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Xu QH, Yuan Q, Zhang YQ, Li B, Min YL, Ge QM, Liang RB, Shao Y. Ocular Metastasis in Elderly Male Bladder Cancer Patients: Potential Risk Factors. Am J Mens Health 2021; 14:1557988320908998. [PMID: 32146866 PMCID: PMC7065287 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320908998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common type of tumor among elderly male population; it causes intraocular metastasis (IOM). The study investigated the differences between elderly male bladder cancer patients with and without IOM, and identified risk factors for IOM. In this study, 749 elderly male patients (aged ≥50 years) with bladder cancer were included from November 2003 to December 2016. Differences between the IOM and non-IOM (NIOM) groups were evaluated by chi-square test and Student’s t-test. The binary logistic regression analysis calculates the risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of IOM in elderly male patients with bladder cancer. The incidence of IOM in patients with bladder cancer was 1.7%. No significant differences were detected in age and histopathology between the IOM and NIOM groups. According to the study, the IOM group had higher ALP and Cyfra21-1. Binary logistic regression indicated that ALP and Cyfra21-1 were risk factors for IOM in elderly male bladder cancer patients (p < .05). ROC curve analysis revealed area under the curve values for ALP and Cyfra21-1 of 0.913 and 0.814, using cutoff values of 9.65 and 83.5 U/L, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values for ALP were 61.5% and 95.8%, respectively, while those for Cyfra21-1 were 84.6% and 73.3%. The investigation indicates that ALP and Cyfra21-1 are risk factors for IOM in elderly male patients with bladder cancer and ALP is more reliable at distinguishing IOM from NIOM in elderly male patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Hui Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Lan Min
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Min Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Bin Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Wang S, Cai J, Zhang S, Dong M, Zhang L, Xu Y, Shen B, Chen S. Loss of polarity protein Par3, via transcription factor Snail, promotes bladder cancer metastasis. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2625-2641. [PMID: 33931921 PMCID: PMC8253273 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) remains the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality among genitourinary malignancies worldwide. BLCA metastasis represents the primary reason for its poor prognosis. In this study, we report that decreased expression of partitioning defective 3 (Par3), a polarity protein (encoded by PARD3), is associated with tumor aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis in BLCA patients. Consistently, ablation of Par3 promotes the metastasis and invasion of BLCA cells in vitro and in vivo. Further studies reveal that zinc finger protein Snail represses the expression of Par3 by binding to E2‐box (CAGGTG) of PARD3 promoter‐proximal. Inhibition of GSK‐3β promotes the expression and nuclear localization of Snail and then reduces the expression of Par3, resulting in the metastasis and invasion of BLCA cells. Moreover, we detected the interaction between Par3 (936‐1356 aa) and ZO‐1 (1372‐1748 aa), which is involved in the maintenance of tight junction. Together, our results demonstrate that the GSK‐3β/Snail/Par3/ZO‐1 axis regulates BLCA metastasis, and Snail is a major regulator for Par3 protein expression in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinming Cai
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwei Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - She Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Screening and identification of potential prognostic biomarkers in bladder urothelial carcinoma: Evidence from bioinformatics analysis. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Yamaguchi T, Fushida S, Kinoshita J, Okazaki M, Ishikawa S, Ohbatake Y, Terai S, Okamoto K, Nakanuma S, Makino I, Nakamura K, Miyashita T, Tajima H, Takamura H, Ninomiya I, Ohta T. Extravasated platelet aggregation contributes to tumor progression via the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1879-1887. [PMID: 32724431 PMCID: PMC7377031 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extravasated platelet aggregation (EPA) serves an important role in the cancer microenvironment during cancer progression, and has been demonstrated to interact with tumor cells in several types of cancer. EPA induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via transforming growth factor-β, and also recruits immunosuppressive cells, including regulatory T (Treg) cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). However, the role of EPA in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis remains unknown. The present study analyzed the association between EPA and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. The present study evaluated 62 patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis between 2001 and 2016. EPA, EMT, Treg cells and MDSCs in peritoneal metastatic lesions were detected by immunohistochemical evaluation of CD42b, SNAIL, FOXP3 and CD33, respectively. CD42b expression was observed in 56.5% (35/62) of peritoneal metastatic lesions. CD42b expression in peritoneal metastatic lesions was associated with poor overall survival compared with lower frequencies (hazard ratio, 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–3.69; P=0.018). SNAIL, FOXP3 and CD33 expression were not associated with overall survival, but CD33 expression was markedly higher in CD42b-positive patients (P=0.022). These results indicated that EPA affects immunosuppression by recruiting MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment via the secretion of soluble factors, resulting in tumor progression. EPA may be a novel therapeutic target for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Okazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Satoko Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Ohbatake
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Shiro Terai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Shinichi Nakanuma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Isamu Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Keishi Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Tajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
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Aron M. Variant Histology in Bladder Cancer—Current Understanding of Pathologic Subtypes. Curr Urol Rep 2019; 20:80. [DOI: 10.1007/s11934-019-0949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Saito H, Fushida S, Miyashita T, Oyama K, Yamaguchi T, Tsukada T, Kinoshita J, Tajima H, Ninomiya I, Ohta T. Potential of extravasated platelet aggregation as a surrogate marker for overall survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with preoperative docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1: a retrospective observational study. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:294. [PMID: 28449652 PMCID: PMC5408413 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The theory of extravasated platelet aggregation in cancer lesions was recently introduced. We investigated the association of platelet aggregation in gastric cancer stroma with clinicopathological features, chemotherapeutic response, pathological response, and survival. METHODS The study comprised 78 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had undergone gastrectomy with or without combination of docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 (DCS) as preoperative chemotherapy between 2005 and 2014. The patients were divided into two groups: patients who had received preoperative DCS therapy forming the p-DCS group and patients who had not received preoperative DCS therapy forming the control group. The 39 patients in the control group had received gastrectomy and postoperative chemotherapy of S-1 alone. Platelet aggregation in biopsy specimens before preoperative DCS therapy in the p-DCS group and at the time of diagnosis in the control group were evaluated using CD42b immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Twenty-four patients in the p-DCS group and 19 in the control group were found to have platelet aggregation in their cancer stroma. Patients with histologically confirmed platelet aggregation had significantly higher rates of chemoresistance (58.3%) than those without platelet aggregation (20.0%) (P = 0.019). According to multivariate analysis, CD42b expression (odds ratio: 5.102, 95% confidence interval: 1.039-25.00, P = 0.045) was correlated with chemoresistance. CD42b expression and histological non-responder status were both significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) (P = 0.012, P = 0.016); however, RECIST was not correlated with OS. In the control group, CD42b expression was also significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) (P = 0.033). In the p-DCS group, according to multivariate analysis, male sex (hazard ratio: 0.281, 95% confidence interval: 0.093-0.846, P = 0.024) was correlated with good prognosis and CD42b expression (hazard ratio: 4.406, 95% confidence interval: 1.325-14.65, P = 0.016) with poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that platelets in gastric cancer stroma may create a favorable microenvironment for chemoresistance. CD42b immunohistochemical staining of biopsy specimens is a promising candidate for being a prognostic marker in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Katsunobu Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tsukada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Tajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
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Millán-Uclés Á, Zuluaga S, Marqués M, Vallejo-Díaz J, Sanz L, Cariaga-Martínez AE, Real FX, Carrera AC. E-cadherin downregulation sensitizes PTEN-mutant tumors to PI3Kβ silencing. Oncotarget 2016; 7:84054-84071. [PMID: 27863432 PMCID: PMC5356644 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and in PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), the negative regulator of the PI3K pathway, are found in nearly half of human tumors. As PI3Kβ, the main isoform activated in PTEN-mutant tumors, has kinase-dependent and -independent activities, we compared the effects of depleting vs. drug-inhibiting PI3Kβ kinase activity in a collection of diverse tumor types and in a set of bladder carcinoma cell lines grown as xenografts in mice. PI3Kβ depletion (by intratumor injection of PIK3CB siRNA) induced apoptosis and triggered regression of PTEN-mutant tumors more efficiently than PI3Kβ inhibition. A small proportion of these tumors was resistant to PI3Kβ downregulation; we analyzed what determined resistance in these cases. Using add-back experiments, we show that both PTEN mutation and low E-cadherin expression are necessary for PI3Kβ dependence. In bladder carcinoma, loss of E-cadherin expression coincides with N-cadherin upregulation. We found that PI3Kβ associated with N-cadherin and that PIK3CB depletion selectively disrupted N-cadherin cell adhesions in PTEN-mutant bladder carcinoma. These results support the use of PIK3CB interfering RNA as a therapeutic approach for high-risk bladder cancers that show E-cadherin loss and express mutant PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- África Millán-Uclés
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Zuluaga
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Marqués
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Vallejo-Díaz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Sanz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ariel E Cariaga-Martínez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco X Real
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana C. Carrera
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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Sugimoto M, Kohashi K, Itsumi M, Shiota M, Abe T, Yamada Y, Kuroiwa K, Naito S, Oda Y. Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Features. Pathobiology 2016; 83:277-86. [DOI: 10.1159/000445752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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TGFβ1 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition of bladder cancer cells through lncRNA-ZEB2NAT. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11924. [PMID: 26152796 PMCID: PMC4495469 DOI: 10.1038/srep11924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) patients at muscle invasive stage have poor clinical outcome, due to high propensity for metastasis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one of the principal constituents of the tumor stroma, play an important role in tumor development. However, it is unclear whether CAFs from UBC induce cell invasion and which signaling pathway is involved. Herein, we found that conditional medium from UBC CAFs (CAF-CM) enhanced the invasion of UBC cells. CAF-CM induced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by regulating expression levels of EMT-associated markers in UBC cells. Higher concentration of TGFβ1 in CAF-CM, comparing with the CM from adjacent normal fibroblast, led to phosphorylation of Smad2 in UBC cells. Additionally, inhibition of TGFβ1 signaling decreased the EMT-associated gene expression, and cancer cell invasion. Interestingly, a long non-coding RNA, ZEB2NAT, was demonstrated to be essential for this TGFβ1-dependent process. ZEB2NAT depletion reversed CAF-CM-induced EMT and invasion of cancer cells, as well as reduced the ZEB2 protein level. Consistently, TGFβ1 mRNA expression is positively correlated with ZEB2NAT transcript and ZEB2 protein levels in human bladder cancer specimens. Our data revealed a novel mechanism that CAFs induces EMT and invasion of human UBC cells through the TGFβ1-ZEB2NAT-ZEB2 axis.
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Zhang P, Hu P, Shen H, Yu J, Liu Q, Du J. Prognostic role of Twist or Snail in various carcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2014; 44:1072-94. [PMID: 25257753 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twist and Snail are considered as key transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin tightly related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer progression. Numerous studies have investigated the prognostic value of Twist and Snail. However, the published results were controversial or even opposite. Our article aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of Twist and Snail in patients with cancer. DESIGN A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science was conducted. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed to quantify the prognostic role. RESULTS The pooled HR with 38 studies for Twist was 2·18 (95% CI: 1·77-2·68, I(2) = 69·8%, P = 0·000) and for Snail with 40 studies was 1·58 (95% CI: 1·33-1·87, I(2) = 70·0%, P = 0·000), suggesting high Twist/Snail expression predicted poor prognosis related to all clinical outcomes. For Twist, the pooled HR for overall survival (OS) was 2·07 (95% CI: 1·63-2·63, I(2) = 72·6%, P = 0·000) and for progression-free/recurrence-free/metastasis-free/disease-free/cancer-free survival (PFS/RFS/MFS/DFS/CFS) was 2·36 (95% CI: 1·76-3·17, I(2) = 65·0%, P = 0·000). For Snail, the pooled HR for OS was 1·63 (95% CI: 1·33-1·99, I(2) = 70·8%, P = 0·000) and for PFS/RFS/MFS/DFS/CFS was 1·54 (95% CI: 1·17-2·02, I(2) = 59·1%, P = 0·001). All of those results were suggesting that high Twist/Snail expression was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, when grouped into different types of cancers, the pooled HRs were also calculated for the subgroups. No publication bias was found except studies evaluating all clinical outcomes of Twist (P = 0·006 for Begg's test and 0·006 for Egger's test). CONCLUSIONS Elevated Twist or Snail expression in tumour tissue indicated poor prognosis for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Keck B, Ellmann C, Stoehr R, Weigelt K, Goebell PJ, Kunath F, Taubert H, Hartmann A, Wullich B, Wach S. Comparative genomic hybridization shows complex genomic changes of plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2014; 32:1234-9. [PMID: 25087089 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe genomic imbalances in plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC), which is a rare and aggressive variant of urothelial carcinoma (UC). METHODS AND MATERIALS In total, 25 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded PUCs were analyzed by metaphase comparative genomic hybridization. Genomic imbalances were considered to be characteristic if they were detected in ≥ 20% of the cases. Chromosome regions deviating by ≥ 3 standard deviations from the average chromosome profile were scored as chromosomal gains or losses. Copy-number variations (CNVs) of CDH1 (16q 22.1), SNAI1 (20q 13.1), CCND1 (11q13.3), ERBB2 (17q12), and FOXO3 (6q21) were validated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Chromosomal aberrations were detected in every PUC analyzed, and the average number of aberrations was 10.24 (ranging from 1-15). Characteristic aberrations were gains on 1q (48%), 3p (20%), 6p (32%), 11q (72%), 15q (36%), 16q (44%), 17p (76%), 17q (88%), and 20q (88%) and losses on 2q (24%) 4p (36%), 4q (84%), 5q (44%), 6q (68%), 13q (20%), and Xq (52%). polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of CNV for CCND1 (11q13) showed a deletion in 73% of the cases. CDH1 (16q22) was deleted in 72% and amplified in 5%. ERBB2 (17q12) displayed remarkably few copy-number alterations, with only 14% showing an amplification. SNAI1 (20q13) showed reduced gene copy numbers in 59.1% of the cases, whereas no copy-number gains were detected. FOXO3 (6q21) exhibited the lowest number of copy-number alterations, with 9% of all cases showing an amplification. CONCLUSIONS In PUCs, the frequency of aneuploidy and the complexity of genomic changes per tumor are greater than those described in conventional UC. The aberrations described in PUC involve the same regions that are associated with aggressive biological behavior in conventional UC. Gains on 11q, 17q, 17p, and 20q and losses on 4q and 6q affect most PUCs and seem to harbor important chromosomal regions for PUC carcinogenesis. Large-scale deletions on chromosome 9 were not detected. CNV analysis indicates heterozygous deletion of CDH1 as one underlying mechanism of loss of membranous E-cadherin in PUC. Loss of CCND1 and SNAI1 is a common molecular feature and could contribute to the aggressive biological behavior of PUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Keck
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christina Ellmann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Stoehr
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Weigelt
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter J Goebell
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Kunath
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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