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Blondeau-Bidet E, Tine M, Gonzalez AA, Guinand B, Lorin-Nebel C. Coping with salinity extremes: Gill transcriptome profiling in the black-chinned tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172620. [PMID: 38642748 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Steeper and sometimes extreme salinity gradients increasingly affect aquatic organisms because of climate change. Hypersalinity habitats demand powerful physiological adaptive strategies. Few teleost species have the capacity to spend their whole life cycle in salinities way over seawater levels. Focusing on the multifunctional gill, we unraveled the tilapia S. melanotheron key strategies to cope with different environmental conditions, ranging from freshwater up to hypersaline habitats. De novo transcriptome assembly based on RNAseq allowed for the analysis of 40,967 annotated transcripts among samples collected in three wild populations at 0, 40 and 80 ‰. A trend analysis of the expression patterns revealed responses across the salinity gradient with different gene pathways involved. Genes linked to ion transport, pH regulation and cell surface receptor signaling were mainly upregulated in the high salinity habitat. We identified tight junction proteins that were critical in high salinity habitats and that were different from the well-known tightening junctional proteins identified and expressed in fresh water. Expression profiles also suggest a change in the vascular tone that could be linked to an osmorespiratory compromise not only in fresh water, but also in high salinity environments. A striking downregulation of genes linked to the immune system and to the heat shock response was observed suggesting an energetic trade-off between immunity and acclimation/adaptation in the hypersaline habitat. The high expression of transcripts coding for immune and heat shock response in the freshwater habitat suggests the establishment of powerful mechanisms to protect gills from environmental threats and to maintain protein integrity. Non-directional expression trends were also detected with an upregulation of genes only in the hypersaline habitat (80 ‰) or only in the marine habitat (40 ‰). Unravel physiological strategies in S. melanotheron populations will help to better understand the molecular basis of fish euryhalinity in salinity-contrasted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mbaye Tine
- UFR of Agricultural Sciences, Aquaculture and Food Technologies (UFR S2ATA), Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | | | - Bruno Guinand
- ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
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Yang S, Li D, Feng L, Zhang C, Xi D, Liu H, Yan C, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yan T, He Z, Wu J, Gong Q, Du J, Huang X, Du X. Transcriptome analysis reveals the high temperature induced damage is a significant factor affecting the osmotic function of gill tissue in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:2. [PMID: 36597034 PMCID: PMC9809011 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08969-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining osmotic equilibrium plays an important role in the survival of cold-water fishes. Heat stress has been proven to reduce the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase in the gill tissue, leading to destruction of the osmotic equilibrium. However, the mechanism of megatemperature affecting gill osmoregulation has not been fully elucidated. RESULTS In this study, Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) was used to analyze histopathological change, plasma ion level, and transcriptome of gill tissue subjected to 20℃, 24℃and 28℃. The results showed that ROS level and damage were increased in gill tissue with the increasing of heat stress temperature. Plasma Cl- level at 28℃ was distinctly lower than that at 20℃ and 24℃, while no significant difference was found in Na+ and K+ ion levels among different groups. Transcriptome analysis displayed that osmoregulation-, DNA-repair- and apoptosis-related terms or pathways were enriched in GO and KEGG analysis. Moreover, 194 osmoregulation-related genes were identified. Amongst, the expression of genes limiting ion outflow, occluding (OCLN), and ion absorption, solute carrier family 4, member 2 (AE2) solute carrier family 9, member 3 (NHE3) chloride channel 2 (CLC-2) were increased, while Na+/K+-ATPase alpha (NKA-a) expression was decreased after heat stress. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals for the first time that the effect of heat stress on damage and osmotic regulation in gill tissue of cold-water fishes. Heat stress increases the permeability of fish's gill tissue, and induces the gill tissue to keep ion balance through active ion absorption and passive ion outflow. Our study will contribute to research of global-warming-caused effects on cold-water fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Yang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Datian Li
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Langkun Feng
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Dandan Xi
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Hongli Liu
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Chaozhan Yan
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Zihan Xu
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Yunkun Li
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Taiming Yan
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Zhi He
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Jiayun Wu
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Quan Gong
- grid.465230.60000 0004 1777 7721Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066 Sichuan China
| | - Jun Du
- grid.465230.60000 0004 1777 7721Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066 Sichuan China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Xiaogang Du
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014 Sichuan China
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Tunnah L, Turko AJ, Wright PA. Skin ionocyte density of amphibious killifishes is shaped by phenotypic plasticity and constitutive interspecific differences. J Comp Physiol B 2022; 192:701-711. [PMID: 36056931 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-022-01457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
When amphibious fishes are on land, gill function is reduced or eliminated and the skin is hypothesized to act as a surrogate site of ionoregulation. Skin ionocytes are present in many fishes, particularly those with amphibious life histories. We used nine closely related killifishes spanning a range of amphibiousness to first test the hypothesis that amphibious killifishes have evolved constitutively increased skin ionocyte density to promote ionoregulation on land. We found that skin ionocyte densities were constitutively higher in five of seven amphibious species examined relative to exclusively water-breathing species when fish were prevented from leaving water, strongly supporting our hypothesis. Next, to examine the scope for plasticity, we tested the hypothesis that skin ionocyte density in amphibious fishes would respond plastically to air-exposure to promote ionoregulation in terrestrial environments. We found that air-exposure induced plasticity in skin ionocyte density only in the two species classified as highly amphibious, but not in moderately amphibious species. Specifically, skin ionocyte density significantly increased in Anablepsoides hartii (168%) and Kryptolebias marmoratus (37%) following a continuous air-exposure, and only in K. marmoratus (43%) following fluctuating air-exposure. Collectively, our data suggest that highly amphibious killifishes have evolved both increased skin ionocyte density as well as skin that is more responsive to air-exposure compared to exclusively water-breathing and less amphibious species. Our findings are consistent with the idea that gaining the capacity for cutaneous ionoregulation is a key evolutionary step that enables amphibious fishes to survive on land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Tunnah
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Andy J Turko
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Patricia A Wright
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Breves JP, Puterbaugh KM, Bradley SE, Hageman AE, Verspyck AJ, Shaw LH, Danielson EC, Hou Y. Molecular targets of prolactin in mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus): Ion transporters/channels, aquaporins, and claudins. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 325:114051. [PMID: 35533740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin (Prl) was identified over 60 years ago in mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus) as a "freshwater (FW)-adapting hormone", yet the cellular and molecular targets of Prl in this model teleost have remained unknown. Here, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of two mummichog Prl receptors (Prlrs), designated Prlra and Prlrb, prior to describing the tissue- and salinity-dependent expression of their associated mRNAs. We then administered ovine Prl (oPrl) to mummichogs held in brackish water and characterized the expression of genes associated with FW- and seawater (SW)-type ionocytes. Within FW-type ionocytes, oPrl stimulated the expression of Na+/Cl- cotransporter 2 (ncc2) and aquaporin 3 (aqp3). Alternatively, branchial Na+/H+ exchanger 2 and -3 (nhe2 and -3) expression did not respond to oPrl. Gene transcripts associated with SW-type ionocytes, including Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter 1 (nkcc1), cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator 1 (cftr1), and claudin 10f (cldn10f) were reduced by oPrl. Isolated gill filaments incubated with oPrl in vitro exhibited elevated ncc2 and prlra expression. Given the role of Aqps in supporting gastrointestinal fluid absorption, we assessed whether several intestinal aqp transcripts were responsive to oPrl and found that aqp1a and -8 levels were reduced by oPrl. Our collective data indicate that Prl promotes FW-acclimation in mummichogs by orchestrating the expression of solute transporters/channels, water channels, and tight-junction proteins across multiple osmoregulatory organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Breves
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
| | - Katie M Puterbaugh
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| | - Serena E Bradley
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| | - Annie E Hageman
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| | - Adrian J Verspyck
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| | - Lydia H Shaw
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Danielson
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| | - Yubo Hou
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
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Doyle D, Carney Almroth B, Sundell K, Simopoulou N, Sundh H. Transport and Barrier Functions in Rainbow Trout Trunk Skin Are Regulated by Environmental Salinity. Front Physiol 2022; 13:882973. [PMID: 35634157 PMCID: PMC9136037 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.882973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underpinning ionic transport and barrier function have been relatively well characterised in amphibians and fish. In teleost fish, these processes have mostly been characterised in the gill and intestine. In contrast, these processes remain much less clear for the trunk skin of fish. In this study, we measured barrier function and active transport in the trunk skin of the rainbow trout, using the Ussing chamber technique. The effects of epithelial damage, skin region, salinity, and pharmacological inhibition were tested. Skin barrier function decreased significantly after the infliction of a superficial wound through the removal of scales. Wound healing was already underway after 3 h and, after 24 h, there was no significant difference in barrier function towards ions between the wounded and control skin. In relation to salinity, skin permeability decreased drastically following exposure to freshwater, and increased following exposure to seawater. Changes in epithelial permeability were accompanied by salinity-dependent changes in transepithelial potential and short-circuit current. The results of this study support the idea that barrier function in rainbow trout trunk skin is regulated by tight junctions that rapidly respond to changes in salinity. The changes in transepithelial permeability and short circuit current also suggest the presence of an active transport component. Immunostaining and selective inhibition suggest that one active transport component is an apical V-ATPase. However, further research is required to determine the exact role of this transporter in the context of the trunk skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Doyle
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B Carney Almroth
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Sundell
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N Simopoulou
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Sundh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wang M, Wei J, Li H, Wang F. Changes in transepithelial electrical resistance and intracellular ion concentration in TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:2728-2738. [PMID: 35559413 PMCID: PMC9091112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the changes in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and ion concentrations, and their relationship in TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. METHODS RPE cell line ARPE-19 was employed and treated with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 to establish the EMT model in vitro. The EMT markers fibronectin, N-cadherin, occludin, zona occludens 1(ZO-1) and claudin-19 were investigated by western blot and immunofluorescence. CellZscope system was used to monitor the TEER values. Fluorescent probe, flow cytometry and automatic microplate reader were employed to detect the changes of Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Na+ and K+ in ARPE-19 cells. RESULTS The TGF-β1-induced EMT of ARPE-19 cells was marked by the disruption of the distribution of occludin, ZO-1, and claudin-19. The development of TEER was significantly disturbed in both TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 treatment groups. Also, the time course of the maximum slope indicated that the fastest decrease in TEER values occurred after 36 hours. The concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, and K+ increased in TGF-β1- and TGF-β2-treated ARPE-19 cells, while the concentration of Na+ decreased. Significant inverse correlations were detected between the concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, and K+ and TEER values in ARPE-19 cells treated with TGF-β1. The Na+ concentration and TEER values showed a positive correlation. Similar results were observed in the TGF-β2 treatment group. The time-effect analysis showed that the concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+ and K+ increased and peaked after 72, 72, 48, and 72 h, respectively, with the extension of TGF-β1 treatment time. In the TGF-β2 treatment group, the Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, and K+ concentrations were also upregulated and reached their highest after 72, 72, 72, and 36 h, respectively. In contrast, the concentration of Na+ decreased and reached the lowest after 48 h in the TGF-β1 treatment group and after 72 h in the TGF-β2 treatment group. CONCLUSION TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 disrupted the ARPE-19 cell monolayer, disturbed TJs integrity, downregulated TEER values, and changed intracellular ion permeability. These findings might help further understand the EMT of RPE cells during PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minli Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiayi Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Bright Eye HospitalShanghai 200336, China
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