Through the looking glass: attempting to predict future opportunities and challenges in experimental biology

Developing the 'omic toolkit of comparative physiologists

Typical 'omic analyses reduce complex biological systems to simple lists of supposedly independent variables, failing to account for changes in the wider transcriptional landscape. In this commentary, we discuss the utility of network approaches for incorporating this wider context into the study of physiological phenomena. We highlight opportunities to build on traditional network tools by utilising cutting-edge techniques to account for higher order interactions (i.e. beyond pairwise associations) within datasets, allowing for more accurate models of complex 'omic systems. Finally, we show examples of previous works utilising network approaches to gain additional insight into their organisms of interest. As 'omics grow in both their popularity and breadth of application, so does the requirement for flexible analytical tools capable of interpreting and synthesising complex datasets.

Bridging the divide in organismal physiology: a case for the integration of behaviour as a physiological process

The role of behaviour in animal physiology is much debated, with researchers divided between the traditional view that separates physiology and behaviour, and a progressive perspective that sees behaviour as a physiological effector. We advocate for the latter, and in this Commentary, we argue that behaviour is inherently a physiological process. To do so, we outline the physiological basis for behaviour and draw parallels with recognised physiological processes. We also emphasise the importance of precise language that is shared across biological disciplines, as clear communication is foundational in integrating behaviour into physiology. Our goal with this Commentary is to set the stage for a debate and persuade readers of the merits of including behaviour within the domain of animal physiology. We argue that recognising behaviour as a physiological process is crucial for advancing a unified understanding of physiology, especially in the context of anthropogenic impacts.