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Paulissen E, Martin BL. A Chemically Inducible Muscle Ablation System for the Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2024; 21:243-249. [PMID: 38436568 PMCID: PMC11301710 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2023.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
An effective method for tissue-specific ablation in zebrafish is the nitroreductase (NTR)/metronidazole (MTZ) system. Expressing bacterial NTR in the presence of nitroimidazole compounds causes apoptotic cell death, which can be useful for understanding many biological processes. However, this requires tissue-specific expression of the NTR enzyme, and many tissues have yet to be targeted with transgenic lines that express NTR. We generated a transgenic zebrafish line expressing NTR in differentiated skeletal muscle. Treatment of embryos with MTZ caused muscle specific cell ablation. We demonstrate this line can be used to monitor muscle regeneration in whole embryos and in transplanted transgenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Paulissen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin L. Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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2
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Raghavan R, Coppola U, Wu Y, Ihewulezi C, Negrón-Piñeiro LJ, Maguire JE, Hong J, Cunningham M, Kim HJ, Albert TJ, Ali AM, Saint-Jeannet JP, Ristoratore F, Dahia CL, Di Gregorio A. Gene expression in notochord and nuclei pulposi: a study of gene families across the chordate phylum. BMC Ecol Evol 2023; 23:63. [PMID: 37891482 PMCID: PMC10605842 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-023-02167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition from notochord to vertebral column is a crucial milestone in chordate evolution and in prenatal development of all vertebrates. As ossification of the vertebral bodies proceeds, involutions of residual notochord cells into the intervertebral discs form the nuclei pulposi, shock-absorbing structures that confer flexibility to the spine. Numerous studies have outlined the developmental and evolutionary relationship between notochord and nuclei pulposi. However, the knowledge of the similarities and differences in the genetic repertoires of these two structures remains limited, also because comparative studies of notochord and nuclei pulposi across chordates are complicated by the gene/genome duplication events that led to extant vertebrates. Here we show the results of a pilot study aimed at bridging the information on these two structures. We have followed in different vertebrates the evolutionary trajectory of notochord genes identified in the invertebrate chordate Ciona, and we have evaluated the extent of conservation of their expression in notochord cells. Our results have uncovered evolutionarily conserved markers of both notochord development and aging/degeneration of the nuclei pulposi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Raghavan
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Ugo Coppola
- Stazione Zoologica 'A. Dohrn', Villa Comunale 1, 80121, Naples, Italy
- Present Address: Molecular Cardiovascular Biology Division and Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Yushi Wu
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Chibuike Ihewulezi
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Lenny J Negrón-Piñeiro
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Julie E Maguire
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Justin Hong
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Matthew Cunningham
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Han Jo Kim
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Todd J Albert
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Abdullah M Ali
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | | | - Chitra L Dahia
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Anna Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
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3
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Miller MJ, Marcotte GR, Basisty N, Wehrfritz C, Ryan ZC, Strub MD, McKeen AT, Stern JI, Nath KA, Rasmussen BB, Judge AR, Schilling B, Ebert SM, Adams CM. The transcription regulator ATF4 is a mediator of skeletal muscle aging. GeroScience 2023; 45:2525-2543. [PMID: 37014538 PMCID: PMC10071239 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging slowly erodes skeletal muscle strength and mass, eventually leading to profound functional deficits and muscle atrophy. The molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle aging are not well understood. To better understand mechanisms of muscle aging, we investigated the potential role of ATF4, a transcription regulatory protein that can rapidly promote skeletal muscle atrophy in young animals deprived of adequate nutrition or activity. To test the hypothesis that ATF4 may be involved in skeletal muscle aging, we studied fed and active muscle-specific ATF4 knockout mice (ATF4 mKO mice) at 6 months of age, when wild-type mice have achieved peak muscle mass and function, and at 22 months of age, when wild-type mice have begun to manifest age-related muscle atrophy and weakness. We found that 6-month-old ATF4 mKO mice develop normally and are phenotypically indistinguishable from 6-month-old littermate control mice. However, as ATF4 mKO mice become older, they exhibit significant protection from age-related declines in strength, muscle quality, exercise capacity, and muscle mass. Furthermore, ATF4 mKO muscles are protected from some of the transcriptional changes characteristic of normal muscle aging (repression of certain anabolic mRNAs and induction of certain senescence-associated mRNAs), and ATF4 mKO muscles exhibit altered turnover of several proteins with important roles in skeletal muscle structure and metabolism. Collectively, these data suggest ATF4 as an essential mediator of skeletal muscle aging and provide new insight into a degenerative process that impairs the health and quality of life of many older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Miller
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - George R Marcotte
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Nathan Basisty
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Zachary C Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Matthew D Strub
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | - Jennifer I Stern
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Karl A Nath
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Blake B Rasmussen
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew R Judge
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Scott M Ebert
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, MN, USA.
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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4
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de Azevedo PG, Guimarães MDLR, Albuquerque ALB, Alves RB, Gomes Fernandes B, Marques de Melo F, Guimaraes Corrêa Do Carmo Lisboa Cardenas R, Friedman E, De Marco L, Bastos-Rodrigues L. Whole-exome identifies germline variants in families with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Front Genet 2023; 14:1137817. [PMID: 37229194 PMCID: PMC10203477 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1137817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) (OMIM #107650) is characterized by complete or partial obstruction of the upper airways, resulting in periods of sleep associated apnea. OSAS increases morbidity and mortality risk from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. While heritability of OSAS is estimated at ∼40%, the precise underlying genes remain elusive. Brazilian families with OSAS that follows as seemingly autosomal dominant inheritance pattern were recruited. Methods: The study included nine individuals from two Brazilian families displaying a seemingly autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of OSAS. Whole exome sequencing of germline DNA were analyzed using Mendel, MD software. Variants selected were analyzed using Varstation® with subsequent analyses that included validation by Sanger sequencing, pathogenic score assessment by ACMG criteria, co-segregation analyses (when possible) allele frequency, tissue expression patterns, pathway analyses, effect on protein folding modeling using Swiss-Model and RaptorX. Results: Two families (six affected patients and three unaffected controls) were analyzed. A comprehensive multistep analysis yielded variants in COX20 (rs946982087) (family A), PTPDC1 (rs61743388) and TMOD4 (rs141507115) (family B) that seemed to be strong candidate genes for being OSAS associated genes in these families. Conclusion: Sequence variants in COX20, PTPDC1 and TMOD4 seemingly are associated with OSAS phenotype in these families. Further studies in more, ethnically diverse families and non-familial OSAS cases are needed to better define the role of these variants as contributors to OSAS phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Guimarães de Azevedo
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Anna Luiza Braga Albuquerque
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rayane Benfica Alves
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bianca Gomes Fernandes
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flavia Marques de Melo
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Eitan Friedman
- The Preventive Personalized Medicine Center, Assuta Medical Center and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Luiz De Marco
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana Bastos-Rodrigues
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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5
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Zapater I Morales C, Carman PJ, Soffar DB, Windner SE, Dominguez R, Baylies MK. Drosophila Tropomodulin is required for multiple actin-dependent processes within developing myofibers. Development 2023; 150:dev201194. [PMID: 36806912 PMCID: PMC10112908 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Proper muscle contraction requires the assembly and maintenance of sarcomeres and myofibrils. Although the protein components of myofibrils are generally known, less is known about the mechanisms by which they individually function and together synergize for myofibril assembly and maintenance. For example, it is unclear how the disruption of actin filament (F-actin) regulatory proteins leads to the muscle weakness observed in myopathies. Here, we show that knockdown of Drosophila Tropomodulin (Tmod), results in several myopathy-related phenotypes, including reduction of muscle cell (myofiber) size, increased sarcomere length, disorganization and misorientation of myofibrils, ectopic F-actin accumulation, loss of tension-mediating proteins at the myotendinous junction, and misshaped and internalized nuclei. Our findings support and extend the tension-driven self-organizing myofibrillogenesis model. We show that, like its mammalian counterpart, Drosophila Tmod caps F-actin pointed-ends, and we propose that this activity is crucial for cellular processes in different locations within the myofiber that directly and indirectly contribute to the maintenance of muscle function. Our findings provide significant insights to the role of Tmod in muscle development, maintenance and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Zapater I Morales
- Biochemistry, Cell & Developmental Biology, and Molecular Biology (BCMB) program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering, Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Peter J Carman
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David B Soffar
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering, Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stefanie E Windner
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering, Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Roberto Dominguez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mary K Baylies
- Biochemistry, Cell & Developmental Biology, and Molecular Biology (BCMB) program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering, Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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6
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Douek AM, Klein EI, Kaslin J, Currie PD, Ruparelia AA. Cellular and Molecular Characterization of the Effects of the Zebrafish Embryo Genotyper Protocol. Zebrafish 2021; 18:92-95. [PMID: 33481695 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zebrafish Embryo Genotyper (ZEG) device provides a promising tool for genotyping live embryos. Although the gross morphology and survival of embryos after the use of ZEG are unaffected, the cellular and molecular effects of the ZEG protocol remain unknown. To address this, we have examined the integrity of specific tissues, and evaluated the expression of stress-responsive genes to determine the impact of the ZEG protocol. Our analyses reveal that although ZEG results in a low-level acute stress response, no long-lasting effects are evident, supporting its utilization for a variety of downstream assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon M Douek
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Emma I Klein
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Peter D Currie
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Avnika A Ruparelia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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7
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Abstract
A long-standing question, particularly in physiotherapy and sports medicine, is whether time of day affects muscle metabolism and hence growth, either intrinsically or in response to exercise or nutrition. Answers would help to identify the best time of day to exercise, build muscle, and prevent aging- or disease-related sarcopenia. Here, we address this question in live zebrafish myotome in vivo, without interference from other circadian oscillations such as locomotor activity and food intake. We show that active muscle anabolizes more in the day and grows faster, while catabolizing more at night and growing slower. Such day/night differences remain in inactive muscle but disappear after clock disruption. We conclude that muscles display circadian differences in growth independent of activity and feeding. Muscle tissue shows diurnal variations in function, physiology, and metabolism. Whether such variations are dependent on the circadian clock per se or are secondary to circadian differences in physical activity and feeding pattern is unclear. By measuring muscle growth over 12-h periods in live prefeeding larval zebrafish, we show that muscle grows more during day than night. Expression of dominant negative CLOCK (ΔCLK), which inhibits molecular clock function, ablates circadian differences and reduces muscle growth. Inhibition of muscle contraction reduces growth in both day and night, but does not ablate the day/night difference. The circadian clock and physical activity are both required to promote higher muscle protein synthesis during the day compared to night, whereas markers of protein degradation, murf messenger RNAs, are higher at night. Proteasomal inhibitors increase muscle growth at night, irrespective of physical activity, but have no effect during the day. Although physical activity enhances TORC1 activity, and the TORC1 inhibitor rapamycin inhibits clock-driven daytime growth, no effect on muscle growth at night was detected. Importantly, day/night differences in 1) muscle growth, 2) protein synthesis, and 3) murf expression all persist in entrained larvae under free-running constant conditions, indicating circadian drive. Removal of circadian input by exposure to either permanent darkness or light leads to suboptimal muscle growth. We conclude that diurnal variations in muscle growth and metabolism are a circadian property that is independent of, but augmented by, physical activity, at least during development.
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8
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Wang S, Raza SHA, Mei C, Zhu K, Garcia M, Schreurs NM, Liang C, Yang X, Zan L. Transcriptome profiling reveals differential expression of genes potentially involved in muscle and adipose tissue development of cattle. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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9
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Hall TE, Martel N, Ariotti N, Xiong Z, Lo HP, Ferguson C, Rae J, Lim YW, Parton RG. In vivo cell biological screening identifies an endocytic capture mechanism for T-tubule formation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3711. [PMID: 32709891 PMCID: PMC7381618 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle T-tubule is a specialized membrane domain essential for coordinated muscle contraction. However, in the absence of genetically tractable systems the mechanisms involved in T-tubule formation are unknown. Here, we use the optically transparent and genetically tractable zebrafish system to probe T-tubule development in vivo. By combining live imaging of transgenic markers with three-dimensional electron microscopy, we derive a four-dimensional quantitative model for T-tubule formation. To elucidate the mechanisms involved in T-tubule formation in vivo, we develop a quantitative screen for proteins that associate with and modulate early T-tubule formation, including an overexpression screen of the entire zebrafish Rab protein family. We propose an endocytic capture model involving firstly, formation of dynamic endocytic tubules at transient nucleation sites on the sarcolemma, secondly, stabilization by myofibrils/sarcoplasmic reticulum and finally, delivery of membrane from the recycling endosome and Golgi complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Hall
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Nick Martel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas Ariotti
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Zherui Xiong
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Harriet P Lo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Charles Ferguson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - James Rae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ye-Wheen Lim
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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10
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Berger J, Li M, Berger S, Meilak M, Rientjes J, Currie PD. Effect of Ataluren on dystrophin mutations. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6680-6689. [PMID: 32343037 PMCID: PMC7299694 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a severe muscle wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene (dmd). Ataluren has been approved by the European Medicines Agency for treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Ataluren has been reported to promote ribosomal read‐through of premature stop codons, leading to restoration of full‐length dystrophin protein. However, the mechanism of Ataluren action has not been fully described. To evaluate the efficacy of Ataluren on all three premature stop codons featuring different termination strengths (UAA > UAG > UGA), novel dystrophin‐deficient zebrafish were generated. Pathological assessment of the muscle by birefringence quantification, a tool to directly measure muscle integrity, did not reveal a significant effect of Ataluren on any of the analysed dystrophin‐deficient mutants at 3 days after fertilization. Functional analysis of the musculature at 6 days after fertilization by direct measurement of the generated force revealed a significant improvement by Ataluren only for the UAA‐carrying mutant dmdta222a. Interestingly however, all other analysed dystrophin‐deficient mutants were not affected by Ataluren, including the dmdpc3 and dmdpc2 mutants that harbour weaker premature stop codons UAG and UGA, respectively. These in vivo results contradict reported in vitro data on Ataluren efficacy, suggesting that Ataluren might not promote read‐through of premature stop codons. In addition, Ataluren had no effect on dystrophin transcript levels, but mild adverse effects on wild‐type larvae were identified. Further assessment of N‐terminally truncated dystrophin opened the possibility of Ataluren promoting alternative translation codons within dystrophin, thereby potentially shifting the patient cohort applicable for Ataluren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Berger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.,Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Mei Li
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.,Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Silke Berger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.,Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Michelle Meilak
- Monash Genome Modification Platform, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Jeanette Rientjes
- Monash Genome Modification Platform, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Peter D Currie
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.,Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, Vic, Australia
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11
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Abstract
Sarcopenia - the accelerated age-related loss of muscle mass and function - is an under-diagnosed condition, and is central to deteriorating mobility, disability and frailty in older age. There is a lack of treatment options for older adults at risk of sarcopenia. Although sarcopenia's pathogenesis is multifactorial, its major phenotypes - muscle mass and muscle strength - are highly heritable. Several genome-wide association studies of muscle-related traits were published recently, providing dozens of candidate genes, many with unknown function. Therefore, animal models are required not only to identify causal mechanisms, but also to clarify the underlying biology and translate this knowledge into new interventions. Over the past several decades, small teleost fishes had emerged as powerful systems for modeling the genetics of human diseases. Owing to their amenability to rapid genetic intervention and the large number of conserved genetic and physiological features, small teleosts - such as zebrafish, medaka and killifish - have become indispensable for skeletal muscle genomic studies. The goal of this Review is to summarize evidence supporting the utility of small fish models for accelerating our understanding of human skeletal muscle in health and disease. We do this by providing a basic foundation of the (zebra)fish skeletal muscle morphology and physiology, and evidence of muscle-related gene homology. We also outline challenges in interpreting zebrafish mutant phenotypes and in translating them to human disease. Finally, we conclude with recommendations on future directions to leverage the large body of tools developed in small fish for the needs of genomic exploration in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Daya
- The Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Michmoret 40297, Israel
| | - Rajashekar Donaka
- The Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 130010, Israel
| | - David Karasik
- The Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 130010, Israel
- Hebrew SeniorLife, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, MA 02131, USA
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12
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Walpitagama M, Carve M, Douek AM, Trestrail C, Bai Y, Kaslin J, Wlodkowic D. Additives migrating from 3D-printed plastic induce developmental toxicity and neuro-behavioural alterations in early life zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 213:105227. [PMID: 31226596 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of exposure to 3D-printed plastics as well as potential migration of toxic chemicals from 3D-printed plastics remains largely unexplored. In this work we applied leachates from plastics fabricated using a stereolithography (SLA) process to early developmental stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to investigate developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity. Migration of unpolymerized photoinitiator, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK) from a plastic solid phase to aqueous media at up to 200 mg/L in the first 24 h was detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both plastic extracts (LC50 22.25% v/v) and 1-HCHPK (LC50 60 mg/L) induced mortality and teratogenicity within 48 h of exposure. Developmental toxicity correlated with in situ generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an increase in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation markers and enhanced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in embryos exposed to concentrations as low as 20% v/v for plastic extracts and 16 mg/L for 1-HCHPK. ROS-induced cellular damage led to induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis which could be pharmacologically inhibited with both antioxidant ascorbic acid and a pan-caspase inhibitor. Neuro-behavioral analysis showed that exposure to plastic leachates reduced spontaneous embryonic movement in 24-36 hpf embryos. Plastic extracts in concentrations above 20% v/v induced rapid retardation of locomotion, changes in photomotor response and habituation to photic stimuli with progressive paralysis in 120 hpf larvae. Significantly decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with lack of any CNS-specific apoptotic phenotypes as well as lack of changes in motor neuron density, axonal growth, muscle segment integrity or presence of myoseptal defects were detected upon exposure to plastic extracts during embryogenesis. Considering implications of the results for environmental risk assessment and the growing usage of 3D-printing technologies, we speculate that some 3D-printed plastic waste may represent a significant and yet very poorly uncharacterized environmental hazard that merits further investigation on a range of aquatic and terrestrial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milanga Walpitagama
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Megan Carve
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Alon M Douek
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Charlene Trestrail
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Yutao Bai
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Donald Wlodkowic
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia.
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13
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Berger J, Berger S, Li M, Jacoby AS, Arner A, Bavi N, Stewart AG, Currie PD. In Vivo Function of the Chaperonin TRiC in α-Actin Folding during Sarcomere Assembly. Cell Rep 2019; 22:313-322. [PMID: 29320728 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The TCP-1 ring complex (TRiC) is a multi-subunit group II chaperonin that assists nascent or misfolded proteins to attain their native conformation in an ATP-dependent manner. Functional studies in yeast have suggested that TRiC is an essential and generalized component of the protein-folding machinery of eukaryotic cells. However, TRiC's involvement in specific cellular processes within multicellular organisms is largely unknown because little validation of TRiC function exists in animals. Our in vivo analysis reveals a surprisingly specific role of TRiC in the biogenesis of skeletal muscle α-actin during sarcomere assembly in myofibers. TRiC acts at the sarcomere's Z-disk, where it is required for efficient assembly of actin thin filaments. Binding of ATP specifically by the TRiC subunit Cct5 is required for efficient actin folding in vivo. Furthermore, mutant α-actin isoforms that result in nemaline myopathy in patients obtain their pathogenic conformation via this function of TRiC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Berger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Silke Berger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mei Li
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arie S Jacoby
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Anders Arner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Navid Bavi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alastair G Stewart
- Molecular, Structural and Computational Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Peter D Currie
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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14
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Abstract
Nemaline myopathy (NM) is among the most common non-dystrophic congenital myopathies (incidence 1:50.000). Hallmark features of NM are skeletal muscle weakness and the presence of nemaline bodies in the muscle fiber. The clinical phenotype of NM patients is quite diverse, ranging from neonatal death to normal lifespan with almost normal motor function. As the respiratory muscles are involved as well, severely affected patients are ventilator-dependent. The mechanisms underlying muscle weakness in NM are currently poorly understood. Therefore, no therapeutic treatment is available yet. Eleven implicated genes have been identified: ten genes encode proteins that are either components of thin filament, or are thought to contribute to stability or turnover of thin filament proteins. The thin filament is a major constituent of the sarcomere, the smallest contractile unit in muscle. It is at this level of contraction – thin-thick filament interaction – where muscle weakness originates in NM patients. This review focusses on how sarcomeric gene mutations directly compromise sarcomere function in NM. Insight into the contribution of sarcomeric dysfunction to muscle weakness in NM, across the genes involved, will direct towards the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Coen A.C. Ottenheijm
- Correspondence to: Coen Ottenheijm, PhD, Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, O|2 building, 12W-51, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 20 4448123; Fax: +31 20 4448124; E-mail:
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15
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Dancevic CM, Gibert Y, Berger J, Smith AD, Liongue C, Stupka N, Ward AC, McCulloch DR. The ADAMTS5 Metzincin Regulates Zebrafish Somite Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29518972 PMCID: PMC5877627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ADAMTS5 metzincin, a secreted zinc-dependent metalloproteinase, modulates the extracellular matrix (ECM) during limb morphogenesis and other developmental processes. Here, the role of ADAMTS5 was investigated by knockdown of zebrafish adamts5 during embryogenesis. This revealed impaired Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling during somite patterning and early myogenesis. Notably, synergistic regulation of myod expression by ADAMTS5 and Shh during somite differentiation was observed. These roles were not dependent upon the catalytic activity of ADAMTS5. These data identify a non-enzymatic function for ADAMTS5 in regulating an important cell signaling pathway that impacts on muscle development, with implications for musculoskeletal diseases in which ADAMTS5 and Shh have been associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Dancevic
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Yann Gibert
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Joachim Berger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Adam D Smith
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Nicole Stupka
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Daniel R McCulloch
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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16
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Wang R, Su C, Wang X, Fu Q, Gao X, Zhang C, Yang J, Yang X, Wei M. Global gene expression analysis combined with a genomics approach for the identification of signal transduction networks involved in postnatal mouse myocardial proliferation and development. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:311-321. [PMID: 29115400 PMCID: PMC5746306 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cardiomyocytes may permanently lose their ability to proliferate after birth. Therefore, studying the proliferation and growth arrest of cardiomyocytes during the postnatal period may enhance the current understanding regarding this molecular mechanism. The present study identified the differentially expressed genes in hearts obtained from 24 h-old mice, which contain proliferative cardiomyocytes; 7-day-old mice, in which the cardiomyocytes are undergoing a proliferative burst; and 10-week-old mice, which contain growth-arrested cardiomyocytes, using global gene expression analysis. Furthermore, myocardial proliferation and growth arrest were analyzed from numerous perspectives, including Gene Ontology annotation, cluster analysis, pathway enrichment and network construction. The results of a Gene Ontology analysis indicated that, with increasing age, enriched gene function was not only associated with cell cycle, cell division and mitosis, but was also associated with metabolic processes and protein synthesis. In the pathway analysis, 'cell cycle', proliferation pathways, such as the 'PI3K-AKT signaling pathway', and 'metabolic pathways' were well represented. Notably, the cluster analysis revealed that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)1, BMP10, cyclin E2, E2F transcription factor 1 and insulin like growth factor 1 exhibited increased expression in hearts obtained from 7-day-old mice. In addition, the signal transduction pathway associated with the cell cycle was identified. The present study primarily focused on genes with altered expression, including downregulated anaphase promoting complex subunit 1, cell division cycle (CDC20), cyclin dependent kinase 1, MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor and CDC25C, and upregulated growth arrest and DNA damage inducible α in 10-week group, which may serve important roles in postnatal myocardial cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, these data may provide important information regarding myocardial proliferation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Chao Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Xinting Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Xingjie Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Minxin Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
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17
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Nguyen PD, Gurevich DB, Sonntag C, Hersey L, Alaei S, Nim HT, Siegel A, Hall TE, Rossello FJ, Boyd SE, Polo JM, Currie PD. Muscle Stem Cells Undergo Extensive Clonal Drift during Tissue Growth via Meox1-Mediated Induction of G2 Cell-Cycle Arrest. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 21:107-119.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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19
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Masselink W, Cole NJ, Fenyes F, Berger S, Sonntag C, Wood A, Nguyen PD, Cohen N, Knopf F, Weidinger G, Hall TE, Currie PD. A somitic contribution to the apical ectodermal ridge is essential for fin formation. Nature 2016; 535:542-6. [DOI: 10.1038/nature18953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Gurevich DB, Nguyen PD, Siegel AL, Ehrlich OV, Sonntag C, Phan JMN, Berger S, Ratnayake D, Hersey L, Berger J, Verkade H, Hall TE, Currie PD. Asymmetric division of clonal muscle stem cells coordinates muscle regeneration in vivo. Science 2016; 353:aad9969. [PMID: 27198673 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad9969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is an example of a tissue that deploys a self-renewing stem cell, the satellite cell, to effect regeneration. Recent in vitro studies have highlighted a role for asymmetric divisions in renewing rare "immortal" stem cells and generating a clonal population of differentiation-competent myoblasts. However, this model currently lacks in vivo validation. We define a zebrafish muscle stem cell population analogous to the mammalian satellite cell and image the entire process of muscle regeneration from injury to fiber replacement in vivo. This analysis reveals complex interactions between satellite cells and both injured and uninjured fibers and provides in vivo evidence for the asymmetric division of satellite cells driving both self-renewal and regeneration via a clonally restricted progenitor pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Gurevich
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Phong Dang Nguyen
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ashley L Siegel
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ophelia V Ehrlich
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Carmen Sonntag
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jennifer M N Phan
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Silke Berger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dhanushika Ratnayake
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Lucy Hersey
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Joachim Berger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Heather Verkade
- School of Biological Sciences, Building 18, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Thomas E Hall
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Peter D Currie
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Level 1, 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Melbourne Node, Level 1, Building 75, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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21
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Mukherjee K, Ishii K, Pillalamarri V, Kammin T, Atkin JF, Hickey SE, Xi QJ, Zepeda CJ, Gusella JF, Talkowski ME, Morton CC, Maas RL, Liao EC. Actin capping protein CAPZB regulates cell morphology, differentiation, and neural crest migration in craniofacial morphogenesis†. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:1255-70. [PMID: 26758871 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CAPZB is an actin-capping protein that caps the growing end of F-actin and modulates the cytoskeleton and tethers actin filaments to the Z-line of the sarcomere in muscles. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a subject with micrognathia, cleft palate and hypotonia that harbored a de novo, balanced chromosomal translocation that disrupts the CAPZB gene. The function of capzb was analyzed in the zebrafish model. capzb(-/-) mutants exhibit both craniofacial and muscle defects that recapitulate the phenotypes observed in the human subject. Loss of capzb affects cell morphology, differentiation and neural crest migration. Differentiation of both myogenic stem cells and neural crest cells requires capzb. During palate morphogenesis, defective cranial neural crest cell migration in capzb(-/-) mutants results in loss of the median cell population, creating a cleft phenotype. capzb is also required for trunk neural crest migration, as evident from melanophores disorganization in capzb(-/-) mutants. In addition, capzb over-expression results in embryonic lethality. Therefore, proper capzb dosage is important during embryogenesis, and regulates both cell behavior and tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusumika Mukherjee
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kana Ishii
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Vamsee Pillalamarri
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tammy Kammin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
| | - Joan F Atkin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, Division of Molecular and Human Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Scott E Hickey
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, Division of Molecular and Human Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Qiongchao J Xi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - James F Gusella
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael E Talkowski
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cynthia C Morton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Department of Pathology and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eric C Liao
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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22
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Gokhin DS, Ochala J, Domenighetti AA, Fowler VM. Tropomodulin 1 directly controls thin filament length in both wild-type and tropomodulin 4-deficient skeletal muscle. Development 2015; 142:4351-62. [PMID: 26586224 DOI: 10.1242/dev.129171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The sarcomeric tropomodulin (Tmod) isoforms Tmod1 and Tmod4 cap thin filament pointed ends and functionally interact with the leiomodin (Lmod) isoforms Lmod2 and Lmod3 to control myofibril organization, thin filament lengths, and actomyosin crossbridge formation in skeletal muscle fibers. Here, we show that Tmod4 is more abundant than Tmod1 at both the transcript and protein level in a variety of muscle types, but the relative abundances of sarcomeric Tmods are muscle specific. We then generate Tmod4(-/-) mice, which exhibit normal thin filament lengths, myofibril organization, and skeletal muscle contractile function owing to compensatory upregulation of Tmod1, together with an Lmod isoform switch wherein Lmod3 is downregulated and Lmod2 is upregulated. However, RNAi depletion of Tmod1 from either wild-type or Tmod4(-/-) muscle fibers leads to thin filament elongation by ∼15%. Thus, Tmod1 per se, rather than total sarcomeric Tmod levels, controls thin filament lengths in mouse skeletal muscle, whereas Tmod4 appears to be dispensable for thin filament length regulation. These findings identify Tmod1 as the key direct regulator of thin filament length in skeletal muscle, in both adult muscle homeostasis and in developmentally compensated contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Gokhin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Julien Ochala
- Centre of Human and Aerospace Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Andrea A Domenighetti
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Velia M Fowler
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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23
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Berger J, Hall TE, Currie PD. Novel transgenic lines to label sarcolemma and myofibrils of the musculature. Zebrafish 2015; 12:124-5. [PMID: 25554853 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2014.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Berger
- 1 Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University , Clayton, VIC, Australia
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