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Heredia-Torrejón M, Montañez R, González-Meneses A, Carcavilla A, Medina MA, Lechuga-Sancho AM. VUS next in rare diseases? Deciphering genetic determinants of biomolecular condensation. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:327. [PMID: 39243101 PMCID: PMC11380411 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic odysseys for rare disease patients are getting shorter as next-generation sequencing becomes more widespread. However, the complex genetic diversity and factors influencing expressivity continue to challenge accurate diagnosis, leaving more than 50% of genetic variants categorized as variants of uncertain significance.Genomic expression intricately hinges on localized interactions among its products. Conventional variant prioritization, biased towards known disease genes and the structure-function paradigm, overlooks the potential impact of variants shaping the composition, location, size, and properties of biomolecular condensates, genuine membraneless organelles swiftly sensing and responding to environmental changes, and modulating expressivity.To address this complexity, we propose to focus on the nexus of genetic variants within biomolecular condensates determinants. Scrutinizing variant effects in these membraneless organelles could refine prioritization, enhance diagnostics, and unveil the molecular underpinnings of rare diseases. Integrating comprehensive genome sequencing, transcriptomics, and computational models can unravel variant pathogenicity and disease mechanisms, enabling precision medicine. This paper presents the rationale driving our proposal and describes a protocol to implement this approach. By fusing state-of-the-art knowledge and methodologies into the clinical practice, we aim to redefine rare diseases diagnosis, leveraging the power of scientific advancement for more informed medical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Heredia-Torrejón
- Inflammation, Nutrition, Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Mother and Child Health and Radiology Department. Area of Clinical Genetics, University of Cadiz. Faculty of Medicine, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Raúl Montañez
- Inflammation, Nutrition, Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Antonio González-Meneses
- Division of Dysmorphology, Department of Paediatrics, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Atilano Carcavilla
- Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046, Madrid, Spain
- Multidisciplinary Unit for RASopathies, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Medina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071, Málaga, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Institute and nanomedicine platform of Málaga IBIMA-BIONAND, E-29071, Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alfonso M Lechuga-Sancho
- Inflammation, Nutrition, Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Paediatrics, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
- Area of Paediatrics, Department of Child and Mother Health and Radiology, Medical School, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
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2
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Cairo LV, Hong X, Müller MBD, Yuste-Checa P, Jagadeesan C, Bracher A, Park SH, Hayer-Hartl M, Hartl FU. Stress-dependent condensate formation regulated by the ubiquitin-related modifier Urm1. Cell 2024; 187:4656-4673.e28. [PMID: 38942013 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
The ability of proteins and RNA to coalesce into phase-separated assemblies, such as the nucleolus and stress granules, is a basic principle in organizing membraneless cellular compartments. While the constituents of biomolecular condensates are generally well documented, the mechanisms underlying their formation under stress are only partially understood. Here, we show in yeast that covalent modification with the ubiquitin-like modifier Urm1 promotes the phase separation of a wide range of proteins. We find that the drop in cellular pH induced by stress triggers Urm1 self-association and its interaction with both target proteins and the Urm1-conjugating enzyme Uba4. Urmylation of stress-sensitive proteins promotes their deposition into stress granules and nuclear condensates. Yeast cells lacking Urm1 exhibit condensate defects that manifest in reduced stress resilience. We propose that Urm1 acts as a reversible molecular "adhesive" to drive protective phase separation of functionally critical proteins under cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas V Cairo
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Hong
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martin B D Müller
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Patricia Yuste-Checa
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Chandhuru Jagadeesan
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Bracher
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sae-Hun Park
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Manajit Hayer-Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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3
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Sarkar S, Ganguly S, Ganguly NK, Sarkar DP, Sharma NR. Chandipura Virus Forms Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies through Phase Separation and Proviral Association of Cellular Protein Kinase R and Stress Granule Protein TIA-1. Viruses 2024; 16:1027. [PMID: 39066190 PMCID: PMC11281494 DOI: 10.3390/v16071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Negative-strand RNA viruses form cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs) representing virus replication foci through phase separation or biomolecular condensation of viral and cellular proteins, as a hallmark of their infection. Alternatively, mammalian cells form stalled mRNA containing antiviral stress granules (SGs), as a consequence of phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) through condensation of several RNA-binding proteins including TIA-1. Whether and how Chandipura virus (CHPV), an emerging human pathogen causing influenza-like illness, coma and death, forms IBs and evades antiviral SGs remain unknown. By confocal imaging on CHPV-infected Vero-E6 cells, we found that CHPV infection does not induce formation of distinct canonical SGs. Instead, CHPV proteins condense and co-localize together with SG proteins to form heterogeneous IBs, which ensued independent of the activation of eIF2α and eIF2α kinase, protein kinase R (PKR). Interestingly, siRNA-mediated depletion of PKR or TIA-1 significantly decreased viral transcription and virion production. Moreover, CHPV infection also caused condensation and recruitment of PKR to IBs. Compared to SGs, IBs exhibited significant rapidity in disassembly dynamics. Altogether, our study demonstrating that CHPV replication co-optimizes with SG proteins and revealing an unprecedented proviral role of TIA-1/PKR may have implications in understanding the mechanisms regulating CHPV-IB formation and designing antiviral therapeutics. Importance: CHPV is an emerging tropical pathogen reported to cause acute influenza-like illness and encephalitis in children with a very high mortality rate of ~70%. Lack of vaccines and an effective therapy against CHPV makes it a potent pathogen for causing an epidemic in tropical parts of globe. Given these forewarnings, it is of paramount importance that CHPV biology must be understood comprehensively. Targeting of host factors offers several advantages over targeting the viral components due to the generally higher mutation rate in the viral genome. In this study, we aimed at understanding the role of SGs forming cellular RNA-binding proteins in CHPV replication. Our study helps understand participation of cellular factors in CHPV replication and could help develop effective therapeutics against the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; (S.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Surajit Ganguly
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; (S.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Nirmal K. Ganguly
- Department of Education and Research, AERF, Artemis Hospitals, Gurugram 122001, India;
| | - Debi P. Sarkar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Nishi Raj Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; (S.S.); (S.G.)
- Department of Education and Research, AERF, Artemis Hospitals, Gurugram 122001, India;
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4
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Creamer DR, Beynon RJ, Hubbard SJ, Ashe MP, Grant CM. Isoform-specific sequestration of protein kinase A fine-tunes intracellular signaling during heat stress. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114360. [PMID: 38865242 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase A (PKA) is a conserved kinase crucial for fundamental biological processes linked to growth, development, and metabolism. The PKA catalytic subunit is expressed as multiple isoforms in diverse eukaryotes; however, their contribution to ensuring signaling specificity in response to environmental cues remains poorly defined. Catalytic subunit activity is classically moderated via interaction with an inhibitory regulatory subunit. Here, a quantitative mass spectrometry approach is used to examine heat-stress-induced changes in the binding of yeast Tpk1-3 catalytic subunits to the Bcy1 regulatory subunit. We show that Tpk3 is not regulated by Bcy1 binding but, instead, is deactivated upon heat stress via reversible sequestration into cytoplasmic granules. These "Tpk3 granules" are enriched for multiple PKA substrates involved in various metabolic processes, with the Hsp42 sequestrase required for their formation. Hence, regulated sequestration of Tpk3 provides a mechanism to control isoform-specific kinase signaling activity during stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan R Creamer
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Robert J Beynon
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Systems and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Simon J Hubbard
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Mark P Ashe
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Chris M Grant
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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5
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Grimes B, Jacob W, Liberman AR, Kim N, Zhao X, Masison DC, Greene LE. The Properties and Domain Requirements for Phase Separation of the Sup35 Prion Protein In Vivo. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1370. [PMID: 37759770 PMCID: PMC10526957 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sup35 prion protein of budding yeast has been reported to undergo phase separation to form liquid droplets both at low pH in vitro and when energy depletion decreases the intracellular pH in vivo. It also has been shown using purified proteins that this phase separation is driven by the prion domain of Sup35 and does not re-quire its C-terminal domain. In contrast, we now find that a Sup35 fragment consisting of only the N-terminal prion domain and the M-domain does not phase separate in vivo; this phase separation of Sup35 requires the C-terminal domain, which binds Sup45 to form the translation termination complex. The phase-separated Sup35 not only colocalizes with Sup45 but also with Pub1, a stress granule marker protein. In addition, like stress granules, phase separation of Sup35 appears to require mRNA since cycloheximide treatment, which inhibits mRNA release from ribosomes, prevents phase separation of Sup35. Finally, unlike Sup35 in vitro, Sup35 condensates do not disassemble in vivo when the intracellular pH is increased. These results suggest that, in energy-depleted cells, Sup35 forms supramolecular assemblies that differ from the Sup35 liquid droplets that form in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Grimes
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Walter Jacob
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amanda R. Liberman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nathan Kim
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel C. Masison
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lois E. Greene
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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6
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Lsm7 phase-separated condensates trigger stress granule formation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3701. [PMID: 35764627 PMCID: PMC9240020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are non-membranous organelles facilitating stress responses and linking the pathology of age-related diseases. In a genome-wide imaging-based phenomic screen, we identify Pab1 co-localizing proteins under 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) induced stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We find that deletion of one of the Pab1 co-localizing proteins, Lsm7, leads to a significant decrease in SG formation. Under 2-DG stress, Lsm7 rapidly forms foci that assist in SG formation. The Lsm7 foci form via liquid-liquid phase separation, and the intrinsically disordered region and the hydrophobic clusters within the Lsm7 sequence are the internal driving forces in promoting Lsm7 phase separation. The dynamic Lsm7 phase-separated condensates appear to work as seeding scaffolds, promoting Pab1 demixing and subsequent SG initiation, seemingly mediated by RNA interactions. The SG initiation mechanism, via Lsm7 phase separation, identified in this work provides valuable clues for understanding the mechanisms underlying SG formation and SG-associated human diseases.
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7
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Kuechler ER, Jacobson M, Mayor T, Gsponer J. GraPES: The Granule Protein Enrichment Server for prediction of biological condensate constituents. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:W384-W391. [PMID: 35474477 PMCID: PMC9252806 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase separation-based condensate formation is a novel working paradigm in biology, helping to rationalize many important cellular phenomena including the assembly of membraneless organelles. Uncovering the functional impact of cellular condensates requires a better knowledge of these condensates’ constituents. Herein, we introduce the webserver GraPES (Granule Protein Enrichment Server), a user-friendly online interface containing the MaGS and MaGSeq predictors, which provide propensity scores for proteins’ localization into cellular condensates. Our webpage contains models trained on human (Homo sapiens) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) stress granule proteins. MaGS utilizes experimentally-based protein features for prediction, whereas MaGSeq is an entirely protein sequence-based implementation. GraPES is implemented in HTML/CSS and Javascript and is freely available for public use at https://grapes.msl.ubc.ca/. Documentation for using the provided webtools, descriptions of their methodology, and implementation notes can be found on the webpage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich R Kuechler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew Jacobson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Thibault Mayor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jörg Gsponer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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8
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Harrison PM. fLPS 2.0: rapid annotation of compositionally-biased regions in biological sequences. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12363. [PMID: 34760378 PMCID: PMC8557692 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Compositionally-biased (CB) regions in biological sequences are enriched for a subset of sequence residue types. These can be shorter regions with a concentrated bias (i.e., those termed ‘low-complexity’), or longer regions that have a compositional skew. These regions comprise a prominent class of the uncharacterized ‘dark matter’ of the protein universe. Here, I report the latest version of the fLPS package for the annotation of CB regions, which includes added consideration of DNA sequences, to label the eight possible biased regions of DNA. In this version, the user is now able to restrict analysis to a specified subset of residue types, and also to filter for previously annotated domains to enable detection of discontinuous CB regions. A ‘thorough’ option has been added which enables the labelling of subtler biases, typically made from a skew for several residue types. In the output, protein CB regions are now labelled with bias classes reflecting the physico-chemical character of the biasing residues. The fLPS 2.0 package is available from: https://github.com/pmharrison/flps2 or in a Supplemental File of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Harrison
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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9
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Dannenmaier S, Desroches Altamirano C, Schüler L, Zhang Y, Hummel J, Milanov M, Oeljeklaus S, Koch HG, Rospert S, Alberti S, Warscheid B. Quantitative proteomics identifies the universally conserved ATPase Ola1p as a positive regulator of heat shock response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101050. [PMID: 34571008 PMCID: PMC8531669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The universally conserved P-loop ATPase Ola1 is implicated in various cellular stress response pathways, as well as in cancer and tumor progression. However, Ola1p functions are divergent between species, and the involved mechanisms are only poorly understood. Here, we studied the role of Ola1p in the heat shock response of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a combination of quantitative and pulse labeling-based proteomics approaches, in vitro studies, and cell-based assays. Our data show that when heat stress is applied to cells lacking Ola1p, the expression of stress-protective proteins is enhanced. During heat stress Ola1p associates with detergent-resistant protein aggregates and rapidly forms assemblies that localize to stress granules. The assembly of Ola1p was also observed in vitro using purified protein and conditions, which resembled those in living cells. We show that loss of Ola1p results in increased protein ubiquitination of detergent-insoluble aggregates recovered from heat-shocked cells. When cells lacking Ola1p were subsequently relieved from heat stress, reinitiation of translation was delayed, whereas, at the same time, de novo synthesis of central factors required for protein refolding and the clearance of aggregates was enhanced when compared with wild-type cells. The combined data suggest that upon acute heat stress, Ola1p is involved in the stabilization of misfolded proteins, which become sequestered in cytoplasmic stress granules. This function of Ola1p enables cells to resume translation in a timely manner as soon as heat stress is relieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dannenmaier
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Schüler
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hummel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Milanov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Silke Oeljeklaus
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Rospert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Alberti
- BIOTEC and CMCB, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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10
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Fomicheva A, Ross ED. From Prions to Stress Granules: Defining the Compositional Features of Prion-Like Domains That Promote Different Types of Assemblies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031251. [PMID: 33513942 PMCID: PMC7865556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress granules are ribonucleoprotein assemblies that form in response to cellular stress. Many of the RNA-binding proteins found in stress granule proteomes contain prion-like domains (PrLDs), which are low-complexity sequences that compositionally resemble yeast prion domains. Mutations in some of these PrLDs have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, and are associated with persistent stress granule accumulation. While both stress granules and prions are macromolecular assemblies, they differ in both their physical properties and complexity. Prion aggregates are highly stable homopolymeric solids, while stress granules are complex dynamic biomolecular condensates driven by multivalent homotypic and heterotypic interactions. Here, we use stress granules and yeast prions as a paradigm to examine how distinct sequence and compositional features of PrLDs contribute to different types of PrLD-containing assemblies.
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11
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First person – Mang Zhu. J Cell Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Mang Zhu is first author on ‘Proteomic analysis reveals the direct recruitment of intrinsically disordered regions to stress granules in S. cerevisiae’, published in JCS. Mang is a PhD candidate in the lab of Thibault Mayor at Michael Smith Laboratories, Vancouver, Canada, investigating how large protein assemblies are formed in cells.
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