1
|
Pallar RM, Pingle SK, Gaikwad AS, Yennam NS, Raju N, Kumar P, Adepu VK, Tumane RG, Veeranjaneyulu C, Matte K. Lectin: A Molecular Tool in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy with Special Reference to Reproductive Cancers. Mol Biotechnol 2025; 67:456-468. [PMID: 38456960 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01086-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer deaths globally and domestically is higher especially due to the deferment of diagnosis and lack of facilities for women's reproductive cancers. The present review focussed to explore the application of lectins in cancer theranostics. Though there is cancer diagnostic and treatment available there is no promising early diagnostic tool and effective treatment available for the cancer which is the major concern. Lectins are cellulose-binding proteins that are strongly determined in saccharide groups of glycans, glycopeptides, or glycolipids. In the concomitance of events in cells, carbohydrates, and proteins, lectins play an important role. Lectins bind superiorly to the cancer cell membrane and their receptors induce the cytotoxic effect, which results in caspase-mediated cell death, and prohibits tumour development. Lectin snuffing also reveals polyamine stocks and impedes the growth of cancerous cells. They affect the cell cycle by non-apoptotic aggregation, seizure of the cell cycle phase G2, M, and the mediation of caspases. It can also adversely affect the action of telomerase and hinder vascularisation. They promote immunomodulation and adversely limit protein synthesis. Their easy availability and its characteristics support its use in cancer diagnosis and therapy, despite their small corollary effects. Future investigations recommend focussing more on the key applications of lectin by reducing its concurrent effects and carrying out more in-vitro investigations. However, the use of lectin formulations for cancer theranostics is a new area in cancer detection and treatment. In this review, plant lectin appears to be a potential target for cancer research in the fields of diagnosis and theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachna M Pallar
- D Y Patil Deemed to be University, School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Shubhangi K Pingle
- Department of Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, ICMR Complex, Kannamangala PO, Poojanahalli Road, Devanahalli Taluk, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India.
| | - Avinash Shivaji Gaikwad
- Department of Hygiene, ICMR - Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India
| | - Naveen S Yennam
- D Y Patil Deemed to be University, School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - N Raju
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR- Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India
| | - Panja Kumar
- Department of Hygiene, ICMR - Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Adepu
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR- Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India
| | - Rajani G Tumane
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR- Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India
| | - Chennuru Veeranjaneyulu
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR- Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India
| | - Kartikey Matte
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR- Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tasnin MN, Takuma T, Takahashi Y, Ushimaru T. ESCRT elicits vacuolar fission in the absence of Vps4 in budding yeast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 746:151244. [PMID: 39756210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Revised: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
In budding yeast, endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) mediates microautophagy by vacuolar membrane invagination into the vacuolar lumen, followed by Vps4-assisted membrane constriction and abscission. Here, we show that ESCRT elicits vacuolar fission in the absence of Vps4 after nutrient starvation, although vacuolar fusion is facilitated in wild-type cells in these conditions. ESCRT mediated vacuolar membrane invagination in vps4Δ cells, thereby causing vacuolar fission. It is known that vacuolar fission requires phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) and β-propellers that bind polyphosphoinositides (PROPPINs), PI(3,5)P2-binding proteins. However, PROPPIN, but not PI(3,5)P2, was dispensable for the ESCRT-mediated vacuolar fragmentation. Finally, we showed evidence that microlipophagy triggers vacuolar fission. Thus, disruption of the coordinated sequence of ESCRT-Vps4 operations in microautophagy leads to vacuolar fragmentation. This study provides insight into the ESCRT-Vps4 axis-dependent cellular disfunctions and related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Most Naoshia Tasnin
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Takuma
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Course of Biological Science, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Takashi Ushimaru
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan; Course of Biological Science, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lysyganicz PK, Barbosa AD, Khondker S, Stewart NA, Carman GM, Stansfeld PJ, Dymond MK, Siniossoglou S. Partitioning of fatty acids between membrane and storage lipids controls ER membrane expansion. EMBO J 2025:10.1038/s44318-024-00355-3. [PMID: 39753951 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Biogenesis of membrane-bound organelles involves the synthesis, remodeling, and degradation of their constituent phospholipids. How these pathways regulate organelle size remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that a lipid-degradation pathway inhibits expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDATs) use endogenous phospholipids as fatty-acyl donors to generate triglyceride stored in lipid droplets. The significance of this non-canonical triglyceride biosynthesis pathway has remained elusive. We find that the activity of the yeast PDAT Lro1 is regulated by a membrane-proximal helical segment facing the luminal side of the ER bilayer. To reveal the biological roles of PDATs, we engineered an Lro1 variant with derepressed activity. We show that active Lro1 mediates retraction of ER membrane expansion driven by phospholipid synthesis. Furthermore, subcellular distribution and membrane turnover activity of Lro1 are controlled by diacylglycerol produced by the activity of Pah1, a conserved member of the lipin family. Collectively, our findings reveal a lipid-metabolic network that regulates endoplasmic reticulum biogenesis by converting phospholipids into storage lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel K Lysyganicz
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Antonio D Barbosa
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Shoily Khondker
- Department of Food Science and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | | | - George M Carman
- Department of Food Science and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Phillip J Stansfeld
- School of Life Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Marcus K Dymond
- Centre for Lifelong Health, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Symeon Siniossoglou
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gupta S, Cassel SL, Sutterwala FS, Dagvadorj J. Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by autophagy and mitophagy. Immunol Rev 2025; 329:e13410. [PMID: 39417249 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that upon activation by the innate immune system drives a broad inflammatory response. The primary initial mediators of this response are pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18, both of which are in an inactive form. Formation and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome activates caspase-1, which cleaves pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 and triggers the formation of gasdermin D pores. Gasdermin D pores allow for the secretion of active IL-1β and IL-18 initiating the organism-wide inflammatory response. The NLRP3 inflammasome response can be beneficial to the host; however, if the NLRP3 inflammasome is inappropriately activated it can lead to significant pathology. While the primary components of the NLRP3 inflammasome are known, the precise details of assembly and activation are less well defined and conflicting. Here, we discuss several of the proposed pathways of activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. We examine the role of subcellular localization and the reciprocal regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by autophagy. We focus on the roles of mitochondria and mitophagy in activating and regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Finally, we detail the impact of pathologic NLRP3 responses in the development and manifestations of pulmonary disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Suzanne L Cassel
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fayyaz S Sutterwala
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jargalsaikhan Dagvadorj
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tasnin MN, Takahashi Y, Takuma T, Ushimaru T. ESCRT mediates micronucleophagy and macronucleophagy in yeast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 742:151102. [PMID: 39642706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/09/2024]
Abstract
Endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) is required for maintenance of nuclear functions and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ideal model for studying ESCRT-dependent diseases. Nucleolar proteins are degraded by macronucleophagy and micronucleophagy after nutrient depletion and inactivation of target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) kinase. Here, we show that ESCRT is critical for micronucleophagic degradation of nucleolar proteins upon TORC1 inactivation. In addition, ESCRT was also critical for rDNA condensation and nucleolar remodeling, which is necessary for proper micronucleophagic degradation of nucleolar proteins after TORC1 inactivation. On the other hand, ESCRT was dispensable for bulk macroautophagy, whereas it was also critical for macronucleophagy. Thus, ESCRT has an important role for elimination of nucleolar proteins in response to nutrient deprivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Most Naoshia Tasnin
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Course of Biological Science, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Takuma
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Takashi Ushimaru
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan; Course of Biological Science, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tasnin MN, Takahashi Y, Takuma T, Ushimaru T. Nuclear ESCRT is involved in intranuclear protein quality control by micronucleophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 744:151219. [PMID: 39721364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Intranuclear protein quality control (PQC) is critical for protein homeostasis (or proteostasis) in non-dividing cells including brain nerve cells, but its molecular mechanism remains unresolved. In nutrient-starved conditions, elimination of nucleolar proteins is critical for cell viability in budding yeast, providing a model system to study the mechanisms involved in intranuclear PQC. The nuclear-specific endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) CHMP7/Chm7 is linked to neurodegenerative diseases, but its known role is limited. Here, we show a novel role of nuclear ESCRT in intranuclear PQC. Chm7 and its recruiter protein Heh1 were critical for micronucleophagic degradation of nucleolar proteins and for rDNA condensation and nucleolar remodeling, which is prerequisite for proper micronucleophagic degradation of nucleolar proteins. By contrast, Chm7 was dispensable for macronucleophagy. Finally, not only authentic ESCRT but also Chm7 was crucial for the survival of quiescent cells in prolonged nutrient-starved conditions. This study uncovered that nuclear ESCRT together with authentic ESCRT orchestrate micronucleophagic degradation of nucleolar proteins, contributing to intranuclear protein homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Most Naoshia Tasnin
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Course of Biological Science, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Takuma
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan
| | - Takashi Ushimaru
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan; Course of Biological Science, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8021, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Raza S, Siddiqui JA, Srivastava A, Chattopadhyay N, Sinha RA, Chakravarti B. Autophagy as a Therapeutic Target in Breast Tumors: The Cancer stem cell perspective. AUTOPHAGY REPORTS 2024; 3:27694127.2024.2358648. [PMID: 39006309 PMCID: PMC7616179 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2024.2358648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, with a subpopulation of tumor cells known as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) with self-renewal and differentiation abilities that play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex area where diverse cancer cells reside creating a highly interactive environment with secreted factors, and the extracellular matrix. Autophagy, a cellular self-digestion process, influences dynamic cellular processes in the tumor TME integrating diverse signals that regulate tumor development and heterogeneity. Autophagy acts as a double-edged sword in the breast TME, with both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing roles. Autophagy promotes breast tumorigenesis by regulating tumor cell survival, migration and invasion, metabolic reprogramming, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). BCSCs harness autophagy to maintain stemness properties, evade immune surveillance, and resist therapeutic interventions. Conversely, excessive, or dysregulated autophagy may lead to BCSC differentiation or cell death, offering a potential avenue for therapeutic exploration. The molecular mechanisms that regulate autophagy in BCSCs including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMPK, and Beclin-1 signaling pathways may be potential targets for pharmacological intervention in breast cancer. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between autophagy and BCSCs, highlighting recent advancements in our understanding of their interplay. We also discuss the current state of autophagy-targeting agents and their preclinical and clinical development in BCSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Raza
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Anubhav Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Rohit Anthony Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Bandana Chakravarti
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Z, Mochida K, Nakatogawa H. Macronucleophagy maintains cell viability under nitrogen starvation by modulating micronucleophagy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:10670. [PMID: 39690163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosome/vacuole-mediated intracellular degradation pathways, collectively known as autophagy, play crucial roles in the maintenance and regulation of various cellular functions. However, little is known about the relationship between different modes of autophagy. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nitrogen starvation triggers both macronucleophagy and micronucleophagy, in which nuclear components are degraded via macroautophagy and microautophagy, respectively. We previously revealed that Atg39-mediated macronucleophagy is important for cell survival under nitrogen starvation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we reveal that defective Atg39-mediated macronucleophagy leads to the hyperactivation of micronucleophagy, resulting in the excessive transport of various nuclear components into the vacuole. Micronucleophagy occurs at the nucleus-vacuole junction (NVJ). We show that nuclear membrane proteins localized to the NVJ, including Nvj1, which is responsible for micronucleophagy, are degraded via macronucleophagy. Therefore, defective Atg39-mediated macronucleophagy results in the accumulation of Nvj1, which contributes to micronucleophagy enhancement. Blocking micronucleophagy almost completely suppresses cell death caused by the absence of Atg39, whereas enhanced micronucleophagy correlates with death in Atg39-mutant cells under nitrogen starvation. These results suggest that macronucleophagy modulates micronucleophagy in order to prevent the excess removal of nuclear components, thereby maintaining nuclear and cellular homeostasis during nitrogen starvation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Li
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Integrated Research, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Mochida
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Integrated Research, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakatogawa
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Integrated Research, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khan S, Upadhyay S, Hassan MI. Novel prospects in targeting neurodegenerative disorders via autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 984:177060. [PMID: 39426466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
Protein aggregation occurs as a consequence of dysfunction in the normal cellular proteostasis, which leads to the accumulation of toxic fibrillar aggregates of certain proteins in the cell. Enhancing the activity of proteolytic pathways may serve as a way of clearing these aggregates in a cell, and consequently, autophagy has surfaced as a promising target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Several strategies involving small molecule compounds that stimulate autophagic pathway of cell have been discovered. However, despite many compounds having demonstrated favorable outcomes in experimental disease models, the translation of these findings into clinical benefits for patient's remains limited. Consequently, alternative strategies are actively being explored to effectively target neurodegeneration via autophagy modulation. Recently, newer approaches such as modulation of expression of autophagic genes have emerged as novel and interesting areas of research in this field, which hold promising potential in neuroprotection. Similarly, as discussed for the first time in this review, the use of autophagy-inducing nanoparticles by utilizing their physicochemical properties to stimulate the autophagic process, rather than relying on their role as drug carriers, offers a completely fresh avenue for targeting neurodegeneration without the risk of drug-associated adverse effects. This review provides fresh perspectives on developing autophagy-targeted therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and impediments of implementing these strategies to alleviate the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders in clinical settings and highlights the prospects and directions of future research in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumayila Khan
- International Health Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Saurabh Upadhyay
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
He R, Liu Y, Fu W, He X, Liu S, Xiao D, Tao Y. Mechanisms and cross-talk of regulated cell death and their epigenetic modifications in tumor progression. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:267. [PMID: 39614268 PMCID: PMC11606237 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02172-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 12/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a fundamental part of life for metazoans. To maintain the balance between cell proliferation and metabolism of human bodies, a certain number of cells need to be removed regularly. Hence, the mechanisms of cell death have been preserved during the evolution of multicellular organisms. Tumorigenesis is closely related with exceptional inhibition of cell death. Mutations or defects in cell death-related genes block the elimination of abnormal cells and enhance the resistance of malignant cells to chemotherapy. Therefore, the investigation of cell death mechanisms enables the development of drugs that directly induce tumor cell death. In the guidelines updated by the Cell Death Nomenclature Committee (NCCD) in 2018, cell death was classified into 12 types according to morphological, biochemical and functional classification, including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, PARP-1 parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence and mitotic catastrophe. The mechanistic relationships between epigenetic controls and cell death in cancer progression were previously unclear. In this review, we will summarize the mechanisms of cell death pathways and corresponding epigenetic regulations. Also, we will explore the extensive interactions between these pathways and discuss the mechanisms of cell death in epigenetics which bring benefits to tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Weijie Fu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Xuan He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Desheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410078, China.
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Furong Laboratory, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, 410078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang Y, Li Q, Chu LT, Lin X, Chen H, Chen L, Tang J, Zeng T. Autophagy in cholangiocarcinoma: a comprehensive review about roles and regulatory mechanisms. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03797-7. [PMID: 39585591 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024]
Abstract
The role of autophagy in cholangiocarcinogenesis and its development is intricate. Autophagy has a dual role in cholangiocarcinoma, and understanding the function and mechanism of autophagy in cholangiocarcinoma is pivotal in guiding therapeutic approaches to its treatment in clinical settings. Recent studies have revealed that autophagy is involved in the complex biological behavior of cholangiocarcinoma. In this review, we have summarized the genes and drugs that would promote or inhibit autophagy, leading to change in cellular behaviors of cholangiocarcinoma, including apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and migration, and influence its cellular drug resistance. In addition, we concluded the signaling pathways modulating autophagy in cholangiocarcinoma cells, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR,p38MAPK,AMPK/mTOR,LKB1-AMPK, and AKT/WNK1, and ERK signaling pathways, which subsequently impacting apoptosis, death, migration, invasion, and proliferation. In conclusion, we would like that we can provide ideas for future cholangiocarcinoma treatment by comprehensively summarizing the latest studies on the relationship between autophagy and cholangiocarcinoma, including the factors affecting autophagy and related signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Renmin Rd, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Renmin Rd, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lok Ting Chu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocong Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Helian Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Renmin Rd, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsong Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Renmin Rd, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjing Tang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Renmin Rd, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Renmin Rd, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang S, Jiang L, Deng L, Luo J, Zhang X, Chen S, Dong Z. Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting P53-Mediated Mitochondria-Associated Apoptosis. Neurochem Res 2024; 50:29. [PMID: 39576398 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion is a complex brain disease involving multiple biological processes, including autophagy, oxidative stress, and mitochondria-associated apoptosis. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a selective autophagy, is involved in the development of various neurodegenerative diseases and acute nerve injury, but its role in ischemia-reperfusion is unclear. Here, we used middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models to simulate cerebral ischemic stroke in vivo and in vitro, respectively. LAMP2A (lysosome-associated membrane protein 2A), a key molecule of CMA, was dramatically downregulated in ischemia-reperfusion. Enhancement of CMA activity by LAMP2A overexpression reduced the neurological deficit, brain infarct volume, pathological features, and neuronal apoptosis of the cortex in vivo. Concomitantly, enhanced CMA activity alleviated OGD/R-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential decline in vitro. In addition, we found that CMA inhibited the P53(Tumor protein p53) signaling pathway and reduced P53 translocation to mitochondria. The P53 activator, Nutlin-3, not only reversed the inhibitory effect of CMA on apoptosis, but also significantly weakened the protective effect of CMA on OGD/R and MCAO/R. Taken together, these results indicate that inhibition of P53-mediated mitochondria-associated apoptosis is essential for the neuroprotective effect of CMA against ischemia-reperfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaonan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Sha Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Zhi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ke PY, Yeh CT. Functional Role of Hepatitis C Virus NS5A in the Regulation of Autophagy. Pathogens 2024; 13:980. [PMID: 39599533 PMCID: PMC11597459 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 10/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Many types of RNA viruses, including the hepatitis C virus (HCV), activate autophagy in infected cells to promote viral growth and counteract the host defense response. Autophagy acts as a catabolic pathway in which unnecessary materials are removed via the lysosome, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis. The HCV non-structural 5A (NS5A) protein is a phosphoprotein required for viral RNA replication, virion assembly, and the determination of interferon (IFN) sensitivity. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that HCV NS5A can induce autophagy to promote mitochondrial turnover and the degradation of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF-1α) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1). In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the detailed mechanism by which HCV NS5A triggers autophagy, and outline the physiological significance of the balance between host-virus interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yuan Ke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Weigert A, Herhaus L. Immune modulation through secretory autophagy. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30427. [PMID: 37260061 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a central mechanism of cellular homeostasis through the degradation of a wide range of cellular constituents. However, recent evidence suggests that autophagy actively provides information to neighboring cells via a process called secretory autophagy. Secretory autophagy couples the autophagy machinery to the secretion of cellular content via extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs carry a variety of cargo, that reflect the pathophysiological state of the originating cells and have the potential to change the functional profile of recipient cells, to modulate cell biology. The immune system has evolved to maintain local and systemic homeostasis. It is able to sense a wide array of molecules signaling disturbed homeostasis, including EVs and their content. In this review, we explore the emerging concept of secretory autophagy as a means to communicate cellular, and in total tissue pathophysiological states to the immune system to initiate the restoration of tissue homeostasis. Understanding how autophagy mediates the secretion of immunogenic factors may hold great potential for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University School of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lina Herhaus
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University School of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Molavand M, Ebrahimnezhade N, Kiani A, Yousefi B, Nazari A, Majidinia M. Regulation of autophagy by non-coding RNAs in human glioblastoma. Med Oncol 2024; 41:260. [PMID: 39375229 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a lethal form of brain cancer, poses substantial challenges in treatment due to its aggressive nature and resistance to standard therapies like radiation and chemotherapy. Autophagy has a crucial role in glioblastoma progression by supporting cellular homeostasis and promoting survival under stressful conditions. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play diverse biological roles including, gene regulation, chromatin remodeling, and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Emerging evidence reveals the intricate regulatory mechanisms of autophagy orchestrated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in glioblastoma. The diverse roles of these ncRNAs in regulating crucial autophagy-related pathways, including AMPK/mTOR signaling, the PI3K/AKT pathway, Beclin1, and other autophagy-triggering system regulation, sheds light on ncRNAs biological mechanisms in the proliferation, invasion, and therapy response of glioblastoma cells. Furthermore, the clinical implications of targeting ncRNA-regulated autophagy as a promising therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma treatment are in the spotlight of ongoing studies. In this review, we delve into our current understanding of how ncRNAs regulate autophagy in glioblastoma, with a specific focus on microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), and their intricate interplay with therapy response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Molavand
- Student Research Commitee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niloufar Ebrahimnezhade
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Kiani
- Student Research Commite, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
- Molecular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Nazari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Barmaki H, Nourazarian A, Shademan B, Khaki-Khatibi F. The autophagy paradox: A new hypothesis in neurodegenerative disorders. Neurochem Int 2024; 179:105827. [PMID: 39111406 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
A recent study showed that while autophagy is usually tied to protein and organelle turnover, it can also play dual roles in neurodegenerative diseases. Traditionally, autophagy was seen as protective since it removes damaged proteins and organelles. but new data suggests autophagy can sometimes promote neuron death. and This review tackles autophagy's seemingly contradictory effects in neurodegeneration, or the "autophagy paradox. " It offers a framework for understanding autophagy in neurodegenerative research and the cellular processes involved. In short, our data uncovers a harmful autophagy role in certain situations, conflicting the view that it's always beneficial. We describe the distinct, disease-specific autophagy pathways functioning in various neurodegenerative diseases. Part two concerns potential therapeutic implications of manipulating autophagy and current strategies targeting the autophagic system, suggesting interesting areas for future research into tailored modulators. This could eventually enable activating or controlling specific autophagy pathways and aid in developing more effective treatments. Researchers believe more molecular-level research is needed so patient-tailored autophagy-modulating therapeutics can be developed given this dilemma. Moreover, research must translate faster into effective neurodegenerative disease treatment options. This article aims to provide a wholly new perspective on autophagy's classically described role in these severe diseases, challenging current dogma and opening new therapeutic avenue options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Barmaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran; Student Research Committee, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khaki-Khatibi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rudinskiy M, Morone D, Molinari M. Fluorescent Reporters, Imaging, and Artificial Intelligence Toolkits to Monitor and Quantify Autophagy, Heterophagy, and Lysosomal Trafficking Fluxes. Traffic 2024; 25:e12957. [PMID: 39450581 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomal compartments control the clearance of cell-own material (autophagy) or of material that cells endocytose from the external environment (heterophagy) to warrant supply of nutrients, to eliminate macromolecules or parts of organelles present in excess, aged, or containing toxic material. Inherited or sporadic mutations in lysosomal proteins and enzymes may hamper their folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and their lysosomal transport via the Golgi compartment, resulting in lysosomal dysfunction and storage disorders. Defective cargo delivery to lysosomal compartments is harmful to cells and organs since it causes accumulation of toxic compounds and defective organellar homeostasis. Assessment of resident proteins and cargo fluxes to the lysosomal compartments is crucial for the mechanistic dissection of intracellular transport and catabolic events. It might be combined with high-throughput screenings to identify cellular, chemical, or pharmacological modulators of these events that may find therapeutic use for autophagy-related and lysosomal storage disorders. Here, discuss qualitative, quantitative and chronologic monitoring of autophagic, heterophagic and lysosomal protein trafficking in fixed and live cells, which relies on fluorescent single and tandem reporters used in combination with biochemical, flow cytometry, light and electron microscopy approaches implemented by artificial intelligence-based technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Rudinskiy
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diego Morone
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Molinari
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tang L, Ding J, Yang K, Zong Z, Wu R, Li H. New insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of chondrocyte autophagy in osteoarthritis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:1229-1244. [PMID: 39145815 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with an unclear cause characterized by secondary osteophytes and degenerative changes in the articular cartilage. More than 250 million people are expected to be affected by it by 2050, putting a tremendous socioeconomic strain on the entire world. OA cannot currently be treated with any effective medications that change the illness. Over time, chondrocytes undergo gradual metabolic, structural, and functional changes as a result of aging or abuse. The degenerative progression of osteoarthritis is significantly influenced by the imbalance of chondrocyte homeostasis. By continuously recycling and rebuilding macromolecules or organelles, autophagy functions as a crucial regulatory system to maintain homeostasis during an individual's growth and development. This review uses chondrocytes as its starting point and establishes a strong connection between autophagy and osteoarthritis in order to thoroughly examine the mechanisms behind chondrocyte autophagy in osteoarthritis. Biomarkers of chondrocyte autophagy will be identified, and prospective targeted medications and novel treatment approaches for slowing or preventing the course of OA will be developed based on chondrocyte senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis in OA. KEY MESSAGES: Currently, OA has not been treated with any drugs that can effectively cure it. We hope that by exploring specific targets in the course of osteoarthritis, we can promote the progress of treatment strategies. The degenerative progression of osteoarthritis is significantly influenced by the imbalance of chondrocyte balance. Through the continuous recovery and reconstruction of macromolecules or organelles, autophagy is an important regulatory system for maintaining homeostasis during individual growth and development. In this paper, the close relationship between autophagy and osteoarthritis was established with chondrocytes as the starting point, in order to further explore the mechanism of chondrocyte autophagy in osteoarthritis. The development process of osteoarthritis was studied from the perspective of chondrocytes, and the change of autophagy level had a significant impact on osteoarthritis. Chondrocyte autophagy is mainly determined by intracellular mitochondrial autophagy, so we are committed to finding relevant molecules. Through PI3K/AKT- and MAPK-related pathways, the biomarkers of chondrocyte autophagy were identified, and chondrocyte senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis based on osteoarthritis provided a constructive idea for the development of prospective targeted drugs and new therapies to slow down or prevent the progression of osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lujia Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- The Third Clinical Medicine School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiatong Ding
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kangping Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhou Z, Zhang P, Li J, Yao J, Jiang Y, Wan M, Tang W, Liu L. Autophagy and the pancreas: Healthy and disease states. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1460616. [PMID: 39381372 PMCID: PMC11458389 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1460616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway that has an important effect on both healthy and diseased pancreases. It protects the structure and function of the pancreas by maintaining organelle homeostasis and removing damaged organelles. A variety of pancreas-related diseases, such as diabetes, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer, are closely associated with autophagy. Genetic studies that address autophagy confirm this view. Loss of autophagy homeostasis (lack or overactivation) can lead to a series of adverse reactions, such as oxidative accumulation, increased inflammation, and cell death. There is growing evidence that stimulating or inhibiting autophagy is a potential therapeutic strategy for various pancreatic diseases. In this review, we discuss the multiple roles of autophagy in physiological and pathological conditions of the pancreas, including its role as a protective or pathogenic factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Li
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Yao
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenfu Tang
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ginevskaia T, Innokentev A, Furukawa K, Fukuda T, Hayatsu M, Yamashita SI, Inoue K, Shibata S, Kanki T. Comprehensive analysis of non-selective and selective autophagy in yeast atg mutants and characterization of autophagic activity in the absence of the Atg8 conjugation system. J Biochem 2024; 176:217-227. [PMID: 38843068 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Most autophagy-related genes, or ATG genes, have been identified through studies using budding yeast. Although the functions of the ATG genes are well understood, the contributions of individual genes to non-selective and various types of selective autophagy remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we quantified the activity of non-selective autophagy, the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway, mitophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-phagy and pexophagy in all Saccharomyces cerevisiae atg mutants. Among the mutants of the core autophagy genes considered essential for autophagy, the atg13 mutant and mutants of the genes involved in the two ubiquitin-like conjugation systems retained residual autophagic functionality. In particular, mutants of the Atg8 ubiquitin-like conjugation system (the Atg8 system) exhibited substantial levels of non-selective autophagy, the Cvt pathway and pexophagy, although mitophagy and ER-phagy were undetectable. Atg8-system mutants also displayed intravacuolar vesicles resembling autophagic bodies, albeit at significantly reduced size and frequency. Thus, our data suggest that membranous sequestration and vacuolar delivery of autophagic cargo can occur in the absence of the Atg8 system. Alongside these findings, the comprehensive analysis conducted here provides valuable datasets for future autophagy research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Ginevskaia
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Aleksei Innokentev
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kentaro Furukawa
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fukuda
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Manabu Hayatsu
- Division of Microscopic Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Yamashita
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Keiichi Inoue
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Division of Microscopic Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tomotake Kanki
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Marron EC, Backues J, Ross AM, Backues SK. Accurate automated segmentation of autophagic bodies in yeast vacuoles using cellpose 2.0. Autophagy 2024; 20:2092-2099. [PMID: 38762750 PMCID: PMC11346527 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2353458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Segmenting autophagic bodies in yeast TEM images is a key technique for measuring changes in autophagosome size and number in order to better understand macroautophagy/autophagy. Manual segmentation of these images can be very time consuming, particularly because hundreds of images are needed for accurate measurements. Here we describe a validated Cellpose 2.0 model that can segment these images with accuracy comparable to that of human experts. This model can be used for fully automated segmentation, eliminating the need for manual body outlining, or for model-assisted segmentation, which allows human oversight but is still five times as fast as the current manual method. The model is specific to segmentation of autophagic bodies in yeast TEM images, but researchers working in other systems can use a similar process to generate their own Cellpose 2.0 models to attempt automated segmentations. Our model and instructions for its use are presented here for the autophagy community.Abbreviations: AB, autophagic body; AvP, average precision; GUI, graphical user interface; IoU, intersection over union; MVB, multivesicular body; ROI, region of interest; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; WT,wild type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Marron
- Department of Mathematic and Statistics, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | | | - Andrew M. Ross
- Department of Mathematic and Statistics, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Steven K. Backues
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu X, Li W, Zhang N, Duan H, Jin H, Chen Z, Chen S, Zhou J, Wang Q, Tang J, Majeed Y, Zhang Y, Si H. Identification of autophagy-related genes ATG18 subfamily genes in potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) and the role of StATG18a gene in heat stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1439972. [PMID: 39263419 PMCID: PMC11387889 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1439972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved process in eukaryotes that is used to recycle the cellular components from the cytoplasm. It plays a crucial function in responding to both biotic and abiotic stress, as well as in the growth and development of plants. Autophagy-related genes (ATG) and their functions have been identified in numerous crop species. However, their specific tasks in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), are still not well understood. This work is the first to identify and characterize the potato StATG18 subfamily gene at the whole-genome level, resulting in a total of 6 potential StATG18 subfamily genes. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships, chromosome distribution and gene replication, conserved motifs and gene structure, interspecific collinearity relationship, and cis-regulatory elements of the ATG18 subfamily members using bioinformatics approaches. Furthermore, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis suggested that StATG18 subfamily genes exhibit differential expression in various tissues and organs of potato plants. When exposed to heat stress, their expression pattern was observed in the root, stem, and leaf. Based on a higher expression profile, the StATG18a gene was further analyzed under heat stress in potatoes. The subcellular localization analysis of StATG18a revealed its presence in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. In addition, StATG18a altered the growth indicators, physiological characteristics, and photosynthesis of potato plants under heat stresses. In conclusion, this work offers a thorough assessment of StATG18 subfamily genes and provides essential recommendations for additional functional investigation of autophagy-associated genes in potato plants. Moreover, these results also contribute to our understanding of the potential mechanism and functional validation of the StATG18a gene's persistent tolerance to heat stress in potato plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huimin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiannan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yasir Majeed
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yan Y, Yu W, Guo M, Zhu N, Chen X, Li N, Zhong C, Wang G. Autophagy regulates apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells based on signaling pathways. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:367. [PMID: 39182013 PMCID: PMC11344751 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system. Its morbidity and mortality rank among the highest in the world. Cancer development is associated with aberrant signaling pathways. Autophagy is a process of cell self-digestion that maintains the intracellular environment and has a bidirectional regulatory role in cancer. Apoptosis is one of the important death programs in cancer cells and is able to inhibit cancer development. Studies have shown that a variety of substances can regulate autophagy and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells through signaling pathways, and participate in the regulation of autophagy on apoptosis. In this paper, we focus on the relevant research on autophagy in colorectal cancer cells based on the involvement of related signaling pathways in the regulation of apoptosis in order to provide new research ideas and therapeutic directions for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yan
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of CM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of CM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Wenyan Yu
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of CM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of CM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Min Guo
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of CM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of CM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Naicheng Zhu
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of CM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of CM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Xiudan Chen
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of CM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of CM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Nanxin Li
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of CM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of CM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Chen Zhong
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of CM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of CM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Guojuan Wang
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.445, Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Marchetti F, Distéfano AM, Cainzos M, Setzes N, Cascallares M, López GA, Zabaleta E, Carolina Pagnussat G. Cell death in bryophytes: emerging models to study core regulatory modules and conserved pathways. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 134:367-384. [PMID: 38953500 PMCID: PMC11341678 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcae081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent progress in our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the cell death pathways in bryophytes, focusing on conserved pathways and particularities in comparison to angiosperms. Regulated cell death (RCD) plays key roles during essential processes along the plant life cycle. It is part of specific developmental programmes and maintains homeostasis of the organism in response to unfavourable environments. Bryophytes could provide valuable models to study developmental RCD processes as well as those triggered by biotic and abiotic stresses. Some pathways analogous to those present in angiosperms occur in the gametophytic haploid generation of bryophytes, allowing direct genetic studies. In this review, we focus on such RCD programmes, identifying core conserved mechanisms and raising new key questions to analyse RCD from an evolutionary perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Marchetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Ayelén Mariana Distéfano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Cainzos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Setzes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Milagros Cascallares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Alejandro López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Zabaleta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Carolina Pagnussat
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rong Y, Liang X, Jiang K, Jia H, Li H, Lu B, Li G. Global Trends in Research of Programmed Cell Death in Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis (2000-2023). Orthop Surg 2024; 16:1783-1800. [PMID: 38923347 PMCID: PMC11293941 DOI: 10.1111/os.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic bone disease that is characterized by decreased bone mineral density and microstructural damage to bone tissue. Recent studies have demonstrated significant advances in the research of programmed cell death (PCD) in OP. However, there is no bibliometric analysis in this research field. This study searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for literature related to OP and PCD from 2000 to 2023. This study used VOSviewers 1.6.20, the "bibliometrix" R package, and CiteSpace (6.2.R3) for bibliometric and visualization analysis. A total of 2905 articles from 80 countries were included, with China and the United States leading the way. The number of publications related to PCD in OP is increasing year by year. The main research institutions are Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Chinese Medical University, Southern Medical University, Zhejiang University, and Soochow University. Bone is the most popular journal in the field of PCD in OP, and the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research is the most co-cited journal. These publications come from 14,801 authors, with Liu Zong-Ping, Yang Lei, Manolagas Stavros C, Zhang Wei, and Zhao Hong-Yan having published the most papers. Ronald S. Weinstein was co-cited most often. Oxidative stress and autophagy are the current research hot spots for PCD in OP. This bibliometric study provides the first comprehensive summary of trends and developments in PCD research in OP. This information identifies the most recent research frontiers and hot directions, which will provide a definitive reference for scholars studying PCD in OP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐fa Rong
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Xue‐Zhen Liang
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
- Orthopaedic MicrosurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Kai Jiang
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Hai‐Feng Jia
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Han‐Zheng Li
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Bo‐Wen Lu
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Gang Li
- Orthopaedic MicrosurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Restrepo LJ, Baehrecke EH. Regulation and Functions of Autophagy During Animal Development. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168473. [PMID: 38311234 PMCID: PMC11260256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is used to degrade cytoplasmic materials, and is critical to maintain cell and organismal health in diverse animals. Here we discuss the regulation, utilization and impact of autophagy on development, including roles in oogenesis, spermatogenesis and embryogenesis in animals. We also describe how autophagy influences postembryonic development in the context of neuronal and cardiac development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. We describe recent studies of selective autophagy during development, including mitochondria-selective autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-selective autophagy. Studies of developing model systems have also been used to discover novel regulators of autophagy, and we explain how studies of autophagy in these physiologically relevant systems are advancing our understanding of this important catabolic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Restrepo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Park J, Kim J, Park H, Kim T, Lee S. ESCRT-III: a versatile membrane remodeling machinery and its implications in cellular processes and diseases. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:367-380. [PMID: 39070887 PMCID: PMC11275535 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2380294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is an evolutionarily conserved cytosolic protein complex that plays a crucial role in membrane remodeling and scission events across eukaryotes. Initially discovered for its function in multivesicular body (MVB) formation, the ESCRT complex has since been implicated in a wide range of membrane-associated processes, including endocytosis, exocytosis, cytokinesis, and autophagy. Recent advances have elucidated the ESCRT assembly pathway and highlighted the distinct functions of the various ESCRT complexes and their associated partners. Among the ESCRT complexes, ESCRT-III stands out as a critical player in membrane remodeling, with its subunits assembled into higher-order multimers capable of bending and severing membranes. This review focuses on the ESCRT-III complex, exploring its diverse functions in cellular processes beyond MVB biogenesis. We delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying ESCRT-III-mediated membrane remodeling and highlight its emerging roles in processes such as viral budding, autophagosome closure, and cytokinetic abscission. We also discuss the implications of ESCRT-III dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases. The versatile membrane remodeling capabilities of ESCRT-III across diverse cellular processes underscore its importance in maintaining proper cellular function. Furthermore, we highlight the promising potential of ESCRT-III as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases, offering insights into the treatments of the diseases and the technical applications in related research fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Park
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongyoon Kim
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsun Park
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewan Kim
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongju Lee
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
L’Abbate S, Kusmic C. The Protective Effect of Flavonoids in the Diet on Autophagy-Related Cardiac Impairment. Nutrients 2024; 16:2207. [PMID: 39064651 PMCID: PMC11279826 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The compounds known as flavonoids, commonly found in fruits, vegetables, legumes, medicinal herbs, chocolate, and coffee and tea beverages, have been extensively researched for their impact on cardiovascular health. Flavonoids, with their demonstrated potential, have shown promising effects in regulating blood vessel function and apoptotic processes, as well as in improving lipid profiles. While their powerful antioxidant properties were initially thought to be the main reason behind these effects, recent studies have uncovered new insights into the positive effects of flavonoids on cardiovascular health, and researchers have now identified several signaling pathways and mechanisms that also play a role. Of particular interest are the studies that have highlighted the role of autophagy in maintaining the physiological functions of cardiomyocytes and protecting them from harm. Recent publications have linked the dysregulation of autophagic processes with the development of cardiomyopathies, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to present the latest, novel findings from preclinical research regarding the potential beneficial effects of flavonoids on various heart conditions associated with altered autophagy processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kuchitsu Y, Taguchi T. Lysosomal microautophagy: an emerging dimension in mammalian autophagy. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:606-616. [PMID: 38104013 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-catabolic process through which cellular components are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. There are three types of autophagy, i.e., macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and microautophagy. In macroautophagy, a portion of the cytoplasm is wrapped by the autophagosome, which then fuses with lysosomes and delivers the engulfed cytoplasm for degradation. In CMA, the translocation of cytosolic substrates to the lysosomal lumen is directly across the limiting membrane of lysosomes. In microautophagy, lytic organelles, including endosomes or lysosomes, take up a portion of the cytoplasm directly. Although macroautophagy has been investigated extensively, microautophagy has received much less attention. Nonetheless, it has become evident that microautophagy plays a variety of cellular roles from yeast to mammals. Here we review the very recent updates of microautophagy. In particular, we focus on the feature of the degradative substrates and the molecular machinery that mediates microautophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Kuchitsu
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nasrollahpour H, Mirzaie A, Sharifi M, Rezabakhsh A, Khalilzadeh B, Rahbarghazi R, Yousefi H, Klionsky DJ. Biosensors; a novel concept in real-time detection of autophagy. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 254:116204. [PMID: 38507929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is an early-stage response with self-degradation properties against several insulting conditions. To date, the critical role of autophagy has been well-documented in physiological and pathological conditions. This process involves various signaling and functional biomolecules, which are involved in different steps of the autophagic response. During recent decades, a range of biochemical analyses, chemical assays, and varied imaging techniques have been used for monitoring this pathway. Due to the complexity and dynamic aspects of autophagy, the application of the conventional methodology for following autophagic progression is frequently associated with a mistake in discrimination between a complete and incomplete autophagic response. Biosensors provide a de novo platform for precise and accurate analysis of target molecules in different biological settings. It has been suggested that these devices are applicable for real-time monitoring and highly sensitive detection of autophagy effectors. In this review article, we focus on cutting-edge biosensing technologies associated with autophagy detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arezoo Mirzaie
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Sharifi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Applied Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kurganovs NJ, Engedal N. To eat or not to eat: a critical review on the role of autophagy in prostate carcinogenesis and prostate cancer therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1419806. [PMID: 38910881 PMCID: PMC11190189 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Around 1 in 7 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime. Many strides have been made in the understanding and treatment of this malignancy over the years, however, despite this; treatment resistance and disease progression remain major clinical concerns. Recent evidence indicate that autophagy can affect cancer formation, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that can remove unnecessary or dysfunctional components of the cell as a response to metabolic or environmental stress. Due to the emerging importance of autophagy in cancer, targeting autophagy should be considered as a potential option in disease management. In this review, along with exploring the advances made on understanding the role of autophagy in prostate carcinogenesis and therapeutics, we will critically consider the conflicting evidence observed in the literature and suggest how to obtain stronger experimental evidence, as the application of current findings in clinical practice is presently not viable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Jayne Kurganovs
- Autophagy in Cancer Lab, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- Autophagy in Cancer Lab, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Singh B, Cui K, Eisa-Beygi S, Zhu B, Cowan DB, Shi J, Wang DZ, Liu Z, Bischoff J, Chen H. Elucidating the crosstalk between endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and endothelial autophagy in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 155:107368. [PMID: 38548093 PMCID: PMC11303600 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic systemic inflammatory condition, is implicated in most cardiovascular ischemic events. The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis involves various cell types and associated processes, including endothelial cell activation, monocyte recruitment, smooth muscle cell migration, involvement of macrophages and foam cells, and instability of the extracellular matrix. The process of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has recently emerged as a pivotal process in mediating vascular inflammation associated with atherosclerosis. This transition occurs gradually, with a significant portion of endothelial cells adopting an intermediate state, characterized by a partial loss of endothelial-specific gene expression and the acquisition of "mesenchymal" traits. Consequently, this shift disrupts endothelial cell junctions, increases vascular permeability, and exacerbates inflammation, creating a self-perpetuating cycle that drives atherosclerotic progression. While endothelial cell dysfunction initiates the development of atherosclerosis, autophagy, a cellular catabolic process designed to safeguard cells by recycling intracellular molecules, is believed to exert a significant role in plaque development. Identifying the pathological mechanisms and molecular mediators of EndoMT underpinning endothelial autophagy, may be of clinical relevance. Here, we offer new insights into the underlying biology of atherosclerosis and present potential molecular mechanisms of atherosclerotic resistance and highlight potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bandana Singh
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kui Cui
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shahram Eisa-Beygi
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of South Florida Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hutarew G, Alinger-Scharinger B, Sotlar K, Kraus TFJ. Genome-Wide Methylation Analysis in Two Wild-Type Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Subgroups with Negative and High PD-L1 Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1841. [PMID: 38791918 PMCID: PMC11119885 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a pilot study to analyze the differential methylation status of 20 primary acinar adenocarcinomas of the lungs. These adenocarcinomas had to be wild type in mutation analysis and had either high (TPS > 50%; n = 10) or negative (TPS < 1%; n = 10) PD-L1 status to be integrated into our study. To examine the methylation of 866,895 specific sites, we utilized the Illumina Infinium EPIC bead chip array. Both hypermethylation and hypomethylation play significant roles in tumor development, progression, and metastasis. They also impact the formation of the tumor microenvironment, which plays a decisive role in tumor differentiation, epigenetics, dissemination, and immune evasion. The gained methylation patterns were correlated with PD-L1 expression. Our analysis has identified distinct methylation patterns in lung adenocarcinomas with high and negative PD-L1 expression. After analyzing the correlation between the methylation results of genes and promoters with their pathobiology, we found that tumors with high expression of PD-L1 tend to exhibit oncogenic effects through hypermethylation. On the other hand, tumors with negative PD-L1 expression show loss of their suppressor functions through hypomethylation. The suppressor functions of hypermethylated genes and promoters are ineffective compared to simultaneously activated dominant oncogenic mechanisms. The tumor microenvironment supports tumor growth in both groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Hutarew
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria; (B.A.-S.); (K.S.); (T.F.J.K.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hu M, Ladowski JM, Xu H. The Role of Autophagy in Vascular Endothelial Cell Health and Physiology. Cells 2024; 13:825. [PMID: 38786047 PMCID: PMC11120581 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular recycling process which enables eukaryotes to maintain both cellular and overall homeostasis through the catabolic breakdown of intracellular components or the selective degradation of damaged organelles. In recent years, the importance of autophagy in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) has been increasingly recognized, and numerous studies have linked the dysregulation of autophagy to the development of endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. Here, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy in ECs and our current understanding of the roles of autophagy in vascular biology and review the implications of dysregulated autophagy for vascular disease. Finally, we summarize the current state of the research on compounds to modulate autophagy in ECs and identify challenges for their translation into clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph M. Ladowski
- Transplant and Immunobiology Research, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - He Xu
- Transplant and Immunobiology Research, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wendlocha D, Kubina R, Krzykawski K, Mielczarek-Palacz A. Selected Flavonols Targeting Cell Death Pathways in Cancer Therapy: The Latest Achievements in Research on Apoptosis, Autophagy, Necroptosis, Pyroptosis, Ferroptosis, and Cuproptosis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1201. [PMID: 38674891 PMCID: PMC11053927 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex and multi-stage processes of carcinogenesis are accompanied by a number of phenomena related to the potential involvement of various chemopreventive factors, which include, among others, compounds of natural origin such as flavonols. The use of flavonols is not only promising but also a recognized strategy for cancer treatment. The chemopreventive impact of flavonols on cancer arises from their ability to act as antioxidants, impede proliferation, promote cell death, inhibit angiogenesis, and regulate the immune system through involvement in diverse forms of cellular death. So far, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis occurring with the participation of flavonols have remained incompletely elucidated, and the results of the studies carried out so far are ambiguous. For this reason, one of the therapeutic goals is to initiate the death of altered cells through the use of quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, isorhamnetin, galangin, fisetin, and morin. This article offers an extensive overview of recent research on these compounds, focusing particularly on their role in combating cancer and elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. Assessment of the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of compounds in therapy targeting various types of cell death pathways may prove useful in developing new therapeutic regimens and counteracting resistance to previously used treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Wendlocha
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Robert Kubina
- Silesia LabMed: Centre for Research and Implementation, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-752 Katowice, Poland; (R.K.); (K.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Kamil Krzykawski
- Silesia LabMed: Centre for Research and Implementation, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-752 Katowice, Poland; (R.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu F, Zhao L, Wu T, Yu W, Li J, Wang W, Huang C, Diao Z, Xu Y. Targeting autophagy with natural products as a potential therapeutic approach for diabetic microangiopathy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1364616. [PMID: 38659578 PMCID: PMC11039818 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1364616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
As the quality of life improves, the incidence of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular complications (DMC) continues to increase, posing a threat to people's health and wellbeing. Given the limitations of existing treatment, there is an urgent need for novel approaches to prevent and treat DMC. Autophagy, a pivotal mechanism governing metabolic regulation in organisms, facilitates the removal of dysfunctional proteins and organelles, thereby sustaining cellular homeostasis and energy generation. Anomalous states in pancreatic β-cells, podocytes, Müller cells, cardiomyocytes, and Schwann cells in DMC are closely linked to autophagic dysregulation. Natural products have the property of being multi-targeted and can affect autophagy and hence DMC progression in terms of nutrient perception, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This review consolidates recent advancements in understanding DMC pathogenesis via autophagy and proposes novel perspectives on treating DMC by either stimulating or inhibiting autophagy using natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhao Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xi yuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Xi yuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihao Diao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lopes RM, Souza ACS, Otręba M, Rzepecka-Stojko A, Tersariol ILS, Rodrigues T. Targeting autophagy by antipsychotic phenothiazines: potential drug repurposing for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116075. [PMID: 38395266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is recognized as the major cause of death worldwide and the most challenging public health issues. Tumor cells exhibit molecular adaptations and metabolic reprograming to sustain their high proliferative rate and autophagy plays a pivotal role to supply the high demand for metabolic substrates and for recycling cellular components, which has attracted the attention of the researchers. The modulation of the autophagic process sensitizes tumor cells to chemotherapy-induced cell death and reverts drug resistance. In this regard, many in vitro and in vivo studies having shown the anticancer activity of phenothiazine (PTZ) derivatives due to their potent cytotoxicity in tumor cells. Interestingly, PTZ have been used as antiemetics in antitumor chemotherapy-induced vomiting, maybe exerting a combined antitumor effect. Among the mechanisms of cytotoxicity, the modulation of autophagy by these drugs has been highlighted. Therefore, the use of PTZ derivatives can be considered as a repurposing strategy in antitumor chemotherapy. Here, we provided an overview of the effects of antipsychotic PTZ on autophagy in tumor cells, evidencing the molecular targets and discussing the underlying mechanisms. The modulation of autophagy by PTZ in tumor cells have been consistently related to their cytotoxic action. These effects depend on the derivative, their concentration, and also the type of cancer. Most data have shown the impairment of autophagic flux by PTZ, probably due to the blockade of lysosome-autophagosome fusion, but some studies have also suggested the induction of autophagy. These data highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting autophagy by PTZ in cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rayssa M Lopes
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo Andre, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina S Souza
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo Andre, SP, Brazil.
| | - Michał Otręba
- Department of Drug and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
| | - Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
- Department of Drug and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
| | - Ivarne L S Tersariol
- Departament of Molecular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo Andre, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
İnan S, Barış E. The role of autophagy in odontogenesis, dental implant surgery, periapical and periodontal diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18297. [PMID: 38613351 PMCID: PMC11015398 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular process that is evolutionarily conserved, involving the sequestration of damaged organelles and proteins into autophagic vesicles, which subsequently fuse with lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy controls the development of many diseases by influencing apoptosis, inflammation, the immune response and different cellular processes. Autophagy plays a significant role in the aetiology of disorders associated with dentistry. Autophagy controls odontogenesis. Furthermore, it is implicated in the pathophysiology of pulpitis and periapical disorders. It enhances the survival, penetration and colonization of periodontal pathogenic bacteria into the host periodontal tissues and facilitates their escape from host defences. Autophagy plays a crucial role in mitigating exaggerated inflammatory reactions within the host's system during instances of infection and inflammation. Autophagy also plays a role in the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic diseases. Autophagy promotes wound healing and may enhance implant osseointegration. This study reviews autophagy's dento-alveolar effects, focusing on its role in odontogenesis, periapical diseases, periodontal diseases and dental implant surgery, providing valuable insights for dentists on tooth development and dental applications. A thorough examination of autophagy has the potential to discover novel and efficacious treatment targets within the field of dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sevinç İnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of DentistryGazi UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Emre Barış
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of DentistryGazi UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ding WX, Ma X, Kim S, Wang S, Ni HM. Recent insights about autophagy in pancreatitis. EGASTROENTEROLOGY 2024; 2:e100057. [PMID: 38770349 PMCID: PMC11104508 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a common inflammatory gastrointestinal disease without any successful treatment. Pancreatic exocrine acinar cells have high rates of protein synthesis to produce and secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes. When the regulation of organelle and protein homeostasis is disrupted, it can lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, damage to the mitochondria and improper intracellular trypsinogen activation, ultimately resulting in acinar cell damage and the onset of pancreatitis. To balance the homeostasis of organelles and adapt to protect themselves from organelle stress, cells use protective mechanisms such as autophagy. In the mouse pancreas, defective basal autophagy disrupts ER homoeostasis, leading to ER stress and trypsinogen activation, resulting in spontaneous pancreatitis. In this review, we discuss the regulation of autophagy and its physiological role in maintaining acinar cell homeostasis and function. We also summarise the current understanding of the mechanisms and the role of defective autophagy at multiple stages in experimental pancreatitis induced by cerulein or alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sydney Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Shaogui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Hong-Min Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ke PY. Molecular Mechanism of Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion in Mammalian Cells. Cells 2024; 13:500. [PMID: 38534345 PMCID: PMC10968809 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, targeting intracellular components for lysosomal degradation by autophagy represents a catabolic process that evolutionarily regulates cellular homeostasis. The successful completion of autophagy initiates the engulfment of cytoplasmic materials within double-membrane autophagosomes and subsequent delivery to autolysosomes for degradation by acidic proteases. The formation of autolysosomes relies on the precise fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. In recent decades, numerous studies have provided insights into the molecular regulation of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. In this review, an overview of the molecules that function in the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes is provided. Moreover, the molecular mechanism underlying how these functional molecules regulate autophagosome-lysosome fusion is summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yuan Ke
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; ; Tel.: +886-3-211-8800 (ext. 5115); Fax: +886-3-211-8700
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yamamoto H, Matsui T. Molecular Mechanisms of Macroautophagy, Microautophagy, and Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy. J NIPPON MED SCH 2024; 91:2-9. [PMID: 37271546 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2024_91-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-digestive process that is conserved in eukaryotic cells and responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis through proteolysis. By this process, cells break down their own components in lysosomes. Autophagy can be classified into three categories: macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Macroautophagy involves membrane elongation and microautophagy involves membrane internalization, and both pathways undergo selective or non-selective processes that transport cytoplasmic components into lysosomes to be degraded. CMA, however, involves selective incorporation of cytosolic materials into lysosomes without membrane deformation. All three categories of autophagy have attracted much attention due to their involvement in various biological phenomena and their relevance to human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Clarification of the molecular mechanisms behind these processes is key to understanding autophagy and recent studies have made major progress in this regard, especially for the mechanisms of initiation and membrane elongation in macroautophagy and substrate recognition in microautophagy and CMA. Furthermore, it is becoming evident that the three categories of autophagy are related to each other despite their implementation by different sets of proteins and the involvement of completely different membrane dynamics. In this review, recent progress in macroautophagy, microautophagy, and CMA are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayashi Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School
| | - Takahide Matsui
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang Y, Yang J, Ouyang C, Meng N. The association between ferroptosis and autophagy in cardiovascular diseases. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3985. [PMID: 38509716 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a process in which cells degrade intracellular substances and play a variety of roles in cells, such as maintaining intracellular homeostasis, preventing cell overgrowth, and removing pathogens. It is highly conserved during the evolution of eukaryotic cells. So far, the study of autophagy is still a hot topic in the field of cytology. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death, accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides. With the deepening of research, it has been found that ferroptosis, like autophagy, is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between autophagy and ferroptosis is complex, and the association between the two in cardiovascular disease remains to be clarified. This article reviews the mechanism of autophagy and ferroptosis and their correlation, and discusses the relationship between them in cardiovascular diseases, which is expected to provide new and important treatment strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Junjun Yang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Chenxi Ouyang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang M, Yu F, Zhang Y, Li P. Programmed cell death in tumor immunity: mechanistic insights and clinical implications. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1309635. [PMID: 38283351 PMCID: PMC10811021 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1309635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of cell suicide that is controlled by various signaling pathways. PCD plays an important role in a multitude of biological processes, such as cell turnover, development, tissue homeostasis and immunity. Some forms of PCD, including apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and necroptosis, contribute to carcinogenesis and cancer development, and thus have attracted increasing attention in the field of oncology. Recently, increasing research-based evidence has demonstrated that PCD acts as a critical modulator of tumor immunity. PCD can affect the function of innate and adaptive immune cells, which leads to distinct immunological consequences, such as the priming of tumor-specific T cells, immunosuppression and immune evasion. Targeting PCD alone or in combination with conventional immunotherapy may provide new options to enhance the clinical efficacy of anticancer therapeutics. In this review, we introduce the characteristics and mechanisms of ubiquitous PCD pathways (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, pyroptosis and ferroptosis) and explore the complex interaction between these cell death mechanisms and tumor immunity based on currently available evidence. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of PCD-based approaches by outlining clinical trials targeting PCD in cancer treatment. Elucidating the immune-related effects of PCD on cancer pathogenesis will likely contribute to an improved understanding of oncoimmunology and allow PCD to be exploited for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | | | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Dabravolski SA. Chaperone Activators. Subcell Biochem 2024; 107:43-62. [PMID: 39693019 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-66768-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is a complex yet universal and inevitable degenerative process that results in a decline in the cellular capacity for repair and adaptation to external stresses. Therefore, maintaining the appropriate balance of the cellular proteome is crucial. In addition to the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosomal systems, molecular chaperones play a vital role in a sophisticated protein quality control system. Chaperones are responsible for the correct protein assembly, folding, and translocation of other proteins when cells are subjected to various stresses. The equilibrium of chaperones is pivotal for maintaining health and longevity, as a deficiency in their function and quantity can contribute to the development of various diseases and accelerate the ageing processes. Conversely, their overexpression has been associated with tumour growth and progression. In this work, we discuss recent research focused on the application of various natural and artificial substances, as well as physical and nutritional stresses, to activate molecular chaperones and prolong both life- and healthspan. Furthermore, we emphasise the significance of autophagy, apoptosis, mTOR and inflammation signalling pathways in chaperone-mediated extension of life- and healthspan.
Collapse
|
45
|
Yang X, Ding W, Chen Z, Lai K, Liu Y. The role of autophagy in insulin resistance and glucolipid metabolism and potential use of autophagy modulating natural products in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3762. [PMID: 38287719 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a severe, long-term condition characterised by disruptions in glucolipid and energy metabolism. Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, serves as a guardian of cellular health by recycling and renewing cellular components. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the vital role that autophagy plays in T2DM, we conducted an extensive search for high-quality publications across databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder and used keywords like 'autophagy', 'insulin resistance', and 'type 2 diabetes mellitus', both individually and in combinations. A large body of evidence underscores the significance of activating autophagy in alleviating T2DM symptoms. An enhanced autophagic activity, either by activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and sirtuin-1 signalling pathways or inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling pathway, can effectively improve insulin resistance and balance glucolipid metabolism in key tissues like the hypothalamus, skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. Furthermore, autophagy can increase β-cell mass and functionality in the pancreas. This review provides a narrative summary of autophagy regulation with an emphasis on the intricate connection between autophagy and T2DM symptoms. It also discusses the therapeutic potentials of natural products with autophagy activation properties for the treatment of T2DM conditions. Our findings suggest that autophagy activation represents an innovative approach of treating T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyi Lai
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Qin Y, Xiong S, Ren J, Sethi G. Autophagy machinery in glioblastoma: The prospect of cell death crosstalk and drug resistance with bioinformatics analysis. Cancer Lett 2024; 580:216482. [PMID: 37977349 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors are common malignancies with high mortality and morbidity in which glioblastoma (GB) is a grade IV astrocytoma with heterogeneous nature. The conventional therapeutics for the GB mainly include surgery and chemotherapy, however their efficacy has been compromised due to the aggressiveness of tumor cells. The dysregulation of cell death mechanisms, especially autophagy has been reported as a factor causing difficulties in cancer therapy. As a mechanism contributing to cell homeostasis, the autophagy process is hijacked by tumor cells for the purpose of aggravating cancer progression and drug resistance. The autophagy function is context-dependent and its role can be lethal or protective in cancer. The aim of the current paper is to highlight the role of autophagy in the regulation of GB progression. The cytotoxic function of autophagy can promote apoptosis and ferroptosis in GB cells and vice versa. Autophagy dysregulation can cause drug resistance and radioresistance in GB. Moreover, stemness can be regulated by autophagy and overall growth as well as metastasis are affected by autophagy. The various interventions including administration of synthetic/natural products and nanoplatforms can target autophagy. Therefore, autophagy can act as a promising target in GB therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Department of Lab, Chifeng Cancer Hospital (The 2nd Afflicted Hospital of Chifeng University), Chifeng University, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 024000, China.
| | - Shengjun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sakai Y, Oku M. ATG and ESCRT control multiple modes of microautophagy. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:48-58. [PMID: 37857501 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of microautophagy, the direct engulfment of cytoplasmic material by the lysosome, dates back to 1966 in a morphological study of mammalian cells by Christian de Duve. Since then, studies on microautophagy have shifted toward the elucidation of the physiological significance of the process. However, in contrast to macroautophagy, studies on the molecular mechanisms of microautophagy have been limited. Only recent studies revealed that ATG proteins involved in macroautophagy are also operative in several types of microautophagy and that ESCRT proteins, responsible for the multivesicular body pathway, play a central role in most microautophagy processes. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on the function of ATG and ESCRT proteins in microautophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Sakai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Masahide Oku
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kameoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Raykov L, D'Amico D, López-Jiménez AT, Soldati T. Inflicting, Monitoring, Visualizing, and Quantitating Various Sterile Membrane Damages and the Repair Response in Dictyostelium discoideum. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2814:45-53. [PMID: 38954196 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3894-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells have been constantly challenged throughout their evolution by pathogens, mechanical stresses, or toxic compounds that induce plasma membrane (PM) or endolysosomal membrane damage. The survival of the wounded cells depends on damage detection and repair machineries that are evolutionary conserved between protozoan, plants, and animals. We use the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum as a model system to study bacteria, mechanical or sterile membrane damage that allows us to identify and monitor factors involved in PM, endolysosomal damage response (ELDR), and endolysosomal homeostasis. Importantly, the sterile damage techniques presented here homogenously affect cell populations, which allows to phenotype mutant strains and quantify various aspects of cell fitness using live cell microscopy. This is instrumental to functionally assess genes involved in the repair of damaged plasma membrane or intracellular compartments and the degradation of extensively damaged compartments. Here, we describe how to inflict sterile PM or endolysosomal membrane damage, how to monitor the cell-intrinsic response to damage, and how to proxy proton leakage from damaged acidic compartments and quantify cell viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmil Raykov
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Genève, Sciences II, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Davide D'Amico
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Genève, Sciences II, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A T López-Jiménez
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Genève, Sciences II, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Thierry Soldati
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Genève, Sciences II, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ogura M, Kaminishi T, Shima T, Torigata M, Bekku N, Tabata K, Minami S, Nishino K, Nezu A, Hamasaki M, Kosako H, Yoshimori T, Nakamura S. Microautophagy regulated by STK38 and GABARAPs is essential to repair lysosomes and prevent aging. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57300. [PMID: 37987447 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are degradative organelles and signaling hubs that maintain cell and tissue homeostasis, and lysosomal dysfunction is implicated in aging and reduced longevity. Lysosomes are frequently damaged, but their repair mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that damaged lysosomal membranes are repaired by microautophagy (a process termed "microlysophagy") and identify key regulators of the first and last steps. We reveal the AGC kinase STK38 as a novel microlysophagy regulator. Through phosphorylation of the scaffold protein DOK1, STK38 is specifically required for the lysosomal recruitment of the AAA+ ATPase VPS4, which terminates microlysophagy by promoting the disassembly of ESCRT components. By contrast, microlysophagy initiation involves non-canonical lipidation of ATG8s, especially the GABARAP subfamily, which is required for ESCRT assembly through interaction with ALIX. Depletion of STK38 and GABARAPs accelerates DNA damage-induced cellular senescence in human cells and curtails lifespan in C. elegans, respectively. Thus, microlysophagy is regulated by STK38 and GABARAPs and could be essential for maintaining lysosomal integrity and preventing aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monami Ogura
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kaminishi
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shima
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miku Torigata
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nao Bekku
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tabata
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Minami
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishino
- Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Nezu
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maho Hamasaki
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakamura
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhou J, Pathak JL, Liu Q, Hu S, Cao T, Watanabe N, Huo Y, Li J. Modes and Mechanisms of Salivary Gland Epithelial Cell Death in Sjogren's Syndrome. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300173. [PMID: 37409392 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease in middle and old-aged women with a dry mucosal surface, which is caused by the dysfunction of secretory glands, such as the oral cavity, eyeballs, and pharynx. Pathologically, Sjogren's syndrome are characterized by lymphocyte infiltration into the exocrine glands and epithelial cell destruction caused by autoantibodies Ro/SSA and La/SSB. At present, the exact pathogenesis of Sjogren's syndrome is unclear. Evidence suggests epithelial cell death and the subsequent dysfunction of salivary glands as the main causes of xerostomia. This review summarizes the modes of salivary gland epithelial cell death and their role in Sjogren's syndrome progression. The molecular mechanisms involved in salivary gland epithelial cell death during Sjogren's syndrome as potential leads to treating the disease are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Janak Lal Pathak
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Shilin Hu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Nobumoto Watanabe
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yongliang Huo
- Experimental Animal Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| |
Collapse
|