1
|
Wu NC, Alton L, Bovo RP, Carey N, Currie SE, Lighton JRB, McKechnie AE, Pottier P, Rossi G, White CR, Levesque DL. Reporting guidelines for terrestrial respirometry: Building openness, transparency of metabolic rate and evaporative water loss data. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 296:111688. [PMID: 38944270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Respirometry is an important tool for understanding whole-animal energy and water balance in relation to the environment. Consequently, the growing number of studies using respirometry over the last decade warrants reliable reporting and data sharing for effective dissemination and research synthesis. We provide a checklist guideline on five key sections to facilitate the transparency, reproducibility, and replicability of respirometry studies: 1) materials, set up, plumbing, 2) subject conditions/maintenance, 3) measurement conditions, 4) data processing, and 5) data reporting and statistics, each with explanations and example studies. Transparency in reporting and data availability has benefits on multiple fronts. Authors can use this checklist to design and report on their study, and reviewers and editors can use the checklist to assess the reporting quality of the manuscripts they review. Improved standards for reporting will enhance the value of primary studies and will greatly facilitate the ability to carry out higher quality research syntheses to address ecological and evolutionary theories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Wu
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, New South Wales 2753, Australia.
| | - Lesley Alton
- Centre for Geometric Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia. https://twitter.com/lesley_alton
| | - Rafael P Bovo
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States. https://twitter.com/bovo_rp
| | - Nicholas Carey
- Marine Directorate for the Scottish Government, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Shannon E Currie
- Institute for Cell and Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Plz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. https://twitter.com/batsinthbelfry
| | - John R B Lighton
- Sable Systems International, North Las Vegas, NV, United States. https://twitter.com/SableSys
| | - Andrew E McKechnie
- South African Research Chair in Conservation Physiology, South African National Biodiversity Institute, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Patrice Pottier
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. https://twitter.com/PatriceEcoEvo
| | - Giulia Rossi
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. https://twitter.com/giuliasrossi
| | - Craig R White
- Centre for Geometric Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Danielle L Levesque
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States. https://twitter.com/dl_levesque
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Davis CG, Weaver SJ, Taylor EN. Cutaneous Evaporative Water Loss in Lizards Changes Immediately with Temperature. ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 97:118-128. [PMID: 38728691 DOI: 10.1086/730423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
AbstractCutaneous evaporative water loss (CEWL) makes up a significant portion of total evaporative water loss in many terrestrial vertebrates. CEWL changes on evolutionary and acclimatory timescales in response to temperature and humidity. However, the lability of CEWL on acute timescales is unknown. To examine this, we increased or decreased body temperatures of western fence lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis) over a 15-min period while continuously recording CEWL with a handheld evaporimeter. CEWL increased in response to heating and decreased in response to cooling on the order of seconds. However, CEWL was different between heating and cooling groups at a common body temperature. We observed the same positive relationship between CEWL and body temperature, as well as the difference in CEWL between treatments, for deceased lizards that we opportunistically measured. However, deceased lizards had more extreme CEWL values for any given body temperature and treatment. Overall, our results suggest that both structural traits and active physiological processes likely influence the rates and plasticity of CEWL.
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Z, Guo X, Guo Z, Shi X, Zhou J, Liu Z, Xiao Q, Chen Y. 3D Morphological Scanning and Environmental Correlates of Bufo gargarizans in the Yellow River Basin. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:369. [PMID: 38338012 PMCID: PMC10854707 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Morphology plays a crucial role in understanding the intricacies of biological forms. Traditional morphometric methods, focusing on one- or two-dimensional geometric levels, often fall short of accurately capturing the three-dimensional (3D) structure of organisms. The advent of 3D scanning techniques has revolutionized the study of organismal morphology, enabling comprehensive and accurate measurements. This study employs a 3D structured light scanning system to analyze the morphological variations in the Chinese toad (Bufo gargarizans Cantor, 1842) along the Yellow River Basin. The 3D digital model obtained from the scan was used to calculate various morphological parameters including body surface area, volume, fractal dimensions, and limb size. The research explores geographic variability patterns and identifies environmental drivers affecting the 3D phenotypic variation of B. gargarizans. Results reveal a bimodal pattern of variation in the toad population, with higher elevations exhibiting smaller body sizes, greater appendage proportions, and more complex body structures. Linear regression analyses highlight the influence of elevation and annual mean temperature on the morphological variation of B. gargarizans, with elevation playing a significant role. This study underscores the significance of 3D morphometric analysis in unraveling the intricacies of organismal morphology and understanding the adaptive strategies of species in diverse environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuecheng Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zeguang Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoqin Shi
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youhua Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (X.G.); (Z.G.); (X.S.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Riddell EA, Burger IJ, Tyner-Swanson TL, Biggerstaff J, Muñoz MM, Levy O, Porter CK. Parameterizing mechanistic niche models in biophysical ecology: a review of empirical approaches. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb245543. [PMID: 37955347 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic niche models are computational tools developed using biophysical principles to address grand challenges in ecology and evolution, such as the mechanisms that shape the fundamental niche and the adaptive significance of traits. Here, we review the empirical basis of mechanistic niche models in biophysical ecology, which are used to answer a broad array of questions in ecology, evolution and global change biology. We describe the experiments and observations that are frequently used to parameterize these models and how these empirical data are then incorporated into mechanistic niche models to predict performance, growth, survival and reproduction. We focus on the physiological, behavioral and morphological traits that are frequently measured and then integrated into these models. We also review the empirical approaches used to incorporate evolutionary processes, phenotypic plasticity and biotic interactions. We discuss the importance of validation experiments and observations in verifying underlying assumptions and complex processes. Despite the reliance of mechanistic niche models on biophysical theory, empirical data have and will continue to play an essential role in their development and implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Riddell
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Isabella J Burger
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tamara L Tyner-Swanson
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Justin Biggerstaff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Martha M Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Ofir Levy
- Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Cody K Porter
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Weaver SJ, McIntyre T, van Rossum T, Telemeco RS, Taylor EN. Hydration and evaporative water loss of lizards change in response to temperature and humidity acclimation. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb246459. [PMID: 37767755 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Testing acclimation plasticity informs our understanding of organismal physiology and applies to conservation management amidst our rapidly changing climate. Although there is a wealth of research on the plasticity of thermal and hydric physiology in response to temperature acclimation, there is a comparative gap for research on acclimation to different hydric regimes, as well as the interaction between water and temperature. We sought to fill this gap by acclimating western fence lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis) to experimental climate conditions (crossed design of hot or cool, dry or humid) for 8 days, and measuring cutaneous evaporative water loss (CEWL), plasma osmolality, hematocrit and body mass before and after acclimation. CEWL changed plastically in response to the different climates, with lizards acclimated to hot humid conditions experiencing the greatest increase in CEWL. Change in CEWL among individuals was negatively related to treatment vapor pressure deficit and positively related to treatment water vapor pressure. Plasma osmolality, hematocrit and body mass all showed greater changes in response to temperature than to humidity or vapor pressure deficit. CEWL and plasma osmolality were positively related across treatment groups before acclimation and within treatment groups after acclimation, but the two variables showed different responses to acclimation, suggesting that they are interrelated but governed by different mechanisms. This study is among few that assess more than one metric of hydric physiology and that test the interactive effects of temperature and humidity. Such measurements will be essential for predictive models of activity and survival for animals under climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savannah J Weaver
- Biological Sciences Department, Bailey College of Science and Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0401, USA
| | - Tess McIntyre
- Biological Sciences Department, Bailey College of Science and Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0401, USA
| | - Taylor van Rossum
- Biological Sciences Department, Bailey College of Science and Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0401, USA
| | - Rory S Telemeco
- Department of Conservation Science, Fresno Chaffee Zoo, Fresno, CA 93728, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Emily N Taylor
- Biological Sciences Department, Bailey College of Science and Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0401, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li M, Du C, Wang J, Gao Z, Yang X, Chen D, Tong J, Ren L. Morphology and mechanical performance between the skin surface of
Rana dybowskii
and
Bufo gargarizans. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mo Li
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Chunyu Du
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Jili Wang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Zibo Gao
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Xiao Yang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Donghui Chen
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Jin Tong
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Lili Ren
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mayer M, Schlippe Justicia L, Shine R, Brown GP. Host defense or parasite cue: Skin secretions mediate interactions between amphibians and their parasites. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1955-1965. [PMID: 34176205 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Amphibian skin secretions (substances produced by the amphibian plus microbiota) plausibly act as a first line of defense against parasite/pathogen attack, but may also provide chemical cues for pathogens. To clarify the role of skin secretions in host-parasite interactions, we conducted experiments using cane toads (Rhinella marina) and their lungworms (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) from the range-core and invasion-front of the introduced anurans' range in Australia. Depending on the geographical area, toad skin secretions can reduce the longevity and infection success of parasite larvae, or attract lungworm larvae and enhance their infection success. These striking differences between the two regions were due both to differential responses of the larvae, and differential effects of the skin secretions. Our data suggest that skin secretions play an important role in host-parasite interactions in anurans, and that the arms race between a host and parasite can rapidly generate spatial variation in critical features of that interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mayer
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lia Schlippe Justicia
- Department of Animal Biology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Richard Shine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gregory P Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rozen-Rechels D, Dupoué A, Meylan S, Qitout K, Decencière B, Agostini S, Le Galliard JF. Acclimation to Water Restriction Implies Different Paces for Behavioral and Physiological Responses in a Lizard Species. Physiol Biochem Zool 2020; 93:160-174. [PMID: 32031477 DOI: 10.1086/707409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic changes in climate conditions may select for acclimation responses in terrestrial animals living in fluctuating environments, and beneficial acclimation responses may be key to the resilience of these species to global changes. Despite evidence that climate warming induces changes in water availability, acclimation responses to water restriction are understudied compared with thermal acclimation. In addition, acclimation responses may involve different modes, paces, and trade-offs between physiological and behavioral traits. Here, we tested the dynamical acclimation responses of a dry-skinned terrestrial ectotherm to chronic water restriction. Yearling common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) were exposed to sublethal water restriction during 2 mo of the summer season in laboratory conditions, then released in outdoor conditions for 10 additional months. Candidate behavioral (exploration, basking, and thermal preferences) and physiological (metabolism at rest and standard water loss rate) traits potentially involved in the acclimation response were measured repeatedly during and after water restriction. We observed a sequential acclimation response in water-restricted animals (yearlings spent less time basking during the first weeks of water deprivation) that was followed by delayed sex-specific physiological consequences of the water restriction during the following months (thermal depression in males and lower standard evaporative water loss rates in females). Despite short-term negative effects of water restriction on body growth, annual growth, survival, and reproduction were not significantly different between water-restricted and control yearlings. This demonstrates that beneficial acclimation responses to water restriction involve both short-term flexible behavioral responses and delayed changes in thermal and water biology traits.
Collapse
|