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Chen J, Huang Q, Li YQ, Li Z, Zheng J, Hu W, Yang Y, Wu D, Bei JX, Gu B, Wang J, Li Y. Comparative single-cell analysis reveals heterogeneous immune landscapes in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction and gastric adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:15. [PMID: 38182569 PMCID: PMC10770337 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) is a type of tumor that arises at the anatomical junction of the esophagus and stomach. Although AEG is commonly classified as a subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), the tumor microenvironment (TME) of AEG remains poorly understood. To address this issue, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on tumor and adjacent normal tissues from four AEG patients and performed integrated analysis with publicly available GAC single-cell datasets. Our study for the first time comprehensively deciphered the TME landscape of AEG, where heterogeneous AEG malignant cells were identified with diverse biological functions and intrinsic malignant nature. We also depicted transcriptional signatures and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires for T cell subclusters, revealing enhanced exhaustion and reduced clone expansion along the developmental trajectory of tumor-infiltrating T cells within AEG. Notably, we observed prominent enrichment of tumorigenic cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the AEG TME compared to GAC. These CAFs played a critical regulatory role in the intercellular communication network with other cell types in the AEG TME. Furthermore, we identified that the accumulation of CAFs in AEG might be induced by malignant cells through FGF-FGFR axes. Our findings provide a comprehensive depiction of the AEG TME, which underlies potential therapeutic targets for AEG patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jierong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qunsheng Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi-Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Jiabin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weixian Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuesheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Deqing Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Junjiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Heran M, Renaud F, Louvet C, Piessen G, Voron T, Lefèvre M, Dubreuil O, André T, Svrcek M, Cohen R. Impact of mismatch repair deficiency on tumour regression grade after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in localized gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:276-282. [PMID: 35780065 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with mismatch repair (MMR) deficient (dMMR) localized gastric and oeso-gastric junction (OGJ) adenocarcinoma is subject of debate. Histological response assessment might help to better evaluate the impact of dMMR on response to NAC. METHODS Patients with localized gastric/OGJ adenocarcinoma resected after NAC were retrospectively identified. MMR protein expression status was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The primary objective was the frequency of histological responders to NAC defined by tumour regression grade (TRG) using Mandard's (TRG1-2) and Becker's (TRG1) classifications, according to the MMR status. RESULTS In total, 247 patients with 43 dMMR and 204 pMMR gastric/OGJ adenocarcinoma were identified. Among dMMR tumours, 18 (42%) arose from the OGJ. Histological response (Becker TRG1-2) was observed for 28% and 35% of dMMR and pMMR tumours, respectively (p = 0.35). Similar results were observed with Mandard classification. With a median follow-up of 37.5 months, median disease-free and overall survival were not reached for the dMMR group. CONCLUSION Histological response after NAC in patients with localized dMMR gastric/OGJ adenocarcinoma is not statistically different to those with pMMR tumours. This study provides additional data for the discussion about avoiding NAC in patients with dMMR gastric/OGJ adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Heran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, Paris 75012, France.
| | - Florence Renaud
- Department of Pathology, Claude Huriez University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Louvet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Piessen
- CHU Lille, Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Claude Huriez Hospital, Lille F-59000, France; CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Thibault Voron
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Marine Lefèvre
- Department of Pathology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Dubreuil
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses Croix Saint Simon, Paris, France
| | - Thierry André
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP; SIRIC CURAMUS, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Department of Pathology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP; SIRIC CURAMUS, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Romain Cohen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP; SIRIC CURAMUS, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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Intratumoral heterogeneity affects tumor regression and Ki67 proliferation index in perioperatively treated gastric carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:375-386. [PMID: 36347963 PMCID: PMC9902476 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is a major problem in gastric cancer (GC). We tested Ki67 and tumor regression for ITH after neoadjuvant/perioperative chemotherapy. METHODS 429 paraffin blocks were obtained from 106 neoadjuvantly/perioperatively treated GCs (one to five blocks per case). Serial sections were stained with Masson's trichrome, antibodies directed against cytokeratin and Ki67, and finally digitalized. Tumor regression and three different Ki67 proliferation indices (PI), i.e., maximum PI (KiH), minimum PI (KiL), and the difference between KiH/KiL (KiD) were obtained per block. Statistics were performed in a block-wise (all blocks irrespective of their case-origin) and case-wise manner. RESULTS Ki67 and tumor regression showed extensive ITH in our series (maximum ITH within a case: 31% to 85% for KiH; 4.5% to 95.6% for tumor regression). In addition, Ki67 was significantly associated with tumor regression (p < 0.001). Responders (<10% residual tumor, p = 0.016) exhibited prolonged survival. However, there was no significant survival benefit after cut-off values were increased ≥20% residual tumor mass. Ki67 remained without prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS Digital image analysis in tumor regression evaluation might help overcome inter- and intraobserver variability and validate classification systems. Ki67 may serve as a sensitivity predictor for chemotherapy and an indicator of ITH.
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Determinants of clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a sub-analysis of the PRODIGY study. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:1039-1049. [PMID: 35920999 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-022-01325-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this post hoc analysis of the PRODIGY study, we aimed to investigate factors associated with survival outcomes and provide evidence for designing optimal perioperative treatment strategies for gastric cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 212 patients in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group of the PRODIGY study were included as the study population. The prognostic impact of clinicopathologic factors, including the initial radiological clinical stage (cStage) and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy pathological stage (ypStage), was analyzed. RESULTS The median age was 58 years. The majority of patients (77.4%) had cStage III disease, and about 10% and 25% had ypStage 0 and I disease, respectively. According to the initial cStage, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly different (P < 0.01). PFS and OS were also different according to the ypStage (P < 0.01). In multivariate analyses, cStage IIIC disease (vs. cStage II) and ypStage II and III disease (vs. ypStage 0/I) were independent factors for poor survival outcomes. Based on the patterns of PFS and OS according to both cStage and ypStage, three patient groups were defined. These groups showed distinct PFS and OS (P < 0.01) with 5-year PFS rates of 95.7%, 77.9%, and 31.3% and 5-year OS rates of 95.7%, 82.4%, and 42.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both initial cStage and ypStage were independent factors for survival outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Efforts should be made to develop optimal peri-operative treatment strategies for patients at different risks according to cStage and ypStage.
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Liu ZN, Wang YK, Zhang L, Jia YN, Fei S, Ying XJ, Zhang Y, Li SX, Sun Y, Li ZY, Ji JF. Comparison of tumor regression grading systems for locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:2161-2179. [PMID: 35070049 PMCID: PMC8713316 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.2161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current tumor regression grade (TRG) evaluations are based on various systems which brings confusion for oncologists and pathologists when interpreting results. The recent six-tier system (JGCA2017-TRG) recommended by the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) is worth investigating, as four-tier TRG systems are favored in various parts of the world.
AIM To compare the predictive accuracies of five published TRG systems.
METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by D2 Lymphadenectomy between January 2005 and January 2014 at our institution. Outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), which were evaluated separately using the following TRG systems: JGCA2017, JGCA, Becker, AJCC/CAP, and Mandard.
RESULTS All five published TRG systems were independent predictors for OS and DFS. Concordance indices of the JGCA2017, JGCA, Becker, AJCC/CAP-TRG, and Mandard systems were 0.651/0.648 0.652/0.649, 0.693/0.695, 0.688/0.685, and 0.674/0.675 for OS and DFS, respectively. The four-tier Becker system showed the highest c-index, which was significantly greater than that of the six-tier JGCA2017 and five-tier JGCA systems (P < 0.05 in OS and DFS). When residual tumor percentages were reset as: “no residual tumor”, < 10%, < 100%, and “no response”, the rearranged cutoff values achieved a maximum c-index with 0.728 for OS and 0.737 for DFS, which was superior to the other five systems.
CONCLUSION The newly introduced six-tier JGCA-TRG system cannot increase prognostic stratification. The four-tier Becker system is more suitable for LAGC patients. A population-based study is warranted to define the optimal criterion for TRG in LAGC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yin-Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yong-Ning Jia
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Shan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xiang-Ji Ying
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Zi-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jia-Fu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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Tsekrekos A, Vieth M, Ndegwa N, Bateman A, Flejou JF, Grabsch HI, Mastracci L, Meijer SL, Saragoni L, Sheahan K, Shetye J, Yantiss R, Lundell L, Detlefsen S. Interobserver agreement of a gastric adenocarcinoma tumor regression grading system that incorporates assessment of lymph nodes. Hum Pathol 2021; 116:94-101. [PMID: 34284051 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative chemotherapy is increasingly used in combination with surgery for the treatment of patients with locally advanced, resectable gastric cancer. Histologic tumor regression grade (TRG) has emerged as an important prognostic factor; however, a common standard for its evaluation is lacking. Moreover, the clinical significance of regressive changes in metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) remains unclear. We conducted an international study to examine the interobserver agreement of a TRG system that is based on the Becker system for the primary tumors and additionally incorporates regression grading in LNs. Twenty observers at different levels of experience evaluated the TRG in 60 histologic slides (30 primary tumors and 30 LNs) based on the following criteria: for primary tumors, grade 1 represented complete response (no residual tumor), grade 2 represented <10%, grade 3 represented 10-50%, and grade 4 represented >50% residual tumor, as described by Becker et al. For LNs, grade "a" represented complete, grade "b" represented partial, and grade "c" represented no regression. The interobserver agreement was estimated using the Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W). Regarding primary tumors, agreement was good irrespective of the level of experience, reaching a W-value of 0.70 overall, 0.71 among subspecialized, and 0.71 among nonsubspecialized observers. Regarding LNs, interobserver agreement was moderate to good, with W-values of 0.52 overall, 0.64 among subspecialized, and 0.45 among nonsubspecialized observers. These findings indicate that the combination of the Becker TRG system with a three-tiered grading of regression in LNs generates a system that is reproducible. Future studies should investigate whether the additional information of TRG in LNs adds to the prognostic value of histologic regression grading in gastric cancer specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrianos Tsekrekos
- Department of Upper Abdominal Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 57 Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nelson Ndegwa
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adrian Bateman
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jean-François Flejou
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Heike I Grabsch
- Department of Pathology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands; Division of Pathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS & Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Sybren L Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luca Saragoni
- Pathology Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - Kieran Sheahan
- Department of Pathology, St Vincent's University Hospital & UCD School of Medicine, Dublin 4, D04 T6F4, Ireland
| | - Jayant Shetye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 57 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rhonda Yantiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lars Lundell
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Sönke Detlefsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
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Histopathologic Response Is a Positive Predictor of Overall Survival in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant/Perioperative Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancers-Analysis from a Large Single Center Cohort in Germany. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082244. [PMID: 32796715 PMCID: PMC7465424 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of neoadjuvant/perioperative chemotherapy (NCT) for gastro-esophageal cancer (GEC) on overall survival. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of multimodal treatments in a large single center cohort. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients treated with NCT, followed by intended curative oncological surgery for locally advanced gastric cancer. Uni- and multivariate regression analysis were performed to identify the predictors of overall survival. From over 3000 patients, 702 eligible patients were analyzed. In the univariate analysis clinical stage, application of preoperative PLF, requirement of surgical extension, UICC-stage, grading, R-status, Lauren histotype, and HPR were the prognostic survival factors. In multivariate analysis PLF regimen, UICC-stages, R-status, Lauren histotype, and histopathologic regression (HPR) were significant predictors of overall survival. Overall HPR-rate was 26.9%. HPR was highest in the cT2cN0 stage (55.9%), and lowest in the cT3/4 cN+ stage (21.6%). FLOT demonstrated the highest HPR (37.5%). Independent predictors for HPR were the clinical stage and grading. Kaplan Meier analyses demonstrated significant survival benefits for the responding patients (p < 0.0001). HPR after NCT was an important prognostic factor to predict overall survival for locally advanced GEC. FLOT should be the preferred regimen in patients undergoing NCT ahead of surgery.
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Reim D, Novotny A, Friess H, Slotta‐Huspenina J, Weichert W, Ott K, Dislich B, Lorenzen S, Becker K, Langer R. Significance of tumour regression in lymph node metastases of gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 6:263-272. [PMID: 32401432 PMCID: PMC7578278 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The presence of lymph node (LN) metastases is one of the most important negative prognostic factors in upper gastrointestinal carcinomas. Tumour regression similar to that in primary tumours can be observed in LN metastases after neoadjuvant therapy. We evaluated the prognostic impact of histological regression in LNs in 480 adenocarcinomas of the stomach and gastro‐oesophageal junction after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Regressive changes in LNs (nodular and/or hyaline fibrosis, sheets of foamy histiocytes or acellular mucin) were assessed by histology. In total, regressive changes were observed in 128 of 480 patients. LNs were categorised according to the absence or presence of both residual tumour and regressive changes (LN−/+ and Reg−/+). 139 cases were LN−/Reg−, 28 cases without viable LN metastases revealed regressive changes (LN−/Reg+), 100 of 313 cases with LN metastases showed regressive changes (LN+/Reg+), and 213 of 313 metastatic LN had no signs of regression (LN+/Reg−). Overall, LN/Reg categorisation correlated with overall survival with the best prognosis for LN−/Reg− and the worst prognosis for LN+/Reg− (p < 0.001). LN−/Reg+ cases had a nearly significant better outcome than LN+/Reg+ (p = 0.054) and the latter had a significantly better prognosis than LN+/Reg− (p = 0.01). The LN/Reg categorisation was also an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis (HR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.1–1.38; p < 0.001). We conclude that the presence of regressive changes after neoadjuvant treatment in LNs and LN metastases of gastric and gastro‐oesophageal junction cancers is a relevant prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Reim
- Department of SurgeryKlinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM School of MedicineMunichGermany
| | - Alexander Novotny
- Department of SurgeryKlinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM School of MedicineMunichGermany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of SurgeryKlinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM School of MedicineMunichGermany
| | | | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of PathologyTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Katja Ott
- RoMed Klinikum RosenheimRosenheimGermany
| | | | - Sylvie Lorenzen
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Medical OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of MedicineMunichGermany
| | - Karen Becker
- Institute of PathologyTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Rupert Langer
- Institute of PathologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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Agnes A, Biondi A, Laurino A, Strippoli A, Ricci R, Pozzo C, Persiani R, D'Ugo D. A detailed analysis of the recurrence timing and pattern after curative surgery in patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy or upfront surgery for gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol 2020; 122:293-305. [PMID: 32350878 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether the administration of neoadjuvant therapy (NAD) affects the incidence, timing, and pattern of recurrence in patients treated by curative gastrectomy. METHODS Sixty-nine patients undergoing NAD and R0 gastrectomy were compared with 198 patients undergoing upfront surgery using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. Disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free survival (PFS) analyses were conducted with a log-rank test and Cox regression. Risk factors for recurrence were assessed by logistic regression. RESULTS Among 69 patients with NAD, 28 (40.6%) experienced recurrence, and signet-ring cell (SRC) carcinoma was the only factor independently associated with recurrence. In the whole sample, NAD did not influence DFS, DSS, rate of recurrence, or PFS. After PSM, the variables associated with DFS were cN1, type of gastrectomy, the presence of SRCs, and the presence of lymphovascular invasion. Variables independently associated with recurrence were cN1, type of gastrectomy, and the presence of SRCs. CONCLUSIONS NAD had no impact on DFS, DSS, or the pattern of recurrence in any patients with gastric cancer. To define a better treatment strategy, future studies should focus on subtypes that do not respond to the current neoadjuvant regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Agnes
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Chirurgia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Biondi
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Chirurgia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Laurino
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Chirurgia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonia Strippoli
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Chirurgia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo Pozzo
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Chirurgia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Persiani
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Chirurgia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Ugo
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Chirurgia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Derieux S, Svrcek M, Manela S, Lagorce-Pages C, Berger A, André T, Taieb J, Paye F, Voron T. Evaluation of the prognostic impact of pathologic response to preoperative chemotherapy using Mandard's Tumor Regression Grade (TRG) in gastric adenocarcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:107-114. [PMID: 31427088 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative chemotherapy is the gold standard in gastric cancer management. The prognostic significance of pathological response has been investigated in many malignancies, using Tumor Regression Grade (TRG). Its prognostic value in gastric cancer remains poorly known. AIMS This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of pathological response to chemotherapy, using Mandard's TRG in gastric cancer, and to identify factors predictive of response to chemotherapy. METHODS We retrospectively identified patients with gastric adenocarcinoma from two institutional surgical databases, with preoperative chemotherapy and subsequent gastrectomy. Pathological response was centrally reviewed using Mandard's TRG. RESULTS From 325 patients resected from a gastric cancer between 1997 and 2016, 109 underwent a preoperative chemotherapy. 42% were pathologic responders (TRG1-3) and 58% non-responders (TRG4-5). Five-years overall survival (OS) was 35% for non-responders, and 73% for responders (p = 0,006). Five-years disease-free survival (DFS) was 34% for non-responders and 65% for responders (p = 0,013). In multivariate analysis, pathological response was an independent prognostic factor of poor OS: HR = 2.736 (CI95% = 1.335-5.608; p = 0.006) and DFS: HR = 2.241 (CI95% = 1.130-4.446; p = 0.021). CONCLUSION TRG after preoperative chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor in patients resected for a gastric adenocarcinoma. Further studies should be performed to evaluate if adjuvant therapy should be adapted to pathological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Derieux
- Sorbonne University, Digestive surgery department, AP-HP, St Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Sorbonne University, Department of pathology, AP-HP, St Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Manela
- Department of pathology, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Anne Berger
- Digestive surgery department, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Thierry André
- Sorbonne University, Medical oncology department, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Julien Taieb
- Digestive oncology department, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François Paye
- Sorbonne University, Digestive surgery department, AP-HP, St Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Thibault Voron
- Sorbonne University, Digestive surgery department, AP-HP, St Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
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11
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Petrioli R, Marrelli D, Roviello F, D'Ignazio A, Torre P, Chirra M, Savelli V, Ambrosio MR, Francini G, Calomino N, Farsi M, Vernillo R, Francini E. Pathological response and outcome after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with DOC (docetaxel, oxaliplatin, capecitabine) or EOF (epirubicin, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil) for clinical T3-T4 non-metastatic gastric cancer. Surg Oncol 2019; 32:2-7. [PMID: 31670056 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this prospective observational study, we sought to compare the efficacy and safety of docetaxel + oxaliplatin + capecitabine (DOC) with epirubicin + oxaliplatin + 5-fluouracil (EOF) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for clinical T3 or T4 non-metastatic gastric cancer (GC) patients. METHODS The DOC NAC consisted of docetaxel 35 mg/m2 (days 1-8), oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 (day 1), and capecitabine 750 mg/m2 twice daily (days 1-14), every 3 weeks. The EOF NAC consisted of intravenous (IV) epirubicin 50 mg/m2 combined with IV oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on day 1 and continuous infusion 5-fluouracil 750 mg/m2 on days 1-5, every 3 weeks. After 4 cycles of NAC or upon progression during chemotherapy, patients underwent gastrectomy with standard D2 or D3 lymphadenectomy. Pathological complete response rate per Becker tumor regression grading system was the primary endpoint and the secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (2-yr PFS) and 2-year overall survival (2-yr OS) and tolerability. RESULTS Overall, we identified 63 patients with T3-4 non-metastatic GC starting either NAC regimen between January 2010 and December 2017 at our Institution: 34 in the DOC group and 29 in EOF group. Thirty patients (88%) in the DOC group and 22 (76%) in the EOF group completed the 4 planned cycles of NAC. Fifty-seven patients received surgery. Results indicated no statistical significant differences between the two groups, and only a trend for some better data in favour of the DOC group. The R0 resection rate was 90.6% and 88.0% for the DOC and EOF cohorts, respectively. The pathological complete response rate was 6.2% in the DOC group and 4.0% in the EOF group. Becker 1-2 pathological response was found in 46.8% of the DOC cohort and 28.0% of the EOF cohort (p = .14). The 2-yr PFS rate was 54.1% for DOC vs. 41.4% for EOF (p = .14) and the 2-yr OS rate was 80.8% for DOC vs. 58.6% for EOF (p = .05). Neutropenia was the most common grade ≥3 toxicity and occurred in 8 (23.5%) patients of the DOC group and 10 (34.4%) patients of the EOF group (p = .33). CONCLUSIONS These findings seem to confirm the feasibility of NAC for clinically T3 and T4 non-metastatic GC and, despite no statistical significant difference was documented, suggest a trend for better activity and tolerability for the docetaxel-based regimen (DOC) compared to the epirubicin-based combination (EOF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Petrioli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - Daniele Marrelli
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Alessia D'Ignazio
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Pamela Torre
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Martina Chirra
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Vinno Savelli
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, University of Siena, Italy
| | | | - Guido Francini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Natale Calomino
- Clinical Surgery, Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Farsi
- Dept Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Remo Vernillo
- Clinical Surgery and Surgical Endoscopy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Edoardo Francini
- La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Oncology Unit, Misericordia Hospital, Grosseto, Italy
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12
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Kawai S, Shimoda T, Nakajima T, Terashima M, Omae K, Machida N, Yasui H. Pathological response measured using virtual microscopic slides for gastric cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5334-5343. [PMID: 31558877 PMCID: PMC6761243 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i35.5334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pathological response is a common endpoint used to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for gastric cancer, the problem of a low rate of concordance from evaluations among pathologists remains unresolved. Moreover, there is no globally accepted consensus regarding the optimal evaluation. A previous study based on a clinical trial suggested that pathological response measured using digitally captured virtual microscopic slides predicted patients’ survival well. However, the pathological concordance rate of this approach and its usefulness in clinical practice were unknown.
AIM To investigate the prognostic utility of pathological response measured using digital microscopic slides in clinical practice.
METHODS We retrospectively evaluated pathological specimens of gastric cancer patients who underwent NAC followed by surgery and achieved R0 resection between March 2009 and May 2015. Residual tumor area and primary tumor beds were measured in one captured image slide, which contained the largest diameter of the resected specimens. We classified patients with < 10% residual tumor relative to the primary tumorous area as responders, and the rest as non-responders; we then compared overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) between these two groups. Next, we compared the prognostic utility of this method using conventional Japanese criteria.
RESULTS Fifty-four patients were evaluated. The concordance rate between two evaluators was 96.2%. Median RFS of 25 responders and 29 non-responders was not reached (NR) vs 18.2 mo [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.35, P = 0.023], and median OS was NR vs 40.7 mo (HR = 0.3, P = 0.016), respectively. This prognostic value was statistically significant even after adjustment for age, eastern cooperative oncology group performance status, macroscopic type, reason for NAC, and T- and N-classification (HR = 0.23, P = 0.018). This result was also observed even in subgroup analyses for different macroscopic types (Borrmann type 4/non-type 4) and histological types (differentiated/undifferentiated). Moreover, the adjusted HR for OS between responders and non-responders was lower in this method than that in the conventional histological evaluation of Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma criteria (0.23 vs 0.39, respectively).
CONCLUSION The measurement of pathological response using digitally captured virtual microscopic slides may be useful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadayuki Kawai
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-gun 411-8777, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Shimoda
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-gun 411-8777, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakajima
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-gun 411-8777, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masanori Terashima
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Nagaizumi 411-0932, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Omae
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-gun 411-8777, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nozomu Machida
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-gun 411-8777, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yasui
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-gun 411-8777, Shizuoka, Japan
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Coccolini F, Fugazzola P, Ansaloni L, Sartelli M, Cicuttin E, Leandro G, De' Angelis GL, Gaiani F, Di Mario F, Tomasoni M, Catena F. Advanced gastric cancer: the value of systemic and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2018; 89:104-109. [PMID: 30561427 PMCID: PMC6502214 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v89i8-s.7904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several possibilities in treating advanced gastric cancer exist. Radical surgery associated with chemotherapy represents the cornerstone. Which one is more effective among neoadjuvant, adjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy is still a matter of debate. Several innovative results showed the necessity to keep increasingly into consideration the intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapies. Moreover, classical drugs and their ways of administration should be combined with the new ones to improve results. Lastly the prevention of recurrence should be considered: one possibility is to administer intraperitoneal chemotherapy earlier in the therapeutic algorithm. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Coccolini
- Emergency, General and Trauma Surgery dept., Bufalini hospital, Cesena, Italy.
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The role of definitive chemoradiation in patients with non-metastatic oesophageal cancer. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2018; 36-37:53-59. [PMID: 30551857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Definitive chemoradiation (dCRT) is a curative treatment option for patients with oesophageal cancer. It is effective in both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. However, locoregional control is less after dCRT compared to preoperative CRT (pCRT) followed by surgery. Also, overall survival is lower compared to pCRT followed by surgery, which can only partly be explained by a negative selection of patients. The optimal dose of radiotherapy remains to be determined, but dose escalation above 50.4Gy might be beneficial. Cisplatinum/5-FU is the most applied concurrent chemotherapy, but carboplatin/paclitaxel seems equally effective with less toxicity. The addition of 5-FU to a taxane and platinum seems promising. Accelerated fractionation and addition of cetuximab did not improve results. dCRT is a successful treatment for regional lymph node recurrences, but less so for recurrences at the anastomotic site. Re-irradiation after prior curative radiotherapy yields poor results. dCRT can be safely used in carefully selected elderly.
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15
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Influence of the surgical technique on survival in the treatment of carcinomas of the true cardia (Siewert Type II) - Right thoracoabdominal vs. transhiatal-abdominal approach. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 45:416-424. [PMID: 30396809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is still a matter of debate whether subtotal esophagectomy via a right thoracoabdominal approach (RTA) or extended gastrectomy using a transhiatal-abdominal approach (TH) is the favorable technique in the treatment of Siewert type II esophago-gastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients undergoing RTA or TH for EJA at our institution between 2000 and 2013 were extracted from a prospective database. Of 270 patients 91 (33.7%) underwent RTA and 179 (66.3%) were treated by TH. Differences in baseline characteristics, 30d mortality and complications were investigated using the χ2-test or exact testing. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log rank testing. Median survival and hazard ratios were calculated and multivariable analysis of predictors was performed using a Cox model. Confounders were balanced using propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS No significant difference between the two procedures was detected regarding overall-survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). 30d mortality rates were 1.1% in the RTA group and 4.5% in the TH group (p = 0.134). Morbidity was 34.1% in the RTA and 24.6% in the TH group (p = 0.006). Cox regression analysis identified age, ASA class and UICC stage as independent prognostic factors for OS. After PSM survival curves (OS + PFS) showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION The present study could not detect a difference between RTA and TH from the oncologic point of view; RTA was not associated with higher 30d mortality. RTA for Siewert Type II EJA is justified whenever the oral tumor margin cannot be safely reached via a transhiatal approach.
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Yang B, Shi C, Lin X, Wang X, Chen Q. Retrospective study on efficacy of a paclitaxel combined with a leucovorin and fluorouracil regimen for advanced gastric cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 105:509-515. [PMID: 30157713 DOI: 10.1177/0300891618792481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of paclitaxel combined with a leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil regimen (PLF regimen; q2w) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for advanced gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 183 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent 3 cycles of PLF regimen chemotherapy before surgery and received surgery 2 weeks after chemotherapy were enrolled as a treatment group. A total of 184 patients with advanced gastric cancer and no NCT during the same period were enrolled as the controls and treated with surgery. Both groups underwent a D2 radical gastrectomy and the standard postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Results: In the NCT group, there were 19 cases of complete remission, 86 cases of partial remission, 72 cases of stable disease, and 6 cases of progressive disease, with an overall response rate of 57.4%. The R0 resection rate was higher than in the control group (85.2% vs 61.4%, p < .05). In the NCT group, 12 cases of esophagogastric cancer (20.7%) showed complete remission and 32 cases (55.2%) showed partial remission, while 7 cases of distal gastric cancer (5.6%) showed complete remission and 54 cases (43.2%) showed partial remission. Pathologic complete remission was higher for esophagogastric cancer than for distal gastric cancer (20.7% vs 3.2%, p < .05). Differences were found between the NCT and control groups in terms of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall and disease-free survival. Conclusion: The PLF regimen showed good tolerability and a high response rate, especially for esophagogastric cancer. This regimen reduced the tumor size, lowered the tumor stage, and improved the R0 resection rate and survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Chunmei Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Xinli Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
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Biondi A, Agnes A, Del Coco F, Pozzo C, Strippoli A, D'Ugo D, Persiani R. Preoperative therapy and long-term survival in gastric cancer: One size does not fit all. Surg Oncol 2018; 27:575-583. [PMID: 30217321 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The administration of perioperative chemotherapy represents the Western standard of care for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. The aim of this study is to determine if the administration of the preoperative component of the perioperative regimen is beneficial in the entire population of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. METHODS Seventy patients undergoing preoperative therapy were compared with 347 patients undergoing upfront gastrectomy. Survival analyses were conducted with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression. Patients undergoing preoperative therapy or undergoing upfront gastrectomy were matched 1:1 using the propensity score matching (PSM) method, and a survival analysis was conducted on matched patients. A subgroup analysis was conducted by tumor location and Lauren histotype. RESULTS In patients undergoing preoperative therapy, factors significantly associated with survival were T and N downstaging, type of gastrectomy, resection status and Lauren histotype. Preoperative therapy was not significantly associated with survival (p = 0,761 before PSM and p = 0,519 after PSM). After PSM, the independent variables significantly associated with survival were type of gastrectomy, type of lymphadenectomy, R status and postoperative therapy. In the subgroup analysis, preoperative therapy demonstrated a selective association with the location of the tumor (p = 0,055) and with Lauren intestinal histotype (p = 0,002). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative therapy had a non-significant impact on survival in the entire population of gastric cancer patients. The advantage of preoperative therapy seems to be limited to patients with proximal tumors and an intestinal histology. Future studies should better evaluate the diverse response of the different phenotypes of gastric cancer to preoperative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Biondi
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito n. 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Agnes
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito n. 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Del Coco
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito n. 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo Pozzo
- Polo Scienze Oncologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito n. 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonia Strippoli
- Polo Scienze Oncologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito n. 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Ugo
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito n. 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Persiani
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito n. 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
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Prognostic differences in 8th edition TNM staging of esophagogastric adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant treatment. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 44:1646-1656. [PMID: 30082176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognostic differences between pTN- and ypTN-categories and the prognostic accuracy of the 8th edition UICC-pTNM- and AJCC-ypTNM-staging-system for esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma are unclear. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data of 740 patients with esophagogastric adenocarcinoma, who underwent curative surgery (344 after neoadjuvant treatment [NT]) at our institution. Survival analyses were performed according to Kaplan-Meier (log-rank test). Multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS Low ypT-categories did not discriminate overall survival (ypT0: reference; ypT1: HR1.0/p = 0.909; ypT2: HR0.9/p = 0.845; ypT3: HR1.5/p = 0.184; ypT4: HR2.8/p = 0.004) and no difference was found between ypN1- and ypN2-disease (ypN0: HR0.4/p < 0.001; ypN1: reference; ypN2: HR1.1/p = 0.653; ypN3: HR1.7/p = 0.014). In esophageal adenocarcinoma the UICC-TNM- and AJCC-ypTNM-staging-system was able to predict survival for patients after NT, while in gastric cancer it failed to provide sufficient prognostic information. A simplified staging system provided better stratification after NT and was an independent prognosticator for both esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma (stage I: reference; stage II: HR2.2/p = 0.005; stage III: HR4.1/p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Prognostic value of ypTN-categories seems limited. After NT the current UICC/AJCC-staging-system is able to predict survival in esophageal adenocarcinoma, but needs to be reevaluated in gastric cancer patients and modified if needed. A novel simplified staging system might be more practicable for patients after NT.
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Schneider PM, Eshmuminov D, Rordorf T, Vetter D, Veit-Haibach P, Weber A, Bauerfeind P, Samaras P, Lehmann K. 18FDG-PET-CT identifies histopathological non-responders after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric and cardia cancer: cohort study. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:548. [PMID: 29743108 PMCID: PMC5944162 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCTX) is a prognostic factor in many cancer types, and early prediction would help to modify treatment. In patients with gastric and esophagogastric junction (AEG) cancer, the accuracy of FDG PET-CT to predict early pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCTX) is currently not known. Methods From a consecutive cohort of 72 patients, 44 patients with resectable, locally-advanced gastric cancer or AEG Siewert type II and III received neoCTX after primary staging with endoscopic ultrasound, PET-CT and laparoscopy. Overall, 14 patients did not show FDG uptake, and the remaining 30 were restaged by PET-CT 14 days after the first cycle of neoCTX. Metabolic response was defined as decrease of tumor standardized uptake value (SUV) by ≥35%. Major pathologic regression was defined as less than 10% residual tumor cells. Results Metabolic response after neoCTX was detected in 20/30 (66.7%), and non-response in 10/30 (33.3%) patients. Among metabolic responders, n = 10 (50%) showed major and n = 10 (50%) minor pathologic regression. In non-responders, n = 9 (90%) had minor and 1 (10%) a major pathologic regression. This resulted in a sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity 47.3%, positive predictive value 50%, negative predictive value 90% and accuracy of 63.3%. Conclusion Response PET-CT after the first cycle of neoCTX does not accurately predict overall pathologic response. However, PET-CT reliably detects non-responders, and identifies patients who should either immediately proceed to resection or receive a modified multimodality therapy. Trial registration The trial was registered and approved by local ethics committee PB_2016–00769.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Schneider
- Center for Visceral, Thoracic and specialized Tumor Surgery, Hirslanden Medical Center, Witellikerstrasse 40, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Dilmurodjon Eshmuminov
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tamara Rordorf
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diana Vetter
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Achim Weber
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Bauerfeind
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Kuno Lehmann
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Neves Filho EHC, Pires APB, de Sant'Ana RO, Rabenhorst SHB, Hirth CG, da Cunha MDPSS. The association among HER2, MET and FOXP3 expression and tumor regression grading in gastric adenocarcinoma. APMIS 2018; 126:389-395. [PMID: 29696715 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although the introduction of the perioperative chemotherapy on the management of gastric cancer has improved patients survival, heterogeneity of clinical outcomes has been evidenced in parallel to different histopathological regression pattern of gastric cancer cells. Thus, this study evaluated the tumor regression grading (TRG) in a series of post-treatment gastric tumors and its associations with HER2, MET, and FOXP3 expression. Material of 54 gastric cancer samples was available for TRG evaluation and immunohistochemistry. We found that total and subtotal pathologic response were significantly associated to the intestinal subtype (p = 0.04) and that well-differentiated tumors were significantly correlated with total or partial response (p = 0.019). Although not associated with the TRG, FOXP3 expression in gastric tumors was associated to poorly differentiated tumors (p = 0.03), to the diffuse and mixed subtypes together (p = 0.04) and to the presence of vascular infiltration (p = 0.04), while HER2 overexpression was associated to better differentiated cases (p = 0.04) and to the absence of vascular infiltration (p = 0.02). MET expression, however, showed no association with the analyzed clinicopathological factors. This study highlights the role of tissue differentiation on pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer and shows no impact between FOXP3, HER2 and MET expression in terms of TRG.
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Achilli P, De Martini P, Ceresoli M, Mari GM, Costanzi A, Maggioni D, Pugliese R, Ferrari G. Tumor response evaluation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: a prospective, multi-center cohort study. J Gastrointest Oncol 2017; 8:1018-1025. [PMID: 29299362 PMCID: PMC5750190 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2017.08.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To verify the prognostic value of the pathologic and radiological tumor response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS A total of 67 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (clinical ≥ T2 or nodal disease and without evidence of distant metastases) underwent perioperative chemotherapy (ECF or ECX regimen) from December 2009 through June 2015 in two surgical units. Histopathological and radiological response to chemotherapy were evaluated by using tumor regression grade (TRG) (Becker's criteria) and volume change assessed by CT. RESULTS Fifty-one (86%) patients completed all chemotherapy scheduled cycles successfully and surgery was curative (R0) in 64 (97%) subjects. The histopathological analysis showed 19 (29%) specimens with TRG1 (less than 10% of vital tumor left) and 25 (37%) patients had partial or complete response (CR) assessed by CT scan. Median disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 25.70 months (range, 14.52-36.80 months) and 36.60 months (range, 24.3-52.9 months), respectively. The median follow up was 27 months (range, 5.00-68.00 months). Radiological response and TRG were found to be a prognostic factor for OS and DFS, while tumor histology was not significantly related to survival. CONCLUSIONS Both radiological response and TRG have been shown as promising survival markers in patients treated with perioperative chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer. Other predictive markers of response to chemotherapy are strongly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Achilli
- Università degli studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Sforza, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo De Martini
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Oncologica Mininvasiva, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, Milano (MI), Italy
| | - Marco Ceresoli
- Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI), Italy
| | - Giulio M. Mari
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale, Ospedale di Desio, Via Mazzini 1, Desio, Italy
| | - Andrea Costanzi
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale, Ospedale di Desio, Via Mazzini 1, Desio, Italy
| | - Dario Maggioni
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale, Ospedale di Desio, Via Mazzini 1, Desio, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Oncologica Mininvasiva, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, Milano (MI), Italy
| | - Giovanni Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Oncologica Mininvasiva, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, Milano (MI), Italy
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Bringeland EA, Wasmuth HH, Grønbech JE. Perioperative chemotherapy for resectable gastric cancer - what is the evidence? Scand J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:647-653. [PMID: 28276825 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2017.1293727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The UK MAGIC trial published in 2006 was the first RCT to identify improved long-term survival rates using preoperative chemotherapy for resectable gastric or gastroesophageal cancer. Overnight, the treatment regimen impacted European guidelines. However, the majority of patients underwent limited lymph node dissection, and analyses of the rates of curative resection, downsizing and downstaging were not by intention to treat, rightfully raising concerns about their validity. For the subset of true gastric cancers, meta-analyses may even question the claims of improved long-term survival rates by present-day regimens. A rhetorical question can be posed as to whether downstaging and improved survival rates by preoperative (radio)-chemotherapy for cancers of the distal esophagus or gastric cardia, has confounded our conclusions on the (lack of) effect of present-day regimens of perioperative chemotherapy for true gastric cancers, let alone in a situation with proper lymph node dissection. At present, a plea can be made to move one step back and revert to an RCT with a surgery alone arm. Inclusion criteria and analyses of future RCTs must stratify on tumor location and the Lauren type and embrace the newly developed scheme of sub-classification of gastric cancers based on extensive molecular profiling as reported in the seminal Cancer Genome Atlas Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erling A Bringeland
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Hans H Wasmuth
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Jon E Grønbech
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital , Trondheim , Norway.,b Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
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23
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Tumor regression grading of gastrointestinal cancers after neoadjuvant therapy. Virchows Arch 2017; 472:175-186. [PMID: 28918544 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy has been successfully introduced in the treatment of locally advanced gastrointestinal malignancies, particularly esophageal, gastric, and rectal cancers. The effects of preoperative chemo- or radiochemotherapy can be determined by histopathological investigation of the resection specimen following this treatment. Frequent histological findings after neoadjuvant therapy include various amounts of residual tumor, inflammation, resorptive changes with infiltrates of foamy histiocytes, foreign body reactions, and scarry fibrosis. Several tumor regression grading (TRG) systems, which aim to categorize the amount of regressive changes after cytotoxic treatment in primary tumor sites, have been proposed for gastroesophageal and rectal carcinomas. These systems primarily refer to the amount of therapy-induced fibrosis in relation to the residual tumor (e.g., the Mandard, Dworak, or AJCC systems) or the estimated percentage of residual tumor in relation to the previous tumor site (e.g., the Becker, Rödel, or Rectal Cancer Regression Grading systems). TRGs provide valuable prognostic information, as in most cases, complete or subtotal tumor regression after neoadjuvant treatment is associated with better patient outcomes. This review describes the typical histopathological findings after neoadjuvant treatment, discusses the most commonly used TRG systems for gastroesophageal and rectal carcinomas, addresses the limitations and critical issues of tumor regression grading in these tumors, and describes the clinical impact of TRG.
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Samm N, Novotny A, Friess H, Reim D. Different regimens of perioperative chemotherapy for esophagogastric and gastric adenocarcinoma: does a triplet therapy with taxane generate a survival benefit? Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 2:25. [PMID: 28447060 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2017.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Samm
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Novotny
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Reim
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Neves Filho EHC, de Sant'Ana RO, Nunes LVSC, Pires APB, da Cunha MDPSS. Histopathological regression of gastric adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant therapy: a critical review. APMIS 2017; 125:79-84. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Chemoradiotherapy in tumours of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2016; 30:551-63. [PMID: 27644904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer remains a malignancy with a poor prognosis. However, in the recent 10-15 years relevant progress has been made by the introduction of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for tumours of the oesophagus or gastro-oesophageal junction. The addition of neo-adjuvant CRT to surgery has significantly improved survival and locoregional control, for both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. For irresectable or medically inoperable patients, definitive CRT has changed the treatment intent from palliative to curative. Definitive CRT is a good alternative for radical surgery in responding patients with squamous cell carcinoma and those running a high risk of surgical morbidity and mortality. For patients with an out-of-field solitary locoregional recurrence after primary curative treatment, definitive CRT can lead to long term survival.
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Hoeppner J, Lordick F, Brunner T, Glatz T, Bronsert P, Röthling N, Schmoor C, Lorenz D, Ell C, Hopt UT, Siewert JR. ESOPEC: prospective randomized controlled multicenter phase III trial comparing perioperative chemotherapy (FLOT protocol) to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CROSS protocol) in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (NCT02509286). BMC Cancer 2016; 16:503. [PMID: 27435280 PMCID: PMC4952147 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent randomized controlled trials comparing neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus surgery or perioperative chemotherapy plus surgery with surgery alone showed significant survival benefits for combined modality treatment of patients with localized esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, head-to-head comparisons of neoadjuvant chemoradiation and perioperative chemotherapy applying contemporary treatment protocols are lacking. The present trial was initiated to obtain valid information whether neoadjuvant chemoradiation or perioperative chemotherapy yields better survival in the treatment of localized esophageal adenocarcinoma. Methods/design The ESOPEC trial is an investigator-initiated multicenter prospective randomized controlled two-arm trial, comparing the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CROSS protocol: 41.4Gy plus carboplatin/paclitaxel) followed by surgery versus perioperative chemotherapy and surgery (FLOT protocol: 5-FU/leucovorin/oxaliplatin/docetaxel) for the curative treatment of localized esophageal adenocarcinoma. Patients with cT1cN + cM0 and cT2-4acNxcM0 esophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma are eligible. The trial aims to include 438 participants who are centrally randomized to one of the two treatment groups in a 1:1 ratio stratified by N-stage and study site. The primary endpoint of the trial is overall survival assessed with a minimum follow-up of 36 months. Secondary objectives are progression-free survival, recurrence-free survival, site of failure, postoperative morbidity and mortality, duration of hospitalization as well as quality of life. Discussion The ESOPEC trial compares perioperative chemotherapy according to the FLOT protocol to neoadjuvant chemoradiation according to the CROSS protocol in multimodal treatment of non-metastasized recectable adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and the gastroesophageal junction. The goal of the trial is identify the superior protocol with regard to patient survival, treatment morbidity and quality of life. Trial registration NCT02509286 (July 22, 2015) Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2564-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hoeppner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Lordick
- University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University Medicine Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Torben Glatz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bronsert
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Röthling
- Clinical Trials Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Schmoor
- Clinical Trials Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Lorenz
- Department of Surgery, Sana Medical Center Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Christian Ell
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sana Medical Center Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Ulrich T Hopt
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
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Kim YW, Joo J, Yoon HM, Eom BW, Ryu KW, Choi IJ, Kook MC, Schuhmacher C, Siewert JR, Reim D. Different survival outcomes after curative R0-resection for Eastern Asian and European gastric cancer: Results from a propensity score matched analysis comparing a Korean and a German specialized center. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4261. [PMID: 27428238 PMCID: PMC4956832 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several retrospective analyses on patients who underwent gastric cancer (GC) surgery revealed different survival outcomes between Eastern (Korean, Japanese) and Western (USA, Europe) countries due to potential ethnical and biological differences. This study investigates treatment outcomes between specialized institution for GC in Korea and Germany.The prospectively documented databases of the Gastric Cancer Center of the National Cancer Center, Korea (NCCK) and the Department of Surgery of the Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM), Germany were screened for patients who underwent primary surgical resection for GC between 2002 and 2008. Baseline characteristics were compared using χ testing, and 2 cohorts were matched using a propensity score matching (PSM) method. Patients' survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used for comparison.Three thousand seven hundred ninety-five patients were included in the final analysis, 3542 from Korea and 253 from Germany. Baseline characteristics revealed statistically significant differences for age, tumor location, pT stage, grading, lymphatic vessel infiltration (LVI), comorbidities, number of dissected lymph nodes (LN), postoperative complications, lymph-node ratio stage, and application of adjuvant chemotherapy. After PSM, 171 patients in TUM were matched to NCCK patients, and baseline characteristics for both cohorts were well balanced. Patients in Korea had significantly longer survival than those in Germany both before and after PSM. When the analysis was performed for each UICC stage separately, same trend was found over all UICC stages before PSM. However, significant difference in survival was observed only for UICC I after PSM.This analysis demonstrates different survival outcomes after surgical treatment of GC on different continents in specialized centers after balancing of baseline characteristics by PSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Woo Kim
- Center for Gastric Cancer, Research Institute & Hospital
| | - Jungnam Joo
- Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Man Yoon
- Center for Gastric Cancer, Research Institute & Hospital
| | - Bang Wool Eom
- Center for Gastric Cancer, Research Institute & Hospital
| | - Keun Won Ryu
- Center for Gastric Cancer, Research Institute & Hospital
| | - Il Ju Choi
- Center for Gastric Cancer, Research Institute & Hospital
| | | | - Christoph Schuhmacher
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Joerg Ruediger Siewert
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
- University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Reim
- Center for Gastric Cancer, Research Institute & Hospital
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: Daniel Reim, Chirurgische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany (e-mail: )
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29
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Coccolini F, Montori G, Ceresoli M, Cima S, Valli MC, Nita GE, Heyer A, Catena F, Ansaloni L. Advanced gastric cancer: What we know and what we still have to learn. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:1139-1159. [PMID: 26811653 PMCID: PMC4716026 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common neoplastic disease and, more precisely, is the third leading cause of cancer death in the world, with differences amongst geographic areas. The definition of advanced gastric cancer is still debated. Different stadiating systems lead to slightly different stadiation of the disease, thus leading to variations between the single countries in the treatment and outcomes. In the present review all the possibilities of treatment for advanced gastric cancer have been analyzed. Surgery, the cornerstone of treatment for advanced gastric cancer, is analyzed first, followed by an investigation of the different forms and drugs of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. New frontiers in treatment suggest the growing consideration for intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutics and combination of traditional drugs with new ones. Moreover, the necessity to prevent the relapse of the disease leads to the consideration of administering intraperitoneal chemotherapy earlier in the therapeutical algorithm.
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30
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Selcukbiricik F, Sag AA, Kanıtez M, Bilici A, Mandel NM. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy for patients with gastric cancer: Current concepts and outcomes. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jons.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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31
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Biondi A, Lirosi MC, D’Ugo D, Fico V, Ricci R, Santullo F, Rizzuto A, Cananzi FCM, Persiani R. Neo-adjuvant chemo(radio)therapy in gastric cancer: Current status and future perspectives. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 7:389-400. [PMID: 26690252 PMCID: PMC4678386 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v7.i12.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years, several clinical trials on neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy as a therapeutic approach for locally advanced gastric cancer have been performed. Even if more data are necessary to define the roles of these approaches, the results of preoperative treatments in the combined treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma are encouraging because this approach has led to a higher rate of curative surgical resection. Owing to the results of most recent randomized phase III studies, neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced resectable gastric cancer has satisfied the determination of level I evidence. Remaining concerns pertain to the choice of the optimal therapy regimen, strict patient selection by accurate pre-operative staging, standardization of surgical procedures, and valid criteria for response evaluation. New well-designed trials will be necessary to find the best therapeutic approach in pre-operative settings and the best way to combine old-generation chemotherapeutic drugs with new-generation molecules.
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32
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Huang PM, Chen CN. Therapeutic strategies for esophagogastric junction cancer. FORMOSAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjs.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Nienhueser H, Kunzmann R, Sisic L, Blank S, Strowitzk MJ, Bruckner T, Jäger D, Weichert W, Ulrich A, Büchler MW, Ott K, Schmidt T. Surgery of gastric cancer and esophageal cancer: Does age matter? J Surg Oncol 2015; 112:387-95. [PMID: 26303645 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the past, elderly patients with upper GI cancers were excluded from surgery or multimodal treatment only due to their advanced age. In an aging society this way of patient selection seems to be questionable. The aim of this retrospective exploratory study was to investigate how patients with upper GI cancer over the age of 70 years differ from younger patients in the postoperative course and which parameters influence overall survival in older patient populations. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 2002 to 2012 1,005 patients underwent resection of esophageal or gastric cancer at the University of Heidelberg. 272 patients were older than 70 years and analyzed in subgroups (70-74 years: n = 146; 75-79 years: n = 82; 80 years or older: n = 44). Patients older than 70 years were compared to patients under 70 years (n = 733) with focus on differences in patients characteristics and outcome. Statistical analyses were made retrospectively on a prospective database. RESULTS Fewer older patients were treated neoadjuvantly (< 70 years: 41.5%; > 70 years: 24.7%, P < 0.001) and extended resection (abdominothoracic approach) was applied less frequently compared to patients under 70 years (< 70 years: 38.9%; > 70 years: 19.9%, P < 0.001). The pNM-category (HR 1.41/2.56) and R-status (HR 1.78) remain the most important predictive factor for survival (all < 0.001). Female patients had a longer survival than men over the age of 70 (84.9 vs. 23.5 months, P < 0.01). Patients over 80 years had a significant shortened overall survival (> 80 years: 16.7 vs. < 70 years: 37.4 months) compared to the other subgroups (P < 0.001) and a significant increased in-hospital mortality (> 80 years: 20.5% vs. < 70 years: 6.0%, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS An exclusion from surgical therapy due to advanced age in general seems not to be justified. However, the decision for a surgical resection in patients over 80 years should be made with caution. pNM-categories and R0-resection remain the most important predictive factors for overall survival in all subgroups. No survival benefit for neoadjuvant treatment in patients over 70 years was found, while women survived longer than men. However, the decision concerning a (radio) chemotherapy should be made individually in each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Nienhueser
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Romy Kunzmann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leila Sisic
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Blank
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz J Strowitzk
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Bruckner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Infomatics IMBI, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Jäger
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Department of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexis Ulrich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus W Büchler
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Ott
- Department of General, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, RoMed Klinikum Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Song BI, Kim HW, Won KS, Ryu SW, Sohn SS, Kang YN. Preoperative Standardized Uptake Value of Metastatic Lymph Nodes Measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT Improves the Prediction of Prognosis in Gastric Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1037. [PMID: 26131811 PMCID: PMC4504549 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed whether preoperative maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) measured by F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) could improve the prediction of prognosis in gastric cancer.One hundred fifty-one patients with gastric cancer and pathologically confirmed LN involvement who had undergone preoperative F-FDG PET/CT prior to curative surgical resection were retrospectively enrolled. To obtain nodal SUVmax, a transaxial image representing the highest F-FDG uptake was carefully selected, and a region of interest was manually drawn on the highest F-FDG accumulating LN. Conventional prognostic parameters and PET findings (primary tumor and nodal SUVmax) were analyzed for prediction of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Furthermore, prognostic accuracy of survival models was assessed using c-statistics.Of the 151 patients, 38 (25%) experienced recurrence and 34 (23%) died during follow-up (median follow-up, 48 months; range, 5-74 months). Twenty-seven patients (18%) showed positive F-FDG nodal uptake (range, 2.0-22.6). In these 27 patients, a receiver-operating characteristic curve demonstrated a nodal SUVmax of 2.8 to be the optimal cutoff for predicting RFS and OS. The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that nodal SUVmax (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.71, P < 0.0001), pathologic N (pN) stage (HR = 2.58, P = 0.0058), and pathologic T (pT) stage (HR = 1.77, P = 0.0191) were independent prognostic factors for RFS. Also, nodal SUVmax (HR = 2.80, P < 0.0001) and pN stage (HR = 2.28, P = 0.0222) were independent prognostic factors for OS. A predictive survival model incorporating conventional risk factors (pT/pN stage) gave a c-statistic of 0.833 for RFS and 0.827 for OS, whereas a model combination of nodal SUVmax with pT/pN stage gave a c-statistic of 0.871 for RFS (P = 0.0355) and 0.877 for OS (P = 0.0313).Nodal SUVmax measured by preoperative F-FDG PET/CT is an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS. Combining nodal SUVmax with pT/pN staging can improve survival prediction precision in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Il Song
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (B-IS, HWK, KSW); Department of Surgery (SWR, SSS); and Department of Pathology (YNK), Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Determination of the optimal cutoff percentage of residual tumors to define the pathological response rate for gastric cancer treated with preoperative therapy (JCOG1004-A). Gastric Cancer 2015; 18:597-604. [PMID: 24968818 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-014-0401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological response rate (pathRR) is a common endpoint used to assess the efficacy of preoperative therapy for gastric cancer. PathRR is estimated based on the percentage of the residual tumor area in the primary tumorous bed. Various cutoff definitions used in previous trials (e.g., 10, 33, 40, 50, 67 %) often impair the comparability of pathRRs between trials. METHODS Individual patient data were used from four JCOG trials evaluating preoperative chemotherapy (JCOG0001, JCOG0002, JCOG0210, JCOG0405). Pathological specimens were evaluated from 173 out of 188 patients (92 %) who underwent surgery. Residual tumor area and primary tumorous beds were traced on a virtual microscopic slide by one pathologist and another confirmed these areas. The hazard ratio (HR) in overall survival was calculated for each cutoff percentage by stratified Cox regression analysis, including the study as a stratification factor, and concordance probability estimates (CPE) were calculated. RESULTS The numbers of patients with 0%, 1-10 %, 11-33 %, 34-50 %, 51-66 %, and 67-100 % residual tumors were 8, 35, 33, 27, 23, and 47, respectively. HRs in 10, 33, 50, and 67 % cutoffs were 1.91, 1.70, 1.55, and 1.71 for the overall population, and CPEs were 0.56, 0.56, 0.55, and 0.55, respectively. In patients with R0 resection, HRs in 10, 33, 50, and 67 % cutoffs were 1.87, 1.54, 1.24, and 1.38, and CPEs were 0.56, 0.55, 0.52, and 0.52. In subgroup analyses, the 10 % cutoff did not predict survival well for type 4 (linitis plastica) tumors. CONCLUSIONS The 10 % cutoff should be the global standard cutoff of %residual tumor to determine pathRR. PathRR might not be recommended for clinical trials where the main subjects are type 4 tumors.
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Springfeld C, Wiecha C, Kunzmann R, Heger U, Weichert W, Langer R, Stange A, Blank S, Sisic L, Schmidt T, Lordick F, Jäger D, Grenacher L, Bruckner T, Büchler MW, Ott K. Influence of Different Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens on Response, Prognosis, and Complication Rate in Patients with Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22 Suppl 3:S905-14. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Blank S, Lordick F, Bader F, Burian M, Dobritz M, Grenacher L, Becker K, Weichert W, Langer R, Sisic L, Stange A, Jäger D, Büchler M, Bruckner T, Siewert J, Ott K. Post-therapeutic response evaluation by a combination of endoscopy and CT scan in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma after chemotherapy: better than its reputation. Gastric Cancer 2015; 18:314-25. [PMID: 24722800 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-014-0367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an accepted standard of care for locally advanced esophagogastric cancer. As only a subgroup benefits, a response-based tailored treatment would be of interest. The aim of our study was the evaluation of the prognostic and predictive value of clinical response in esophagogastric adenocarcinomas. METHODS Clinical response based on a combination of endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scan was evaluated retrospectively within a prospective database in center A and then transferred to center B. A total of 686/740 (A) and 184/210 (B) patients, staged cT3/4, cN0/1 underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and were then re-staged by endoscopy and CT before undergoing tumor resection. Of 184 patients, 118 (B) additionally had an interim response assessment 4-6 weeks after the start of chemotherapy. RESULTS In A, 479 patients (70%) were defined as clinical nonresponders, 207 (30%) as responders. Median survival was 38 months (nonresponders: 27 months, responders: 108 months, log-rank, p < 0.001). Clinical and histopathological response correlated significantly (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, clinical response was an independent prognostic factor (HR for death 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.8, p = 0.032). In B, 140 patients (76%) were nonresponders and 44 (24%) responded. Median survival was 33 months, (nonresponders: 27 months, responders: not reached, p = 0.003). Interim clinical response evaluation (118 patients) also had prognostic impact (p = 0.008). Interim, preoperative clinical response and histopathological response correlated strongly (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Preoperative clinical response was an independent prognostic factor in center A, while in center B its prognostic value could only be confirmed in univariate analysis. The accordance with histopathological response was good in both centers, and interim clinical response evaluation showed comparable results to preoperative evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Blank
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany,
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Schulz C, Kullmann F, Kunzmann V, Fuchs M, Geissler M, Vehling-Kaiser U, Stauder H, Wein A, Al-Batran SE, Kubin T, Schäfer C, Stintzing S, Giessen C, Modest DP, Ridwelski K, Heinemann V. NeoFLOT: Multicenter phase II study of perioperative chemotherapy in resectable adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction or gastric adenocarcinoma-Very good response predominantly in patients with intestinal type tumors. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:678-85. [PMID: 25530271 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Perioperative treatment is a standard of care in locally advanced gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) (gastric adenocarcinoma and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma). While preoperative treatment can be applied to the majority of patients, postoperative chemotherapy can be given only to a fraction. The NeoFLOT-study therefore investigates the application of prolonged neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Patients with T3, T4, and/or node-positive adenocarcinoma (GEC) were eligible for this multicenter phase II trial. NACT consisted of 6 cycles of oxaliplatin 85 mg/m(2) , leucovorin 200 mg/m(2) , 5-fluorouracil 2600 mg/m(2) and docetaxel 50 mg/m(2) (FLOT) applied q 2 wks. Application of adjuvant chemotherapy was explicitly not part of the protocol. R0-resection rate was evaluated as a primary endpoint. Of 59 enrolled patients, 50 patients underwent surgery and were assessable for the primary endpoint. R0-resection rate was 86.0% (43/50). Pathologic complete response (pCR) was 20.0% (10/50) and a further 20% (10/50) of patients achieved near complete histological remission (<10% residual tumor). Among these very good responders, 85% (17/20) had intestinal type tumors, 10% (2/20) had diffuse and 5% (1/20) had mixed type tumors. After 3 cycles of NACT, 6.9% (4/58) of patients developed progressive disease. Median disease-free survival was 32.9 months. The 1-year survival-rate was 79.3%. Grade 3-4 toxicities included neutropenia 29.3%, febrile neutropenia 1.7%, diarrhea 12.1% and mucositis 6.9%. This study indicates that intensified NACT with 6 cycles of FLOT is highly effective and tolerable in resectable GEC. Very good response (pCR and <10% residual tumor) was predominantly observed in patients with intestinal type tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schulz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Klinikum Grosshadern and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Kullmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Hospital Nordoberpfalz, Weiden, Germany
| | - Volker Kunzmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Department of Medical Oncology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fuchs
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and GI-Oncology, Hospital Bogenhausen, München, Germany
| | - Michael Geissler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Hospital Esslingen, Esslingen, Germany
| | | | - Heribert Stauder
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Hospital Barmherzige Brüder, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Axel Wein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Kubin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Klinikum Traunstein, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Claus Schäfer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hospital Neumarkt i.d.OPf, Neumarkt i.d.OPf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Klinikum Grosshadern and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens Giessen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Klinikum Grosshadern and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Paul Modest
- Department of Medical Oncology, Klinikum Grosshadern and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Volker Heinemann
- Department of Medical Oncology, Klinikum Grosshadern and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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de Manzoni G, Marrelli D, Verlato G, Morgagni P, Roviello F. Western Perspective and Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer. Gastric Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15826-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Schirren R, Reim D, Novotny AR. Adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant therapy for gastric cancer? A perspective review. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2015; 7:39-48. [PMID: 25553082 DOI: 10.1177/1758834014558839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery is still the only curative therapy for locoregional gastric cancer. Hereby it is important to achieve negative margins (R0 resection) and to perform an adequate lymph-node dissection (D2 lymphadenectomy). Unfortunately most cases of gastric cancer are diagnosed in a locally advanced tumor stage. The poor prognosis of patients with these tumors is due to the frequent recurrences after primary resection in curative intent. This observation led to the development of (neo)adjuvant treatment concepts. Beginning with the end of the 1980s, more and more patients with locally advanced tumors were subjected to a preoperative, perioperative, or postoperative treatment in order to improve the prognosis after curative resection. However, in different regions of the world, different regiments are preferred. While adjuvant chemotherapy is the established treatment in Asia, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy is favored in the USA and perioperative chemotherapy is considered the treatment of choice in Europe. However, recently a certain convergence of the different philosophies is to be observed. This article covers the relevant studies dealing with neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment concepts and gives an overview on the latest developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Reim
- Technische Universität München - Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander R Novotny
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 München, Germany
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Cotton RG, Langer R, Leong T, Martinek J, Sewram V, Smithers M, Swanson PE, Qiao YL, Udagawa H, Ueno M, Wang M, Wei WQ, White RE. Coping with esophageal cancer approaches worldwide. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1325:138-58. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard G.H. Cotton
- Human Variome Project International Limited; Department of Pathology; Florey Neuroscience Institutes; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
| | - Rupert Langer
- Institute of Pathology; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Trevor Leong
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; Melbourne Australia
| | - Jan Martinek
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology; IKEM; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vikash Sewram
- African Cancer Institute; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Stellenbosch University; Tygerberg South Africa
| | | | | | - You-Lin Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology; Cancer Hospital (Institute); Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
| | - Harushi Udagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery; Toranomon Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery; Toranomon Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology; Cancer Hospital (Institute); Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
| | - Wen-Qiang Wei
- Department of Epidemiology; Cancer Hospital (Institute); Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
| | - Russell E. White
- Tenwek Hospital; Bomet Kenya
- Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University; Providence Rhode Island
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Al-Haddad S, Chang AC, De Hertogh G, Grin A, Langer R, Sagaert X, Salemme M, Streutker CJ, Soucy G, Tripathi M, Upton MP, Vieth M, Villanacci V. Adenocarcinoma at the gastroesophageal junction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1325:211-25. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Al-Haddad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto Canada
| | - Andrew C. Chang
- Section of Thoracic Surgery; University of Michigan Medical Center; Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Gert De Hertogh
- Department of Morphology and Molecular Pathology; University Hospitals of K.U. Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Rupert Langer
- Institute of Pathology; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Xavier Sagaert
- Department of Morphology and Molecular Pathology; University Hospitals of K.U. Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Catherine J. Streutker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto Canada
| | - Geneviève Soucy
- Département de Pathologie - Pathologie Gastro-intestinale; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Montréal Canada
| | - Monika Tripathi
- Department of Cellular Pathology; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Melissa P. Upton
- Department of Pathology; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology; Klinikum Bayreuth; Bayreuth Germany
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Xiong BH, Cheng Y, Ma L, Zhang CQ. An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer. Cancer Invest 2014; 32:272-84. [DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2014.911877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Schmidt T, Sicic L, Blank S, Becker K, Weichert W, Bruckner T, Parakonthun T, Langer R, Büchler MW, Siewert JR, Lordick F, Ott K. Prognostic value of histopathological regression in 850 neoadjuvantly treated oesophagogastric adenocarcinomas. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1712-20. [PMID: 24569472 PMCID: PMC3974097 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, histopathological tumour regression, prevalence of signet ring cells, and localisation were reported as prognostic factors in neoadjuvantly treated oesophagogastric (junctional and gastric) cancer. This exploratory retrospective study analyses independent prognostic factors within a large patient cohort after preoperative chemotherapy including clinical and histopathological factors. Methods: In all, 850 patients presenting with oesophagogastric cancer staged cT3/4 Nany cM0/x were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by resection in two academic centres. Patient data were documented in a prospective database and retrospectively analysed. Results: Of all factors prognostic on univariate analysis, only clinical response, complications, ypTNM stage, and R category were independently prognostic (P<0.01) on multivariate analysis. Tumour localisation and signet ring cells were independently prognostic only when investigator-dependent clinical response evaluation was excluded from the multivariate model. Histopathological tumour regression correlates with tumour grading, Laurén classification, clinical response, ypT, ypN, and R categories but was not identified as an independent prognostic factor. Within R0-resected patients only surgical complications and ypTNM stage were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Only established prognostic factors like ypTNM stage, R category, and complications were identified as independent prognostic factors in resected patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In contrast, histopathological tumour regression was not found as an independent prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schmidt
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Sicic
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Blank
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Becker
- Department of Pathology, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - W Weichert
- Department of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Bruckner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Parakonthun
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Langer
- Department of Pathology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M W Büchler
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J-R Siewert
- Directorate, University of Freiburg, 79095 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Lordick
- University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - K Ott
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Heger U, Blank S, Wiecha C, Langer R, Weichert W, Lordick F, Bruckner T, Dobritz M, Burian M, Springfeld C, Grenacher L, Siewert JR, Büchler M, Ott K. Is preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery the appropriate treatment for signet ring cell containing adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction and stomach? Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21:1739-48. [PMID: 24419755 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data suggest primary resection as the preferable approach in patients with signet ring cell gastric cancer (SRC). The aim of our retrospective exploratory study was to evaluate the influence of SRC on prognosis and response in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS A total of 723 locally advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinomas (cT3/4 N any) documented in a prospective database from two academic centers were classified according to the WHO definition for SRC (more than 50 % SRC) and analyzed for their association with response and prognosis after neoadjuvant treatment. RESULTS A total of 235 tumors (32.5 %) contained SRC. Median survival of SRC was 26.3 compared with 46.6 months (p < 0.001) for non-SRC. SRC were significantly associated with female gender, gastric localization, advanced ypT and R1/2 categories, and lower risk of surgical complications and anastomotic leakage (each p < 0.001). Clinical (21.1 vs. 33.7 %, p = 0.001) and histopathological response (less than 10 % residual tumor: 16.3 vs. 28.9 %, p < 0.001) were significantly less frequent in SRC. Clinical response (p = 0.003) and complete histopathological response (pCR) (3.4 %) (p = 0.003) were associated with improved prognosis in SRC. Clinical response, surgical complications, ypTN categories, but not SRC were independent prognostic factors in forward Cox regression analysis in R0 resected patients. Risk of peritoneal carcinomatosis was increased (p < 0.001), while local (p = 0.015) and distant metastases (p = 0.02) were less frequent than in non-SRC. CONCLUSIONS Prognosis of SRC is unfavorable. Although response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is rare in SRC, it is associated with improved outcome. Thus, chemotherapy might not generally be abandoned in SRC. A stratification based on SRC should be included in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Heger
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,
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Sehdev V, Katsha A, Arras J, Peng D, Soutto M, Ecsedy J, Zaika A, Belkhiri A, El-Rifai W. HDM2 regulation by AURKA promotes cell survival in gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 20:76-86. [PMID: 24240108 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suppression of P53 (tumor protein 53) transcriptional function mediates poor therapeutic response in patients with cancer. Aurora kinase A (AURKA) and human double minute 2 (HDM2) are negative regulators of P53. Herein, we examined the role of AURKA in regulating HDM2 and its subsequent effects on P53 apoptotic function in gastric cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Primary tumors and in vitro gastric cancer cell models with overexpression or knockdown of AURKA were used. The role of AURKA in regulating HDM2 and cell survival coupled with P53 expression and activity were investigated. RESULTS Overexpression of AURKA enhanced the HDM2 protein level; conversely, knockdown of endogenous AURKA decreased expression of HDM2 in AGS and SNU-1 cells. Dual co-immunoprecipitation assay data indicated that AURKA was associated with HDM2 in a protein complex. The in vitro kinase assay using recombinant AURKA and HDM2 proteins followed by co-immunoprecipitation revealed that AURKA directly interacts and phosphorylates HDM2 protein in vitro. The activation of HDM2 by AURKA led to induction of P53 ubiquitination and attenuation of cisplatin-induced activation of P53 in gastric cancer cells. Inhibition of AURKA using an investigational small-molecule specific inhibitor, alisertib, decreased the HDM2 protein level and induced P53 transcriptional activity. These effects markedly decreased cell survival in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Notably, analysis of immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays revealed significant overexpression of AURKA and HDM2 in human gastric cancer samples (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Collectively, our novel findings indicate that AURKA promotes tumor growth and cell survival through regulation of HDM2-induced ubiquitination and inhibition of P53. Clin Cancer Res; 20(1); 76-86. ©2013 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Sehdev
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee; Translational Medicine, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts; and Department of Pharmacology, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, New York
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Thies S, Langer R. Tumor regression grading of gastrointestinal carcinomas after neoadjuvant treatment. Front Oncol 2013; 3:262. [PMID: 24109590 PMCID: PMC3791673 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimodal therapy concepts have been successfully implemented in the treatment of locally advanced gastrointestinal malignancies. The effects of neoadjuvant chemo- or radiochemotherapy such as scarry fibrosis or resorptive changes and inflammation can be determined by histopathological investigation of the subsequent resection specimen. Tumor regression grading (TRG) systems which aim to categorize the amount of regressive changes after cytotoxic treatment mostly refer onto the amount of therapy induced fibrosis in relation to residual tumor or the estimated percentage of residual tumor in relation to the previous tumor site. Commonly used TRGs for upper gastrointestinal carcinomas are the Mandard grading and the Becker grading system, e.g., and for rectal cancer the Dworak or the Rödel grading system, or other systems which follow similar definitions. Namely for gastro-esophageal carcinomas these TRGs provide important prognostic information since complete or subtotal tumor regression has shown to be associated with better patient’s outcome. The prognostic value of TRG may even exceed those of currently used staging systems (e.g., TNM staging) for tumors treated by neoadjuvant therapy. There have been some limitations described regarding interobserver variability especially in borderline cases, which may be improved by standardization of work up of resection specimen and better training of histopathologic determination of regressive changes. It is highly recommended that TRG should be implemented in every histopathological report of neoadjuvant treated gastrointestinal carcinomas. The aim of this review is to disclose the relevance of histomorphological TRG to accomplish an optimal therapy for patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Thies
- Institute of Pathology, University Bern , Bern , Switzerland
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Abstract
Surgery is still considered to be the mainstay for the treatment of localized gastric cancer with negative margins (R0-resection) and an adequate lymph-node-dissection (D2-lymphadenectomy). Unfortunately, most cases of gastric cancer are only diagnosed at an advanced stage due to frequent recurrences after primary resection in curative intent. In order to improve prognosis after curative resection, in the recent past, patients with locally advanced tumors were subjected to a pre-, peri-, or postoperative treatment. Interestingly, postoperative chemotherapy has significantly improved survival after gastric resection in Asia, adjuvant radiochemotherapy is favored in North America and perioperative chemotherapy is considered as a treatment of choice in Europe indicating region specific approach towards the treatment. Recently there has also been growing evidence of positive outcomes of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy on patient survival. In the present article, we discuss the concepts of neoadjuvant treatment approach and provide recommendations to surgeons based on current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schuhmacher
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet Muenchen, Muenchen, Germany. ; Diakonie Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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49
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Schuhmacher C, Reim D, Novotny A. Neoadjuvant treatment for gastric cancer. J Gastric Cancer 2013; 13:73-8. [PMID: 23844320 PMCID: PMC3705135 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2013.13.2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery is still considered to be the mainstay for the treatment of localized gastric cancer with negative margins (R0-resection) and an adequate lymph-node-dissection (D2-lymphadenectomy). Unfortunately, most cases of gastric cancer are only diagnosed at an advanced stage due to frequent recurrences after primary resection in curative intent. In order to improve prognosis after curative resection, in the recent past, patients with locally advanced tumors were subjected to a pre-, peri-, or postoperative treatment. Interestingly, postoperative chemotherapy has significantly improved survival after gastric resection in Asia, adjuvant radiochemotherapy is favored in North America and perioperative chemotherapy is considered as a treatment of choice in Europe indicating region specific approach towards the treatment. Recently there has also been growing evidence of positive outcomes of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy on patient survival. In the present article, we discuss the concepts of neoadjuvant treatment approach and provide recommendations to surgeons based on current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schuhmacher
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet Muenchen, Muenchen, Germany. ; Diakonie Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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50
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Lorenzen S, Thuss-Patience P, Al-Batran SE, Lordick F, Haller B, Schuster T, Pauligk C, Luley K, Bichev D, Schumacher G, Homann N. Impact of pathologic complete response on disease-free survival in patients with esophagogastric adenocarcinoma receiving preoperative docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2068-73. [PMID: 23592699 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of pathologic complete response (pCR) on outcome in patients with gastric or esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant docetaxel/platin/fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received at least one cycle of chemotherapy for potentially operable disease. Pretreatment clinicopathologic factors and pCR were investigated. Disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and tumor-related death were correlated with pCR. RESULTS One hundred twenty patients were included in this analysis. Eighteen patients (15%) achieved a pCR. Tumor localization in the EGJ was identified as the only significant predictor of pCR (P = 0.019). Median follow-up was 41.1 months. Median DFS and OS for all patients were 24.1 and 48.6 months, respectively. Median DFS for patients with a pCR was not reached versus 22.1 months non-pCR patients (hazard ratio, HR 0.38; 3-year DFS: 71.8% and 37.7%, respectively, P = 0.018). While OS was not significantly different, the risk for tumor-related death was significantly lower for pCR patients compared with non-pCR patients (3-year cumulative incidences of 6.4% and 45.4%, respectively, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION A pCR following preoperative docetaxel/platin/fluoropyrimidine indicates favorable outcome in patients with gastric or EGJ adenocarcinoma. Tumor location in the EGJ is associated with a higher pCR rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lorenzen
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Medical Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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