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Kose S, Imai K, Watanabe A, Nakai A, Suzuki Y, Imamoto N. Lack of Hikeshi activates HSF1 activity under normal conditions and disturbs the heat-shock response. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/9/e202101241. [PMID: 35580988 PMCID: PMC9113944 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hikeshi mediates the nuclear import of the molecular chaperone HSP70 under heat-shock (acute heat stress) conditions, which is crucial for recovery from cellular damage. The cytoplasmic function of HSP70 is well studied, but its nuclear roles, particularly under nonstressed conditions, remain obscure. Here, we show that Hikeshi regulates the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of HSP70 not only under heat-shock conditions but also under nonstressed conditions. Nuclear HSP70 affects the transcriptional activity of HSF1 and nuclear proteostasis under nonstressed conditions. Depletion of Hikeshi induces a reduction in nuclear HSP70 and up-regulation of the mRNA expression of genes regulated by HSF1 under nonstressed conditions. In addition, the heat-shock response is impaired in Hikeshi-knockout cells. Our results suggest that HSF1 transcriptional activity is tightly regulated by nuclear HSP70 because nuclear-localized Hsp70 effectively suppresses transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of nuclear pathologic polyglutamine proteins was increased by Hikeshi depletion. Thus, proper nucleocytoplasmic distribution of HSP70, mediated by Hikeshi, is required for nuclear proteostasis and adaptive response to heat shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kose
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Japan,Correspondence: ;
| | - Kenichiro Imai
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Watanabe
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Japan
| | - Akira Nakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Naoko Imamoto
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Japan,Correspondence: ;
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2
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Abstract
Biomolecular condensates concentrate molecules to facilitate basic biochemical processes, including transcription and DNA replication. While liquid-like condensates have been ascribed various functions, solid-like condensates are generally thought of as amorphous sites of protein storage. Here, we show that solid-like amyloid bodies coordinate local nuclear protein synthesis (LNPS) during stress. On stimulus, translationally active ribosomes accumulate along fiber-like assemblies that characterize amyloid bodies. Mass spectrometry analysis identified regulatory ribosomal proteins and translation factors that relocalize from the cytoplasm to amyloid bodies to sustain LNPS. These amyloidogenic compartments are enriched in newly transcribed messenger RNA by Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1). Depletion of stress-induced ribosomal intergenic spacer noncoding RNA (rIGSRNA) that constructs amyloid bodies prevents recruitment of the nuclear protein synthesis machinery, abolishes LNPS, and impairs the nuclear HSF1 response. We propose that amyloid bodies support local nuclear translation during stress and that solid-like condensates can facilitate complex biochemical reactions as their liquid counterparts can.
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3
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Zhang W, Watanabe R, Konishi HA, Fujiwara T, Yoshimura SH, Kumeta M. Redox-Sensitive Cysteines Confer Proximal Control of the Molecular Crowding Barrier in the Nuclear Pore. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108484. [PMID: 33326779 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex forms a highly crowded selective barrier with intrinsically disordered regions at the nuclear membrane to coordinate nucleocytoplasmic molecular communications. Although oxidative stress is known to alter the barrier function, the molecular mechanism underlying this adaptive control of the nuclear pore complex remains unknown. Here we uncover a systematic control of the crowding barrier within the nuclear pore in response to various redox environments. Direct measurements of the crowding states using a crowding-sensitive FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) probe reveal specific roles of the nuclear pore subunits that adjust the degree of crowding in response to different redox conditions, by adaptively forming or disrupting redox-sensitive disulfide bonds. Relationships between crowding control and the barrier function of the nuclear pore are investigated by single-molecular fluorescence measurements of nuclear transport. Based on these findings, we propose a proximal control model of molecular crowding in vivo that is dynamically regulated at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhen Zhang
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryuji Watanabe
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hide A Konishi
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Takahiro Fujiwara
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shige H Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kumeta
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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4
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Tang S, Lu C, Mo L, Wang X, Liang Z, Qin F, Liu Y, Liu Y, Huang H, Huang Y, Cai H, Xiao D, Guo S, Ouyang Y, Sun B, Li X. Hydrogen peroxide redistributes the localization of protein phosphatase methylesterase 1. Life Sci 2018; 213:166-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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5
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Rodriguez-Berriguete G, Granata G, Puliyadi R, Tiwana G, Prevo R, Wilson RS, Yu S, Buffa F, Humphrey TC, McKenna WG, Higgins GS. Nucleoporin 54 contributes to homologous recombination repair and post-replicative DNA integrity. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:7731-7746. [PMID: 29986057 PMCID: PMC6125679 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) machinery is emerging as an important determinant in the maintenance of genome integrity and sensitivity to DNA double-strand break (DSB)-inducing agents, such as ionising radiation (IR). In this study, using a high-throughput siRNA screen, we identified the central channel NPC protein Nup54, and concomitantly its molecular partners Nup62 and Nup58, as novel factors implicated in radiosensitivity. Nup54 depletion caused an increase in cell death by mitotic catastrophe after IR, and specifically enhanced both the duration of the G2 arrest and the radiosensitivity of cells that contained replicated DNA at the time of IR exposure. Nup54-depleted cells also exhibited increased formation of chromosome aberrations arisen from replicated DNA. Interestingly, we found that Nup54 is epistatic with the homologous recombination (HR) factor Rad51. Moreover, using specific DNA damage repair reporters, we observed a decreased HR repair activity upon Nup54 knockdown. In agreement with a role in HR repair, we also demonstrated a decreased formation of HR-linked DNA synthesis foci and sister chromatid exchanges after IR in cells depleted of Nup54. Our study reveals a novel role for Nup54 in the response to IR and the maintenance of HR-mediated genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Rodriguez-Berriguete
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Giovanna Granata
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Rathi Puliyadi
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Gaganpreet Tiwana
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Remko Prevo
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Rhodri S Wilson
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sheng Yu
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Francesca Buffa
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Timothy C Humphrey
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - W Gillies McKenna
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Geoff S Higgins
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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6
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Kane M, Rebensburg SV, Takata MA, Zang TM, Yamashita M, Kvaratskhelia M, Bieniasz PD. Nuclear pore heterogeneity influences HIV-1 infection and the antiviral activity of MX2. eLife 2018; 7:e35738. [PMID: 30084827 PMCID: PMC6101944 DOI: 10.7554/elife.35738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 accesses the nuclear DNA of interphase cells via a poorly defined process involving functional interactions between the capsid protein (CA) and nucleoporins (Nups). Here, we show that HIV-1 CA can bind multiple Nups, and that both natural and manipulated variation in Nup levels impacts HIV-1 infection in a manner that is strikingly dependent on cell-type, cell-cycle, and cyclophilin A (CypA). We also show that Nups mediate the function of the antiviral protein MX2, and that MX2 can variably inhibit non-viral NLS function. Remarkably, both enhancing and inhibiting effects of cyclophilin A and MX2 on various HIV-1 CA mutants could be induced or abolished by manipulating levels of the Nup93 subcomplex, the Nup62 subcomplex, NUP88, NUP214, RANBP2, or NUP153. Our findings suggest that several Nup-dependent 'pathways' are variably exploited by HIV-1 to target host DNA in a cell-type, cell-cycle, CypA and CA-sequence dependent manner, and are differentially inhibited by MX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kane
- Laboratory of RetrovirologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Stephanie V Rebensburg
- Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
| | - Matthew A Takata
- Laboratory of RetrovirologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Trinity M Zang
- Laboratory of RetrovirologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
| | - Paul D Bieniasz
- Laboratory of RetrovirologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNew YorkUnited States
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7
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Ogawa Y, Imamoto N. Nuclear transport adapts to varying heat stress in a multistep mechanism. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:2341-2352. [PMID: 29748335 PMCID: PMC6028528 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201712042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate cell growth conditions are limited to a narrow temperature range. Once the temperature is out of this range, cells respond to protect themselves, but temperature thresholds at which various intracellular responses occur, including nuclear transport systems, remain unclear. Using a newly developed precise temperature shift assay, we found that individual transport pathways have different sensitivities to a rise in temperature. Nuclear translocations of molecular chaperone HSP70s occur at a much lower temperature than the inhibition of Ran-dependent transport. Subsequently, importin (Imp) α/β-dependent import ceases at a lower temperature than other Ran-dependent transport, suggesting that these are controlled by independent mechanisms. In vitro research revealed that the inhibition of Imp α/β-dependent import is caused by the dysfunction of Imp α1 specifically at lower temperature. Thus, the thermosensitivity of Imp α1 modulates transport balances and enables the multistep shutdown of Ran-dependent transport systems according to the degree of heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Ogawa
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoko Imamoto
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama, Japan
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8
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In vivo analysis of protein crowding within the nuclear pore complex in interphase and mitosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5709. [PMID: 28720791 PMCID: PMC5515885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05959-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The central channel of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is occupied by non-structured polypeptides with a high content of Phe-Gly (FG) motifs. This protein-rich environment functions as an entropic barrier that prevents the passage of molecules, as well as the binding sites for karyopherins, to regulate macromolecular traffic between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm. In this study, we expressed individual Nups fused with a crowding-sensitive probe (GimRET) to determine the spatial distribution of protein-rich domains within the central channel in vivo, and characterize the properties of the entropic barrier. Analyses of the probe signal revealed that the central channel contains two protein-rich domains at both the nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic peripheries, and a less-crowded central cavity. Karyopherins and other soluble proteins are not the constituents of the protein-rich domains. The time-lapse observation of the post-mitotic reassembly process also revealed how individual protein-rich domains are constructed by a sequential assembly of nucleoporins.
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Mitochondrial damage elicits a TCDD-inducible poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-mediated antiviral response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:2681-2686. [PMID: 28213497 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621508114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system senses RNA viruses by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and protects the host from virus infection. PRRs mediate the production of immune modulatory factors and direct the elimination of RNA viruses. Here, we show a unique PRR that mediates antiviral response. Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (TIPARP), a Cysteine3 Histidine (CCCH)-type zinc finger-containing protein, binds to Sindbis virus (SINV) RNA via its zinc finger domain and recruits an exosome to induce viral RNA degradation. TIPARP typically localizes in the nucleus, but it accumulates in the cytoplasm after SINV infection, allowing targeting of cytoplasmic SINV RNA. Redistribution of TIPARP is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent oxidization of the nuclear pore that affects cytoplasmic-nuclear transport. BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) and BCL2 antagonist/killer 1 (BAK1), B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family members, mediate mitochondrial damage to generate ROS after SINV infection. Thus, TIPARP is a viral RNA-sensing PRR that mediates antiviral responses triggered by BAX- and BAK1-dependent mitochondrial damage.
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10
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Boeynaems S, Bogaert E, Van Damme P, Van Den Bosch L. Inside out: the role of nucleocytoplasmic transport in ALS and FTLD. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 132:159-173. [PMID: 27271576 PMCID: PMC4947127 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1586-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the presence of protein inclusions with a different protein content depending on the type of disease. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are no exceptions to this common theme. In most ALS and FTLD cases, the predominant pathological species are RNA-binding proteins. Interestingly, these proteins are both depleted from their normal nuclear localization and aggregated in the cytoplasm. This key pathological feature has suggested a potential dual mechanism with both nuclear loss of function and cytoplasmic gain of function being at play. Yet, why and how this pathological cascade is initiated in most patients, and especially sporadic cases, is currently unresolved. Recent breakthroughs in C9orf72 ALS/FTLD disease models point at a pivotal role for the nuclear transport system in toxicity. To address whether defects in nuclear transport are indeed implicated in the disease, we reviewed two decades of ALS/FTLD literature and combined this with bioinformatic analyses. We find that both RNA-binding proteins and nuclear transport factors are key players in ALS/FTLD pathology. Moreover, our analyses suggest that disturbances in nucleocytoplasmic transport play a crucial initiating role in the disease, by bridging both nuclear loss and cytoplasmic gain of functions. These findings highlight this process as a novel and promising therapeutic target for ALS and FTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Boeynaems
- />Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- />Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, PB912, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elke Bogaert
- />Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- />Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, PB912, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- />Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- />Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, PB912, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- />Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- />Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, PB912, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- />Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Akita H, Kurihara D, Schmeer M, Schleef M, Harashima H. Effect of the Compaction and the Size of DNA on the Nuclear Transfer Efficiency after Microinjection in Synchronized Cells. Pharmaceutics 2015; 7:64-73. [PMID: 26066769 PMCID: PMC4491651 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics7020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear transfer process is one of the critical rate-limiting processes in transgene expression. In the present study, we report on the effect of compaction and the size of the DNA molecule on nuclear transfer efficiency by microinjection. A DNA/protamine complex- or variously-sized naked DNA molecules were injected into the cytoplasm or nucleus of synchronized HeLa cells. To evaluate the nuclear transfer process, a nuclear transfer score (NT score), calculated based on transgene expression after cytoplasmic microinjection divided by that after nuclear microinjection, was employed. The compaction of DNA with protamine decreased the NT score in comparison with the injection of naked DNA when the N/P ratio was increased to >2.0. Moreover, when naked DNA was microinjected, gene expression increased in parallel with the size of the DNA in the following order: minicircle DNA (MC07.CMV-EGFP; 2257 bp) > middle-sized plasmid DNA (pBS-EGFP; 3992 bp) > conventional plasmid DNA (pcDNA3.1-EGFP; 6172 bp), while the level of gene expression was quite comparable among them when the DNAs were injected into the nucleus. The above findings suggest that the intrinsic size of the DNA molecule is a major determinant for nuclear entry and that minicircle DNA has a great advantage in nuclear transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Akita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, 060-0812 Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Dai Kurihara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, 060-0812 Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Marco Schmeer
- PlasmidFactory GmbH & Co. KG. Meisenstraße 96, D-33607 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Martin Schleef
- PlasmidFactory GmbH & Co. KG. Meisenstraße 96, D-33607 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, 060-0812 Sapporo, Japan.
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Abstract
Until recently, ROS (reactive oxygen species) were often seen as merely damaging agents. However, small, but significant, amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are also being produced upon, for instance, NADPH-oxidase activation in response to growth factor signalling and as a by-product of mitochondrial respiration. H2O2 perturbs the local cellular redox state and this results in specific and reversible cysteine oxidation in target proteins, thereby translating the redox state into a signal that ultimately leads to an appropriate cellular response. This phenomenon of signalling through cysteine oxidation is known as redox signalling and has recently been shown to be involved in a wide range of physiological processes. Cysteine residue oxidation can lead to a range of post-translational modifications, one of which is the formation of intermolecular disulfides. In the present mini-review we will give a number of examples of proteins regulated by intermolecular disulfides and discuss a recently developed method to screen for these interactions. The consequences of the regulation of the FOXO4 (forkhead box O4) transcription factor by formation of intermolecular disulfides with both TNPO1 (transportin 1) and p300/CBP [CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein)-binding protein] are discussed in more detail.
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Hu Y, Chen Z, Fu Y, He Q, Jiang L, Zheng J, Gao Y, Mei P, Chen Z, Ren X. The amino-terminal structure of human fragile X mental retardation protein obtained using precipitant-immobilized imprinted polymers. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6634. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Structural Mechanism of Nuclear Transport Mediated by Importin β and Flexible Amphiphilic Proteins. Structure 2014; 22:1699-1710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Wu C, Jain MR, Li Q, Oka SI, Li W, Kong ANT, Nagarajan N, Sadoshima J, Simmons WJ, Li H. Identification of novel nuclear targets of human thioredoxin 1. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3507-18. [PMID: 25231459 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.040931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of protein oxidative post-translational modifications has been implicated in stress-related diseases. Trx1 is a key reductase that reduces specific disulfide bonds and other cysteine post-translational modifications. Although commonly in the cytoplasm, Trx1 can also modulate transcription in the nucleus. However, few Trx1 nuclear targets have been identified because of the low Trx1 abundance in the nucleus. Here, we report the large-scale proteomics identification of nuclear Trx1 targets in human neuroblastoma cells using an affinity capture strategy wherein a Trx1C35S mutant is expressed. The wild-type Trx1 contains a conserved C32XXC35 motif, and the C32 thiol initiates the reduction of a target disulfide bond by forming an intermolecular disulfide with one of the oxidized target cysteines, resulting in a transient Trx1-target protein complex. The reduction is rapidly consummated by the donation of a C35 proton to the target molecule, forming a Trx1 C32-C35 disulfide, and results in the concurrent release of the target protein containing reduced thiols. By introducing a point mutation (C35 to S35) in Trx1, we ablated the rapid dissociation of Trx1 from its reduction targets, thereby allowing the identification of 45 putative nuclear Trx1 targets. Unexpectedly, we found that PSIP1, also known as LEDGF, was sensitive to both oxidation and Trx1 reduction at Cys 204. LEDGF is a transcription activator that is vital for regulating cell survival during HIV-1 infection. Overall, this study suggests that Trx1 may play a broader role than previously believed that might include regulating transcription, RNA processing, and nuclear pore function in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgong Wu
- From the ‡Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, 205 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Mohit Raja Jain
- From the ‡Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, 205 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Qing Li
- From the ‡Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, 205 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Shin-Ichi Oka
- ¶Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, 185 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Wenge Li
- ‖Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- **Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers University-Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Narayani Nagarajan
- ¶Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, 185 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- ¶Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, 185 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - William J Simmons
- From the ‡Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, 205 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Hong Li
- From the ‡Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, 205 S. Orange Ave., Newark, New Jersey 07103;
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16
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Nucleocytoplasmic transport under stress conditions and its role in HSP70 chaperone systems. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2953-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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