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Xia Q, Huang X, Huang J, Zheng Y, March ME, Li J, Wei Y. The Role of Autophagy in Skeletal Muscle Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:638983. [PMID: 33841177 PMCID: PMC8027491 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.638983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of tissue in human body, being involved in diverse activities and maintaining a finely tuned metabolic balance. Autophagy, characterized by the autophagosome–lysosome system with the involvement of evolutionarily conserved autophagy-related genes, is an important catabolic process and plays an essential role in energy generation and consumption, as well as substance turnover processes in skeletal muscles. Autophagy in skeletal muscles is finely tuned under the tight regulation of diverse signaling pathways, and the autophagy pathway has cross-talk with other pathways to form feedback loops under physiological conditions and metabolic stress. Altered autophagy activity characterized by either increased formation of autophagosomes or inhibition of lysosome-autophagosome fusion can lead to pathological cascades, and mutations in autophagy genes and deregulation of autophagy pathways have been identified as one of the major causes for a variety of skeleton muscle disorders. The advancement of multi-omics techniques enables further understanding of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying the role of autophagy in skeletal muscle disorders, which may yield novel therapeutic targets for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Xia
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xubo Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieru Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Zheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael E March
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jin Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Wei
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Cotta A, Carvalho E, da-Cunha-Junior AL, Navarro MM, Menezes MM, Paim JF, Valicek J, Lima MI, Velloso-Filho R, Freire-Lyra MH, Takata RI, Inoue M, Okubo M, Iida A, Nishino I. Clinical, imaging, morphologic, and molecular features of X-linked VMA21-related myopathy in two unrelated Brazilian families. J Neurol Sci 2020; 415:116977. [PMID: 32535249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cotta
- Department of Pathology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Belo Horizonte, (MG), Brazil.
| | - Elmano Carvalho
- Department of Neurophysiology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Belo Horizonte, (MG), Brazil.
| | | | - Monica M Navarro
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Belo Horizonte, (MG), Brazil.
| | - Miriam M Menezes
- Department of Neurology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Belo Horizonte, (MG), Brazil.
| | - Julia F Paim
- Department of Pathology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Belo Horizonte, (MG), Brazil.
| | - Jaquelin Valicek
- Department of Neurophysiology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Belo Horizonte, (MG), Brazil.
| | - Maria Isabel Lima
- Department of Electron Microscopy, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasilia, (DF), Brazil.
| | - Roberto Velloso-Filho
- Department of Radiology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Belo Horizonte, (MG), Brazil..
| | | | - Reinaldo I Takata
- Department of Molecular Biology, SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasilia, (DF), Brazil.
| | - Michio Inoue
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience; and Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP). 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mariko Okubo
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience; and Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP). 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Aritoshi Iida
- Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP). 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience; and Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP). 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP). 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
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van Putten M, Hmeljak J, Aartsma-Rus A, Dowling JJ. Moving neuromuscular disorders research forward: from novel models to clinical studies. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm044370. [PMID: 32224497 PMCID: PMC7055363 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.044370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) encompass a diverse group of genetic diseases characterized by loss of muscle functionality. Despite extensive efforts to develop therapies, no curative treatment exists for any of the NMDs. For multiple disorders, however, therapeutic strategies are currently being tested in clinical settings, and the first successful treatments have now entered clinical practice (e.g. spinraza for spinal muscular atrophy). Successful clinical translation depends on the quality and translatability of preclinical findings and on the predictive value of the experimental models used in their initial development. This Special Issue of Disease Models & Mechanisms has a particular focus on translational research for NMDs. The collection includes original research focusing on advances in the development of novel in vitro and in vivo models, broader understanding of disease pathology and progression, and approaches to modify the disease course in these models. We also present a series of special articles and reviews that highlight our understanding of cellular mechanisms, biomarkers to tract disease pathology, the diversity of mouse models for NMDs, the importance of high-quality preclinical studies and data validation, and the pitfalls of successfully moving a potential therapeutic strategy to the clinic. In this Editorial, we summarize the highlights of these articles and place their findings in the broader context of the NMD research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike van Putten
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Julija Hmeljak
- Disease Models & Mechanisms, The Company of Biologists, Bidder Building, Station Road, Histon, Cambridge CB24 9LF, UK
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - James J Dowling
- Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), Bay St., 14th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
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First person – Stephanie Fernandes. Dis Model Mech 2020. [PMCID: PMC6994942 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.043851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Stephanie Fernandes is first author on ‘Altered in vitro muscle differentiation in X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy’, published in DMM. Stephanie conducted the research described in this article while a master's degree student in Mariz Vainzof's lab at the Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. She is now a PhD student in the lab of Constantinos Demetriades at Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany, investigating how nutritional status can regulate cell growth in health and age-related disease.
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