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Goh KY, Lee WX, Choy SM, Priyadarshini GK, Chua K, Tan QH, Low SY, Chin HS, Wong CS, Huang SY, Fu NY, Nishiyama J, Harmston N, Tang HW. FOXO-regulated DEAF1 controls muscle regeneration through autophagy. Autophagy 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38963021 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2374693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The commonality between various muscle diseases is the loss of muscle mass, function, and regeneration, which severely restricts mobility and impairs the quality of life. With muscle stem cells (MuSCs) playing a key role in facilitating muscle repair, targeting regulators of muscle regeneration has been shown to be a promising therapeutic approach to repair muscles. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving muscle regeneration are complex and poorly understood. Here, we identified a new regulator of muscle regeneration, Deaf1 (Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1) - a transcriptional factor downstream of foxo signaling. We showed that Deaf1 is transcriptionally repressed by FOXOs and that DEAF1 targets to Pik3c3 and Atg16l1 promoter regions and suppresses their expression. Deaf1 depletion therefore induces macroautophagy/autophagy, which in turn blocks MuSC survival and differentiation. In contrast, Deaf1 overexpression inactivates autophagy in MuSCs, leading to increased protein aggregation and cell death. The fact that Deaf1 depletion and its overexpression both lead to defects in muscle regeneration highlights the importance of fine tuning DEAF1-regulated autophagy during muscle regeneration. We further showed that Deaf1 expression is altered in aging and cachectic MuSCs. Manipulation of Deaf1 expression can attenuate muscle atrophy and restore muscle regeneration in aged mice or mice with cachectic cancers. Together, our findings unveil an evolutionarily conserved role for DEAF1 in muscle regeneration, providing insights into the development of new therapeutic strategies against muscle atrophy.Abbreviations: DEAF1: Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1; FOXO: Forkhead box O; MuSC: Muscle Stem Cell; PAX7: Paired box 7; PIK3C3: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Yong Goh
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Xing Lee
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sze Mun Choy
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kenon Chua
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Programme in Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth/Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qian Hui Tan
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shin Yi Low
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui San Chin
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Seng Wong
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu-Yi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Nai Yang Fu
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Nishiyama
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nathan Harmston
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
- Molecular Biosciences Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Hong-Wen Tang
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Martínez-Abarca Millán A, Martín-Bermudo MD. Integrins Can Act as Suppressors of Ras-Mediated Oncogenesis in the Drosophila Wing Disc Epithelium. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5432. [PMID: 38001693 PMCID: PMC10670217 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Key to cancer initiation and progression is the crosstalk between cancer cells and their microenvironment. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major component of the tumour microenvironment and integrins, main cell-ECM adhesion receptors, are involved in every step of cancer progression. However, accumulating evidence has shown that integrins can act as tumour promoters but also as tumour suppressor factors, revealing that the biological roles of integrins in cancer are complex. This incites a better understating of integrin function in cancer progression. To achieve this goal, simple model organisms, such as Drosophila, offer great potential to unravel underlying conceptual principles. Here, we find that in the Drosophila wing disc epithelium the βPS integrins act as suppressors of tumours induced by a gain of function of the oncogenic form of Ras, RasV12. We show that βPS integrin depletion enhances the growth, delamination and invasive behaviour of RasV12 tumour cells, as well as their ability to affect the tumour microenvironment. These results strongly suggest that integrin function as tumour suppressors might be evolutionarily conserved. Drosophila can be used to understand the complex tumour modulating activities conferred by integrins, thus facilitating drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María D. Martín-Bermudo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
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Wang X, Li J, Zhang W, Wang F, Wu Y, Guo Y, Wang D, Yu X, Li A, Li F, Xie Y. IGFBP-3 promotes cachexia-associated lipid loss by suppressing insulin-like growth factor/insulin signaling. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:974-985. [PMID: 37014770 PMCID: PMC10278738 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive lipid loss of adipose tissue is a major feature of cancer-associated cachexia. In addition to systemic immune/inflammatory effects in response to tumor progression, tumor-secreted cachectic ligands also play essential roles in tumor-induced lipid loss. However, the mechanisms of tumor-adipose tissue interaction in lipid homeostasis are not fully understood. METHODS The yki -gut tumors were induced in fruit flies. Lipid metabolic assays were performed to investigate the lipolysis level of different types of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) treated cells. Immunoblotting was used to display phenotypes of tumor cells and adipocytes. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis was carried out to examine the gene expression levels such as Acc1 , Acly , and Fasn et al . RESULTS In this study, it was revealed that tumor-derived IGFBP-3 was an important ligand directly causing lipid loss in matured adipocytes. IGFBP-3, which is highly expressed in cachectic tumor cells, antagonized insulin/IGF-like signaling (IIS) and impaired the balance between lipolysis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Conditioned medium from cachectic tumor cells, such as Capan-1 and C26 cells, contained excessive IGFBP-3 that potently induced lipolysis in adipocytes. Notably, neutralization of IGFBP-3 by neutralizing antibody in the conditioned medium of cachectic tumor cells significantly alleviated the lipolytic effect and restored lipid storage in adipocytes. Furthermore, cachectic tumor cells were resistant to IGFBP-3 inhibition of IIS, ensuring their escape from IGFBP-3-associated growth suppression. Finally, cachectic tumor-derived ImpL2, the IGFBP-3 homolog, also impaired lipid homeostasis of host cells in an established cancer-cachexia model in Drosophila . Most importantly, IGFBP-3 was highly expressed in cancer tissues in pancreatic and colorectal cancer patients, especially higher in the sera of cachectic cancer patients than non-cachexia cancer patients. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that tumor-derived IGFBP-3 plays a critical role in cachexia-associated lipid loss and could be a biomarker for diagnosis of cachexia in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yunzi Wu
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yulin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yibin Xie
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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The Importance of mTORC1-Autophagy Axis for Skeletal Muscle Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010297. [PMID: 36613741 PMCID: PMC9820406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1, mTORC1, integrates nutrient and growth factor signals with cellular responses and plays critical roles in regulating cell growth, proliferation, and lifespan. mTORC1 signaling has been reported as a central regulator of autophagy by modulating almost all aspects of the autophagic process, including initiation, expansion, and termination. An increasing number of studies suggest that mTORC1 and autophagy are critical for the physiological function of skeletal muscle and are involved in diverse muscle diseases. Here, we review recent insights into the essential roles of mTORC1 and autophagy in skeletal muscles and their implications in human muscle diseases. Multiple inhibitors targeting mTORC1 or autophagy have already been clinically approved, while others are under development. These chemical modulators that target the mTORC1/autophagy pathways represent promising potentials to cure muscle diseases.
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First person – Anjali Bajpai. Dis Model Mech 2020. [PMCID: PMC7390622 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Anjali Bajpai is first author on ‘A Drosophila model of oral peptide therapeutics for adult intestinal stem cell tumors’, published in DMM. Anjali is a Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance early-career fellow in the lab of Prof. Pradip Sinha at Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, investigating the developmental principles that govern carcinogenesis using Drosophila as a model system.
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