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From Drosophila to Human: Biological Function of E3 Ligase Godzilla and Its Role in Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030380. [PMID: 35159190 PMCID: PMC8834447 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system is of fundamental importance in all fields of biology due to its impact on proteostasis and in regulating cellular processes. Ubiquitination, a type of protein post-translational modification, involves complex enzymatic machinery, such as E3 ubiquitin ligases. The E3 ligases regulate the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to a target protein and are involved in various cellular mechanisms, including the cell cycle, cell division, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and neurotransmission. Because the E3 ligases regulate so many physiological events, they are also associated with pathologic conditions, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and immune-related diseases. This review focuses specifically on the protease-associated transmembrane-containing the Really Interesting New Gene (RING) subset of E3 ligases. We describe the structure, partners, and physiological functions of the Drosophila Godzilla E3 ligase and its human homologues, RNF13, RNF167, and ZNRF4. Also, we summarize the information that has emerged during the last decade regarding the association of these E3 ligases with pathophysiological conditions, such as cancer, asthma, and rare genetic disorders. We conclude by highlighting the limitations of the current knowledge and pinpointing the unresolved questions relevant to RNF13, RNF167, and ZNRF4 ubiquitin ligases.
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2
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CXCL13 in Cancer and Other Diseases: Biological Functions, Clinical Significance, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121282. [PMID: 34947813 PMCID: PMC8708574 DOI: 10.3390/life11121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer is a multistep and complex process involving interactions between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). C-X-C chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its receptor, CXCR5, make crucial contributions to this process by triggering intracellular signaling cascades in malignant cells and modulating the sophisticated TME in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. The CXCL13/CXCR5 axis has a dominant role in B cell recruitment and tertiary lymphoid structure formation, which activate immune responses against some tumors. In most cancer types, the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis mediates pro-neoplastic immune reactions by recruiting suppressive immune cells into tumor tissues. Tobacco smoke and haze (smohaze) and the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene induce the secretion of CXCL13 by lung epithelial cells, which contributes to environmental lung carcinogenesis. Interestingly, the knockout of CXCL13 inhibits benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colorectal cancer in mice. Thus, a better understanding of the context-dependent functions of the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in tumor tissue and the TME is required to design an efficient immune-based therapy. In this review, we summarize the molecular events and TME alterations caused by CXCL13/CXCR5 and briefly discuss the potentials of agents targeting this axis in different malignant tumors.
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Arenas V, Castaño JL, Domínguez-García JJ, Yáñez L, Pipaón C. A Different View for an Old Disease: NEDDylation and Other Ubiquitin-Like Post-Translational Modifications in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Front Oncol 2021; 11:729550. [PMID: 34631557 PMCID: PMC8495217 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.729550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the enormous amount of molecular data obtained over the years, the molecular etiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is still largely unknown. All that information has enabled the development of new therapeutic approaches that have improved life expectancy of the patients but are still not curative. We must increase our knowledge of the molecular alterations responsible for the characteristics common to all CLL patients. One of such characteristics is the poor correlation between mRNA and protein expression, that suggests a role of post-translational mechanisms in CLL physiopathology. Drugs targeting these processes have indeed demonstrated an effect either alone or in combination with other aimed at specific pathways. A recent article unveiled an increment in ubiquitin-like modifications in CLL, with many protein members of relevant pathways affected. Interestingly, the inhibition of the NEDD8-activating protein NAE reverted a substantial number of those modifications. The present review gets the scarce data published about the role of NEDDylation in CLL together and establishes connections to what is known from other neoplasias, thus providing a new perspective to the underlying mechanisms in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Arenas
- Laboratorio de Hematología Molecular, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Castaño
- Laboratorio de Hematología Molecular, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Juan José Domínguez-García
- Laboratorio de Hematología Molecular, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Lucrecia Yáñez
- Laboratorio de Hematología Molecular, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Pipaón
- Laboratorio de Hematología Molecular, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
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Li J, Zou J, Littlejohn R, Liu J, Su H. Neddylation, an Emerging Mechanism Regulating Cardiac Development and Function. Front Physiol 2020; 11:612927. [PMID: 33391028 PMCID: PMC7773599 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.612927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in protein quality control have been increasingly recognized as pathogenic factors in the development of heart failure, a persistent devastating disease lacking efficacious therapies. Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins, a family of post-translational modifying polypeptides, play important roles in controlling protein quality by maintaining the stability and functional diversity of the proteome. NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 8), a small ubiquitin-like protein, was discovered two decades ago but until recently the biological significance of NEDD8 modifications (neddylation) in the heart has not been appreciated. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the biology of neddylation, highlighting several mechanisms by which neddylation regulates the function of its downstream targets, and discuss the expanding roles for neddylation in cardiac physiology and disease, with an emphasis on cardiac protein quality control. Finally, we outline challenges linked to the study of neddylation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Jianqiu Zou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rodney Littlejohn
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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5
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Zou T, Zhang J. Diverse and pivotal roles of neddylation in metabolism and immunity. FEBS J 2020; 288:3884-3912. [PMID: 33025631 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neddylation is one type of protein post-translational modification by conjugating a ubiquitin-like protein neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8 to substrate proteins via a cascade involving E1, E2, and E3 enzymes. The best-characterized substrates of neddylation are cullins, essential components of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin-ligase complexes. The discovery of noncullin neddylation targets indicates that neddylation may have diverse biological functions. Indeed, neddylation has been implicated in various cellular processes including cell cycle progression, metabolism, immunity, and tumorigenesis. Here, we summarized the reported neddylation substrates and also discuss the functions of neddylation in the immune system and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zou
- Beijing Institute of Brain Sciences, China
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Gâtel P, Piechaczyk M, Bossis G. Ubiquitin, SUMO, and Nedd8 as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1233:29-54. [PMID: 32274752 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38266-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin defines a family of approximately 20 peptidic posttranslational modifiers collectively called the Ubiquitin-like (UbLs). They are conjugated to thousands of proteins, modifying their function and fate in many ways. Dysregulation of these modifications has been implicated in a variety of pathologies, in particular cancer. Ubiquitin, SUMO (-1 to -3), and Nedd8 are the best-characterized UbLs. They have been involved in the regulation of the activity and/or the stability of diverse components of various oncogenic or tumor suppressor pathways. Moreover, the dysregulation of enzymes responsible for their conjugation/deconjugation has also been associated with tumorigenesis and cancer resistance to therapies. The UbL system therefore constitutes an attractive target for developing novel anticancer therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the roles and dysregulations of Ubiquitin, SUMO, and Nedd8 pathways in tumorigenesis, as well as recent advances in the identification of small molecules targeting their conjugating machineries for potential application in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gâtel
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, IGMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Piechaczyk
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, IGMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Bossis
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, IGMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
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Fanconi anemia proteins counteract the implementation of the oncogene-induced senescence program. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17024. [PMID: 31745226 PMCID: PMC6863893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi Anemia (FA), due to the loss-of-function of the proteins that constitute the FANC pathway involved in DNA replication and genetic stability maintainance, is a rare genetic disease featuring bone marrow failure, developmental abnormalities and cancer predisposition. Similar clinical stigmas have also been associated with alterations in the senescence program, which is activated in physiological or stress situations, including the unscheduled, chronic, activation of an oncogene (oncogene induced senescence, OIS). Here, we wanted to determine the crosstalk, if any, between the FANC pathway and the OIS process. OIS was analyzed in two known cellular models, IMR90-hTERT/ER:RASG12V and WI38-hTERT/ER:GFP:RAF1, harboring 4-hydroxytamoxifen-inducible oncogenes. We observed that oncogene activation induces a transitory increase of both FANCA and FANCD2 as well as FANCD2 monoubiquitination, readout of FANC pathway activation, followed by their degradation. FANCD2 depletion, which leads to a pre-senescent phenotype, anticipates OIS progression. Coherently, FANCD2 overexpression or inhibition of its proteosomal-dependent degradation slightly delays OIS progression. The pro-senescence protease cathepsin L, which activation is anticipated during OIS in FANCD2-depleted cells, also participates to FANCD2 degradation. Our results demonstrate that oncogene activation is first associated with FANCD2 induction and activation, which may support initial cell proliferation, followed by its degradation/downregulation when OIS proceeds.
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Interaction of the Human Papillomavirus E1 Helicase with UAF1-USP1 Promotes Unidirectional Theta Replication of Viral Genomes. mBio 2019; 10:mBio.00152-19. [PMID: 30890612 PMCID: PMC6426595 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00152-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are important pathogens that replicate their double-stranded circular DNA genome in the nucleus of infected cells. HPV genomes replicate in infected cells via bidirectional theta replication and a poorly understood unidirectional mechanism, and the onset of viral replication requires the engagement of cellular DNA damage response pathways. In this study, we showed that the previously described interaction between the viral E1 helicase and the cellular UAF1-USP1 complex is necessary for the completion of bidirectional replication and the subsequent initiation of the unidirectional replication mechanism. Our results suggest HPVs may use the cellular Fanconi anemia DNA damage pathway to achieve the separation of daughter molecules generated by bidirectional theta replication. Additionally, our results indicate that the unidirectional replication of the HPV genome is initiated from restarted bidirectional theta replication forks. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are important pathogens with a significant medical burden. HPV genomes replicate in infected cells via bidirectional theta replication and a poorly understood unidirectional mechanism. In this report, we provide evidence that the previously described interaction between the viral E1 helicase and the cellular UAF1-USP1 deubiquitinating enzyme complex, a member of the Fanconi anemia DNA damage response pathway, is required for the completion of the bidirectional theta replication of the HPV11 genome and the subsequent initiation of the unidirectional replication. We show that unidirectional replication proceeds via theta structures and is supported by the cellular Bloom helicase, which interacts directly with E1 and whose engagement in HPV11 replication requires UAF1-USP1 activity. We propose that the unidirectional replication of the HPV11 genome initiates from replication fork restart events. These findings suggest a new role for the Fanconi anemia pathway in HPV replication.
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Degan P, Cappelli E, Longobardi M, Pulliero A, Cuccarolo P, Dufour C, Ravera S, Calzia D, Izzotti A. A Global MicroRNA Profile in Fanconi Anemia: A Pilot Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 17:53-59. [PMID: 30376422 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fanconi anemia (FA) is a complex tumor-prone disease defined by an entangled genotype and phenotype. Despite enormous efforts in the last 20 years, a comprehensive and integrated view of the disease is still missing. The aim of this pilot study was to establish whether a global microRNA (miRNA) analysis approach could be helpful in defining aspects in FA phenotype, which might deserve future attention with the perspective to develop miRNA-based therapies. METHODS miRNA array were employed to characterize the global miRNA (miRNoma) profile of FA RNA samples with respect to normal samples. RESULTS We report and compare miRNA profile from two FA established cell lines and three FA patients. This analysis reveals that 36 and 64 miRNAs, respectively, are found differentially expressed (>2-fold variation and P < 0.05) in the samples from FA cell lines and FA patients. Overlap of these data results in 24 miRNAs as shared in the two sample populations. Available bioinformatics methods were used to predict target genes for the differentially expressed miRNAs and to perform pathway enrichment analysis. CONCLUSIONS Seven pathway results associated with the FA phenotype. It is interesting to note that some of these pathways were previously unrelated to FA phenotype. It might be important to focus on these pathways not previously emerged as dysfunctional in FA to better define the pathophysiological context of this disease. This is the first report of a global miRNA analysis in FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Degan
- 1 Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandra Pulliero
- 3 Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Cuccarolo
- 1 Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- 2 Hematology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- 4 Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Calzia
- 4 Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- 1 Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,3 Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Jin EJ, Ko HR, Hwang I, Kim BS, Choi JY, Park KW, Cho SW, Ahn JY. Akt regulates neurite growth by phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of radixin proteasomal degradation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2557. [PMID: 29416050 PMCID: PMC5803261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20755-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurite growth is controlled by a complex molecular signaling network that regulates filamentous actin (F-actin) dynamics at the growth cone. The evolutionarily conserved ezrin, radixin, and moesin family of proteins tether F-actin to the cell membrane when phosphorylated at a conserved threonine residue and modulate neurite outgrowth. Here we show that Akt binds to and phosphorylates a threonine 573 residue on radixin. Akt-mediated phosphorylation protects radixin from ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation, thereby enhancing radixin protein stability, which permits proper neurite outgrowth and growth cone formation. Conversely, the inhibition of Akt kinase or disruption of Akt-dependent phosphorylation reduces the binding affinity of radixin to F-actin as well as lowers radixin protein levels, resulting in decreased neurite outgrowth and growth cone formation. Our findings suggest that Akt signaling regulates neurite outgrowth by stabilizing radixin interactions with F-actin, thus facilitating local F-actin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Jin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Hyo Rim Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Inwoo Hwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Byeong-Seong Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Choi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jee-Yin Ahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea. .,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea. .,Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
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11
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Inhibition of neddylation facilitates cell migration through enhanced phosphorylation of caveolin-1 in PC3 and U373MG cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:30. [PMID: 29301501 PMCID: PMC5755266 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3942-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein neddylation is a post-translational modification by a covalent conjugation with the neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 8 (NEDD8). Although this process has been reported to participate in diverse cellular signaling, little is known about its role in cancer cell migration. Given a recent proteomics report showing that NEDD8 is downregulated in prostate cancer tissues versus normal prostate tissues, we tested the possibility that neddylation plays a role in cancer evolution, and then tried to identify target proteins of the neddylation. Methods The neddylation process was inhibited by transfecting cancer cells with NEDD8-targeting siRNAs or by treating the cells with a NAE1 inhibitor MLN4924. Cell migration was evaluated by an in vitro wound-healing assay and a Transwell migration assay. His/NEDD8-conjugated proteins were pulled down with nickel-affinity beads under a denaturing condition, and identified by Western blotting. All data were processed using the Microsoft Excel program and analyzed statistically by two-sided, unpaired Student’s t-test. Results Caveolin-1, which plays a critical role in cell migration, was identified to be conjugated with NEDD8. When the neddylation was inhibited, the phosphorylation of caveolin-1 at Tyr14 was augmented in PC3 and U373MG cells, thereby leading to increased cell migration. Such consequences by neddylation inhibition were abolished in the presence of a Src family kinase inhibitor PP2. Conclusions NEDD8 seems to inhibit the Src-mediated phosphorylation of caveolin-1 by modifying the structure of caveolin-1 protein, which blocks the migration of cancer cells. Although the neddylation process is currently regarded as an emerging target for cancer therapy, our results suggest the possibility that the inhibition of neddylation could facilitate cancer invasion or metastasis at least in some types of cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3942-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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12
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Palovcak A, Liu W, Yuan F, Zhang Y. Maintenance of genome stability by Fanconi anemia proteins. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:8. [PMID: 28239445 PMCID: PMC5320776 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0134-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent dysregulation of the DNA damage response and repair in cells causes genomic instability. The resulting genetic changes permit alterations in growth and proliferation observed in virtually all cancers. However, an unstable genome can serve as a double-edged sword by providing survival advantages in the ability to evade checkpoint signaling, but also creating vulnerabilities through dependency on alternative genomic maintenance factors. The Fanconi anemia pathway comprises an intricate network of DNA damage signaling and repair that are critical for protection against genomic instability. The importance of this pathway is underlined by the severity of the cancer predisposing syndrome Fanconi anemia which can be caused by biallelic mutations in any one of the 21 genes known thus far. This review delineates the roles of the Fanconi anemia pathway and the molecular actions of Fanconi anemia proteins in confronting replicative, oxidative, and mitotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palovcak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Fenghua Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Yanbin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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13
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van Twest S, Murphy VJ, Hodson C, Tan W, Swuec P, O'Rourke JJ, Heierhorst J, Crismani W, Deans AJ. Mechanism of Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination in the Fanconi Anemia Pathway. Mol Cell 2016; 65:247-259. [PMID: 27986371 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Monoubiquitination and deubiquitination of FANCD2:FANCI heterodimer is central to DNA repair in a pathway that is defective in the cancer predisposition syndrome Fanconi anemia (FA). The "FA core complex" contains the RING-E3 ligase FANCL and seven other essential proteins that are mutated in various FA subtypes. Here, we purified recombinant FA core complex to reveal the function of these other proteins. The complex contains two spatially separate FANCL molecules that are dimerized by FANCB and FAAP100. FANCC and FANCE act as substrate receptors and restrict monoubiquitination to the FANCD2:FANCI heterodimer in only a DNA-bound form. FANCA and FANCG are dispensable for maximal in vitro ubiquitination. Finally, we show that the reversal of this reaction by the USP1:UAF1 deubiquitinase only occurs when DNA is disengaged. Our work reveals the mechanistic basis for temporal and spatial control of FANCD2:FANCI monoubiquitination that is critical for chemotherapy responses and prevention of Fanconi anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie van Twest
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Vincent J Murphy
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Charlotte Hodson
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Winnie Tan
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's Health), The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Paolo Swuec
- Architecture and Dynamics of Macromolecular Machines Laboratory, London Research Institute, South Mimms, Hertfordshire EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Julienne J O'Rourke
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's Health), The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jörg Heierhorst
- Molecular Genetics Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's Health), The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Wayne Crismani
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Andrew J Deans
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's Health), The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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14
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Bourseguin J, Bonet C, Renaud E, Pandiani C, Boncompagni M, Giuliano S, Pawlikowska P, Karmous-Benailly H, Ballotti R, Rosselli F, Bertolotto C. FANCD2 functions as a critical factor downstream of MiTF to maintain the proliferation and survival of melanoma cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36539. [PMID: 27827420 PMCID: PMC5101529 DOI: 10.1038/srep36539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins involved in genetic stability maintenance and safeguarding DNA replication act not only against cancer initiation but could also play a major role in sustaining cancer progression. Here, we report that the FANC pathway is highly expressed in metastatic melanoma harboring the oncogenic microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF). We show that MiTF downregulation in melanoma cells lowers the expression of several FANC genes and proteins. Moreover, we observe that, similarly to the consequence of MiTF downregulation, FANC pathway silencing alters proliferation, migration and senescence of human melanoma cells. We demonstrate that the FANC pathway acts downstream MiTF and establish the existence of an epistatic relationship between MiTF and the FANC pathway. Our findings point to a central role of the FANC pathway in cellular and chromosomal resistance to both DNA damage and targeted therapies in melanoma cells. Thus, the FANC pathway is a promising new therapeutic target in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bourseguin
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805 France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France.,Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France
| | - Caroline Bonet
- Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Inserm, U1065, Equipe 1, Biologie et pathologies des mélanocytes: de la pigmentation cutanée au mélanome, C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06107, France
| | - Emilie Renaud
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805 France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France.,Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France
| | - Charlotte Pandiani
- Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Inserm, U1065, Equipe 1, Biologie et pathologies des mélanocytes: de la pigmentation cutanée au mélanome, C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06107, France
| | - Marina Boncompagni
- Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Inserm, U1065, Equipe 1, Biologie et pathologies des mélanocytes: de la pigmentation cutanée au mélanome, C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06107, France
| | - Sandy Giuliano
- Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Inserm, U1065, Equipe 1, Biologie et pathologies des mélanocytes: de la pigmentation cutanée au mélanome, C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06107, France
| | - Patrycja Pawlikowska
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805 France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France.,Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France
| | | | - Robert Ballotti
- Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Inserm, U1065, Equipe 1, Biologie et pathologies des mélanocytes: de la pigmentation cutanée au mélanome, C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06107, France
| | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805 France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France.,Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France
| | - Corine Bertolotto
- Equipe Labellisée "ARC", C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Inserm, U1065, Equipe 1, Biologie et pathologies des mélanocytes: de la pigmentation cutanée au mélanome, C3M, Nice, F-06204, France.,Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UFR Médecine, Nice, F-06107, France
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15
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Renaudin X, Koch Lerner L, Menck CFM, Rosselli F. The ubiquitin family meets the Fanconi anemia proteins. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 769:36-46. [PMID: 27543315 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a hereditary disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, developmental defects, predisposition to cancer and chromosomal abnormalities. FA is caused by biallelic mutations that inactivate genes encoding proteins involved in replication stress-associated DNA damage responses. The 20 FANC proteins identified to date constitute the FANC pathway. A key event in this pathway involves the monoubiquitination of the FANCD2-FANCI heterodimer by the collective action of at least 10 different proteins assembled in the FANC core complex. The FANC core complex-mediated monoubiquitination of FANCD2-FANCI is essential to assemble the heterodimer in subnuclear, chromatin-associated, foci and to regulate the process of DNA repair as well as the rescue of stalled replication forks. Several recent works have demonstrated that the activity of the FANC pathway is linked to several other protein post-translational modifications from the ubiquitin-like family, including SUMO and NEDD8. These modifications are related to DNA damage responses but may also affect other cellular functions potentially related to the clinical phenotypes of the syndrome. This review summarizes the interplay between the ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins and the FANC proteins that constitute a major pathway for the surveillance of the genomic integrity and addresses the implications of their interactions in maintaining genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Renaudin
- CNRS UMR 8200-Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer"-Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud, 91400 Orsay, France.
| | - Leticia Koch Lerner
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS UMR 8200-Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer"-Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud, 91400 Orsay, France.
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16
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Abidi N, Xirodimas DP. Regulation of cancer-related pathways by protein NEDDylation and strategies for the use of NEDD8 inhibitors in the clinic. Endocr Relat Cancer 2015; 22:T55-70. [PMID: 25504797 DOI: 10.1530/erc-14-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins with ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like molecules (UBLs) controls a vast if not every biological process in the cell. It is not surprising that deregulation in ubiquitin and UBL signalling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases and that these pathways are considered as major targets for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we summarise recent advances in our understanding of the role of the UBL neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated-8 (NEDD8) in cancer-related processes and potential strategies for the use of NEDD8 inhibitors as chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Abidi
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie MacromoléculaireUMR5235, 1919 Route de Mende, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Dimitris P Xirodimas
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie MacromoléculaireUMR5235, 1919 Route de Mende, Montpellier 34293, France
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