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Rotundo MM, Caires RA, Oliveira C, Kuranaka M, Figueiredo-Filho JMDE, Marceniuk AP. Taxonomic revision of the Ophidion holbrookii Putnam, 1874 (Ophidiiformes: Ophidiidae) species complex, with description of a new species from Brazil. Zootaxa 2023; 5318:237-252. [PMID: 37518388 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study integrates morphological and molecular data to redefine the taxonomic limits of Ophidion holbrookii, as well as its geographic ranges, with the description of a new species from the eastern and southeastern coast of Brazil, South America. Ophidion zavalai n. sp. is described based on variations related to ontogeny and sexual development of swim bladder and sonic apparatus, which are likely important traits for species recognition. The description of O. zavalai n. sp. and the redefinition of distribution limits of O. holbrookii corroborate the existence of different complex species in the western Atlantic, revealing important gaps of knowledge regarding morphological variation and species habits. Ophidion zavalai n. sp. is the first species of Ophidion described from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean and contributes to evidence of a distinct coastal fauna in Brazil and surrounding areas of Argentina province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Marcos Rotundo
- Acervo Zoológico da Universidade Santa Cecília; 11045-907 Santos; SP; Brazil. Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biodiversidade e uso Sustentável de Peixes; 13565-905; São Carlos; SP; Brazil. Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo; 04263-000 São Paulo; SP; Brazil..
| | - Rodrigo Antunes Caires
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo; Laboratório de Diversidade; Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes (DEEP Lab). 05508-120; São Paulo; SP; Brazil.
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Botucatu; SP; Brazil..
| | - Mariana Kuranaka
- Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Botucatu; SP; Brazil..
| | | | - Alexandre Pires Marceniuk
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Cidade Universitária; 58051-900; Joao Pessoa; PB; Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Campina Grande - PB; 58429-500.
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Parmentier E, Scalbert R, Raick X, Gache C, Frédérich B, Bertucci F, Lecchini D. First use of acoustic calls to distinguish cryptic members of a fish species complex. Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although molecular methods and bioacoustical analysis have been used to uncover cryptic species, the combination of both methodologies is still rare. The humbug damselfish complex, Dascyllus aruanus, is composed of at least two species with Dascyllus aruanus in the Pacific Ocean and Dascyllus abudafur in the Indian Ocean. However, genetic data suggest that additional species could be found. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether the sounds produced by different populations of fish could help to distinguish cryptic species. Recordings of chase and courtship sounds were made on humbug damselfish populations from Madagascar, Taiwan and French Polynesia. Chase sound features are more variable than courtship sounds, suggesting more constraints on courtship sounds, since they would contribute to premating isolation. Comparison between courtship sounds show the variation in acoustic features between Taiwan and Madagascar align with genetic differences, supporting that sounds could discriminate cryptic species in Teleosts. Moreover, differences in both acoustic features and genetic data are also found between Taiwan and French Polynesia, suggesting two clearly distinct populations. Consequently, the name D. emamo can be resurrected for the Polynesian humbug damselfish. External phenotype traits do not allow the distinction between populations, illustrating that only behaviour has been modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège , Belgium
| | - Robin Scalbert
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège , Belgium
| | - Xavier Raick
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège , Belgium
| | - Camille Gache
- Laboratoire d’Excellence ‘CORAIL’ , Paris , France
- PSL University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE , Moorea , French Polynesia
| | - Bruno Frédérich
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège , Belgium
| | - Frédéric Bertucci
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège , Belgium
- Laboratory of Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems (BOREA), University of French West Indies - MNHN - CNRS 8067 - SU - IRD 207 - UCN, Pointe-à-Pitre , Guadeloupe
| | - David Lecchini
- Laboratoire d’Excellence ‘CORAIL’ , Paris , France
- PSL University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE , Moorea , French Polynesia
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3
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Eric P, Gaëlle S, Renaud B, Fine ML, Loïc K, Lucia DI, Marta B. Sound production and mechanism in the cryptic cusk-eel Parophidion vassali. J Anat 2022; 241:581-600. [PMID: 35666031 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the sounds and the anatomy of the sound-producing organ in the male and female sand-dwelling cusk-eel Parophidion vassali. Although both sexes have similar external phenotype, they can be distinguished by their sonic apparatus and sounds. As in many Ophioidei, Parophidion vassali presents a panel of highly derived characters. Fish possess three pairs of sonic muscles, and males have mineralized swimbladder caps on which inserts the ventral sonic muscle, a neural arch that pivots, a stretchable swimbladder fenestra, an osseous swimbladder plate and a rounded pressure-release membrane in the caudal swimbladder. Females, however, do not possess anterior swimbladder caps, a swimbladder fenestra and the caudal rounded membrane. Males possess the unusual ability to produce sounds starting with a set of low amplitude pulses followed by a second set with higher amplitudes clearly dividing each sound unit into two parts. Females do not vary their sound amplitude in this way: they produce shorter sounds and pulse periods but with a higher peak frequency. Morphology and sound features support the sound-producing mechanism is based on a rebound system (i.e. quick backward snap of the anterior swimbladder). Based on features of the sounds from tank recordings, we have putatively identified the sound of male Parophidion vassali at sea. As these species are ecologically cryptic, we hope this work will allow assessment and clarify the distribution of their populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmentier Eric
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stainier Gaëlle
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Boistel Renaud
- Laboratory Mecadev, Department of AViV, UMR7179 CNRS/MNHN, National Museum of Natural History
| | - Michael L Fine
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kéver Loïc
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Laboratory Mecadev, Department of AViV, UMR7179 CNRS/MNHN, National Museum of Natural History
| | - Di Iorio Lucia
- Chorus Institute, Grenoble, France.,Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR, Perpignan, France
| | - Bolgan Marta
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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A Fish and Dolphin Biophony in the Boat Noise-Dominated Soundscape of the Cres-Lošinj Archipelago (Croatia). JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Spatio-temporal variability of marine soundscapes reflects environmental dynamics and local habitat health. This study characterizes the coastal soundscape of the Cres-Lošinj Natura 2000 Site of Community Importance, encompassing the non-tourist (11–15 March 2020) and the tourist (26–30 July 2020) season. A total of 240 h of continuous recordings were manually analyzed and the abundance of animal vocalizations and boat noise was obtained; sound pressure levels were calculated for the low (63–2000 Hz) and high (2000–20,000 Hz) frequency range. Two fish sound types were drivers of both seasonal and diel variability of the low-frequency soundscape. The first is emitted by the cryptic Roche’s snake blenny (Ophidion rochei), while the second, whose emitter remains unknown, was previously only described in canyons and coralligenous habitats of the Western Mediterranean Sea. The high-frequency bands were characterized by bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) vocalizations, indicating dolphins’ use of area for various purposes. Boat noise, however, dominated the local soundscape along the whole considered periods and higher sound pressure levels were found during the Tourist season. Human-generated noise pollution, which has been previously found 10 years ago, is still present in the area and this urges management actions.
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Parsons MJG, Lin TH, Mooney TA, Erbe C, Juanes F, Lammers M, Li S, Linke S, Looby A, Nedelec SL, Van Opzeeland I, Radford C, Rice AN, Sayigh L, Stanley J, Urban E, Di Iorio L. Sounding the Call for a Global Library of Underwater Biological Sounds. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.810156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic environments encompass the world’s most extensive habitats, rich with sounds produced by a diversity of animals. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is an increasingly accessible remote sensing technology that uses hydrophones to listen to the underwater world and represents an unprecedented, non-invasive method to monitor underwater environments. This information can assist in the delineation of biologically important areas via detection of sound-producing species or characterization of ecosystem type and condition, inferred from the acoustic properties of the local soundscape. At a time when worldwide biodiversity is in significant decline and underwater soundscapes are being altered as a result of anthropogenic impacts, there is a need to document, quantify, and understand biotic sound sources–potentially before they disappear. A significant step toward these goals is the development of a web-based, open-access platform that provides: (1) a reference library of known and unknown biological sound sources (by integrating and expanding existing libraries around the world); (2) a data repository portal for annotated and unannotated audio recordings of single sources and of soundscapes; (3) a training platform for artificial intelligence algorithms for signal detection and classification; and (4) a citizen science-based application for public users. Although individually, these resources are often met on regional and taxa-specific scales, many are not sustained and, collectively, an enduring global database with an integrated platform has not been realized. We discuss the benefits such a program can provide, previous calls for global data-sharing and reference libraries, and the challenges that need to be overcome to bring together bio- and ecoacousticians, bioinformaticians, propagation experts, web engineers, and signal processing specialists (e.g., artificial intelligence) with the necessary support and funding to build a sustainable and scalable platform that could address the needs of all contributors and stakeholders into the future.
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6
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Raick X, Thelen N, Compère P, Parmentier E. Ultrastructure of sonic muscles of piranhas (Serrasalmidae). J Morphol 2022; 283:395-405. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Raick
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research, University of Liège, B6c Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Nicolas Thelen
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, GIGA‐R, University of Liège, Giga‐Neurosciences, Avenue Hippocrates 15, 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Philippe Compère
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research, University of Liège, B6c Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research, University of Liège, B6c Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège Belgium
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La Manna G, Picciulin M, Crobu A, Perretti F, Ronchetti F, Manghi M, Ruiu A, Ceccherelli G. Marine soundscape and fish biophony of a Mediterranean marine protected area. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12551. [PMID: 35003918 PMCID: PMC8684326 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine soundscape is the aggregation of sound sources known as geophony, biophony, and anthrophony. The soundscape analysis, in terms of collection and analysis of acoustic signals, has been proposed as a tool to evaluate the specific features of ecological assemblages and to estimate their acoustic variability over space and time. This study aimed to characterise the Capo Caccia-Isola Piana Marine Protected Area (Italy, Western Mediterranean Sea) soundscape over short temporal (few days) and spatial scales (few km) and to quantify the main anthropogenic and biological components, with a focus on fish biophonies. METHODS Within the MPA, three sites were chosen each in a different protection zone (A for the integral protection, B as the partial protection, and C as the general protection). In each site, two underwater autonomous acoustic recorders were deployed in July 2020 at a depth of about 10 m on rocky bottoms. To characterise the contribution of both biophonies and anthrophonies, sea ambient noise (SAN) levels were measured as sound pressure level (SPL dB re: 1 μ Pa-rms) at eight 1/3 octave bands, centred from 125 Hz to 16 kHz, and biological and anthropogenic sounds were noted. Fish sounds were classified and counted following a catalogue of known fish sounds from the Mediterranean Sea based on the acoustic characteristic of sound types. A contemporary fish visual census had been carried out at the test sites. RESULTS SPL were different by site, time (day vs. night), and hour. SPLs bands centred at 125, 250, and 500 Hz were significantly higher in the daytime, due to the high number of boats per minute whose noise dominated the soundscapes. The loudest man-made noise was found in the A zone, followed by the B and the C zone, confirming that MPA current regulations do not provide protection from acoustic pollution. The dominant biological components of the MPA soundscape were the impulsive sounds generated by some invertebrates, snapping shrimps and fish. The vast majority of fish sounds were recorded at the MPA site characterized by the highest sound richness, abundance, and Shannon-Wiener index, coherently with the results of a fish visual census. Moreover, the acoustic monitoring detected a sound associated with a cryptic species (Ophidion spp.) never reported in the study area before, further demonstrating the usefulness of passive acoustic monitoring as a complementary technique to species census. This study provides baseline data to detect future changes of the marine soundscapes and some suggestions to reduce the impact of noise on marine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella La Manna
- Environmental Research and Conservation, MareTerra Onlus, Alghero, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Area Marina Protetta Capo Caccia-Isola Piana, Alghero, Italy
| | - Marta Picciulin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Alessia Crobu
- Area Marina Protetta Capo Caccia-Isola Piana, Alghero, Italy
| | - Francesco Perretti
- Environmental Research and Conservation, MareTerra Onlus, Alghero, Italy
| | - Fabio Ronchetti
- Environmental Research and Conservation, MareTerra Onlus, Alghero, Italy
| | - Michele Manghi
- Environmental Research and Conservation, MareTerra Onlus, Alghero, Italy
- Nauta rcs, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruiu
- Area Marina Protetta Capo Caccia-Isola Piana, Alghero, Italy
| | - Giulia Ceccherelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Parmentier E, Marucco Fuentes E, Millot M, Raick X, Thiry M. Sound production, hearing sensitivity, and in-depth study of the sound-producing muscles in the cowfish (Lactoria cornuta). J Anat 2020; 238:956-969. [PMID: 33150619 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to produce sounds has been reported in various Ostraciidae but not deeply studied. In some Ostracion species, two different sound-producing muscles allow these boxfishes to produce two different kinds of sounds in a sequence. This study investigates sound production in another Indo-Pacific species, the longhorn cowfish Lactoria cornuta that also possesses two pairs of sonic muscles associated with the swim bladder: extrinsic sonic muscles (ESMs) and intrinsic sonic muscles (ISMs). The cowfish produces two kinds of sounds called hums and clicks. Hums are made of trains of low amplitude pulses that last for long periods of time, suggesting that they are produced by fatigue-resistant muscles, whereas clicks correspond to shorter sounds with greater amplitude than the hums, suggesting that they result from more powerful contractions. Ultra-structural differences are found between extrinsic and intrinsic sonic muscles. According to features such as long sarcomeres, long I-bands, a high number of mitochondria, and a proliferation of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), ESMs would be able to produce fast, strong, and short contractions corresponding to clicks (the shortest sounds with the greatest amplitude). ISMs have the thinnest cells, the smallest number of myofilaments that have long I-bands, the highest volume of mitochondria, and well-developed SR supporting these muscles; these features should generate fast and prolonged contractions that could correspond to the hums that can be produced over long periods of time. A concluding figure shows clear comparisons of the different fibers that were studied in L. cornuta. This study also compared the call features of each sound with the cowfish's hearing ability and supports L. cornuta was more sensitive to frequencies ranging between at least 100 and 400 Hz with thresholds of 128-143 dB re 1 µPa over this range, meaning that they are sensitive to the frequencies produced by conspecifics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Erica Marucco Fuentes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, Cell Biology L3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Morgane Millot
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Xavier Raick
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Thiry
- Laboratory of Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, Cell Biology L3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Raick X, Huby A, Kurchevski G, Godinho AL, Parmentier É. Use of bioacoustics in species identification: Piranhas from genus Pygocentrus (Teleostei: Serrasalmidae) as a case study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241316. [PMID: 33119694 PMCID: PMC7595327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Pygocentrus contains three valid piranha species (P. cariba, P. nattereri and P. piraya) that are allopatric in tropical and subtropical freshwater environments of South America. This study uses acoustic features to differentiate the three species. Sounds were recorded in P. cariba, two populations of P. nattereri (red- and yellow-bellied) and P. piraya; providing sound description for the first time in P. cariba and P. piraya. Calls of P. cariba were distinct from all the other studied populations. Red- and yellow-bellied P. nattereri calls were different from each other but yellow-bellied P. nattereri calls were similar to those of P. piraya. These observations can be explained by considering that the studied specimens of yellow-bellied P. nattereri have been wrongly identified and are actually a sub-population of P. piraya. Morphological examinations and recent fish field recordings in the Araguari River strongly support our hypothesis. This study shows for the first time that sounds can be used to discover identification errors in the teleost taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Raick
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Alessia Huby
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gregório Kurchevski
- Fish Passage Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Lima Godinho
- Fish Passage Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Éric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Bolgan M, Gervaise C, Di Iorio L, Lossent J, Lejeune P, Raick X, Parmentier E. Fish biophony in a Mediterranean submarine canyon. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 147:2466. [PMID: 32359295 DOI: 10.1121/10.0001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although several bioacoustics investigations have shed light on the acoustic communication of Mediterranean fish species, the occurrence of fish sounds has never been reported below -40 m depth. This study assessed the occurrence of fish sounds at greater depths by monitoring the soundscape of a Mediterranean submarine canyon (Calvi, France) thanks to a combination of Static Acoustic Monitoring (three stations, from -125 to -150 m depth, 3 km from coastline) and of hydrophone-integrated gliders (Mobile Acoustic Monitoring; from -60 to -900 m depth, 3-6 km from coastline). Biological sounds were detected in 38% of the audio files; ten sound types (for a total of more than 9.000 sounds) with characteristics corresponding to those emitted by vocal species, or known as produced by fish activities, were found. For one of these sound types, emitter identity was inferred at the genus level (Ophidion sp.). An increase of from 10 to 15 dB re 1 μPa in sea ambient noise was observed during daytime hours due to boat traffic, potentially implying an important daytime masking effect. This study shows that monitoring the underwater soundscape of Mediterranean submarine canyons can provide holistic information needed to better understand the state and the dynamics of these heterogeneous, highly diverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bolgan
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology (Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of Research), Institut de Chimie, B6c, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Cedric Gervaise
- CHORUS Institute, INP Phelma Minatec, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Lucia Di Iorio
- CHORUS Institute, INP Phelma Minatec, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Julie Lossent
- CHORUS Institute, INP Phelma Minatec, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Lejeune
- Station de Recherches Sousmarines et Océanographiques, Pointe Revellata BP33, 20260 Calvi, France
| | - Xavier Raick
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology (Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of Research), Institut de Chimie, B6c, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology (Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of Research), Institut de Chimie, B6c, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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11
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Wirth C, Warren JD. Spatial and temporal variation in toadfish ( Opsanus tau) and cusk eel ( Ophidion marginatum) mating choruses in eelgrass ( Zostera marina) beds in a shallow, temperate estuary. BIOACOUSTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09524622.2018.1542631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Wirth
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, NY, USA
| | - Joseph D. Warren
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, NY, USA
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12
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Bolgan M, Soulard J, Di Iorio L, Gervaise C, Lejeune P, Gobert S, Parmentier E. Sea chordophones make the mysterious /Kwa/ sound: identification of the emitter of the dominant fish sound in Mediterranean seagrass meadows. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.196931. [PMID: 31097606 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.196931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The /Kwa/ vocalization dominates the soundscape of Posidonia oceanica meadows but the identity of the species emitting this peculiar fish sound remains a mystery. Information from sounds recorded in the wild indicates that the emitting candidates should be abundant, nocturnal and benthic. Scorpaena spp. combine all these characteristics. This study used an interdisciplinary approach to investigate the vocal abilities of Scorpaena spp.; morphological, histological and electrophysiological examinations were interpreted together with visual and acoustic recordings conducted in semi-natural conditions. All observed Scorpaena spp. (S. porcus, S. scrofa and S. notata) share the same sonic apparatus at the level of the abdominal region. This apparatus, present in both males and females, consists of 3 bilaterally symmetrical muscular bundles, having 3-5 long tendons, which insert on ventral bony apophyses of the vertebral bodies. In all chordophones (stringed instruments), the frequency of the vibration is dependent on the string properties and not on the rate at which the strings are plucked. Similarly, we suggest that each of the 3-5 tendons found in the sonic mechanism of Scorpaena spp. acts as a frequency multiplier of the muscular bundle contractions, where the resonant properties of the tendons determine the peak frequency of the /Kwa/, its frequency spectra and pseudo-harmonic profile. The variability in the length and number of tendons found between and within species could explain the high variability of /Kwa/ acoustic features recorded in the wild. Finally, acoustic and behavioural experiments confirmed that Scorpaena spp. can emit the /Kwa/ sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bolgan
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology (Department of Biology, Ecology & Evolution), FOCUS, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie B6c, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Justine Soulard
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology (Department of Biology, Ecology & Evolution), FOCUS, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie B6c, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Lucia Di Iorio
- CHORUS Institute, INP Phelma Minatec, Parvis Louis Néel 3, 38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Cedric Gervaise
- CHORUS Institute, INP Phelma Minatec, Parvis Louis Néel 3, 38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Lejeune
- Station de Recherches Sous-Marines et Océanographiques, Pointe Revellata BP33, 20260 Calvi, France
| | - Sylvie Gobert
- Station de Recherches Sous-Marines et Océanographiques, Pointe Revellata BP33, 20260 Calvi, France.,Laboratoire d'Océanologie, Centre MARE (Department of Biology, Ecology & Evolution), FOCUS, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie B6c, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology (Department of Biology, Ecology & Evolution), FOCUS, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie B6c, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Simultaneous production of two kinds of sounds in relation with sonic mechanism in the boxfish Ostracion meleagris and O. cubicus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4962. [PMID: 30899084 PMCID: PMC6428821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In fishes, sonic abilities for communication purpose usually involve a single mechanism. We describe here the sonic mechanism and sounds in two species of boxfish, the spotted trunkfish Ostracion meleagris and the yellow boxfish Ostracion cubicus. The sonic mechanism utilizes a T-shaped swimbladder with a swimbladder fenestra and two separate sonic muscle pairs. Extrinsic vertical muscles attach to the vertebral column and the swimbladder. Perpendicularly and below these muscles, longitudinal intrinsic muscles cover the swimbladder fenestra. Sounds are exceptional since they are made of two distinct types produced in a sequence. In both species, humming sounds consist of long series (up to 45 s) of hundreds of regular low-amplitude pulses. Hums are often interspersed with irregular click sounds with an amplitude that is ten times greater in O. meleagris and forty times greater in O. cubicus. There is no relationship between fish size and many acoustic characteristics because muscle contraction rate dictates the fundamental frequency. We suggest that hums and clicks are produced by either separate muscles or by a combination of the two. The mechanism complexity supports an investment of boxfish in this communication channel and underline sounds as having important functions in their way of life.
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Bolgan M, Amorim MCP, Fonseca PJ, Di Iorio L, Parmentier E. Acoustic Complexity of vocal fish communities: a field and controlled validation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10559. [PMID: 30002420 PMCID: PMC6043554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28771-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Acoustic Complexity Index (ACI) is increasingly applied to the study of biodiversity in aquatic habitats. However, it remains unknown which types of acoustic information are highlighted by this index in underwater environments. This study explored the robustness of the ACI to fine variations in fish sound abundance (i.e. number of sounds) and sound diversity (i.e. number of sound types) in field recordings and controlled experiments. The ACI was found to be sensitive to variations in both sound abundance and sound diversity, making it difficult to discern between these variables. Furthermore, the ACI was strongly dependent on the settings used for its calculation (i.e. frequency and temporal resolution of the ACI algorithm, amplitude filter). Care should thus be taken when comparing ACI absolute values between studies, or between sites with site-specific characteristics (e.g. species diversity, fish vocal community composition). As the use of ecoacoustic indices presents a promising tool for the monitoring of vulnerable environments, methodological validations like those presented in this paper are of paramount importance in understanding which biologically important information can be gathered by applying acoustic indices to Passive Acoustic Monitoring data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bolgan
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie-B6C, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - M Clara P Amorim
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal and Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Fonseca
- Departamento de Biologia Animal and Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lucia Di Iorio
- CHORUS Institute, INP Phelma Minatec, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie-B6C, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
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15
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Parmentier E, Boistel R, Bahri MA, Plenevaux A, Schwarzhans W. Sexual dimorphism in the sonic system and otolith morphology ofNeobythites gilli(Ophidiiformes). J Zool (1987) 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology; AFFISH-RC; University of Liege; Liège Belgium
| | - R. Boistel
- Universite de Poitiers - UFR SFA, iPHEP, UMR CNRS 7262; Poitiers France
| | - M. A. Bahri
- Cyclotron Research Centre; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - A. Plenevaux
- Cyclotron Research Centre; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - W. Schwarzhans
- Natural History Museum of Denmark; Zoological Museum; Copenhagen Denmark
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16
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17
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Parmentier E, Raick X, Lecchini D, Boyle K, Vanwassenbergh S, Bertucci F, Kéver L. Unusual sound production mechanism in the triggerfish Rhinecanthus aculeatus (Balistidae). J Exp Biol 2016; 220:186-193. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.146514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to produce sounds has been known for decades in Balistidae. Sounds of many species have been recorded and a variety of sound producing mechanisms have been proposed including teeth stridulation, collision of buccal teeth, and movements of the fins. The best supported hypothesis involves movements of the pectoral fins against the lateral parts of the swimbladder called a drumming membrane. In this study, we describe for the first time the sounds made by the Blackbar triggerfish Rhinecanthus aculeatus that sound like short drum rolls with an average duration of 85 ms, 193 Hz dominant frequency and 136 dB SPL level at 3 cm distance. Sounds are a series of pulses that result from alternate sweeping movements of the right and left pectoral fins, which push a system of three scutes that are forced against the swimbladder wall. Pulses from each fin occur in consecutive pairs. High-speed videos indicate that each pulse consists in two cycles. The first part of each cycle corresponds to the inward buckling of the scutes whereas the second part of the cycle corresponds to an apparent passive recoil of the scutes and swimbladder wall. This novel sound production mechanism is likely found in many members of Balistidae because these peculiar scutes are found in other species in the family. Comparison of sound characteristics from fishes of different sizes shows that dominant frequency decreases with size in juveniles but not in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Parmentier
- Université de Liège, Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie - B6C, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Xavier Raick
- Université de Liège, Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie - B6C, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - David Lecchini
- USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, CRIOBE, Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL), Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Kelly Boyle
- Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, Case postale 55, Paris 75231, Cedex 5, France
| | - Sam Vanwassenbergh
- Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, Case postale 55, Paris 75231, Cedex 5, France
- Department of Biology, Universiteit Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Bertucci
- Université de Liège, Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie - B6C, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Loïc Kéver
- Université de Liège, Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie - B6C, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Kéver L, Boyle KS, Parmentier E. Effects of seawater temperature on sound characteristics in Ophidion rochei (Ophidiidae). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2015; 87:502-509. [PMID: 26177590 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although the sound production mechanisms of male and female Ophidion rochei (Ophidiidae) differ significantly, temperature affects them in the same manner. In both sexes, temperature correlated negatively with pulse period and positively with sound frequencies but had no, or weak effects on other sound characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kéver
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - K S Boyle
- Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, Case postale 55, 75231, Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - E Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de Chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
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19
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Environmental constraints drive the partitioning of the soundscape in fishes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:6092-7. [PMID: 25848025 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1424667112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The underwater environment is more and more being depicted as particularly noisy, and the inventory of calling fishes is continuously increasing. However, it currently remains unknown how species share the soundscape and are able to communicate without misinterpreting the messages. Different mechanisms of interference avoidance have been documented in birds, mammals, and frogs, but little is known about interference avoidance in fishes. How fish thus partition the soundscape underwater remains unknown, as acoustic communication and its organization have never been studied at the level of fish communities. In this study, passive acoustic recordings were used to inventory sounds produced in a fish community (120 m depth) in an attempt to understand how different species partition the acoustic environment. We uncovered an important diversity of fish sounds, and 16 of the 37 different sounds recorded were sufficiently abundant to use in a quantitative analysis. We show that sonic activity allows a clear distinction between a diurnal and a nocturnal group of fishes. Moreover, frequencies of signals made during the day overlap, whereas there is a clear distinction between the different representatives of the nocturnal callers because of a lack of overlap in sound frequency. This first demonstration, to our knowledge, of interference avoidance in a fish community can be understood by the way sounds are used. In diurnal species, sounds are mostly used to support visual display, whereas nocturnal species are generally deprived of visual cues, resulting in acoustic constraints being more important.
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Boyle KS, Riepe S, Bolen G, Parmentier E. Variation in swim bladder drumming sounds from three doradid catfish species with similar sonic morphologies. J Exp Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.123414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A variety of teleost fishes produce sounds for communication by vibrating the swim bladder with fast contracting muscles. Doradid catfishes have an elastic spring apparatus (ESA) for sound production. Contractions of the ESA protractor muscle pull the anterior transverse process of the 4th vertebra or Müllerian ramus (MR) to expand the swim bladder and elasticity of the MR returns the swim bladder to the resting state. In this study, we examined the sound characteristics and associated fine structure of the protractor drumming muscles of three doradid species: Acanthodoras cataphractus, Platydoras hancockii, and Agamyxis pectinifrons. Despite important variations in sizes, sounds from all three species had similar mean dominant rates ranging from 91-131 Hz and showed frequencies related to muscle contraction speed rather than fish size. Sounds differed among species in terms of waveform shape and their rate of amplitude modulation. In addition, multiple distinguishable sound types were observed from each species: three sound types from A. cataphractus and P. hancockii, and two sound types from A. pectinifrons. Though sounds differed among species, no differences in muscle fiber fine structure were observed at the species level. Drumming muscles from each species bear features associated with fast contractions, including sarcoplasmic cores, thin radial myofibrils, abundant mitochondria, and an elaborated sarcoplasmic reticulum. These results indicate that sound differences between doradids are not due to swimbladder size, muscle anatomy, muscle length, or Müllerian ramus shape, but instead result from differences in neural activation of sonic muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S. Boyle
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Ségolène Riepe
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Géraldine Bolen
- Département clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés, Imagerie médicale, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Bât. B41, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH-RC, Institut de chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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21
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Kéver L, Colleye O, Lugli M, Lecchini D, Lerouvreur F, Herrel A, Parmentier E. Sound production in Onuxodon fowleri (Carapidae) and its amplification by the host shell. J Exp Biol 2014; 217:4283-94. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.109363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Onuxodon species are well known for living inside pearl oysters. As in other carapids, their anatomy highlights their ability to make sounds but sound production has never been documented in Onuxodon. This paper describes sound production in Onuxodon fowleri as well as the anatomy of the sound production apparatus. Single-pulsed sounds and multiple-pulsed sounds that sometimes last more than 3 s were recorded in the field and in captivity (Makemo Island, French Polynesia). These pulses are characterized by a broadband frequency spectrum from 100 to 1000 Hz. Onuxodon fowleri is mainly characterized by its ability to modulate the pulse period, meaning that this species can produce pulsed sounds and tonal-like sounds using the same mechanism. In addition, the sound can be remarkably amplified by the shell cavity (peak gain can exceed 10 dB for some frequencies). The sonic apparatus of O. fowleri is characterized by a rocker bone in front of the swimbladder, modified vertebrae and epineurals, and two pairs of sonic muscles, one of which (primary sonic muscle) inserts on the rocker bone. The latter structure, which is absent in other carapid genera, appears to be sexually dimorphic suggesting differences in sound production in males and females. Sound production in O. fowleri could be an example of adaptation where an animal exploits features of its environment to enhance communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Kéver
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive Liège, Institut de Chimie, B6c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Orphal Colleye
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive Liège, Institut de Chimie, B6c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marco Lugli
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universitá di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - David Lecchini
- USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, CRIOBE, BP1013 Papetoai, 98729 Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence ‘CORAIL’, BP1013 Papetoai, 98729 Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Franck Lerouvreur
- USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, CRIOBE, BP1013 Papetoai, 98729 Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Anthony Herrel
- UMR 7179 CNRS/MNHN, Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, 57 rue Cuvier, Case Postale 55, 75231, Paris Cedex 5, France
- Ghent University, Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive Liège, Institut de Chimie, B6c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Kéver L, Boyle KS, Bolen G, Dragičević B, Dulčić J, Parmentier E. Modifications in call characteristics and sonic apparatus morphology during puberty in Ophidion rochei (Actinopterygii: Ophidiidae). J Morphol 2014; 275:650-60. [PMID: 24425669 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Juveniles, females, and males of Ophidion rochei share similar external morphology, probably because they are mainly active in the dark, which reduces the role of visual cues. Their internal sonic apparatuses, however, are complex: three pairs of sonic muscles, and highly modified vertebrae and ribs are involved in sound production. The sonic apparatus of males differs from juveniles and females in having larger swimbladder plates (modified ribs associate with the swimbladder wall) and sonic muscles, a modified swimbladder shape and a mineralized structure called the "rocker bone" in front of the swimbladder. All of these male traits appear at the onset of sexual maturation. This article investigates the relationship between morphology and sounds in male O. rochei of different sizes. Despite their small size range total length (133-170 mm TL), the five specimens showed pronounced differences in sound-production apparatus morphology, especially in terms of swimbladder shape and rocker bone development. This observation was reinforced by the positive allometry measured for the rocker bone and the internal tube of the swimbladder. The differences in morphology were related to marked differences in sound characteristics (especially frequency and pulse duration). These results suggest that male calls carry information about the degree of maturity. Deprived of most visual cues, ophidiids probably have invested in other mechanisms to recognize and distinguish among individual conspecifics and between ophidiid species. As a result, their phenotypes are externally similar but internally very different. In these taxa, the great variability of the sound production apparatus means this complex system is a main target of environmental constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Kéver
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH, Institut de chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
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Kéver L, Colleye O, Herrel A, Romans P, Parmentier E. Hearing capacities and otolith size in two ophidiiform species (Ophidion rochei and Carapus acus). J Exp Biol 2014; 217:2517-25. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.105254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Numerous studies have highlighted the diversity of fish inner ear morphology. However, the function of shape, size, and orientation of the different structures remains poorly understood. The saccule (otolithic endorgan) is considered as the principal hearing organ in fishes and it has been hypothesized that sagitta (saccular otolith) shape and size affect hearing capacities: large sagittae are thought to increase sensitivity. The sagittae of many ophidiids and carapids occupy a large volume inside the neurocranium. Hence they are of great interest to test the size hypothesis. The main aim of this study was to investigate hearing capacities and inner ear morphology in two ophidiiform species: Ophidion rochei and Carapus acus. We used a multidisciplinary approach that combines dissections, μCT-scan examinations, and auditory evoked potential technique. Carapus acus and O. rochei sagittae have similar maximal diameter, both species have larger otoliths than many non-ophidiiform species especially compared to the intra-neurocranium (INC) volume. Both species are sensitive to sounds up to 2100 Hz. Relative to the skull, O. rochei had smaller sagittae than the carapid but better hearing capacities from 300 to 900 Hz and similar sensitivities at 150 Hz and from 1200 to 2100 Hz. Results show that hearing capacities of a fish species cannot be predicted only based on sagitta size. Larger otoliths (in size relative to the skull) may have evolved mainly for performing vestibular functions in fishes, especially those ones that need to execute precise and complex movements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pascal Romans
- Observatoire Océanologique-Laboratoire Arago, France
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Kéver L, Boyle KS, Dragičević B, Dulčić J, Parmentier E. A superfast muscle in the complex sonic apparatus of Ophidion rochei (Ophidiiformes): histological and physiological approaches. J Exp Biol 2014; 217:3432-40. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.105445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In teleosts, superfast muscles are generally associated with the swimbladder wall whose vibrations result in sound production. In Ophidion rochei, three pairs of muscles were named 'sonic' because their contractions affect swimbladder position: the dorsal sonic muscle (DSM), the intermediate sonic muscle (ISM), and the ventral sonic muscle (VSM). These muscles were investigated thanks to electron microscopy and electromyography in order to determine their function in sound production. Fibers of the VSM and DSM were much thinner than the fibers of the ISM and epaxial musculature. However, only VSM fibers had the typical ultrastructure of superfast muscles: low proportion of myofibrils, and high proportions of sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In females, each sound onset was preceded by the onset of electrical activity in the VSM and the DSM (ISM was not tested). The electromyograms of the VSM were very similar to the waveforms of the sounds: means for the pulse period were 3.6±0.5 ms and 3.6±0.7 ms, respectively. This shows that the fast VSM (ca. 280 Hz) is responsible for the pulse period and fundamental frequency of female sounds. DSM electromyograms were generally characterized by one or two main peaks followed by periods of lower electrical activity which suggests a sustained contraction over the course of the sound. The fiber morphology of the ISM and its antagonistic position relative to the DSM are not indicative of a muscle capable of superfast contractions. Overall, this study experimentally shows the complexity of the sound production mechanism in the nocturnal fish O. rochei.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jakov Dulčić
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Croatia
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25
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Kéver L, Boyle KS, Dragičević B, Dulčić J, Casadevall M, Parmentier E. Sexual dimorphism of sonic apparatus and extreme intersexual variation of sounds in Ophidion rochei (Ophidiidae): first evidence of a tight relationship between morphology and sound characteristics in Ophidiidae. Front Zool 2012; 9:34. [PMID: 23217241 PMCID: PMC3538643 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-9-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many Ophidiidae are active in dark environments and display complex sonic apparatus morphologies. However, sound recordings are scarce and little is known about acoustic communication in this family. This paper focuses on Ophidion rochei which is known to display an important sexual dimorphism in swimbladder and anterior skeleton. The aims of this study were to compare the sound producing morphology, and the resulting sounds in juveniles, females and males of O. rochei. Results Males, females, and juveniles possessed different morphotypes. Females and juveniles contrasted with males because they possessed dramatic differences in morphology of their sonic muscles, swimbladder, supraoccipital crest, and first vertebrae and associated ribs. Further, they lacked the ‘rocker bone’ typically found in males. Sounds from each morphotype were highly divergent. Males generally produced non harmonic, multiple-pulsed sounds that lasted for several seconds (3.5 ± 1.3 s) with a pulse period of ca. 100 ms. Juvenile and female sounds were recorded for the first time in ophidiids. Female sounds were harmonic, had shorter pulse period (±3.7 ms), and never exceeded a few dozen milliseconds (18 ± 11 ms). Moreover, unlike male sounds, female sounds did not have alternating long and short pulse periods. Juvenile sounds were weaker but appear to be similar to female sounds. Conclusions Although it is not possible to distinguish externally male from female in O. rochei, they show a sonic apparatus and sounds that are dramatically different. This difference is likely due to their nocturnal habits that may have favored the evolution of internal secondary sexual characters that help to distinguish males from females and that could facilitate mate choice by females. Moreover, the comparison of different morphotypes in this study shows that these morphological differences result from a peramorphosis that takes place during the development of the gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Kéver
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de chimie, Bât, B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
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Boyle KS, Dewan AK, Tricas TC. Fast drum strokes: Novel and convergent features of sonic muscle ultrastructure, innervation, and motor neuron organization in the pyramid butterflyfish (hemitaurichthys polylepis). J Morphol 2012; 274:377-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Codina E, Loïc K, Compère P, Dragičević B, Dulčić J, Parmentier E. The barbel-like specialization of the pelvic fins inOphidion rochei(Ophidiidae). J Morphol 2012; 273:1367-76. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Fine
- a Department of Biology , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , 23284-2012 , USA
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Mok HK, Parmentier E, Chiu KH, Tsai KE, Chiu PH, Fine ML. An Intermediate in the evolution of superfast sonic muscles. Front Zool 2011; 8:31. [PMID: 22126599 PMCID: PMC3251524 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-8-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermediate forms in the evolution of new adaptations such as transitions from water to land and the evolution of flight are often poorly understood. Similarly, the evolution of superfast sonic muscles in fishes, often considered the fastest muscles in vertebrates, has been a mystery because slow bladder movement does not generate sound. Slow muscles that stretch the swimbladder and then produce sound during recoil have recently been discovered in ophidiiform fishes. Here we describe the disturbance call (produced when fish are held) and sonic mechanism in an unrelated perciform pearl perch (Glaucosomatidae) that represents an intermediate condition in the evolution of super-fast sonic muscles. RESULTS The pearl perch disturbance call is a two-part sound produced by a fast sonic muscle that rapidly stretches the bladder and an antagonistic tendon-smooth muscle combination (part 1) causing the tendon and bladder to snap back (part 2) generating a higher-frequency and greater-amplitude pulse. The smooth muscle is confirmed by electron microscopy and protein analysis. To our knowledge smooth muscle attachment to a tendon is unknown in animals. CONCLUSION The pearl perch, an advanced perciform teleost unrelated to ophidiiform fishes, uses a slow type mechanism to produce the major portion of the sound pulse during recoil, but the swimbladder is stretched by a fast muscle. Similarities between the two unrelated lineages, suggest independent and convergent evolution of sonic muscles and indicate intermediate forms in the evolution of superfast muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hin-Kiu Mok
- Institute of Marine Biology and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie, Université de Liège, - B6C, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Kuo-Hsun Chiu
- Institute of Marine Biology and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, 142 Hai-chuan Rd. Nan-tzu, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Kai-En Tsai
- Institute of Marine Biology and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Ho Chiu
- Institute of Marine Biology and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Michael L Fine
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-2012, USA
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Parmentier E, Boyle KS, Berten L, Brié C, Lecchini D. Sound production and mechanism in Heniochus chrysostomus (Chaetodontidae). J Exp Biol 2011; 214:2702-8. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.056903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The diversity in calls and sonic mechanisms appears to be important in Chaetodontidae. Calls in Chaetodon multicinctus seem to include tail slap, jump, pelvic fin flick and dorsal–anal fin erection behaviors. Pulsatile sounds are associated with dorsal elevation of the head, anterior extension of the ventral pectoral girdle and dorsal elevation of the caudal skeleton in Forcipiger flavissiumus. In Hemitaurichthys polylepis, extrinsic swimbladder muscles could be involved in sounds originating from the swimbladder and correspond to the inward buckling of tissues situated dorsally in front of the swimbladder. These examples suggest that this mode of communication could be present in other members of the family. Sounds made by the pennant bannerfish (Heniochus chrysostomus) were recorded for the first time on coral reefs and when fish were hand held. In hand-held fishes, three types of calls were recorded: isolated pulses (51%), trains of four to 11 pulses (19%) and trains preceded by an isolated pulse (29%). Call frequencies were harmonic and had a fundamental frequency between 130 and 180 Hz. The fundamental frequency, sound amplitude and sound duration were not related to fish size. Data from morphology, sound analysis and electromyography recordings highlight that the calls are made by extrinsic sonic drumming muscles in association with the articulated bones of the ribcage. The pennant bannerfish system differs from other Chaetodontidae in terms of sound characteristics, associated body movements and, consequently, mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie, Bât. B6C, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Kelly S. Boyle
- Department of Zoology, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kane'ohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Laetitia Berten
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie, Bât. B6C, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Brié
- Tropical Fish Tahiti, Avatoru, 98729 Rangiroa, French Polynesia
| | - David Lecchini
- CRIOBE, USR 3278 – CNRS / EPHE, Centre de Recherche Insulaire et Observatoire de l'Environnement, CBETM – Université de Perpignan, BP 1013 Moorea, French Polynesia
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Boyle KS, Tricas TC. Pulse sound generation, anterior swim bladder buckling and associated muscle activity in the pyramid butterflyfish, Hemitaurichthys polylepis. J Exp Biol 2010; 213:3881-93. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.048710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Acoustic behaviors are widespread among diverse fish taxa but mechanisms of sound production are known from relatively few species, vary widely and convergent mechanisms are poorly known. We examined the sound production mechanism in the pyramid butterflyfish, Hemitaurichthys polylepis, a member of the socially and ecologically diverse reef fish family Chaetodontidae. In the field, fish produce pulse trains at dusk during social interactions that are probably related to mate attraction and courtship. In laboratory experiments, sound production was synchronized to high-speed video to determine body movement associated with sound generation. In addition, electromyography (EMG) recordings tested the activity of six candidate muscles. Fish produced individual pulses with a mean peak frequency of 97 Hz in rapid succession. EMG experiments show that anterior hypaxial muscles contract at high bilaterally synchronous rates (up to 120 Hz) in near perfect association with rapid inward buckling visible outside the body over the anterior swim bladder. Muscle activity often showed EMG doublets that occurred within the time of a single sound pulse but was not sustained. Buckling and sound pulse rates correlated strongly (R2≈1.00) and sound pulse rate measured over two successive pulses (maximum of 38 pulses s–1) was lower than muscle firing rate. These results show that the extrinsic swim bladder muscles of pyramid butterflyfish involve single contractions that produce pulses in a manner similar to distantly related teleosts, but involve a novel doublet motor-neuron firing pattern. Thus, the sound production mechanism in pyramid butterflyfish is likely convergent with several percomorph taxa and divergent from the related chaetodontid genus Forcipiger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S. Boyle
- Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA and Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Timothy C. Tricas
- Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA and Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
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