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Zhang H, Finkelman BS, Ettel MG, Velez MJ, Turner BM, Hicks DG. HER2 evaluation for clinical decision making in human solid tumours: pearls and pitfalls. Histopathology 2024; 85:3-19. [PMID: 38443321 DOI: 10.1111/his.15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The significant clinical benefits of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapeutic agents have revolutionized the clinical treatment landscape in a variety of human solid tumours. Accordingly, accurate evaluation of HER2 status in these different tumour types is critical for clinical decision making to select appropriate patients who may benefit from life-saving HER2-targeted therapies. HER2 biomarker scoring criteria is different in different organ systems, and close adherence to the corresponding HER2 biomarker testing guidelines and their updates, if available, is essential for accurate evaluation. In addition, knowing the unusual patterns of HER2 expression is also important to avoid inaccurate evaluation. In this review, we discuss the key considerations when evaluating HER2 status in solid tumours for clinical decision making, including tissue handling and preparation for HER2 biomarker testing, as well as pathologist's readout of HER2 testing results in breast carcinomas, gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas, colorectal adenocarcinomas, gynaecologic carcinomas, and non-small cell lung carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huina Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Brian S Finkelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mark G Ettel
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Moises J Velez
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Bradley M Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - David G Hicks
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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2
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Update on Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Mucinous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041172. [PMID: 36831515 PMCID: PMC9954175 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review includes state-of-the-art prognostic and predictive factors of mucinous ovarian cancer (MOC), a rare tumor. Clinical, pathological, and molecular features and treatment options according to prognosis are comprehensively discussed. Different clinical implications of MOC are described according to the The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage: early MOC (stage I-II) and advanced MOC (stage III-IV). Early MOC is characterized by a good prognosis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Fertility-sparing surgery could be performed in patients who wish to become pregnant and that present low recurrence risk of disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy is not recommended, except in patients with high-risk clinical and pathological features. Regarding the histological features, an infiltrative growth pattern is the major prognostic factor of MOC. Furthermore, novel molecular biomarkers are emerging for tailored management of early-stage MOC. In contrast, advanced MOC is characterized by poor survival. Radical surgery is the cornerstone of treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended, although the efficacy is limited by the intrinsic chemoresistance of these tumors. Several molecular hallmarks of advanced MOC have been described in recent years (e.g., HER2 amplification, distinct methylation profiles, peculiar immunological microenvironment), but target therapy for these rare tumors is not available yet.
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The role of HER2 as a therapeutic biomarker in gynaecological malignancy: potential for use beyond uterine serous carcinoma. Pathology 2023; 55:8-18. [PMID: 36503635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in carcinomas of the breast, stomach and colon. In 2018, clinical trial data confirmed the prognostic and predictive role of HER2 in uterine serous carcinoma, with a demonstrated survival benefit from combined chemotherapy and anti-HER2 targeted therapy in patients with advanced or recurrent disease. Approximately one-third of uterine serous carcinomas demonstrate HER2 protein overexpression and/or gene amplification and HER2 immunohistochemistry, supplemented by in situ hybridisation in equivocal cases, is fast becoming a reflex ancillary test at time of diagnosis. The potential role of HER2 in gynaecological tumours other than uterine serous carcinoma is yet to be firmly established. With the advent of personalised medicine, routine tumour sequencing and pursuit of targeted therapies, this is a field currently under active investigation. Emerging data suggest triaging endometrial carcinomas for HER2 analysis based on molecular classification may be superior to histotype-based testing, with copy-number high/p53 mutant tumours enriched for HER2 overexpression or amplification. Accordingly, many carcinosarcomas and a subset of clear cell and high-grade endometrioid carcinomas may be eligible for HER2 targeted therapy, although any clinical benefit in this context is currently undefined. For ovarian carcinomas, combined data support the role of HER2 as a prognostic biomarker, however its use as a therapeutic target is yet to be elucidated through clinical trials. In the cervix, reported rates of HER2 overexpression vary and are generally low, and currently there is insufficient evidence to justify routine HER2 testing in this context. Limited data suggest HER2 holds promise as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in vulvar Paget disease. Future clinical trials, with pathologist input to develop and refine site-specific scoring criteria, are required to establish what role HER2 might play more broadly in gynaecological cancer care.
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Nasr D, Kumar PA, Zerdan MB, Ghelani G, Dutta D, Graziano S, Lim SH. Radioimmunoconjugates in the age of modern immuno-oncology. Life Sci 2022; 310:121126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Han CP, Koo CL, Lee MY, Chao WR. Both Kras gene mutation and Her2 gene mutation tend to exist in an inverse manner but not mutually exclusive in mucinous ovarian carcinoma: An analysis of 21 taiwanese women. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:862-863. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1358_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Poplawska M, Dutta D, Lee Y, Lim SH. Sperm protein 17 targeting for epithelial ovarian cancer treatment in the era of modern immunoengineering. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 23:378-386. [PMID: 34853809 PMCID: PMC8604669 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Chao WR, Lee YJ, Lee MY, Sheu GT, Han CP. High frequency of BRAF mutations in primary mucinous ovarian carcinoma of Taiwanese patients. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 60:1072-1077. [PMID: 34794740 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Considering the clinical evidence of BRAF inhibitors that can treat melanoma patients successfully, we aimed to investigate the status of BRAF mutations of primary mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC) in Taiwanese women, and apply the emerging paradigm classification of BRAF mutation groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS 20 archived primary MOC samples were analyzed. The BRAF mutations of activation segment (exon 15), CR3 (conserved regions 3), kinase domain of the BRAF gene were analyzed using the highly sensitive BRAF mutant enriched kit (FemtoPath®) with Sanger sequencing method. Additionally, we extended our prior reported data of HER2 aberrations and KRAS mutation into this study in order to compare with the status of BRAF mutation. RESULTS Of them (n = 20), 16 (80%) harbored BRAF missense mutations. Their mutation profile and case number (n) were categorized as (1) class I: V600E (n=1), V600M (n = 1); (2) class II: A598V (n = 1), T599I (n = 10); (3) class III: none (n = 0); and (4) unclassified variants: S602F (n = 2), T599I/S602F (n = 1). The BRAF S602F is novel. The prevalence of BRAF mutation is significantly higher than either HER2 mutation (80% vs. 35%; p = 0.022) or HER2 amplification (80% vs. 35%; p = 0.022). However, the mutation rates of BRAF and KRAS were not significantly different (80% vs. 60%; p = 0.289). CONCLUSION Activating BRAF mutation, HER2 amplification, HER2 mutation and KRAS mutation were not mutually exclusive. However, they may even have a synergistic effect in tumorigenesis. BRAF mutation is not uncommon in primary MOC of Taiwanese. The BRAF mutant (T599I) stands the majority. We suggested that there was a lower potential response to the existing V600 BRAF inhibitors, but may be responsive to dual BRAF plus MEK inhibitors or single MEK inhibitor. Further studies are warranted to investigate the clinical benefits of newly targeted therapy in recurrent or advanced stage primary MOC patients carrying different classes of BRAF mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ru Chao
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yung Lee
- Department of Statistics and Informatics Science, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Tarng Sheu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ping Han
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Shan Medical University and Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Complete surgical resection is the gold-standard treatment for all mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) cases. Advanced-stage disease is often additionally treated with adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy; however, these were developed largely against the more common high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and have low efficacy in treating MOC. More effective therapeutics are needed to treat late-stage and platinum-resistant tumors; however, traditional drug development and clinical trial paradigms are a major challenge for such a rare disease. New approaches to support evidence-based treatment decisions are required, such as registry trials. Recently, a number of targeted therapies have emerged as viable treatment options in other cancer types, and for some of these, the actionable tumor mutations are also seen in MOC. Thus, a promising alternative approach to provide benefit to current MOC patients involves DNA sequencing to identify a tumor's unique mutational profile and allow matching to available targeted agents. Such a pipeline can involve special approval to administer a drug already approved for clinical use in other cancer types to a given MOC patient, or their inclusion in existing ongoing clinical trials, such as basket trials encompassing patients with tumors from a range of anatomical sites. Implementation of such personalized medicine can be boosted using improved pre-clinical models, where through a clinical research collaboration a patient's own tumor cells can be used to a test a range of putative therapies prior to administration in the clinic, enabling selection of the available pharmaceutical/s that give any given patient the best possible chance of cancer remission.
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Mahmoudi R, Dianat-Moghadam H, Poorebrahim M, Siapoush S, Poortahmasebi V, Salahlou R, Rahmati M. Recombinant immunotoxins development for HER2-based targeted cancer therapies. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:470. [PMID: 34488747 PMCID: PMC8422749 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer biology introduces targeted therapy as a complementary method along with other conventional therapies. Recombinant immunotoxins are tumor specific antibodies that their recognizing fragment is utilized for delivering modified toxins into tumor cells. These molecules have been considered as a targeted strategy in the treatment of human cancers. HER2 tumor biomarker is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that can be used for targeted therapies in the forms of anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates and immunotoxins. There have been many studies on HER2-based immunotoxins in recent years, however, little progress has been made in the clinical field which demanded more improvements. Here, we summarized the HER2 signaling and it's targeting using immunotherapeutic agents in human cancers. Then, we specifically reviewed anti-HER2 immunotoxins, and their strengths and drawbacks to highlight their promising clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Dianat-Moghadam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mansour Poorebrahim
- Targeted Tumor Vaccines Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Samaneh Siapoush
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahdat Poortahmasebi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Salahlou
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Chiu HH, Chao WR, Chen CK, Lee YJ, Lee MY, Han CP. The Her2 gene aberrations in mucinous ovarian carcinoma: Analysis of twenty-one cases. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 59:346-347. [PMID: 32127165 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Hsiu Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Po-Jen General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ru Chao
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine and Department of Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yung Lee
- Department of Statistics and Informatics Science, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ping Han
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Shan Medical University and Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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11
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Ovarian Cancer Dissemination-A Cell Biologist's Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121957. [PMID: 31817625 PMCID: PMC6966436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) comprises multiple disease states representing a variety of distinct tumors that, irrespective of tissue of origin, genetic aberrations and pathological features, share common patterns of dissemination to the peritoneal cavity. EOC peritoneal dissemination is a stepwise process that includes the formation of malignant outgrowths that detach and establish widespread peritoneal metastases through adhesion to serosal membranes. The cell biology associated with outgrowth formation, detachment, and de novo adhesion is at the nexus of diverse genetic backgrounds that characterize the disease. Development of treatment for metastatic disease will require detailed characterization of cellular processes involved in each step of EOC peritoneal dissemination. This article offers a review of the literature that relates to the current stage of knowledge about distinct steps of EOC peritoneal dissemination, with emphasis on the cell biology aspects of the process.
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Budiarto BR, Pohan PU, Desriani. Nucleic acid amplification-based HER2 molecular detection for breast cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jons.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Morice
- From the Departments of Gynecological Surgery and Medical Oncology (P.M., S.G., A.L.), INSERM Unit 981 (A.L.), and INSERM Unit 10-30 (P.M.), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, and University Paris-Sud (Paris XI), Le Kremlin Bicêtre (P.M.) - both in France
| | - Sebastien Gouy
- From the Departments of Gynecological Surgery and Medical Oncology (P.M., S.G., A.L.), INSERM Unit 981 (A.L.), and INSERM Unit 10-30 (P.M.), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, and University Paris-Sud (Paris XI), Le Kremlin Bicêtre (P.M.) - both in France
| | - Alexandra Leary
- From the Departments of Gynecological Surgery and Medical Oncology (P.M., S.G., A.L.), INSERM Unit 981 (A.L.), and INSERM Unit 10-30 (P.M.), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, and University Paris-Sud (Paris XI), Le Kremlin Bicêtre (P.M.) - both in France
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14
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SCF/c-KIT Signaling Increased Mucin2 Production by Maintaining Atoh1 Expression in Mucinous Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051541. [PMID: 29786668 PMCID: PMC5983812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma (MCA) patients often a show high risk of malignant potential and a poorer survival rate. Given that the pathological feature and oncobiological characteristics of MCA are correlated with its abundant extracellular mucin2 (MUC2), we paid interest toward investigating the key factor that promotes MUC2 production exposure to highly-activated stem cell factor (SCF)/c-KIT signaling, which we believed to contribute to MCA formation. Long-term azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate treatment successfully induced MCA only in wild-type (WT) mice at week 37 and 43, while all c-kit loss-of-function mutant mice (Wadsm/m) developed non-MCA. Significantly, MUC2 and its key transcriptional factor Atonal homologue 1 (Atoh1) were remarkably expressed in MCA mice compared with non-MCA mice. Atoh1 was significantly elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells stimulated by exogenous SCF or overexpressing c-KIT in vitro, while decreased by the blockage of SCF/c-KIT signaling with Imatinib. Furthermore, the maintained Atoh1 protein level was due to the inactive glycogen synthase kinase 3β (p-GSK3β) by virtue of the activated SCF/c-KIT-Protein Kinase B (AKT) signaling. Similar results were obtained from the ONCOMINE database and CRC patients. In conclusion, we suggested that SCF/c-KIT signaling promoted MUC2 production and MCA tumorigenesis by maintaining Atoh1 expression. Therefore, targeting the related key molecules might be beneficial for treating MCA patients.
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Jang JYA, Yanaihara N, Pujade-Lauraine E, Mikami Y, Oda K, Bookman M, Ledermann J, Shimada M, Kiyokawa T, Kim BG, Matsumura N, Kaku T, Kuroda T, Nagayoshi Y, Kawabata A, Iida Y, Kim JW, Quinn M, Okamoto A. Update on rare epithelial ovarian cancers: based on the Rare Ovarian Tumors Young Investigator Conference. J Gynecol Oncol 2018; 28:e54. [PMID: 28541641 PMCID: PMC5447152 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2017.28.e54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been significant progress in the understanding of the pathology and molecular biology of rare ovarian cancers, which has helped both diagnosis and treatment. This paper provides an update on recent advances in the knowledge and treatment of rare ovarian cancers and identifies gaps that need to be addressed by further clinical research. The topics covered include: low-grade serous, mucinous, and clear cell carcinomas of the ovary. Given the molecular heterogeneity and the histopathological rarity of these ovarian cancers, the importance of designing adequately powered trials or finding statistically innovative ways to approach the treatment of these rare tumors has been emphasized. This paper is based on the Rare Ovarian Tumors Conference for Young Investigators which was presented in Tokyo 2015 prior to the 5th Ovarian Cancer Consensus Conference of the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yon Agnes Jang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Yanaihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Eric Pujade-Lauraine
- Unité Cancer de la Femme et Recherche Clinique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, site Hôtel-Dieu, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Yoshiki Mikami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Oda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Muneaki Shimada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Takako Kiyokawa
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Byoung Gie Kim
- Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Noriomi Matsumura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsunehisa Kaku
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kuroda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Nagayoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Kawabata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Iida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jae Weon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael Quinn
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yu S, Liu Q, Han X, Qin S, Zhao W, Li A, Wu K. Development and clinical application of anti-HER2 monoclonal and bispecific antibodies for cancer treatment. Exp Hematol Oncol 2017; 6:31. [PMID: 29209558 PMCID: PMC5704598 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-017-0091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2-targeted immunotherapy consists of monoclonal antibodies (e.g. trastuzumab, pertuzumab), bispecific antibodies (e.g. MM-111, ertumaxomab) and activated T cells armed with anti-HER2 bispecific antibody (HER2Bi-aATC). Trastuzumab is a classic drug for the treatment of HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer. The combined application of pertuzumab, trastuzumab and paclitaxel has been suggested as a standard therapy for HER2 positive advanced breast cancer. The resistance to anti-HER2 antibody has resulted in disease progression. HER2-directed bispecific antibody may be a promising therapeutic approach for these patients. Ertumaxomab enhanced the interaction of immune effector cells and tumor cells. MM-111 simultaneously binds to HER2 and HER3 and blocks downstream signaling. Besides, HER2Bi-aATC is also an alternative therapeutic approach for HER2 positive cancers. In this review, we summarized the recent advancement of HER2-targeted monoclonal antibodies (trastuzumab, pertuzumab and T-DM1) and bispecific antibodies (MM-111, ertumaxomab and HER2Bi-aATC), especially focus on clinical trial results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Weiheng Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 China
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Woo JS, Apple SK, Sullivan PS, Rao JY, Ostrzega N, Moatamed NA. Systematic assessment of HER2/neu in gynecologic neoplasms, an institutional experience. Diagn Pathol 2016; 11:102. [PMID: 27770810 PMCID: PMC5075405 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2/neu overexpression and/or amplification has been widely studied in a number of solid tumors, primarily in the breast. In gynecologic neoplasms, determination of HER2/neu status has not been well studied as a predictive biomarker in anti-HER2/neu treatment. METHODS We systematically evaluated the HER2/neu reactions by immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization in malignant gynecologic neoplasms as experienced in our institution. RESULTS The HER2/neu overexpression or amplification occurred in 8 % of the cancers of the gynecological organs in our series. Majority of the HER2/neu overexpression and/or amplification occurred in clear cell (27 %) and serous (11 %) carcinomas. HER2/neu positivity was also seen in undifferentiated as well as in mixed clear cell and serous carcinomas. Discordant IHC and FISH results (positive by FISH but not IHC) was seen in 2 cases. Majority of the HER2/neu overexpression and/or amplification occurs in the endometrium rather than the ovary. Heterogeneity of the HER2/neu by IHC staining was in < 2 % of the tumors in our series. CONCLUSIONS We recommend the HER2/neu studies on Müllerian carcinomas of clear cell, serous, and undifferentiated types, particularly when they arise in the endometrium. Since there are some discordant IHC/FISH results, we also propose performing the HER2/neu testing by FISH when the IHC score is less than 3 + .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Woo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, BOX 951732, 1P-241 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA
| | - Sophia K Apple
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, BOX 951732, 1P-241 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA
| | - Peggy S Sullivan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, BOX 951732, 1P-241 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA
| | - Jian-Yu Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, BOX 951732, 1P-241 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA
| | - Nora Ostrzega
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, BOX 951732, 1P-241 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Science, Olive View Medical Center, Sylmar, CA, 91342, USA
| | - Neda A Moatamed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, BOX 951732, 1P-241 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA.
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18
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Tan J, Yang S, Shen P, Sun H, Xiao J, Wang Y, Wu B, Ji F, Yan J, Xue H, Zhou D. C-kit signaling promotes proliferation and invasion of colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma in a murine model. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27037-48. [PMID: 26356816 PMCID: PMC4694972 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It was reported that the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family often highly expressed in several mucinous carcinomas. In the present study, we established a murine model of colorectal mucinous adenocardinoma (CRMAC) by treating C57 mice [both wild type (WT) and loss-of-function c-kit mutant type (Wads-/-)] with AOM+DSS for 37 weeks and found that c-kit, a member of RTK family, clearly enhanced the tumor cell proliferation by decreasing p53 and increasing cyclin D1 through AKT pathway. Significantly, c-kit strongly promoted tumor cell invasiveness by increasing ETV4, which induced MMP7 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via ERK pathway. In vitro up- or down-regulating c-kit activation in human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells further consolidated these results. In conclusion, our data suggested that the c-kit signaling obviously promoted proliferation and invasion of CRMAC. Therefore, targeting the c-kit signaling and its downstream molecules might provide the potential strategies for treatment of patients suffering from CRMAC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Ping Shen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Haimei Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Yaxi Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Fengqing Ji
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xue
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Deshan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
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19
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Pattern of HER-2 Gene Amplification and Protein Expression in Benign, Borderline, and Malignant Ovarian Serous and Mucinous Neoplasms. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2016; 36:50-57. [PMID: 27309616 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Amplification of HER-2 gene and overexpression of HER-2 receptor play a significant role in the progression of a number of malignancies such as breast cancer. Trastuzumab (anti-HER-2 therapeutic agent) has been used successfully in treatment of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of HER-2 gene amplification and of HER-2 receptor expression in a spectrum of serous and mucinous ovarian tumors to determine whether HER-2 is altered in these neoplasms similar to that occurring in breast cancer. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded microarray tissue sections from 212 specimens were stained with HER-2 antibody using immunohistochemistry and with anti-HER-2 DNA probe using chromogenic in situ hybridization. Specimens consisted of 65 benign tumors (50 serous and 15 mucinous), 26 borderline (13 serous and 13 mucinous), 73 malignant tumors (53 serous carcinoma and 20 mucinous carcinoma), 18 metastatic deposits (13 serous and 5 mucinous), in addition to 30 normal tissues (16 ovarian surface and 14 normal fallopian tube). HER-2 protein-positive expression was not detected in the normal or the benign tissues. Borderline neoplasms showed positive staining, but no overexpression. HER-2 overexpression was seen only in 4 carcinoma specimens: 1/53 (1.8%) primary serous carcinomas and 3/20 (15%) primary mucinous carcinomas. HER-2 gene amplification was seen in 4 specimens: 2 primary mucinous carcinomas and 2 malignant deposits of these 2 mucinous carcinomas. In conclusion, alteration of HER-2 was not detected in ovarian serous neoplasms; however, in mucinous carcinoma, HER-2 amplification and overexpression occur.
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20
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Xu W, Rush J, Rickett K, Coward JIG. Mucinous ovarian cancer: A therapeutic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 102:26-36. [PMID: 27083591 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucinous ovarian cancer represents approximately 3% of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). Despite this seemingly low prevalence, it remains a diagnostic and therapeutic conundrum that has resulted in numerous attempts to adopt novel strategies in managing this disease. Anecdotally, there has been a prevailing notion that established gold standard systemic regimens should be substituted for those utilised in cancers such as gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies; tumours that share more biological similarities than other EOC subtypes. This review summarises the plethora of small studies which have adopted this philosophy and influenced the design of the multinational GOG142 study, which was ultimately terminated due to poor accrual. To date, there is a paucity of evidence to support delivering 'GI style' chemotherapy for mucinous ovarian cancer over and above carboplatin-paclitaxel doublet therapy. Hence there is an urge to develop studies focused on targeted therapeutic agents driven by refined mutational analysis and conducted within the context of harmonised international collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Mater Health Services, Raymond Terrace, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Jack Rush
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kirsty Rickett
- UQ/Mater McAuley Library, The University of Queensland Library, Brisbane 4101, Australia
| | - Jermaine I G Coward
- Mater Health Services, Raymond Terrace, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
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21
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Sun Z, Shi Y, Shen Y, Cao L, Zhang W, Guan X. Analysis of different HER-2 mutations in breast cancer progression and drug resistance. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2691-701. [PMID: 26305917 PMCID: PMC4687700 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies over the last two decades have identified that amplified human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER‐2; c‐erbB‐2, neu) and its overexpression have been frequently implicated in the carcinogenesis and prognosis in a variety of solid tumours, especially breast cancer. Lots of painstaking efforts were invested on the HER‐2 targeted agents, and significantly improved outcome and prolonged the survival of patients. However, some patients classified as ‘HER‐2‐positive’ would be still resistant to the anti‐HER‐2 therapy. Various mechanisms of drug resistance have been illustrated and the alteration of HER‐2 was considered as a crucial mechanism. However, systematic researches in regard to the HER‐2 mutations and variants are still inadequate. Notably, the alterations of HER‐2 play an important role in drug resistance, but also have a potential association with the cancer risk. In this review, we summarize the possible mutations and focus on HER‐2 variants’ role in breast cancer tumourigenesis. Additionally, the alteration of HER‐2, as a potential mechanism of resistance to trastuzumab, is discussed here. We hope that HER‐2 related activating mutations could potentially offer more therapeutic opportunities to a broader range of patients than previously classified as HER‐2 overexpressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Omar N, Yan B, Salto-Tellez M. HER2: An emerging biomarker in non-breast and non-gastric cancers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathog.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Boulbes DR, Arold ST, Chauhan GB, Blachno KV, Deng N, Chang WC, Jin Q, Huang TH, Hsu JM, Brady SW, Bartholomeusz C, Ladbury JE, Stone S, Yu D, Hung MC, Esteva FJ. HER family kinase domain mutations promote tumor progression and can predict response to treatment in human breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:586-600. [PMID: 25435280 PMCID: PMC4815926 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to HER2-targeted therapies remains a major obstacle in the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. Understanding the molecular pathways that contribute to the development of drug resistance is needed to improve the clinical utility of novel agents, and to predict the success of targeted personalized therapy based on tumor-specific mutations. Little is known about the clinical significance of HER family mutations in breast cancer. Because mutations within HER1/EGFR are predictive of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in lung cancer, we investigated whether mutations in HER family kinase domains are predictive of response to targeted therapy in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. We sequenced the HER family kinase domains from 76 HER2-overexpressing invasive carcinomas and identified 12 missense variants. Patients whose tumors carried any of these mutations did not respond to HER2 directed therapy in the metastatic setting. We developed mutant cell lines and used structural analyses to determine whether changes in protein conformation could explain the lack of response to therapy. We also functionally studied all HER2 mutants and showed that they conferred an aggressive phenotype and altered effects of the TKI lapatinib. Our data demonstrate that mutations in the finely tuned HER kinase domains play a critical function in breast cancer progression and may serve as prognostic and predictive markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine R Boulbes
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Departments of Center for Biomolecular Structure and Function, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav B Chauhan
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Korina V Blachno
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nanfu Deng
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Quanri Jin
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jung-Mao Hsu
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samuel W Brady
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chandra Bartholomeusz
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John E Ladbury
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Departments of Center for Biomolecular Structure and Function, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9jT, UK
| | - Steve Stone
- Myriad Genetics, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francisco J Esteva
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, 160 E. 34th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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24
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Targeting HER2 in ovarian and uterine cancers: Challenges and future directions. Gynecol Oncol 2014; 135:364-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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25
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Missaoui N, Abdelkarim SB, Ayachi M, Hmissa S, Yaacoubi MT. HER2 expression in ovarian mucinous carcinomas in Tunisia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:8121-5. [PMID: 25338994 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.19.8121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian mucinous carcinoma has a poor prognosis in advanced stages and a poor response to conventional chemotherapy. An efficient treatment is not yet available. We heere investigated HER2 expression and the potential for trastuzumab therapy in ovarian mucinous tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 27 ovarian mucinous tumors including 14 carcinomas and 13 borderline tumors diagnosed in the Pathology Department, Farhet Hached Hospital, Sousse, between 1993 and 2013. The HercepTest (DAKO) was used for immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HER2 expression was observed in only one borderline tumor (7.7%) and in 14.3% of mucinous carcinomas of the ovary. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that trastuzumab therapy would be an option for patients with mucinous carcinoma when the tumor has HER2 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabiha Missaoui
- Research Unit03/UR/08-13, Cancer Epidemiology and Cytopathology in Tunisian Center, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia E-mail :
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26
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HER2/neu: an increasingly important therapeutic target. Part 2: Distribution of HER2/neu overexpression and gene amplification by organ, tumor site and histology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4155/cli.14.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Yan M, Parker BA, Schwab R, Kurzrock R. HER2 aberrations in cancer: implications for therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2014; 40:770-80. [PMID: 24656976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although anti-HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) therapy is currently approved for breast, gastric, and gastroesophageal cancers overexpressing the HER2 protein or amplified for the HER2 gene, HER2 aberrations (gene amplification, gene mutations, and protein overexpression) are reported in other diverse malignancies. Indeed, about 1-37% of tumors of the following types harbor HER2 aberrations: bladder, cervix, colon, endometrium, germ cell, glioblastoma, head and neck, liver, lung, ovarian, pancreas, and salivary duct. Four HER2-targeted therapies have been approved for HER2-positive breast cancer: two antibodies (trastuzumab and pertuzumab), an antibody-drug conjugate (ado-trastuzumab emtansine), and a small molecule kinase inhibitor (lapatinib). In addition, afatinib, a small molecule kinase inhibitor that causes irreversible inhibition of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and HER2, was recently approved for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. A large number of novel HER2-targeted agents are also in clinical trials. Herein we discuss the state of the art in understanding and targeting HER2 across anatomic tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Moores Cancer Center, United States.
| | - Barbara A Parker
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Moores Cancer Center, United States
| | - Richard Schwab
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Moores Cancer Center, United States
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Moores Cancer Center, United States
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28
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Conklin CMJ, Gilks CB. Differential diagnosis and clinical relevance of ovarian carcinoma subtypes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/eog.12.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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29
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Anglesio MS, Kommoss S, Tolcher MC, Clarke B, Galletta L, Porter H, Damaraju S, Fereday S, Winterhoff BJ, Kalloger SE, Senz J, Yang W, Steed H, Allo G, Ferguson S, Shaw P, Teoman A, Garcia JJ, Schoolmeester JK, Bakkum-Gamez J, Tinker AV, Bowtell DD, Huntsman DG, Gilks CB, McAlpine JN. Molecular characterization of mucinous ovarian tumours supports a stratified treatment approach with HER2 targeting in 19% of carcinomas. J Pathol 2013; 229:111-20. [PMID: 22899400 DOI: 10.1002/path.4088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MCs) typically do not respond to current conventional therapy. We have previously demonstrated amplification of HER2 in 6 of 33 (18.2%) mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MCs) and presented anecdotal evidence of response with HER2-targeted treatment in a small series of women with recurrent HER2-amplified (HER2+) MC. Here, we explore HER2 amplification and KRAS mutation status in an independent cohort of 189 MCs and 199 mucinous borderline ovarian tumours (MBOTs) and their association to clinicopathological features. HER2 status was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), FISH, and CISH, and interpreted per ASCO/CAP guidelines, with intratumoural heterogeneity assessment on full sections, where available. KRAS mutation testing was performed with Sanger sequencing. Stage and grade were associated with recurrence on both univariate and multivariate analysis (p < 0.001). Assessment of HER2 status revealed overexpression/amplification of HER2 in 29/154 (18.8%) MCs and 11/176 (6.2%) MBOTs. There was excellent agreement between IHC, FISH, and CISH assessment of HER2 status (perfect concordance of HER2 0 or 1+ IHC with non-amplified status, and 3+ IHC with amplified status). KRAS mutations were seen in 31/71 (43.6%) MCs and 26/33 (78.8%) MBOTs, and were near mutually exclusive of HER2 amplification. In the 189 MC cases, a total of 54 recurrences and 59 deaths (53 of progressive disease) were observed. Within MCs, either HER2 amplification/overexpression or KRAS mutation was associated with decreased likelihood of disease recurrence (p = 0.019) or death (p = 0.0041) when compared to cases with neither feature. Intratumoural heterogeneity was noted in 26% of HER2-overexpressing cases. These data support the stratification of MCs for the testing of new treatments, with HER2-targeted therapy as a viable option for HER2+ advanced or recurrent disease. Further research is required to delineate the molecular and clinical features of the ∼34% of MC cases with neither HER2 amplification nor KRAS mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Anglesio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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30
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Abstract
This review focuses on the current drug-delivery modalities in R&D, as well as commercially available. Intelligent drug-delivery systems are described as novel technological innovations and clinical approaches to improve conventional treatments. These systems differ in methodology of therapeutic administration, intricacy, materials and patient compliance to address numerous clinical conditions that require various pharmacological therapies. These systems have been primarily described as active and passive microelectrical mechanical system devices, injectors and nanoparticle-based therapies, optimized to tailor specific pharmacokinetic profiles. The most critical considerations for the design of these intelligent delivery systems include the controlled release, target specificity, on-demand dosage adjustment, mass transfer and stability of the pharmacological agents. Drug-delivery systems continue to be developed and enhanced to provide better and more sophisticated treatments, promising an improvement in quality of life and extension of life expectancy.
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31
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Hunter SM, Gorringe KL, Christie M, Rowley SM, Bowtell DD, Campbell IG. Pre-Invasive Ovarian Mucinous Tumors Are Characterized by CDKN2A and RAS Pathway Aberrations. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:5267-77. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Hillig T, Thode J, Breinholt MF, Franzmann MB, Pedersen C, Lund F, Mygind H, Sölétormos G, Rudnicki M. Assessing HER2 amplification by IHC, FISH, and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (real-time PCR) following LCM in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue from 40 women with ovarian cancer. APMIS 2012; 120:1000-7. [PMID: 23030524 PMCID: PMC3533780 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2012.02929.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We compare HER2 receptor amplification analysis by immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) DNA copy-number assay following laser capture microdissection (LCM) in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue from 40 women with verified ovarian cancer. We speculate that LCM should result in a more accurate assessment of HER2 amplification in our real-time PCR assay compared with IHC and FISH. HER2 overexpression measured by IHC, FISH, or real-time PCR was found in 5.0%, 5.0%, and 22.5%, respectively. HER2 negative results measured by IHC, FISH, or real-time PCR were found in 95%, 92.5%, and 60.0%, respectively. Analysis failed for IHC, FISH, or real-time PCR in 0%, 2.5%, or 17.5% of cases. Concordance between IHC and FISH, IHC and real-time PCR, or FISH and real-time PCR were 89.7%, 72.7%, or 78.1%, respectively. Only few ovarian cancer patients were HER2 overexpressed measured by IHC or FISH and thus could be eligible for antibody-based therapy with trastuzumab (Herceptin). Interestingly, we find an increased number of HER2 positive patients by real-time PCR analysis on microdissected cancer cells, suggesting a number of HER2 positive patients not detected by current methods. Thus, the concept of quantitative measurement of HER2 on microdissected cancer cells should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thore Hillig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hillerød Hospital University of Copenhagen, 3400 Hillerød, Denmark.
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33
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Han CP, Chen CK, Lin CK, Wang PH, Chiang H. Unusual c-KIT (+) squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix showing remarkable platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha subunit expression, but no activating mutation. Histopathology 2012; 59:788-90. [PMID: 22014059 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.03956.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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