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Han H, Zhao Y, Du J, Wang S, Yang X, Li W, Song J, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Tan Y, Hatch GM, Zhang M, Chen L. Exercise improves cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in mice through Histone H3 lactylation in microglia. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:63. [PMID: 37978517 PMCID: PMC10655345 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise is postulated to be a promising non-pharmacological intervention for the improvement of neurodegenerative disease pathology. However, the mechanism of beneficial effects of exercise on the brain remains to be further explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of an exercise-induced metabolite, lactate, on the microglia phenotype and its association with learning and memory. RESULTS Microglia were hyperactivated in the brains of AlCl3/D-gal-treated mice, which was associated with cognitive decline. Running exercise ameliorated the hyperactivation and increased the anti-inflammatory/reparative phenotype of microglia and improved cognition. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with sodium lactate (NaLA) had similar beneficial effects as that of exercise training. Exogenous NaLA addition to cultured BV2 cells promoted their transition from a pro-inflammatory to a reparative phenotype. CONCLUSION The elevated lactate acted as an "accelerator" of the endogenous "lactate timer" in microglia promoting this transition of microglia polarization balance through lactylation. These findings demonstrate that exercise-induced lactate accelerates the phenotypic transition of microglia, which plays a key role in reducing neuroinflammation and improving cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Han
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yawei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Junda Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Sushan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xuehan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Weijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yongfei Tan
- South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Grant M Hatch
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Center for Research and Treatment of Atherosclerosis, DREAM Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E0T6, Canada
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Munier JJ, Pank JT, Severino A, Wang H, Zhang P, Vergnes L, Reue K. Simultaneous monitoring of mouse grip strength, force profile, and cumulative force profile distinguishes muscle physiology following surgical, pharmacologic and diet interventions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16428. [PMID: 36180720 PMCID: PMC9525296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Grip strength is a valuable preclinical assay to study muscle physiology in disease and aging by directly determining changes in muscle force generation in active laboratory mice. Existing methods to statistically evaluate grip strength, however, have limitations in the power and scope of the physiological features that are assessed. We therefore designed a microcontroller whose serial measure of resistance-based force enables the simultaneous readout of (1) peak grip strength, (2) force profile (the non-linear progress of force exerted throughout a standard grip strength trial), and (3) cumulative force profile (the integral of force with respect to time of a single grip strength trial). We hypothesized that muscle pathologies of different etiologies have distinct effects on these parameters. To test this, we used our apparatus to assess the three muscle parameters in mice with impaired muscle function resulting from surgically induced peripheral pain, genetic peripheral neuropathy, adverse muscle effects induced by statin drug, and metabolic alterations induced by a high-fat diet. Both surgically induced peripheral nerve injury and statin-associated muscle damage diminished grip strength and force profile, without affecting cumulative force profile. Conversely, genetic peripheral neuropathy resulting from lipin 1 deficiency led to a marked reduction to all three parameters. A chronic high-fat diet led to reduced grip strength and force profile when normalized to body weight. In high-fat fed mice that were exerted aerobically and allowed to recover for 30 min, male mice exhibited impaired force profile parameters, which female mice were more resilient. Thus, simultaneous analysis of peak grip strength, force profile and cumulative force profile distinguishes the muscle impairments that result from distinct perturbations and may reflect distinct motor unit recruitment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Munier
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90034 USA
| | - Justin T. Pank
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Amie Severino
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Disease, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Huan Wang
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Peixiang Zhang
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Karen Reue
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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Bartra C, Jager LA, Alcarraz A, Meza-Ramos A, Sangüesa G, Corpas R, Guasch E, Batlle M, Sanfeliu C. Antioxidant Molecular Brain Changes Parallel Adaptive Cardiovascular Response to Forced Running in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1891. [PMID: 36290614 PMCID: PMC9598430 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Physically active lifestyle has huge implications for the health and well-being of people of all ages. However, excessive training can lead to severe cardiovascular events such as heart fibrosis and arrhythmia. In addition, strenuous exercise may impair brain plasticity. Here we investigate the presence of any deleterious effects induced by chronic high-intensity exercise, although not reaching exhaustion. We analyzed cardiovascular, cognitive, and cerebral molecular changes in young adult male mice submitted to treadmill running for eight weeks at moderate or high-intensity regimens compared to sedentary mice. Exercised mice showed decreased weight gain, which was significant for the high-intensity group. Exercised mice showed cardiac hypertrophy but with no signs of hemodynamic overload. No morphological changes in the descending aorta were observed, either. High-intensity training induced a decrease in heart rate and an increase in motor skills. However, it did not impair recognition or spatial memory, and, accordingly, the expression of hippocampal and cerebral cortical neuroplasticity markers was maintained. Interestingly, proteasome enzymatic activity increased in the cerebral cortex of all trained mice, and catalase expression was significantly increased in the high-intensity group; both first-line mechanisms contribute to maintaining redox homeostasis. Therefore, physical exercise at an intensity that induces adaptive cardiovascular changes parallels increases in antioxidant defenses to prevent brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bartra
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lars Andre Jager
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Alcarraz
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Arrhythmia Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aline Meza-Ramos
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Arrhythmia Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Sangüesa
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Arrhythmia Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Corpas
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Guasch
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Arrhythmia Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Batlle
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Arrhythmia Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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