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Labine LM, Pereira EAO, Kleywegt S, Jobst KJ, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Environmental metabolomics uncovers oxidative stress, amino acid dysregulation, and energy impairment in Daphnia magna with exposure to industrial effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116512. [PMID: 37394164 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities are regarded as point sources of pollution entering freshwater bodies worldwide. With over 350,000 chemicals used in manufacturing, wastewater treatment and industrial effluents are comprised of complex mixtures of organic and inorganic pollutants of known and unknown origins. Consequently, their combined toxicity and mode of action are not well understood in aquatic organisms such as Daphnia magna. In this study, effluent samples from wastewater treatment and industrial sectors were used to examine molecular-level perturbations to the polar metabolic profile of D. magna. To determine if the industrial sector and/or the effluent chemistries played a role in the observed biochemical responses, Daphnia were acutely (48 h) exposed to undiluted (100%) and diluted (10, 25, and 50%) effluent samples. Endogenous metabolites were extracted from single daphnids and analyzed using targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. The metabolic profile of Daphnia exposed to effluent samples resulted in significant separation compared to the unexposed controls. Linear regression analysis determined that no single pollutant detected in the effluents was significantly correlated with the responses of metabolites. Significant perturbations were uncovered across many classes of metabolites (amino acids, nucleosides, nucleotides, polyamines, and their derivatives) which serve as intermediates in keystone biochemical processes. The combined metabolic responses are consistent with oxidative stress, disruptions to energy metabolism, and protein dysregulation which were identified through biochemical pathway analysis. These results provide insight into the molecular processes driving stress responses in D. magna. Overall, we determined that the metabolic profile of Daphnia could not be predicted by the chemical composition of environmentally relevant mixtures. The findings of this study demonstrate the advantage of metabolomics in conjunction with chemical analyses to assess the interactions of industrial effluents. This work further demonstrates the ability of environmental metabolomics to characterize molecular-level perturbations in aquatic organisms exposed to complex chemical mixtures directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Labine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - E A Oliveira Pereira
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - S Kleywegt
- Technical Assessment and Standards Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Toronto, ON, M4V 1M2, Canada
| | - K J Jobst
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - A J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - M J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.
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Ebert D. Daphnia as a versatile model system in ecology and evolution. EvoDevo 2022; 13:16. [PMID: 35941607 PMCID: PMC9360664 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-022-00199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Water fleas of the genus Daphnia have been a model system for hundreds of years and is among the best studied ecological model organisms to date. Daphnia are planktonic crustaceans with a cyclic parthenogenetic life-cycle. They have a nearly worldwide distribution, inhabiting standing fresh- and brackish water bodies, from small temporary pools to large lakes. Their predominantly asexual reproduction allows for the study of phenotypes excluding genetic variation, enabling us to separate genetic from non-genetic effects. Daphnia are often used in studies related to ecotoxicology, predator-induced defence, host–parasite interactions, phenotypic plasticity and, increasingly, in evolutionary genomics. The most commonly studied species are Daphnia magna and D. pulex, for which a rapidly increasing number of genetic and genomic tools are available. Here, I review current research topics, where the Daphnia model system plays a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Ebert
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland.
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Lari E, Mohaddes E, Pyle GG. Effects of oil sands process-affected water on the respiratory and circulatory system of Daphnia magna Straus, 1820. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 605-606:824-829. [PMID: 28683426 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Millions of cubic meters of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), the major by-product of oil sand surface mining, is currently stored in tailings ponds. The present study investigated the effects of OSPW on the respiratory and circulatory system of Daphnia magna Straus 1820. The effect of OSPW on the activity (i.e. total movement and active time) of D. magna was also studied, as it has been shown to interact with the respiratory and circulatory system. Daphniids were exposed to both 1 and 10% OSPW for acute (1-day) and chronic (10-day) exposure periods. At the end of the exposures, daphniid oxygen (O2) consumption, heart rate, hemoglobin (Hb) content and activity were investigated. In response to chronic exposure to 10% OSPW, O2 consumption of D. magna increased, while the hemoglobin content and activity were reduced in both 1 and 10% OSPW. None of the OSPW treatments changed the heart rate of the test organisms. The results of the present study suggest that in response to increasing metabolic rate caused by OSPW exposure, D. magna conserve their energy by reducing their activity and probably by recycling macromolecules (i.e. hemoglobin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Lari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Effat Mohaddes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Greg G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Ebert
- Universität Basel, Zoological Institute, Vesalgasse 1, 4059 Basel, Switzerland.
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