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El-Kafrawy SA, El-Daly MM, Bajrai LH, Alandijany TA, Faizo AA, Mobashir M, Ahmed SS, Ahmed S, Alam S, Jeet R, Kamal MA, Anwer ST, Khan B, Tashkandi M, Rizvi MA, Azhar EI. Genomic profiling and network-level understanding uncover the potential genes and the pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:880440. [PMID: 36479247 PMCID: PMC9720179 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.880440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Data integration with phenotypes such as gene expression, pathways or function, and protein-protein interactions data has proven to be a highly promising technique for improving human complex diseases, particularly cancer patient outcome prediction. Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most prevalent cancers, and the most common cause is chronic HBV and HCV infection, which is linked to the majority of cases, and HBV and HCV play a role in multistep carcinogenesis progression. We examined the list of known hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers with the publicly available expression profile dataset of hepatocellular carcinoma infected with HCV from day 1 to day 10 in this study. The study covers an overexpression pattern for the selected biomarkers in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma patients, a combined investigation of these biomarkers with the gathered temporal dataset, temporal expression profiling changes, and temporal pathway enrichment following HCV infection. Following a temporal analysis, it was discovered that the early stages of HCV infection tend to be more harmful in terms of expression shifting patterns, and that there is no significant change after that, followed by a set of genes that are consistently altered. PI3K, cAMP, TGF, TNF, Rap1, NF-kB, Apoptosis, Longevity regulating pathway, signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, p53 signaling, Wnt signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and Hippo signaling pathways are just a few of the most commonly enriched pathways. The majority of these pathways are well-known for their roles in the immune system, infection and inflammation, and human illnesses like cancer. We also find that ADCY8, MYC, PTK2, CTNNB1, TP53, RB1, PRKCA, TCF7L2, PAK1, ITPR2, CYP3A4, UGT1A6, GCK, and FGFR2/3 appear to be among the prominent genes based on the networks of genes and pathways based on the copy number alterations, mutations, and structural variants study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A. El-Kafrawy
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai M. El-Daly
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena H. Bajrai
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir A. Alandijany
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa A. Faizo
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Mobashir
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunbul S. Ahmed
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shoaib Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Raja Jeet
- Botany Department, Ganesh Dutt College, Begusarai, Bihar, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | - Syed Tauqeer Anwer
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Bushra Khan
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Manal Tashkandi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moshahid A. Rizvi
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Esam Ibraheem Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Rashdan S, Iyengar P, Minna JD, Gerber DE. Narrative review: molecular and genetic profiling of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:3351-3368. [PMID: 34430372 PMCID: PMC8350108 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objectives of this review are to discuss: the definition, clinical and biologic features of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as the concept of treating oligoprogression in oligometastatic NSCLC. Background A substantial proportion of patients diagnosed with lung cancer present with metastatic disease, and a large portion of patients who present with localized disease later develop metastases. Oligometastatic NSCLC is defined as an intermediate state between localized and widespread metastatic disease, where there may be a role for curative localized therapy approach by treating the primary tumor and all metastases with radiotherapy or surgery. Despite the increasing application of this approach in patients with lung cancer, the identification of patients who might benefit from this approach is yet to be well characterized. Methods After a systematic review of the literature, a PubMed search was performed using the English language and the key terms: oligometastatic, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), localized consolidative treatment (LCT), biomarkers, biologic features, clinical features. Over 500 articles were retrieved between 1889–2021. A total of 178 papers discussing the definition, clinical and biologic factors leading to oligometastatic NSCLC were reviewed and included in the discussion of this paper. Conclusions Oligometastatic NSCLC is a unique entity. Identifying patients who have oligometastatic NSCLC accurately using a combination of clinical and biologic features and treating them with localized consolidative approach appropriately results in improvement of outcome. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of oligometastatic NSCLC is an important area of focus for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Rashdan
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Puneeth Iyengar
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David E Gerber
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Annede P, Chargari C. [Oligometastases and oligoprogressions: Concepts and natural history]. Cancer Radiother 2019; 23:475-481. [PMID: 31447345 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2019.07.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The oligometastatic paradigm refers to an intermediate biologic state of cancer with restricted metastatic capacity. Its phenotype is characterized by a limited number of metastases and a slow tumor growth. Various clinical and pre-clinical studies associated this state to alterations of the biological mechanisms involved in metastatic diffusion. Eventually, this transitional state leads to a wide metastatic dissemination. However, there is a period during which the patient could benefit from local ablative treatment. Depending on several prognostic factors and the treatment provided, long survival or even healing can sometimes be achieved. The selection of patients eligible for such a curative strategy may be adapted following clinical, radiological or biological markers. Recent improvement of therapeutic and imaging are changing the clinical definition of oligometastatic cancer, which should be adapted to evidence from recent clinical and preclinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Annede
- Département de radiothérapie, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94800, France; École du Val-de-Grâce, Paris 75005, France; Département de Radiothérapie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - C Chargari
- Département de radiothérapie, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94800, France; Université Paris Sud, Kremlin Bicêtre, 94270, France; Département Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Brétigny sur Orge, 91220, France.
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Van den Begin R, Engels B, Collen C, de Vin T, Defauw A, Dubaere E, Barbé K, De Ridder M. The METABANK score: A clinical tool to predict survival after stereotactic radiotherapy for oligometastatic disease. Radiother Oncol 2019; 133:113-119. [PMID: 30935566 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT, SBRT) is widely used in oligometastatic cancer, but the heterogeneity of the population complicates estimation of the prognosis. We investigated the role of different clinical and inflammatory parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included all patients treated with SRT for 1-5 oligometastases between 2003 and 2017 in our center. Patients were randomized between a model training set (2/3) and a separate validation set (1/3). A Cox regression model was built, validated and risk points were attributed to the resulting parameters. RESULTS 403 patients received SRT for 760 metastases. Treated sites were mainly lung, liver, nodal areas, and brain. Most common primaries were colorectal and lung cancer. Median follow-up for living patients reached 42 months and median overall survival (MS) was 26.6 months (95% CI 23.8-29.3). Five independent adverse factors were discriminated: male sex, synchronous timing of oligometastases, brain metastasis, non-adenocarcinoma histology, KPS <80. A risk score is formed by summation of the points of each factor (M:4, T:2, B:7, N:7, K:8). Four risk groups were defined: (1) 0-2 points: MS 41.2 months (95% CI 30.2-52.3); (2) 3-8 points: 29.3 months (24.6-34.0); (3) 9-13 points: 17.4 months (10.1-24.7), and (4) 14-28 points: 7.9 months (5.5-10.3). CONCLUSION We propose a prognostic score applicable in a variety of primary tumors and disease locations, including presence of brain metastases. The nomogram and risk groups can be used to stratify patients in new trials and to support individualized care for oligometastatic patients. An online calculator will become available at predictcancer.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbe Van den Begin
- Department of Radiotherapy, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
| | - Benedikt Engels
- Department of Radiotherapy, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Christine Collen
- Department of Radiotherapy, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Tessa de Vin
- Department of Radiotherapy, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Arne Defauw
- Department of Radiotherapy, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Emilie Dubaere
- Department of Radiotherapy, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Kurt Barbé
- Department Mathematics (DWIS), Research Group Digital Mathematics (DIMA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Department Public Health (GEWE), Research Group Biostatistics & Medical Informatics (BISI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
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Reyes DK, Pienta KJ. The biology and treatment of oligometastatic cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:8491-524. [PMID: 25940699 PMCID: PMC4496163 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical reports of limited and treatable cancer metastases, a disease state that exists in a transitional zone between localized and widespread systemic disease, were noted on occasion historically and are now termed oligometastasis. The ramification of a diagnosis of oligometastasis is a change in treatment paradigm, i.e. if the primary cancer site (if still present) is controlled, or resected, and the metastatic sites are ablated (surgically or with radiation), a prolonged disease-free interval, and perhaps even cure, may be achieved. Contemporary molecular diagnostics are edging closer to being able to determine where an individual metastatic deposit is within the continuum of malignancy. Preclinical models are on the outset of laying the groundwork for understanding the oligometastatic state. Meanwhile, in the clinic, patients are increasingly being designated as having oligometastatic disease and being treated owing to improved diagnostic imaging, novel treatment options with the potential to provide either direct or bridging therapy, and progressively broad definitions of oligometastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane K. Reyes
- Departments of Urology and Brady Urological Institute, and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- Departments of Urology and Brady Urological Institute, and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Departments of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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