1
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Lo YC, Blamires SJ, Liao CP, Tso IM. Nocturnal and diurnal predator and prey interactions with crab spider color polymorphs. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-023-03291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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2
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Lewis-Luján LM, Rosas-Burgos EC, Ezquerra-Brauer JM, Burboa-Zazueta MG, Assanga SBI, del Castillo-Castro T, Penton G, Plascencia-Jatomea M. Inhibition of Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi by Natural Phenoxazinone from Octopus Ommochrome Pigments. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:989-1002. [PMID: 35909165 PMCID: PMC9628961 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2206.06043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cephalopods, in particular octopus (Octopus vulgaris), have the ability to alter their appearance or body pattern by showing a wide range of camouflage by virtue of their chromatophores, which contain nanostructured granules of ommochrome pigments. Recently, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ommochromes have become of great interest; therefore, in this study, the pH-dependent redox effect of the extraction solvent on the antioxidant potential and the structural characterization of the pigments were evaluated. Cell viability was determined by the microdilution method in broth by turbidity, MTT, resazurin, as well as fluorescence microscopy kit assays. A Live/Dead Double Staining Kit and an ROS Kit were used to elucidate the possible inhibitory mechanisms of ommochromes against bacterial and fungal strains. The results obtained revealed that the redox state alters the color changes of the ommochromes and is dependent on the pH in the extraction solvent. Natural phenoxazinone (ommochromes) is moderately toxic to the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella Typhimurium and Candida albicans, while the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens, and the filamentous fungi Aspergillus parasiticus, Alternaria spp. and Fusarium verticillioides, were tolerant to these pigments. UV/visible spectral scanning and Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) suggest the presence of reduced ommatin in methanol/ HCl extract with high intrinsic fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidianys María Lewis-Luján
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Micotoxinas, Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Ema Carina Rosas-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Micotoxinas, Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Josafat Marina Ezquerra-Brauer
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Micotoxinas, Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Burboa-Zazueta
- Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Simon Bernard Iloki Assanga
- Department of Biological Chemical Sciences. Sonora University, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales. Col. Centro, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Teresa del Castillo-Castro
- Department of Research on Polymers and Materials, Sonora University. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales. Col. Centro, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Giselle Penton
- Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología, Ave 31 entre 158 y 190, Cubanacán, Playa, Habana, CP 6162, Cuba
| | - Maribel Plascencia-Jatomea
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Micotoxinas, Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico,Corresponding author Phone/Fax: +52-662-259-2207 E-mail:
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3
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Figon F, Hurbain I, Heiligenstein X, Trépout S, Lanoue A, Medjoubi K, Somogyi A, Delevoye C, Raposo G, Casas J. Catabolism of lysosome-related organelles in color-changing spiders supports intracellular turnover of pigments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2103020118. [PMID: 34433668 PMCID: PMC8536372 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigment organelles of vertebrates belong to the lysosome-related organelle (LRO) family, of which melanin-producing melanosomes are the prototypes. While their anabolism has been extensively unraveled through the study of melanosomes in skin melanocytes, their catabolism remains poorly known. Here, we tap into the unique ability of crab spiders to reversibly change body coloration to examine the catabolism of their pigment organelles. By combining ultrastructural and metal analyses on high-pressure frozen integuments, we first assess whether pigment organelles of crab spiders belong to the LRO family and second, how their catabolism is intracellularly processed. Using scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron tomography, and nanoscale Synchrotron-based scanning X-ray fluorescence, we show that pigment organelles possess ultrastructural and chemical hallmarks of LROs, including intraluminal vesicles and metal deposits, similar to melanosomes. Monitoring ultrastructural changes during bleaching suggests that the catabolism of pigment organelles involves the degradation and removal of their intraluminal content, possibly through lysosomal mechanisms. In contrast to skin melanosomes, anabolism and catabolism of pigments proceed within the same cell without requiring either cell death or secretion/phagocytosis. Our work hence provides support for the hypothesis that the endolysosomal system is fully functionalized for within-cell turnover of pigments, leading to functional maintenance under adverse conditions and phenotypic plasticity. First formulated for eye melanosomes in the context of human vision, the hypothesis of intracellular turnover of pigments gets unprecedented strong support from pigment organelles of spiders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Figon
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS UMR 7261, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France;
| | - Ilse Hurbain
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris Sciences & Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Infrastructures en Biologie, Santé et Agronomie [PICT-IBiSA]), PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Sylvain Trépout
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1196, CNRS UMR 9187, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Équipe d'Accueil 2106, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | | | | | - Cédric Delevoye
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris Sciences & Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Infrastructures en Biologie, Santé et Agronomie [PICT-IBiSA]), PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Graça Raposo
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris Sciences & Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Infrastructures en Biologie, Santé et Agronomie [PICT-IBiSA]), PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Casas
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS UMR 7261, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France;
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4
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Rodríguez-Gironés MA, Maldonado M. Detectable but unseen: imperfect crypsis protects crab spiders from predators. Anim Behav 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Figon F, Casas J. Ommochromes in invertebrates: biochemistry and cell biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:156-183. [PMID: 29989284 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ommochromes are widely occurring coloured molecules of invertebrates, arising from tryptophan catabolism through the so-called Tryptophan → Ommochrome pathway. They are mainly known to mediate compound eye vision, as well as reversible and irreversible colour patterning. Ommochromes might also be involved in cell homeostasis by detoxifying free tryptophan and buffering oxidative stress. These biological functions are directly linked to their unique chromophore, the phenoxazine/phenothiazine system. The most recent reviews on ommochrome biochemistry were published more than 30 years ago, since when new results on the enzymes of the ommochrome pathway, on ommochrome photochemistry as well as on their antiradical capacities have been obtained. Ommochromasomes are the organelles where ommochromes are synthesised and stored. Hence, they play an important role in mediating ommochrome functions. Ommochromasomes are part of the lysosome-related organelles (LROs) family, which includes other pigmented organelles such as vertebrate melanosomes. Ommochromasomes are unique because they are the only LRO for which a recycling process during reversible colour change has been described. Herein, we provide an update on ommochrome biochemistry, photoreactivity and antiradical capacities to explain their diversity and behaviour both in vivo and in vitro. We also highlight new biochemical techniques, such as quantum chemistry, metabolomics and crystallography, which could lead to major advances in their chemical and functional characterisation. We then focus on ommochromasome structure and formation by drawing parallels with the well-characterised melanosomes of vertebrates. The biochemical, genetic, cellular and microscopic tools that have been applied to melanosomes should provide important information on the ommochromasome life cycle. We propose LRO-based models for ommochromasome biogenesis and recycling that could be tested in the future. Using the context of insect compound eyes, we finally emphasise the importance of an integrated approach in understanding the biological functions of ommochromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Figon
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Jérôme Casas
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
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6
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Siegenthaler A, Mastin A, Dufaut C, Mondal D, Benvenuto C. Background matching in the brown shrimp Crangon crangon: adaptive camouflage and behavioural-plasticity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3292. [PMID: 29459624 PMCID: PMC5818513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A combination of burrowing behaviour and very efficient background matching makes the brown shrimp Crangon crangon almost invisible to potential predators and prey. This raises questions on how shrimp succeed in concealing themselves in the heterogeneous and dynamic estuarine habitats they inhabit and what type of environmental variables and behavioural factors affect their colour change abilities. Using a series of behavioural experiments, we show that the brown shrimp is capable of repeated fast colour adaptations (20% change in dark pigment cover within one hour) and that its background matching ability is mainly influenced by illumination and sediment colour. Novel insights are provided on the occurrence of non-adaptive (possibly stress) responses to background changes after long-time exposure to a constant background colour or during unfavourable conditions for burying. Shrimp showed high levels of intra- and inter-individual variation, demonstrating a complex balance between behavioural-plasticity and environmental adaptation. As such, the study of crustacean colour changes represents a valuable opportunity to investigate colour adaptations in dynamic habitats and can help us to identify the mayor environmental and behavioural factors influencing the evolution of animal background matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjin Siegenthaler
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Alexander Mastin
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Clément Dufaut
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Debapriya Mondal
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Chiara Benvenuto
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK.
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7
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Eacock A, Rowland HM, Edmonds N, Saccheri IJ. Colour change of twig-mimicking peppered moth larvae is a continuous reaction norm that increases camouflage against avian predators. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3999. [PMID: 29158965 PMCID: PMC5691783 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Camouflage, and in particular background-matching, is one of the most common anti-predator strategies observed in nature. Animals can improve their match to the colour/pattern of their surroundings through background selection, and/or by plastic colour change. Colour change can occur rapidly (a few seconds), or it may be slow, taking hours to days. Many studies have explored the cues and mechanisms behind rapid colour change, but there is a considerable lack of information about slow colour change in the context of predation: the cues that initiate it, and the range of phenotypes that are produced. Here we show that peppered moth (Biston betularia) larvae respond to colour and luminance of the twigs they rest on, and exhibit a continuous reaction norm of phenotypes. When presented with a heterogeneous environment of mixed twig colours, individual larvae specialise crypsis towards one colour rather than developing an intermediate colour. Flexible colour change in this species has likely evolved in association with wind dispersal and polyphagy, which result in caterpillars settling and feeding in a diverse range of visual environments. This is the first example of visually induced slow colour change in Lepidoptera that has been objectively quantified and measured from the visual perspective of natural predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Eacock
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M. Rowland
- Predators and Prey Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicola Edmonds
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ilik J. Saccheri
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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8
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Corcobado G, Herberstein ME, Pekár S. The role of ultraviolet colour in the assessment of mimetic accuracy between Batesian mimics and their models: a case study using ant-mimicking spiders. Naturwissenschaften 2016; 103:90. [PMID: 27722878 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-016-1410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of ultraviolet (UV) cues for intra- and inter-specific communication is common in many animal species. Still, the role of UV signals under some predator-prey contexts, such as Batesian mimicry, is not clear. Batesian mimicry is a defensive strategy by which a palatable species (the mimic) resembles an unpalatable or noxious species (the model) to avoid predation. This strategy has evolved independently in many different taxa that are predated by species capable of UV perception. Moreover, there is considerable variation in how accurately Batesian mimics resemble their models across species. Our aim was to investigate how UV colour contributed to mimetic accuracy using several ant-mimicking spider species as a case study. We measured the reflectance spectrum (300-700 nm) for several species of mimics and models, and we tested whether they differ in visible and UV colour. We modelled whether two different predators could discriminate between mimics and models using colour information. We found that generally, ant-mimicking spiders differed significantly from their ant models in UV colour and that information from the visible range of light cannot be extrapolated into the UV. Our modelling suggested that wasps should be able to discriminate between mimics and models combining information from visible and the UV light, whereas birds may not discriminate between them. Thus, we show that UV colour can influence mimic accuracy and we discuss its potential role in Batesian mimicry. We conclude that colour, especially in the UV range, should be taken into account when measuring mimetic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Corcobado
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie E Herberstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Stano Pekár
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Stubbs AL, Stubbs CW. Spectral discrimination in color blind animals via chromatic aberration and pupil shape. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:8206-11. [PMID: 27382180 PMCID: PMC4961147 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524578113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a mechanism by which organisms with only a single photoreceptor, which have a monochromatic view of the world, can achieve color discrimination. An off-axis pupil and the principle of chromatic aberration (where different wavelengths come to focus at different distances behind a lens) can combine to provide "color-blind" animals with a way to distinguish colors. As a specific example, we constructed a computer model of the visual system of cephalopods (octopus, squid, and cuttlefish) that have a single unfiltered photoreceptor type. We compute a quantitative image quality budget for this visual system and show how chromatic blurring dominates the visual acuity in these animals in shallow water. We quantitatively show, through numerical simulations, how chromatic aberration can be exploited to obtain spectral information, especially through nonaxial pupils that are characteristic of coleoid cephalopods. We have also assessed the inherent ambiguity between range and color that is a consequence of the chromatic variation of best focus with wavelength. This proposed mechanism is consistent with the extensive suite of visual/behavioral and physiological data that has been obtained from cephalopod studies and offers a possible solution to the apparent paradox of vivid chromatic behaviors in color blind animals. Moreover, this proposed mechanism has potential applicability in organisms with limited photoreceptor complements, such as spiders and dolphins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L Stubbs
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
| | - Christopher W Stubbs
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; Department of Astronomy, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
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10
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Yim KM, Brewer MS, Miller CT, Gillespie RG. Comparative Transcriptomics of Maturity-Associated Color Change in Hawaiian Spiders. J Hered 2014; 105 Suppl 1:771-81. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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11
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Ajuria Ibarra H, Reader T. Female-limited colour polymorphism in the crab spiderSynema globosum(Araneae: Thomisidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ajuria Ibarra
- School of Life Sciences; University Park; University of Nottingham; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Tom Reader
- School of Life Sciences; University Park; University of Nottingham; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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12
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Gawryszewski FM, Birch D, Kemp DJ, Herberstein ME. Dissecting the variation of a visual trait: the proximate basis of
UV
‐Visible reflectance in crab spiders (Thomisidae). Funct Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe M. Gawryszewski
- Deparment of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde New South Wales2109 Australia
| | - Debra Birch
- Deparment of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde New South Wales2109 Australia
| | - Darrell J. Kemp
- Deparment of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde New South Wales2109 Australia
| | - Marie E. Herberstein
- Deparment of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde New South Wales2109 Australia
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13
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Fulgione D, Trapanese M, Maselli V, Rippa D, Itri F, Avallone B, Van Damme R, Monti DM, Raia P. Seeing through the skin: dermal light sensitivity provides cryptism in moorish gecko. J Zool (1987) 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Fulgione
- Department of Biology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - M. Trapanese
- Department of Biology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - V. Maselli
- Department of Biology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - D. Rippa
- Department of Biology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - F. Itri
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - B. Avallone
- Department of Biology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - R. Van Damme
- Department of Biology; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - D. M. Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - P. Raia
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
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14
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Stead N. CRAB SPIDERS' TRICKS FOR YELLOW CAMOUFLAGE. J Exp Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.095422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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