repairing an aneurysmal tear at its base, especially if the tear is large.

New method for obliterative treatment of an anterior wall aneurysm in the internal carotid artery: encircling silicone sheet clip procedure--technical case report

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE

Aneurysms on the anterior surface of the internal carotid artery (ICA) have been shown to be somewhat different from ordinary berry aneurysms because they are rather small, grow rapidly in a short time, and easily lead to rupture, especially during surgery. The most difficult problem is that this type of aneurysm cannot be eliminated easily by an ordinary clipping procedure without causing apparent arterial stenosis or occlusion.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

A 52-year-old man experienced a subarachnoid hemorrhage because of a ruptured aneurysm located on the anterior surface of the ICA. The tiny aneurysmal body, which was covered with a layer of brain tissue, was successfully exposed. The ICA seemed to be atherosclerotic, and the aneurysmal portion was solitary and had a reddish color.

TECHNIQUE

A large silicone sheet encircling clip (Vascwrap; Mizuho Ikakogyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was selected for this patient. The proximal margin of the silicone sheet was incised with a V-shaped cut, and the middle part of the sheet, which covered the diagonal part of the ICA, was trimmed to make it shorter. The blade of the fenestrated clip was applied to obliterate the aneurysm and was attached to the normal arterial wall together with this modified Vascwrap sheet to create a small space between the normal arterial wall and the surrounding Vascwrap sheet. Then tiny pieces of Teflon fiber (E.I. duPont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE) was inserted from both margins, and the whole Vascwrap sheet was sealed with fibrin glue to ensure good adhesion.

CONCLUSION

This method seemed adequate in treating this difficult aneurysm without causing postoperative regrowth or occlusion of the patient's ICA.

A combination of wrapping and clipping using a collagen-impregnated dacron fabric (Hemashield)

BACKGROUND

We describe techniques combining wrapping and clipping using a collagen-impregnated Dacron knitted fabric (Hemashield) for accidental arterial perforations and broad-based aneurysms. The results of these techniques in seven patients are presented.

METHODS

Clip-reinforced wrapping was performed to obtain hemostasis in two patients with arterial perforations and in a patient with a ruptured broad-based aneurysm in the internal carotid artery. Clipping of the broad neck of the aneurysm and wrapping with Hemashield (wrap-clipping) was performed in four patients with unruptured aneurysms (one internal carotid artery, two middle cerebral artery, one basilar artery).

RESULTS

In the three patients treated with clip-reinforced wrapping, complete hemostasis was obtained just after clip application. In the patient with a ruptured broad-based aneurysm, postoperative angiography demonstrated that the dome of the aneurysm was well compressed. In the four patients treated with wrap-clipping, postoperative angiography revealed successful clipping of the broad neck of the aneurysm.

CONCLUSION

In this early experience, there were no problems in the use of Hemashield for clip-reinforced wrapping or wrap-clipping.