1
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Mehner LM, Munoz-Sagredo L, Sonnentag SJ, Treffert SM, Orian-Rousseau V. Targeting CD44 and other pleiotropic co-receptors as a means for broad inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024:10.1007/s10585-024-10292-4. [PMID: 38761292 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-024-10292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Although progress has been made in the treatment of cancer, particularly for the four major types of cancers affecting the lungs, colon, breast and prostate, resistance to cancer treatment often emerges upon inhibition of major signaling pathways, which leads to the activation of additional pathways as a last-resort survival mechanism by the cancer cells. This signaling plasticity provides cancer cells with a level of operational freedom, reducing treatment efficacy. Plasticity is a characteristic of cancer cells that are not only able to switch signaling pathways but also from one cellular state (differentiated cells to stem cells or vice versa) to another. It seems implausible that the inhibition of one or a few signaling pathways of heterogeneous and plastic tumors can sustain a durable effect. We propose that inhibiting molecules with pleiotropic functions such as cell surface co-receptors can be a key to preventing therapy escape instead of targeting bona fide receptors. Therefore, we ask the question whether co-receptors often considered as "accessory molecules" are an overlooked key to control cancer cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Mehner
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Leonel Munoz-Sagredo
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Steffen Joachim Sonnentag
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sven Máté Treffert
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Véronique Orian-Rousseau
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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2
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Deb G, Cicala A, Papadas A, Asimakopoulos F. Matrix proteoglycans in tumor inflammation and immunity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C678-C693. [PMID: 35876288 PMCID: PMC9448345 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00023.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunoediting progresses through elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Each of these phases is characterized by breaching, remodeling, and rebuilding tissue planes and structural barriers that engage extracellular matrix (ECM) components, in particular matrix proteoglycans. Some of the signals emanating from matrix proteoglycan remodeling are readily co-opted by the growing tumor to sustain an environment of tumor-promoting and immune-suppressive inflammation. Yet other matrix-derived cues can be viewed as part of a homeostatic response by the host, aiming to eliminate the tumor and restore tissue integrity. These latter signals may be harnessed for therapeutic purposes to tip the polarity of the tumor immune milieu toward anticancer immunity. In this review, we attempt to showcase the importance and complexity of matrix proteoglycan signaling in both cancer-restraining and cancer-promoting inflammation. We propose that the era of matrix diagnostics and therapeutics for cancer is fast approaching the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Deb
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander Cicala
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Athanasios Papadas
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Fotis Asimakopoulos
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
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3
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Svec KV, Howe AK. Protein Kinase A in cellular migration—Niche signaling of a ubiquitous kinase. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:953093. [PMID: 35959460 PMCID: PMC9361040 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.953093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration requires establishment and maintenance of directional polarity, which in turn requires spatial heterogeneity in the regulation of protrusion, retraction, and adhesion. Thus, the signaling proteins that regulate these various structural processes must also be distinctly regulated in subcellular space. Protein Kinase A (PKA) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase involved in innumerable cellular processes. In the context of cell migration, it has a paradoxical role in that global inhibition or activation of PKA inhibits migration. It follows, then, that the subcellular regulation of PKA is key to bringing its proper permissive and restrictive functions to the correct parts of the cell. Proper subcellular regulation of PKA controls not only when and where it is active but also specifies the targets for that activity, allowing the cell to use a single, promiscuous kinase to exert distinct functions within different subcellular niches to facilitate cell movement. In this way, understanding PKA signaling in migration is a study in context and in the elegant coordination of distinct functions of a single protein in a complex cellular process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V. Svec
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Alan K. Howe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, V T, United States
- University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- *Correspondence: Alan K. Howe,
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4
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Integrin Signaling Shaping BTK-Inhibitor Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142235. [PMID: 35883678 PMCID: PMC9322986 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are adhesion molecules that function as anchors in retaining tumor cells in supportive tissues and facilitating metastasis. Beta1 integrins are known to contribute to cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance in cancer. Very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), a CD49d/CD29 heterodimer, is a beta1 integrin implicated in therapy resistance in both solid tumors and haematological malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A complex inside-out signaling mechanism activates VLA-4, which might include several therapeutic targets for CLL. Treatment regimens for this disease have recently shifted towards novel agents targeting BCR signaling. Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a component of B cell receptor signaling and BTK inhibitors such as ibrutinib are highly successful; however, their limitations include indefinite drug administration, the development of therapy resistance, and toxicities. VLA-4 might be activated independently of BTK, resulting in an ongoing interaction of CD49d-expressing leukemic cells with their surrounding tissue, which may reduce the success of therapy with BTK inhibitors and increases the need for alternative therapies. In this context, we discuss the inside-out signaling cascade culminating in VLA-4 activation, consider the advantages and disadvantages of BTK inhibitors in CLL and elucidate the mechanisms behind cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance.
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5
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Zhong J, Shi S, Peng W, Liu B, Yang B, Niu W, Zhang B, Qin C, Zhong D, Cui H, Zhang Z, Sun X. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) Reveals the Functions of Syndecan-1 to Regulate Immune Infiltration by Influenced T Cells in Glioma. Front Genet 2022; 13:792443. [PMID: 35669186 PMCID: PMC9165731 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.792443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies shown that syndecan-1 (SDC1) may be a novel class of biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma, but its specific roles and the in-depth molecular mechanism remain elusive. Here, we used Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithms and single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) algorithms to evaluate the immune score of tumor samples and quantify the relative infiltration of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), respectively, in different data sets obtained from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas and The Cancer Gene Atlas. Next, we calculate the correlation of the immune score and immune cells with SDC1, respectively. To identify the specific process regulated by SDC1, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis between the high and low expression of SDC1 of glioma samples were used to discover the hub genes through Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed cardinal biological processes and pathways involved in genes and tumor grade correlation and survival analysis verified its significance in glioma. The results show that SDC1 is associated with the immune infiltration of glioma in the TME, especially activated CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells. The three data sets filter 8,887 DEGs, the genes in the blue modules were selected as hub genes in WGCNA. GO and KEGG analysis found eight genes in the blue modules involved in antigen processing and presentation in T cells in glioma. Kaplan–Meier estimator and log-rank test statistic determined that the introduced genes are associated with poor prognosis in glioma. Protein–protein network interaction analysis showed that SDC1 may regulate antigen processing and presentation through CTSL or CD4 in glioma. Finally, this study provided insights and clues for the next research direction of SDC1 and identified the key pathways and genes that might participate in the immune escape of glioma. These results might provide a new insight on the study of immune infiltration of glioma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing, China
| | - Biao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyong Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengbao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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6
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Gahmberg CG, Grönholm M, Madhavan S. Regulation of Dynamic Cell Adhesion by Integrin-Integrin Crosstalk. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101685. [PMID: 35626722 PMCID: PMC9140058 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cells express several integrins. The integrins are able to respond to various cellular functions and needs by modifying their own activation state, but in addition by their ability to regulate each other by activation or inhibition. This crosstalk or transdominant regulation is strictly controlled. The mechanisms resulting in integrin crosstalk are incompletely understood, but they often involve intracellular signalling routes also used by other cell surface receptors. Several studies show that the integrin cytoplasmic tails bind to a number of cytoskeletal and adaptor molecules in a regulated manner. Recent work has shown that phosphorylations of integrins and key intracellular molecules are of pivotal importance in integrin-cytoplasmic interactions, and these in turn affect integrin activity and crosstalk. The integrin β-chains play a central role in regulating crosstalk. In addition to Integrin-integrin crosstalk, crosstalk may also occur between integrins and related receptors, including other adhesion receptors, growth factor and SARS-CoV-2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl G. Gahmberg
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9 C, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.G.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-539-9439
| | - Mikaela Grönholm
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9 C, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.G.); (S.M.)
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9 C, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sudarrshan Madhavan
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9 C, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.G.); (S.M.)
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7
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Rapraeger AC. Syndecans and Their Synstatins: Targeting an Organizer of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling at the Cell-Matrix Interface. Front Oncol 2021; 11:775349. [PMID: 34778093 PMCID: PMC8578902 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.775349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and integrin matrix receptors have well-established roles in tumor cell proliferation, invasion and survival, often functioning in a coordinated fashion at sites of cell-matrix adhesion. Central to this coordination are syndecans, another class of matrix receptor, that organize RTKs and integrins into functional units, relying on docking motifs in the syndecan extracellular domains to capture and localize RTKs (e.g., EGFR, IGF-1R, VEGFR2, HER2) and integrins (e.g., αvβ3, αvβ5, α4β1, α3β1, α6β4) to sites of adhesion. Peptide mimetics of the docking motifs in the syndecans, called “synstatins”, prevent assembly of these receptor complexes, block their signaling activities and are highly effective against tumor cell invasion and survival and angiogenesis. This review describes our current understanding of these four syndecan-coupled mechanisms and their inhibitory synstatins (SSTNIGF1R, SSTNVEGFR2, SSTNVLA-4, SSTNEGFR and SSTNHER2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Rapraeger
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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8
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Yao Y, Li F, Huang J, Jin J, Wang H. Leukemia stem cell-bone marrow microenvironment interplay in acute myeloid leukemia development. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:39. [PMID: 34246314 PMCID: PMC8272391 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advances in intensive chemotherapy regimens and targeted therapies, overall survival (OS) of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unfavorable due to inevitable chemotherapy resistance and high relapse rate, which mainly caused by the persistence existence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Bone marrow microenvironment (BMM), the home of hematopoiesis, has been considered to play a crucial role in both hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. When interrupted by the AML cells, a malignant BMM formed and thus provided a refuge for LSCs and protecting them from the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy. In this review, we summarized the alterations in the bidirectional interplay between hematopoietic cells and BMM in the normal/AML hematopoietic environment, and pointed out the key role of these alterations in pathogenesis and chemotherapy resistance of AML. Finally, we focused on the current potential BMM-targeted strategies together with future prospects and challenges. Accordingly, while further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind LSC–BMM interaction, targeting the interaction is perceived as a potential therapeutic strategy to eradicate LSCs and ultimately improve the outcome of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Yao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Ren Z, Spaargaren M, Pals ST. Syndecan-1 and stromal heparan sulfate proteoglycans: key moderators of plasma cell biology and myeloma pathogenesis. Blood 2021; 137:1713-1718. [PMID: 33512430 PMCID: PMC8405055 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma cells no longer express a B-cell antigen receptor and are hence deprived of signals crucial for survival throughout B-cell development. Instead, normal plasma cells, as well as their malignant myeloma counterparts, heavily rely on communication with the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment for survival. The plasma cell heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) syndecan-1 (CD138) and HSPGs in the BM microenvironment act as master regulators of this communication by co-opting specific growth and survival factors from the BM niche. This designates syndecan-1/HSPGs and their synthesis machinery as potential treatment targets in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Ren
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE (Lymphoma and Myeloma Care and Research), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Spaargaren
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE (Lymphoma and Myeloma Care and Research), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steven T Pals
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE (Lymphoma and Myeloma Care and Research), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Gopal S, Arokiasamy S, Pataki C, Whiteford JR, Couchman JR. Syndecan receptors: pericellular regulators in development and inflammatory disease. Open Biol 2021; 11:200377. [PMID: 33561383 PMCID: PMC8061687 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The syndecans are the major family of transmembrane proteoglycans, usually bearing multiple heparan sulfate chains. They are present on virtually all nucleated cells of vertebrates and are also present in invertebrates, indicative of a long evolutionary history. Genetic models in both vertebrates and invertebrates have shown that syndecans link to the actin cytoskeleton and can fine-tune cell adhesion, migration, junction formation, polarity and differentiation. Although often associated as co-receptors with other classes of receptors (e.g. integrins, growth factor and morphogen receptors), syndecans can nonetheless signal to the cytoplasm in discrete ways. Syndecan expression levels are upregulated in development, tissue repair and an array of human diseases, which has led to the increased appreciation that they may be important in pathogenesis not only as diagnostic or prognostic agents, but also as potential targets. Here, their functions in development and inflammatory diseases are summarized, including their potential roles as conduits for viral pathogen entry into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Gopal
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Samantha Arokiasamy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Csilla Pataki
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Biocentre 1.3.16, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - James R. Whiteford
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John R. Couchman
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Biocentre 1.3.16, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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11
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Xia W, Zhu J, Wang X, Tang Y, Zhou P, Wei X, Chang B, Zheng X, Zhu W, Hou M, Li S. Overexpression of Foxc1 regenerates crushed rat facial nerves by promoting Schwann cells migration via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9609-9622. [PMID: 32391604 PMCID: PMC7586989 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Facial paralysis can result in severe implications for patients. A good prognosis depends on the degree of nerve regeneration. Schwann cells (SCs) play an important role in facial nerve development and regeneration through migration. Forkhead box C1 (Foxc1), a member of the forkhead transcription factor family, is implicated in cell migration. However, the role of Foxc1 in the progression after facial nerve crush remains unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of Foxc1 overexpression on SC migration and recovery of facial nerves after crush injury. The rat facial nerve crush injury model was established through the use of unilateral surgery. The results showed that the expression of Foxc1 was increased in the surgery group compared to that of the control group. SCs were isolated from the sciatic nerves and cultured. Foxc1, delivered by an adeno‐associated virus in vivo, or adenovirus in vitro, both induced overexpression of Foxc1, and increased the expression of CXCL12 and β‐catenin. After the transfection of Foxc1, the migration of SC was increased both in vitro and in vivo, was reduced by the inhibition of CXCL12 or β‐catenin. The facial nerve function and the nerve axon remyelination of the rats transfected with Foxc1 were significantly improved after nerve crush injury. Overall, the results demonstrated that overexpression of Foxc1 promoted SC migration by regulating CXCL12 via the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, thus contributing to improved facial nerve function after crush injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinda Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanchun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shiting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Brassart-Pasco S, Brézillon S, Brassart B, Ramont L, Oudart JB, Monboisse JC. Tumor Microenvironment: Extracellular Matrix Alterations Influence Tumor Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:397. [PMID: 32351878 PMCID: PMC7174611 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of various cell types embedded in an altered extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM not only serves as a support for tumor cell but also regulates cell-cell or cell-matrix cross-talks. Alterations in ECM may be induced by hypoxia and acidosis, by oxygen free radicals generated by infiltrating inflammatory cells or by tumor- or stromal cell-secreted proteases. A poorer diagnosis for patients is often associated with ECM alterations. Tumor ECM proteome, also named cancer matrisome, is strongly altered, and different ECM protein signatures may be defined to serve as prognostic biomarkers. Collagen network reorganization facilitates tumor cell invasion. Proteoglycan expression and location are modified in the TME and affect cell invasion and metastatic dissemination. ECM macromolecule degradation by proteases may induce the release of angiogenic growth factors but also the release of proteoglycan-derived or ECM protein fragments, named matrikines or matricryptins. This review will focus on current knowledge and new insights in ECM alterations, degradation, and reticulation through cross-linking enzymes and on the role of ECM fragments in the control of cancer progression and their potential use as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Brassart-Pasco
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Bertrand Brassart
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Ramont
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Service Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Oudart
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Service Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
| | - Jean Claude Monboisse
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Service Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
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