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Du J, Zhao Y, Hu D, Li H, Gao L, Liu Z, Shi K. Silencing of integrin subunit α3 inhibits the proliferation, invasion, migration and autophagy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:271. [PMID: 35782901 PMCID: PMC9247671 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly disease that seriously affects global public health. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of integrin subunit α3 (ITGA3) in ESCC and investigate its detailed molecular mechanisms. Using reverse transcription–quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting, the mRNA and protein expression of ITGA3 in cell lines was detected. In addition, a series of cellular biological experiments, including Cell Counting Kit-8, wound-healing, Transwell and TUNEL assays, were used to evaluate proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. Furthermore, western blotting was used to measure the expression of corresponding proteins. ITGA3 was found to be upregulated in ESCC cell lines (ECA109 and TE1). It was also found that ITGA3 silencing inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and autophagy of ECA109 and TE1 cells but promoted their apoptosis. In addition, ITGA3 silencing was found to inhibit the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, ITGA3 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, migration and autophagy in ECA109 and TE1 cells, suggesting that ITGA3 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Du
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Dinghui Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Zuntao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Kaihu Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
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Zhou H, Wang G, Xiao Z, Yang Y, Tian Z, Gao C, Han X, Sun W, Hou L, Liu J, Xue X. NRAGE Confers Radiation Resistance in 2D and 3D Cell Culture and Poor Outcome in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:831506. [PMID: 35433476 PMCID: PMC9010827 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.831506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThe purpose of the study is to explore the mechanism of NRAGE enhancing radioresistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in 2D and 3D levels.MethodsStably NRAGE-overexpressed ESCC cells and 3D-printing models for ESCC cells were established. Then, cellular malignancy indexes, such as cell morphology, proliferation, radioresistance, motility, apoptosis, cell cycle, and proteins of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, were compared between radioresistant and its parental cells in 2D and 3D levels. Additionally, 44 paraffin ESCC specimens with radical radiotherapy were selected to examine NRAGE and β-catenin protein expression and analyze the clinical correlation.ResultsExperiments in 2D culture showed that morphology of the Eca109/NRAGE cells was more irregular, elongated spindle-shaped and disappeared polarity. It obtained faster growth ability, stronger resistance to irradiation, enhanced motility, reduced apoptosis ratio and cell cycle rearrangement. Moreover, Western blot results showed β-catenin, p-Gsk-3β and CyclinD1 expressions were induced, while p-β-catenin and Gsk-3β expressions decreased in Eca109/NRAGE cells. Experiments in the 3D-printing model showed Eca109/NRAGE cell-laden 3D scaffolds had the advantage on growth and spheroiding according to the brightfield observation, scanning electron microscopy and Ki-67 IHC staining, and higher expression at the β-catenin protein. Clinical analysis showed that NRAGE expression was higher in tumor tissues than in control tissues of ESCC patients from the Public DataBase. Compared with radiotherapy effective group, both NRAGE total and nuclear and β-catenin nuclear expressions were significantly upregulated from ESCC specimens in invalid group. Further analysis showed a positive and linear correlation between NRAGE nuclear and β-catenin nuclear expressions. Additionally, results from univariate and multivariate analyses revealed NRAGE nuclear expression could serve as a risk factor for ESCC patients receiving radical radiotherapy.ConclusionESCC cells with NRAGE nuclear accumulation demonstrated greater radioresistance, which may be related to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It indicated that NRAGE nuclear expression was a potential biomarker for monitoring radiotherapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huandi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guohui Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiqing Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhesen Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuetao Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liubing Hou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoying Xue,
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Liu L, Cui Z, Zhang J, Wang J, Gu S, Ma J, Chen H, Hang L, Yang J, Shi Y. Knockdown of NRAGE Impairs Homologous Recombination Repair and Sensitizes Hepatoblastoma Cells to Ionizing Radiation. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:41-49. [PMID: 31916845 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.2968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: NRAGE (neurotrophin receptor-interacting melanoma antigen-encoding gene homolog) has a complex role and regulates cell growth in different tumor cells. Although NRAGE was been discovered for more than 10 years ago, the function of NRAGE in hepatoblastoma (HB) cells is currently unknown. Materials and Methods: The expression of NRAGE was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay or western blotting assay. Cellular apoptosis was analyzed to estimate the effect of NRAGE under radiation. The ability of clonogenic capacity was evaluated to confirm the influence of proliferation for NRAGE by radiation. The immunofluorescence assay was used to further study the expression of NRAGE under radiation. A nude mouse tumor xenograft model was constructed to confirm the effect of NRAGE deficiency under radiation conditions in vivo. Results: The authors determined that deletion of NRAGE significantly inhibited HB cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and NRAGE knockdown apparently sensitized HB cells to ionizing radiation (IR). Further mechanistic studies revealed that NRAGE plays a critical role in homologous recombination by inhibiting the expression of RNF8 (ring finger protein 8) and BARD1 (BRCA1 associated RING domain 1) and the recruitment of RAD51. Conclusions: The authors demonstrated that downregulation of NRAGE sensitizes HB cell lines to IR in vitro and in vivo. It provides a promising therapeutic strategy for HB patients by specifically targeting NRAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongqi Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Gu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Laboratory Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Hang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Laboratory, Xigaze People's Hospital of Tibet, Xizang, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Significance of SYT8 For the Detection, Prediction, and Treatment of Peritoneal Metastasis From Gastric Cancer. Ann Surg 2019; 267:495-503. [PMID: 28026832 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets specific for peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). BACKGROUND Advanced GC frequently recurs because of undetected micrometastases even after curative resection. Peritoneal metastasis has been the most frequent recurrent pattern after gastrectomy and is incurable. METHODS We conducted a recurrence pattern-specific transcriptome analysis in an independent cohort of 16 patients with stage III GC who underwent curative gastrectomy and adjuvant S-1 for screening candidate molecules specific for peritoneal metastasis of GC. Next, another 340 patients were allocated to discovery and validation sets (1:2) to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive value of the candidate molecule. The results of quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and immunohistochemical analysis were correlated with clinical characteristics and survival. The effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown on phenotype and fluorouracil sensitivity of GC cells were evaluated in vitro, and the therapeutic effects of siRNAs were evaluated using a mouse xenograft model. RESULTS Synaptotagmin VIII (SYT8) was identified as a candidate biomarker specific to peritoneal metastasis. In the discovery set, the optimal cut-off of SYT8 expression was established as 0.005. Expression levels of SYT8 mRNA in GC tissues were elevated in the validation set comprising patients with peritoneal recurrence or metastasis. SYT8 levels above the cut-off value were significantly and specifically associated with peritoneal metastasis, and served as an independent prognostic marker for peritoneal recurrence-free survival of patients with stage II/III GC. The survival difference between patients with SYT8 levels above and below the cut-off was associated with patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy. Inhibition of SYT8 expression by GC cells correlated with decreased invasion, migration, and fluorouracil resistance. Intraperitoneal administration of SYT8-siRNA inhibited the growth of peritoneal nodules and prolonged survival of mice engrafted with GC cells. CONCLUSIONS SYT8 represents a promising target for the detection, prediction, and treatment of peritoneal metastasis of GC.
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Sawaki K, Kanda M, Kodera Y. Review of recent efforts to discover biomarkers for early detection, monitoring, prognosis, and prediction of treatment responses of patients with gastric cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 12:657-670. [PMID: 29902383 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2018.1489233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite recent advances in diagnosis and therapy, the prognosis of patients with GC is poor. Many patients have inoperable disease upon diagnosis or experience recurrent disease after curative gastrectomy. Unfortunately, tumor markers for GC, such as serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, effective biomarkers are required to detect early GC and to predict tumor recurrence and chemosensitivity. Areas covered: Here we aimed to review recent developments in techniques that improve the detection of aberrant expression of GC-associated molecules, including protein coding genes, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and methylated promoter DNAs. Expert commentary: Detection of genetic and epigenetic alterations in gastric tissue or in the circulation will likely improve the diagnosis and management of GC to achieve significantly improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Sawaki
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II) , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Mitsuro Kanda
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II) , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II) , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
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Machlowska J, Maciejewski R, Sitarz R. The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1658. [PMID: 29867026 PMCID: PMC6032410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and it is a fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Carcinogenesis is a multistage disease process specified by the gradual procurement of mutations and epigenetic alterations in the expression of different genes, which finally lead to the occurrence of a malignancy. These genes have diversified roles regarding cancer development. Intracellular pathways are assigned to the expression of different genes, signal transduction, cell-cycle supervision, genomic stability, DNA repair, and cell-fate destination, like apoptosis, senescence. Extracellular pathways embrace tumour invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis. Altered expression patterns, leading the different clinical responses. This review highlights the list of molecular biomarkers that can be used for prognostic purposes and provide information on the likely outcome of the cancer disease in an untreated individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julita Machlowska
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Robert Sitarz
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
- Department of Surgery, St. John's Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
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SYT7 acts as a driver of hepatic metastasis formation of gastric cancer cells. Oncogene 2018; 37:5355-5366. [PMID: 29858600 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liver metastasis remains a serious problem in the management of gastric cancer (GC). Our aims were to identify through transcriptome analysis a molecule that mediates hepatic metastasis in GC, and to evaluate its potential as a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target. The effects of knocking out a relevant molecule using genome editing were evaluated in vitro experiments and in mouse xenograft models. Expression levels of candidate molecule in 300 pairs of gastric tissues were determined to assess whether differentially expressed genes predicted hepatic recurrence, metastasis, or both. Transcriptome data identified the overexpression of synaptotagmin VII (SYT7) in GC tissues with hepatic metastasis. Its expression in the GC cell lines was high, particularly in those that exhibited a differentiated phenotype, and positively correlated with the expression of SNAI1 and TGFB3, and inversely with RGS2. SYT7 knockout inhibited the proliferation of GC cells, indicated by increased apoptosis with activated caspase and loss of mitochondria membrane potential, G2/M cell-cycle arrest and attenuated cell migration, invasion, and adhesion. The tumorigenicity of SYT7-knockout cells was moderately reduced in a mouse model of subcutaneous metastasis in which the levels of BCL2 and HIF1A were decreased and was more strikingly attenuated in a model of hepatic metastasis. The SYT7 levels in the primary GC tissues were significantly associated with hepatic recurrence, metastasis, and adverse prognosis. SYT7 represents a tool for prediction and monitoring of hepatic metastasis from GC as well as being a promising therapeutic target.
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8
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NRAGE confers poor prognosis and promotes proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance in gastric cancer. Gene 2018; 668:114-120. [PMID: 29778424 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophin receptor-interacting melanoma antigen-encoding protein (NRAGE) is a type II melanoma-associated antigen that plays an essential role in various processes, including cell differentiation and apoptosis. NRAGE has been shown to act as a cancer-related protein, with complex and apparently contradictory functions in a variety of cancers. In the current study, we examined the expression of NRAGE protein in 169 gastric cancer samples. NRAGE upregulation was correlated with advanced TNM stage, local invasion, and poor survival. Importantly, NRAGE could serve as an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. We also examined the expression of NRAGE protein in GES-1 normal gastric epithelial cells and in six gastric cancer cell lines. Inhibition of NRAGE expression by transfection with small interfering RNA reduced the proliferation and invasion of MGC-803 and HGC-27 cells, as demonstrated by CCK-8 and Matrigel invasion assays. NRAGE depletion also sensitized HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells to cisplatin, as shown by CCK-8 and Annexin V/propidium iodide analyses. Western blot analysis also showed that NRAGE depletion negatively regulated Bcl-2 and p-ERK and upregulated ZO-1 and p27 expression levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that NRAGE acts as a tumor promoter in gastric cancer by facilitating cancer invasion and chemoresistance, possibly through regulation of p-ERK and Bcl-2.
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Kanda M, Murotani K, Tanaka H, Miwa T, Umeda S, Tanaka C, Kobayashi D, Hayashi M, Hattori N, Suenaga M, Yamada S, Nakayama G, Fujiwara M, Kodera Y. A novel dual-marker expression panel for easy and accurate risk stratification of patients with gastric cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2463-2471. [PMID: 29733517 PMCID: PMC6010733 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of specific biomarkers is necessary for individualized management of patients with gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to design a simple expression panel comprising novel molecular markers for precise risk stratification. Patients (n = 200) who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer were randomly assigned into learning and validation sets. Tissue mRNA expression levels of 15 candidate molecular markers were determined using quantitative PCR analysis. A dual‐marker expression panel was created according to concordance index (C‐index) values of overall survival for all 105 combinations of two markers in the learning set. The reproducibility and clinical significance of the dual‐marker expression panel were evaluated in the validation set. The patient characteristics of the learning and validation sets were well balanced. The C‐index values of combinations were significantly higher compared with those of single markers. The panel with the highest C‐index (0.718) of the learning set comprised SYT8 and MAGED2, which clearly stratified patients into low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups. The reproducibility of the panel was demonstrated in the validation set. High expression scores were significantly associated with larger tumor size, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and advanced disease. The dual‐marker expression panel provides a simple tool that clearly stratifies patients with gastric cancer into low‐, intermediate‐, and high risk after gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenta Murotani
- Clinical Research Centre, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Miwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinichi Umeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chie Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norifumi Hattori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaya Suenaga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Goro Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michitaka Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Integrated multigene expression panel to prognosticate patients with gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18775-18785. [PMID: 29721160 PMCID: PMC5922354 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the proposed individual markers had limited clinical utility due to the inherent biological and genetic heterogeneity of gastric cancer. We aimed to build a new molecular-based model to predict prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. A total of 200 patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric cancer were divided into learning and validation cohorts using a table of random numbers in a 1:1 ratio. In the learning cohort, mRNA expression levels of 15 molecular markers in gastric tissues were analyzed and concordance index (C-index) values of all single and combinations of the 15 candidate markers for overall survival were calculated. The multigene expression panel was designed according to C-index values and the subpopulation index. Expression scores were determined with weighting according to the coefficient of each constituent. The reproducibility of the panel was evaluated in the validation cohort. C-index values of the 15 single candidate markers ranged from 0.506–0.653. Among 32,767 combinations, the optimal and balanced expression panel comprised four constituents (MAGED2, SYT8, BTG1, and FAM46) and the C-index value was 0.793. Using this panel, patients were provisionally categorized with scores of 1–3, and clearly stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor overall survival groups. In the validation cohort, both overall and disease-free survival rates decreased incrementally with increasing expression scores. Multivariate analysis revealed that the expression score was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival after curative gastrectomy. We developed an integrated multigene expression panel that simply and accurately stratified risk of patients with gastric cancer.
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Shen S, Bai J, Wei Y, Wang G, Li Q, Zhang R, Duan W, Yang S, Du M, Zhao Y, Christiani DC, Chen F. A seven-gene prognostic signature for rapid determination of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma survival. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3403-3411. [PMID: 29130107 PMCID: PMC5783586 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer and displays divergent clinical outcomes. Prognostic biomarkers might improve risk stratification and survival prediction. We aimed to investigate the prognostic genes associated with overall survival. A two-step gene selection method was used to develop a seven-gene-based prognostic model based on the training set collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In addition, the prognostic model was validated in an independent testing set from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The score based on the model successfully distinguished HNSCC survival into high-risk and low-risk groups in the training set (HR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.98–3.92; P=4.05×10−9) and the testing set (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.35–3.11; P=7.98×10−4). In addition, the score could significantly predict 5-year survival by ROC curves (AUCs for training set, 0.73; testing set, 0.66). Combining risk scores with clinical characteristics improved the AUCs beyond using clinical characteristics alone (training set, from 0.57 to 0.75; testing set, from 0.63 to 0.72). A subgroup sensitivity analysis with HPV status and tumor sites revealed that the risk score was significant in all subgroups except oral cavity tumors of the testing set. Furthermore, HPV-positive status improves survival in oropharyngeal HNSCC but not non-oropharyngeal HNSCC. In conclusion, the seven-gene prognostic signature is a reliable and practical prognostic tool for HNSCC. This approach can add prognostic value to clinical characteristics and provides a new possibility for individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipeng Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jianling Bai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Guanrong Wang
- NPFPC Contraceptive Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center, Jiangsu Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qingya Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Duan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - David C Christiani
- China International Cooperation Center of Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Umeda S, Kanda M, Sugimoto H, Tanaka H, Hayashi M, Yamada S, Fujii T, Takami H, Niwa Y, Iwata N, Tanaka C, Kobayashi D, Fujiwara M, Kodera Y. Downregulation of GPR155 as a prognostic factor after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:610. [PMID: 28863781 PMCID: PMC5580443 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular biomarkers capable of predicting recurrence patterns and prognosis are helpful for risk stratification and providing appropriate treatment to patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we focused on G protein-coupled receptor 155 (GPR155), a cell surface signaling protein, as a candidate biomarker. Methods We analyzed GPR155 expression, DNA methylation, and copy number in HCC cell lines. The clinical significance of GPR155 expression was evaluated using 144 pairs of surgically resected liver and normal tissues with subgroup analysis based on hepatitis virus infection. Results GPR155 mRNA expression levels were differential and were decreased in 89% of HCC cell lines. No DNA methylation was detected, whereas copy number alterations were present in five (56%) HCC cell lines. GPR155 mRNA expression level was independent of background liver status and significantly lower in HCC tissues than corresponding normal liver tissues. The expression patterns of GPR155 protein by immunohistochemical staining were significantly associated with those of GPR155 mRNA. Downregulation of GPR155 was significantly associated with more aggressive HCC phenotypes including high preoperative α-fetoprotein, poor differentiation, serosal infiltration, vascular invasion, and advanced disease stage. Patients with downregulation of GPR155 were more likely to have worse prognosis after curative resection irrespective of hepatitis virus infection. Patients who experienced extrahepatic (distant) recurrences had significantly lower GPR155 expression than those with intrahepatic (liver confined) recurrences. Conclusions Downregulation of GPR155 may serve as a prognosticator that also predicts initial recurrence sites independent of hepatitis virus infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3629-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Umeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideki Takami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yukiko Niwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chie Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Michitaka Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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13
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Zhou Y, Ji Z, Yan W, Zhou Z, Li H, Xiao Y. Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits prostate cancer progression by downregulation of forkhead box M1. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:837-842. [PMID: 28677763 PMCID: PMC5561788 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has exhibited various anticancer effects. However, its ability to inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer (PCa) PC-3 cells is still unclear. In the present study, different concentrations of TMP were co-incubated with PC-3 cells. The pcDNA-FOXM1 plasmid was transfected into cells before treatment with 500 µg/l TMP. The proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of PC-3 cells were tested by MTT assay, wound healing assay and colony formation assay. Western blotting was used to investigate the expression of FOXM1. We found that, compared with the control, the proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of PC-3 cells were decreased after incubation with different concentrations of TMP (P<0.01). The expression of FOXM1 was decreased in TMP-treated PC-3 cells (P<0.01). In addition, overexpression of FOXM1 reversed TMP-mediated inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of PC-3 cells. We also found that TMP inhibited PCa growth in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that TMP inhibits PC-3 cell proliferation, migration and invasion by downregulation of FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Weigang Yan
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Zhien Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Hanzhong Li
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
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14
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Miwa T, Kanda M, Tanaka H, Tanaka C, Kobayashi D, Umeda S, Iwata N, Hayashi M, Yamada S, Fujii T, Fujiwara M, Kodera Y. FBXO50 Enhances the Malignant Behavior of Gastric Cancer Cells. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 24:3771-3779. [PMID: 28560594 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-017-5882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Challenges to our understanding the molecular mechanisms of the progression of gastric cancer (GC) must be overcome to facilitate the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this article, we analyzed the expression of the gene encoding F-box-only 50 (FBXO50) and determined whether it contributes to the malignant phenotype of GC. METHODS FBXO50 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels and copy numbers of the FBXO50 locus were determined in 10 GC cell lines and a nontumorigenic epithelial cell line. Polymerase chain reaction array analysis was performed to identify genes coordinately expressed with FBXO50. The effects of inhibiting FBXO50 on GC cell proliferation, adhesion, invasiveness, and migration were evaluated using a small interfering RNA targeted to FBXO50 mRNA. To evaluate the clinical significance of FBXO50 expression, we determined the levels of FBXO50 mRNA in tissues acquired from 200 patients with GC. RESULTS The levels of FBXO50 mRNA were increased in five GC cell lines and positively correlated with those of ITGA5, ITGB1, MMP2, MSN, COL5A2, GNG11, and WNT5A. Copy number gain of the FBXO50 locus was detected in four GC cell lines. Inhibition of FBXO50 expression significantly decreased the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasiveness of GC cell lines. In clinical samples, high FBXO50 expression correlated with increased pT4, invasive growth, lymph node metastasis, and positive peritoneal lavage cytology. Patients with high FBXO50 expression had a significantly higher prevalence of recurrence after curative gastrectomy and were more likely to experience shorter overall survival. CONCLUSIONS FBXO50 may represent a biomarker for GC phenotypes and as a target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Haruyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chie Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinichi Umeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michitaka Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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15
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Yu J, Wang X, Li Y, Tang B. Tanshinone IIA suppresses gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration by downregulation of FOXM1. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1394-1400. [PMID: 28184921 PMCID: PMC5364872 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TSN) exhibits a variety of anticancer effects. However, whether it inhibits gastric cancer (GC) cell proliferation and migration and the mechanism remain unclear. In the present study, different concentrations of TSN were co-incubated with SGC-7901 cells. The pcDNA-FOXM1 or FOXM1-siRNA plasmid was transfected into cells before treatment with 5 µg/l TSN. The proliferation and migration abilities of the SGC-7901 cells were tested by MTT and wound healing assays. Western blotting was used to investigate the expression levels of P21, Ki-67, PCNA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and FOXM1. We found that compared with the control, the proliferation and migration abilities of the SGC-7901 cells were decreased after incubation with different concentrations of TSN in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). Moreover, the expression levels of Ki-67, PCAN, MMP-2, MMP-9 and FOXM1 were decreased, and P21 was increased in the TSN-treated SGC-7901 cells (p<0.01). In addition, downregulation of FOXM1 by FOXM1-siRNA had the same effect as TSN on SGC-7901 cells, and overexpression of FOXM1 partly abrogated TSN-mediated inhibition of SGC-7901 cell proliferation and migration. These results suggested that TSN inhibits SGC-7901 cell proliferation and migration by downregulation of FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yu
- Linyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Linyi Tumor Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Linyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Tang
- Lanzhou Hengdao Chinese Medicine Institute, Lanzhou, Shandong 730000, P.R. China
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16
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Kanda M, Kodera Y. Molecular mechanisms of peritoneal dissemination in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6829-6840. [PMID: 27570420 PMCID: PMC4974582 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i30.6829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination represents a devastating form of gastric cancer (GC) progression with a dismal prognosis. There is no effective therapy for this condition. The 5-year survival rate of patients with peritoneal dissemination is 2%, even including patients with only microscopic free cancer cells without macroscopic peritoneal nodules. The mechanism of peritoneal dissemination of GC involves several steps: detachment of cancer cells from the primary tumor, survival in the free abdominal cavity, attachment to the distant peritoneum, invasion into the subperitoneal space and proliferation with angiogenesis. These steps are not mutually exclusive, and combinations of different molecular mechanisms can occur in each process of peritoneal dissemination. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular events involved in peritoneal dissemination is important and should be systematically pursued. It is crucial to identify novel strategies for the prevention of this condition and for identification of markers of prognosis and the development of molecular-targeted therapies. In this review, we provide an overview of recently published articles addressing the molecular mechanisms of peritoneal dissemination of GC to provide an update on what is currently known in this field and to propose novel promising candidates for use in diagnosis and as therapeutic targets.
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