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Utsumi M, Inagaki M, Kitada K, Tokunaga N, Yonoki K, Sakurai Y, Okabayashi H, Hamano R, Miyasou H, Tsunemitsu Y, Otsuka S. Prognostic Significance of Sarcopenia and Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Biliary Tract Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:888-899. [PMID: 38403714 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prognostic significance of sarcopenia and systemic inflammatory markers in patients with surgically resected biliary tract cancer (BTC). METHODS Between July 2010 and December 2022, 146 patients were recruited. Sarcopenia was assessed using the psoas muscle index. Preoperative inflammatory markers were used to calculate the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Sixty-four patients had sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was associated with body mass index (< 22 kg/m2), lymph node metastasis, and low PNI (< 42). R1/R2 resection (P = 0.02), sarcopenia (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.007), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (P < 0.001), and low PNI (P = 0.01) were independent predictors of OS, while male sex (P = 0.04), R1/R2 resection (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.005), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (P < 0.001), tumor differentiation (other than well; P = 0.003), and low PNI (P = 0.03) were independent predictors of RFS. Patients were stratified into no sarcopenia and high PNI (≥ 42; A), sarcopenia or low PNI (B), and sarcopenia and low PNI (C) groups. Group C had worse OS than the other two groups (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is associated with the PNI. Sarcopenia and the PNI are independent prognostic factors among patients with resected BTC. Sarcopenia may have better prognostic value when combined with the PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Utsumi
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan.
| | - Masaru Inagaki
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Koji Kitada
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Tokunaga
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yonoki
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Yuya Sakurai
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroki Okabayashi
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hamano
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyasou
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Yousuke Tsunemitsu
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
| | - Shinya Otsuka
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, 4-14-17 Okinogami-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720-8520, Japan
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Choi ME, Jung JM, Kim DH, Won CH, Chang SE, Lee MW, Lee WJ. Baseline Serum neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in acral melanoma compared with nonacral melanoma and its prognostic significance. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:977-985. [PMID: 38272394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), a cutaneous melanoma subtype, exhibits a poorer prognosis than nonacral cutaneous melanoma (NACM). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is emerging as a prognostic indicator across diverse cancers. OBJECTIVE We explored the baseline NLR disparities between ALM and NACM, and the NLR's prognostic significance in patients with ALM. METHODS We reviewed records of patients with ALM and NACM diagnosed between 1997 and 2022, analyzing medical data. RESULTS Among 327 and 159 patients with ALM and NACM, respectively, baseline NLR varied based on distinct clinicopathologic factors between ALM and NACM. In stage 3 to 4 melanomas, the median NLR for ALM (2.18; IQR, 1.70-3.08) significantly surpassed NACM (1.74; IQR, 1.33-2.53) (P = .029). In patients with ALM, high NLR (hazard ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.02-2.66; P = .043) was independently correlated with poor progression-free survival when adjusting for ulceration, Breslow thickness of ≥2 mm, and nodal invasion. LIMITATIONS Single-center, retrospective design. CONCLUSION Advanced-stage ALM exhibited a significantly higher baseline NLR compared with that of NACM. Evaluating baseline NLR could provide valuable prognostic insights for patients with ALM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Eun Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Min Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ertekin SS, Mangas C, Riquelme-Mc Loughlin C, Carrera C, Malvehy J, Puig S, Podlipnik S. Prognostic Value of the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to- lymphocyte Ratio and Monocyte-to-lymphocyte Ratio in Melanoma Patients: A Cohort Study. Acta Derm Venereol 2024; 104:adv27571. [PMID: 38655656 PMCID: PMC11064678 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.27571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio in patients with melanoma has yielded controversial results in the literature. A retrospective single-centre cohort study was conducted from 1998 to 2020, including patients diagnosed with invasive melanoma. A total of 2,721 patients were included in the study. The median follow-up was 8.23 years (IQR 4.41-13.25). The median baseline neutrophil- lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio values increased significantly (p < 0.001) with the increasing American Joint Committee on Cancer stage. The optimal cut-off values for neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio were determined as 2.1, 184 and 0.2, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, high levels of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (≥ 2.1), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (≥ 184) and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (≥ 0.2) were independently associated with significantly shorter melanoma-specific survival (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.06-1.60, p = 0.013; platelet-lymphocyte ratio: HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.06-1.76, p = 0.014; monocyte- lymphocyte ratio: HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.58, p = 0.015) and overall survival (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.19-1.64, p < 0.001; platelet- lymphocyte ratio: HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19-1.74, p < 0.001; monocyte-lymphocyte ratio: HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.21-1.66, p < 0.001). High levels of neutrophil- lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio were also associated with poor relapse-free survival, while platelet-lymphocyte ratio was not. In conclusion, baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio were identified as independent predictors for the prognosis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sümeyre Seda Ertekin
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Dermatology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cristina Mangas
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Carrera
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sebastian Podlipnik
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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Utsumi M, Inagaki M, Kitada K, Tokunaga N, Yunoki K, Sakurai Y, Okabayashi H, Hamano R, Miyasou H, Tsunemitsu Y, Otsuka S. Preoperative Myosteatosis and Prognostic Nutritional Index Predict Survival in Older Patients With Resected Biliary Tract Cancer. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2024; 4:147-156. [PMID: 38434914 PMCID: PMC10905280 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Background/Aim Sarcopenia accompanied by systemic inflammation is associated with poor prognosis in patients with cancer. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia (myopenia and myosteatosis) and systemic inflammatory markers in older patients (aged ≥80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer. Patients and Methods Patients who underwent resection for biliary tract cancer between July 2010 and January 2023 at the NHO Fukuyama Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative computed tomography measured myopenia and myosteatosis, using the psoas muscle index and modified intramuscular adipose tissue content. Associations between clinicopathological characteristics, inflammation-based prognostic scores, and overall survival were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Univariate analysis revealed low C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (<0.125), low prognostic nutritional index (<42), low modified intramuscular adipose tissue content, higher T-stage (T3-4), lymph node metastasis, and postoperative complications associated with worse overall survival in older patients (aged ≥ 80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer (n=48). Multivariate analysis identified low prognostic nutritional index (<42) (p=0.007), low modified intramuscular adipose tissue content (p=0.015), higher T-stage (T3-4) (p<0.001), lymph node metastasis (p=0.001), and postoperative complications (p=0.017) as independent predictors of overall survival. Conclusion Preoperative myosteatosis and low prognostic nutritional index are independent prognostic factors for overall survival in older patients (aged ≥80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer. These factors may be useful for risk stratification and clinical decision-making. Early interventions, such as nutritional support and physical exercise, may improve outcomes after resection of biliary tract cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Utsumi
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Masaru Inagaki
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Koji Kitada
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Tokunaga
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yunoki
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Yuya Sakurai
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | | | - Ryosuke Hamano
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyasou
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | | | - Shinya Otsuka
- Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center, Fukuyama, Japan
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5
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Meves ES, Meves A. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio: lack of association with sentinel lymph node biopsy status and relapse-free survival in cutaneous melanoma patients. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:e329-e330. [PMID: 35959518 PMCID: PMC9918599 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Meves
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Dermatology, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Hirschhorn D, Budhu S, Kraehenbuehl L, Gigoux M, Schröder D, Chow A, Ricca JM, Gasmi B, De Henau O, Mangarin LMB, Li Y, Hamadene L, Flamar AL, Choi H, Cortez CA, Liu C, Holland A, Schad S, Schulze I, Betof Warner A, Hollmann TJ, Arora A, Panageas KS, Rizzuto GA, Duhen R, Weinberg AD, Spencer CN, Ng D, He XY, Albrengues J, Redmond D, Egeblad M, Wolchok JD, Merghoub T. T cell immunotherapies engage neutrophils to eliminate tumor antigen escape variants. Cell 2023; 186:1432-1447.e17. [PMID: 37001503 PMCID: PMC10994488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies, including adoptive T cell transfer, can be ineffective because tumors evolve to display antigen-loss-variant clones. Therapies that activate multiple branches of the immune system may eliminate escape variants. Here, we show that melanoma-specific CD4+ T cell therapy in combination with OX40 co-stimulation or CTLA-4 blockade can eradicate melanomas containing antigen escape variants. As expected, early on-target recognition of melanoma antigens by tumor-specific CD4+ T cells was required. Surprisingly, complete tumor eradication was dependent on neutrophils and partly dependent on inducible nitric oxide synthase. In support of these findings, extensive neutrophil activation was observed in mouse tumors and in biopsies of melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint blockade. Transcriptomic and flow cytometry analyses revealed a distinct anti-tumorigenic neutrophil subset present in treated mice. Our findings uncover an interplay between T cells mediating the initial anti-tumor immune response and neutrophils mediating the destruction of tumor antigen loss variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hirschhorn
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadna Budhu
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lukas Kraehenbuehl
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Gigoux
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Schröder
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Chow
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob M Ricca
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Billel Gasmi
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier De Henau
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Levi Mark B Mangarin
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanyun Li
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda Hamadene
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne-Laure Flamar
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyejin Choi
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Czrina A Cortez
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cailian Liu
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aliya Holland
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Schad
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isabell Schulze
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allison Betof Warner
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Travis J Hollmann
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arshi Arora
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine S Panageas
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabrielle A Rizzuto
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebekka Duhen
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrew D Weinberg
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christine N Spencer
- Department of Informatics, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Ng
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Xue-Yan He
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - David Redmond
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Hartman Institute for Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine and Graduate Schools, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine and Graduate Schools, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Fortes C, Mastroeni S, Zappalà AR, Passarelli F, Ricci F, Abeni D, Michelozzi P. Early inflammatory biomarkers and melanoma survival. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:752-758. [PMID: 36872079 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the role of inflammatory markers in predicting cutaneous melanoma survival. The aim of the study was to identify, if any, early inflammatory markers in the prognosis of all stages of primary cutaneous melanoma. METHODS We conducted a 10-year cohort study among 2,141 melanoma patients from the same geographic area (Lazio) with primary cutaneous melanoma diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2013. In situ cutaneous melanoma was excluded from the analysis (N = 288), leaving 1,853 cases of invasive cutaneous melanoma. The following hematological markers were obtained from clinical records: white blood cells count (WBC), count and percentages of neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and large unstained cells (LUC). Survival probability was estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods, and prognostic factors were evaluated by multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model). RESULTS In the multivariate analysis, high levels of NLR (>2.1 vs. ≤2.1, HR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14-2.29, P = 0.007) and high levels of d-NLR (>1.5 vs. ≤1.5, HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.16-2.35, P = 0.005) were independently associated with an increased risk of 10-year melanoma mortality. However, when we stratified by Breslow thickness and clinical stage, we observed that NLR and d-NLR were good markers of prognosis only for patients with Breslow thickness of 2.0 mm and more (NLR, HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.04-2.50; d-NLR, HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.09-2.62) or clinical stage II-IV (NLR, HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.01-2.37; d-NLR, HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11-2.66), independent of other prognostic factors. CONCLUSION We suggest that a combination of NLR and Breslow thickness may be a useful, cheap, and readily available prognostic marker for cutaneous melanoma survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Michelozzi
- Department of Epidemiology of the Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
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8
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Hu H, Archer C, Yip D, Peters G. Clinical predictors of survival in real world practice in stage IV melanoma. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1691. [PMID: 36161287 PMCID: PMC9939985 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM While studies continually identify new clinical prognostic factors in stage IV melanoma, the introduction of targeted and immunotherapies have revolutionised the prognosis of advanced melanoma since 2011. The study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of past and newly identified clinical factors in a contemporary cohort. METHODS A retrospective analysis of The Canberra Hospital melanoma database identified 161 patients with Stage IV melanoma between 2011 and 2017. Survival was analysed by demographics and clinical factors with chi-square tests to determine significance. Logistic binary regression was performed to test the independence of the clinical factors on predicting the survival outcome. RESULTS Overall, the 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month stage IV melanoma survival rate of our cohort was 79%, 67%, 55%, and 45%, respectively. Age, sex, and BRAF mutation status were found to have no impact on survival, whereas M1d category of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging (8th edition), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) >3, elevated serum LDH, more than three metastatic sites, brain metastases, poorer Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) status were associated with poorer survival. Binary logistic regression test identified AJCC staging, NLR (cutoff score 3), LDH, and brain metastases as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Most clinical factors investigated in this study were found to have a statistically significant impact on survival, with AJCC (8th edition) staging M1a-M1d, NLR (cutoff score 3), LDH, and brain metastases identified as independent prognostic factors in stage IV melanoma from a contemporary cohort treated with targeted therapies and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien‐Pang Hu
- ANU Medical SchoolAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - Christine Archer
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Canberra HospitalCanberraAustralia
- College of Nursing & Health SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Desmond Yip
- ANU Medical SchoolAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Canberra HospitalCanberraAustralia
| | - Geoffrey Peters
- ANU Medical SchoolAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Canberra HospitalCanberraAustralia
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9
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Gui Z, Hu W, Kong Q, Liu C, Xu Y, Wang F. Esophageal stenosis as an independent factor of poor prognosis in patients with ESCC treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Future Oncol 2022; 18:4193-4207. [PMID: 36651337 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcome and elucidate the prognostic factors in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Patients: Data for patients newly diagnosed with ESCC receiving definitive CRT at our institution between 2012 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 201 patients were included. Severe stenosis after radiotherapy was an independent factor relevant to prognosis. Maximal esophageal wall thickness, short-term responses, severe stenosis at diagnosis and a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for the occurrence of severe stenosis after radiotherapy. Conclusion: Severe stenosis after radiotherapy is a useful predictive indicator in patients with ESCC receiving definitive CRT. Further studies are needed to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxuan Gui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Second People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechen Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
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Prognostic Potential of the Baseline Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio in Stage I to III Melanoma Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184410. [PMID: 36139570 PMCID: PMC9496745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognostic biomarkers derived from complete blood count (CBC) have received marked interest as an indirect measure of the inflammatory pressure in cancers such as metastatic melanoma. Here, we evaluated the novel pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and the frequently assessed neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in a large cohort of patients with cutaneous melanoma (CM) without distant metastases (stages I to III). PIV and NLR were calculated at CM diagnosis. Healthy controls were also included. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate crude survival probabilities and used Cox proportional hazards regression for multiple adjustment of hazard ratios. We observed that higher PIV (HR: 1.72, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.58 and HR: 1.696, 95% CI 1.029 to 2.795, respectively) and NLR (HR: 1.70, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.62) values were associated with CM relapse and CM-specific death in the crude analysis. However, when adjusting for potential confounders, in particular age and tumor thickness, the total effect of PIV and NLR on CM-relapse-free (HR: 1.28, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.98 and HR: 1.26, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.98, respectively) and CM-specific survival (HR: 1.36, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.30 and HR: 1.37, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.33, respectively) was substantially reduced. However, both PIV and NLR were positively correlated with age and tumor thickness, which are important independent predictors for CM relapse and CM-specific death. In conclusion, in stage I to III CM patients PIV as well as NLR appear to be confounded by age and tumor thickness and probably have no potential to further improve the prediction of survival of stage I to III CM patients beyond standard prognostic factors.
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Wade RG, Bailey S, Robinson AV, Lo MCI, Peach H, Moncrieff MDS, Martin J. MelRisk: Using neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to improve risk prediction models for metastatic cutaneous melanoma in the sentinel lymph node. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022; 75:1653-1660. [PMID: 34953745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying metastatic melanoma in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) is important because 80% of SLN biopsies are negative and 11% of patients develop complications. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a biomarker of micrometastatic disease, could improve prediction models for SLN status. We externally validated existing models and developed 'MelRisk' prognostic score to better predict SLN metastasis. METHODS The models were externally validated using data from a multicenter cohort study of 1,251 adults. Additionally, we developed and internally validated a new prognostic score `MelRisk', using candidate predictors derived from the extant literature. RESULTS The Karakousis model had a C-statistic of 0.58 (95% CI, 0.54-0.62). The Sondak model had a C-statistic of 0.57 (95% CI 0.53-0.61). The MIA model had a C-statistic of 0.60 (95% CI. 0.56-0.64). Our 'MelRisk' model (which used Breslow thickness, ulceration, age, anatomical site, and the NLR) showed an adjusted C-statistic of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.56-0.64). CONCLUSION Our prediction tool is freely available in the Google Play Store and Apple App Store, and we invite colleagues to externally validate its performance .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryckie G Wade
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
| | - Samuel Bailey
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Alyss V Robinson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michelle C I Lo
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Howard Peach
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Marc D S Moncrieff
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - James Martin
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Pinto-Paz ME, Cotrina-Concha JM, Benites-Zapata VA. Mortality in cutaneous malignant melanoma and its association with Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 29:100464. [PMID: 34598061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) incidence has risen rapidly in the last 50 years. Poor progression and high mortality characterize CMM, making a thorough understanding of progression and associated factors essential for optimizing care. AIMS We assessed the association between the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and mortality in adults with CMM from an entirely mixed-race Hispanic population during 12 consecutive years of extensive follow-up. MATERIAL & METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital in Peru. NLR was categorized with a cutoff value higher or equal than 3. We collected demographic variables, laboratory results and treatments at baseline of follow-up. Cox regression analysis was performed, and we calculated crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence interval (95%CI). RESULTS The analysis was from 615 CMM cases, and there were 378 deaths. Most melanomas (63.6%) were acral lentiginous. The crude analysis showed that high NLR is a risk factor for mortality, HR = 2.52; 95%CI (2.03-3.14). High NRL ratio remains statistically significant after adjusting for confounding variables, aHR = 1.61; 95%CI (1.16-2.24). Other risk factors for mortality were clinical stages III and IV, older than 60 years, females and greater Breslow thickness. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that high NRL ratio is a risk factor for mortality and should be monitored in every patient who is diagnosed with malignant melanoma during their first blood count. It should then be carried out in follow-up controls for patients of clinical stage III and IV only, or in patients who present a relapse.
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Lee BM, Cho Y, Kim JW, Jeung HC, Lee IJ. Prognostic Significance of Sarcopenia in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1581. [PMID: 32984018 PMCID: PMC7492547 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia, systemic inflammation, and low muscularity significantly impact the survival of cancer patients. However, few studies have investigated how sarcopenia and systemic inflammation affect the prognosis of biliary tract cancer with distant metastasis. In this study, we investigated the association between sarcopenia with systemic inflammation and prognosis of metastatic biliary tract cancer. Materials and Methods: Data collected from 353 metastatic biliary tract cancer patients from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed. To evaluate the skeletal muscle mass, computed tomography images at the upper level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) were used. Sarcopenia was defined using the Japan Society of Hepatology guideline; L3 muscle index <42 cm2/m2 for male and <38 cm2/m2 for female patients. Systemic inflammation was evaluated using the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Patients with NLR > 3 were categorized into the inflammatory category. The overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Subgroup analysis was performed on those who received gemcitabine/cisplatin (GP) chemotherapy and depending on the presence of sarcopenia and inflammation. Results: Patients with sarcopenia showed lesser 1-year OS than those without (25.5 vs. 38.2%, p = 0.019). The patients with high NLR (NLR > 3) were associated with a shorter OS than were those with a low NLR (NLR ≤ 3) (21.0 vs. 52.8%, p < 0.001). Based on these results, we categorized the patients into three groups; sarcopenia accompanied by high NLR, no sarcopenia and low NLR, and either sarcopenia or high NLR. The OS of patients was well-stratified according to this grouping (1-year OS; 18.3 vs. 30.3 vs. 55.8%, p < 0.001). Concordant with OS results, the PFS was well-stratified based on the presence of either sarcopenia or high NLR (Sarcopenia; 9.5 vs. 19.4%, p < 0.001, NLR; 10.0 vs. 23.4%, p < 0.001). The PFS was significantly associated with high NLR and sarcopenia (1-year PFS; 7.8 vs. 13.0 vs. 27.9%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Sarcopenia with inflammation was associated with inferior OS and PFS. In addition, sarcopenia accompanied by inflammation was associated with poor prognosis. Conservative treatments such as nutritional support, exercise, and pharmacologic intervention could help metastatic biliary tract cancer patients to overcome sarcopenia and the inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Min Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeona Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Won Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hei Cheul Jeung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ik Jae Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Cohen JT, Miner TJ, Vezeridis MP. Is the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio a useful prognostic indicator in melanoma patients? Melanoma Manag 2020; 7:MMT47. [PMID: 32922729 PMCID: PMC7475797 DOI: 10.2217/mmt-2020-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is gaining traction as a biomarker with utility in a variety of malignancies including melanoma. Intact lymphocyte function is necessary for tumor surveillance and destruction, and neutrophils play a role in suppressing lymphocyte proliferation and in the induction of lymphocyte apoptosis. Early research in melanoma indicates that in high-risk localized melanoma, a high NLR is correlated with worse overall and disease-free survival. Similarly, in metastatic melanoma treated with both metastasectomy and immunotherapies, an elevated NLR is predictive of shortened overall survival and progression-free survival. Future studies incorporating NLR into more traditional melanoma prognostic markers while employing more granular outcomes, are needed to realize the full potential of NLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Cohen
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Thomas J Miner
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Michael P Vezeridis
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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15
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Robinson AV, Keeble C, Lo MCI, Thornton O, Peach H, Moncrieff MDS, Dewar DJ, Wade RG. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and locoregional melanoma: a multicentre cohort study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:559-568. [PMID: 31974724 PMCID: PMC7113207 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory biomarker which is useful in cancer prognostication. We aimed to investigate the differences in baseline NLR between patients with localised and metastatic cutaneous melanoma and how this biomarker changed over time with the recurrence of disease. METHODS This multicentre cohort study describes patients treated for Stage I-III cutaneous melanoma over 10 years. The baseline NLR was measured immediately prior to surgery and again at the time of discharge or disease recurrence. The odds ratios (OR) for sentinel node involvement are estimated using mixed-effects logistic regression. The risk of recurrence is estimated using multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS Overall 1489 individuals were included. The mean baseline NLR was higher in patients with palpable nodal disease compared to those with microscopic nodal or localised disease (2.8 versus 2.4 and 2.3, respectively; p < 0.001). A baseline NLR ≥ 2.3 was associated with 30% higher odds of microscopic metastatic melanoma in the sentinel lymph node [adjusted OR 1.3 (95% CI 1.3, 1.3)]. Following surgery, 253 patients (18.7%) developed recurrent melanoma during surveillance although there was no statistically significant association between the baseline NLR and the risk of recurrence [adjusted HR 0.9 (0.7, 1.1)]. CONCLUSION The NLR is associated with the volume of melanoma at presentation and may predict occult sentinel lymph metastases. Further prospective work is required to investigate how NLR may be modelled against other clinicopathological variables to predict outcomes and to understand the temporal changes in NLR following surgery for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyss V Robinson
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claire Keeble
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michelle C I Lo
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Owen Thornton
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Howard Peach
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Marc D S Moncrieff
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Donald J Dewar
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Ryckie G Wade
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
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16
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Wagner NB, Luttermann F, Gassenmaier M, Forschner A, Leiter U, Garbe C, Eigentler TK. Absolute and relative differential blood count predicts survival of AJCC stage I-II melanoma patients scheduled for sentinel lymph node biopsy. Australas J Dermatol 2020; 61:e310-e318. [PMID: 32050042 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in metastatic melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy. However, the impact of peripheral blood cells in patients undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is still unclear. This study was intended to characterize the impact of peripheral blood leukocytic cells on overall survival (OS) in melanoma patients undergoing SLNB. METHODS A total of 1412 AJCC stage I-II melanoma patients scheduled for SLNB at a single institution in the period 2010-2015 with available perioperative blood tests were randomly assigned to two independent cohorts. Associations of peripheral blood leukocytes with OS were analysed using Kaplan-Meier estimator and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS NLR >4.26, absolute neutrophil count >5800/µL, relative neutrophil count >69.7% and relative lymphocyte count ≤ 17.5% were significantly associated with reduced OS in both cohorts. Absolute monocytes >810/µL, absolute eosinophils ≤200/µL, relative monocytes >6.6%, relative eosinophils ≤2.7% and relative basophils ≤0.6% were significantly associated with reduced OS in one cohort each. On multivariate analysis, a combined score including absolute levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils was significantly associated with OS in both cohorts. The hazard ratio of patients with a risk score of 3-4 was 5.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.52-19.42, P = 0.0094) in cohort 1 and 9.42 (2.06-43.06, P = 0.0038) in cohort 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that peripheral blood leukocytes are independently associated with OS in stage I-II melanoma patients and should be considered as prognostic markers in these patients. Eosinophils and basophils deserve more attention in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus B Wagner
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Tubingen, University Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Felix Luttermann
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Tubingen, University Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Gassenmaier
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Tubingen, University Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Forschner
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Tubingen, University Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Leiter
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Tubingen, University Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Tubingen, University Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Thomas K Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Tubingen, University Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
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Testori AAE, Ribero S, Indini A, Mandalà M. Adjuvant Treatment of Melanoma: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. Am J Clin Dermatol 2019; 20:817-827. [PMID: 31177507 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-019-00456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for early stage melanoma, and this strategy is initially curative for the vast majority of patients. However, only approximately 40-60% of high-risk patients who undergo surgery alone will be disease-free at 5 years. These patients will ultimately experience loco-regional relapse or relapse at distant sites. The main aim of adjuvant therapies is to reduce the recurrence rate of radically operated patients at high risk and to potentially improve survival. Recent practice changing results with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies have been published in stage III/IV melanoma patients, after surgical complete resection, and have dramatically improved the landscape of adjuvant therapy. Interferon-α, ipilimumab, and more recently anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibodies and BRAF inhibitors plus MEK inhibitors have been approved in the adjuvant setting by the US Food and Drug Administration; similarly, the same drugs are approved by the European Medicines Agency with the exception of ipilimumab. A completely new scenario is emerging in the neoadjuvant setting as well: in locally advanced or metastatic disease, patients may partially respond to neoadjuvant therapy and become virtually resectable with systemic control of disease. This review summarizes the current state of the field and describes new strategies tracing the history of adjuvant therapy in melanoma, with a view on future projects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone Ribero
- Medical Sciences Department, Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alice Indini
- Melanoma Unit, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mario Mandalà
- Melanoma Unit, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
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19
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Bartlett EK, Flynn JR, Panageas KS, Ferraro RA, Sta Cruz JM, Postow MA, Coit DG, Ariyan CE. High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with treatment failure and death in patients who have melanoma treated with PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy. Cancer 2019; 126:76-85. [PMID: 31584709 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor survival in patients with cancer, including those who receive immunotherapies. The authors sought to investigate NLR as a biomarker of treatment outcomes in patients with melanoma who were treated with PD-1 inhibition. METHODS Patients undergoing initial treatment with PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy for stage IV melanoma at a single center from 2012 to 2015 were included. Clinical characteristics and the NLR at baseline and before subsequent treatment cycles were collected. The time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and landmark analyses. RESULTS Among 224 study patients, 63 (28%) had a baseline NLR ≥5. The baseline NLR was significantly associated with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and the number of involved metastatic sites. With a median follow-up of 39 months in survivors, a baseline NLR ≥5 was independently associated with shorter OS (hazard ratio, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3-2.9) and TTF (hazard ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4). An NLR increase ≥30% during the first 2 cycles of treatment was associated with worse OS (median, 47 vs 13.5 months; P < .001) and a trend toward shorter TTF (12.8 vs 5.9 months; P = .05). A combined baseline NLR ≥5 and an NLR increase ≥30% identified a small cohort with markedly shortened OS (median, 5.8 months) and TTF (median, 1.8 months). CONCLUSIONS Elevated baseline NLR and an increased NLR early during treatment are prognostic for TTF and OS in patients who have melanoma treated with PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy. Combined, these biomarkers can widely risk-stratify patients for treatment failure and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund K Bartlett
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jessica R Flynn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Katherine S Panageas
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard A Ferraro
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jessica M Sta Cruz
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael A Postow
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charlotte E Ariyan
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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21
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Brooks WC, Votanopoulos KI, Russell GB, Shen P, Levine EA. Evaluation of Chest Radiographs and Laboratory Testing during Melanoma Staging Procedures. Am Surg 2019; 85:505-510. [PMID: 31126364 PMCID: PMC6743493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chest radiographs (CXRs) and laboratory testing have historically been performed as a part of low-risk melanoma (clinical stage 1/2) workup. This study evaluates the utility of routine CXRs and laboratory testing during the staging of clinical stage 1 and 2 melanoma patients. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Wake Forest University. A database of sentinel lymph node biopsies performed for clinical stage 1 or 2 melanoma was used to identify early-stage melanoma patients. The medical records of patients with melanoma were reviewed and preoperative workup procedures were recorded. Four hundred sixty-three patients were reviewed. A total of 315 patients underwent a preoperative CXR, whereas 309 received some laboratory testing. After sentinel node biopsies, 168 patients had pathologic stage 1 disease, 103 stage 2, and 44 stage 3. None of the CXRs (0%) correctly identified metastatic melanoma. Suspicious locations on CXRs and laboratory testing did not lead to metastatic findings in any patient within a year. Metastatic melanoma was not found in any patient by screening with CXRs or laboratory testing during preoperative workup. We recommend not conducting CXRs or laboratory testing during workup for surgical melanoma patients because of charges and anxiety these tests can cause. CXRs, blood tests, and metabolic panels have historically been ordered for early melanoma patients, although debate remains on their efficacy. Surgical patient records were retrospectively reviewed for these tests and no benefit was found.
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Brooks WC, Votanopoulos KI, Russell GB, Shen P, Levine EA. Evaluation of Chest Radiographs and Laboratory Testing during Melanoma Staging Procedures. Am Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481908500528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chest radiographs (CXRs) and laboratory testing have historically been performed as a part of low-risk melanoma (clinical stage 1/2) workup. This study evaluates the utility of routine CXRs and laboratory testing during the staging of clinical stage 1 and 2 melanoma patients. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Wake Forest University. A database of sentinel lymph node biopsies performed for clinical stage 1 or 2 melanoma was used to identify early-stage melanoma patients. The medical records of patients with melanoma were reviewed and pre-operative workup procedures were recorded. Four hundred sixty-three patients were reviewed. A total of 315 patients underwent a preoperative CXR, whereas 309 received some laboratory testing. After sentinel node biopsies, 168 patients had pathologic stage 1 disease, 103 stage 2, and 44 stage 3. None of the CXRs (0%) correctly identified metastatic melanoma. Suspicious locations on CXRs and laboratory testing did not lead to metastatic findings in any patient within a year. Metastatic melanoma was not found in any patient by screening with CXRs or laboratory testing during preoperative workup. We recommend not conducting CXRs or laboratory testing during workup for surgical melanoma patients because of charges and anxiety these tests can cause. CXRs, blood tests, and metabolic panels have historically been ordered for early melanoma patients, although debate remains on their efficacy. Surgical patient records were retrospectively reviewed for these tests and no benefit was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson C. Brooks
- Surgical Oncology Service, Departments of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Konstantinos I. Votanopoulos
- Surgical Oncology Service, Departments of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Gregory B. Russell
- Surgical Oncology Service, Departments of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Perry Shen
- Surgical Oncology Service, Departments of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Edward A. Levine
- Surgical Oncology Service, Departments of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
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Siristatidis C, Christoforaki V, Zafeiriou Z, Mastorakos G, Vrantza T, Daskalakis G. First trimester neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and pregnancy outcomes in medically assisted reproduction (MAR): a case control study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:434-438. [PMID: 30614314 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2018.1534949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As success rates after medically assisted reproduction (MAR) technologies have remained constantly limited during the last years, there has been a systematic effort to predict clinical outcomes. There is currently weak evidence to name the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as an accurate predictor in MAR. Through a case control study, and by setting strict eligibility criteria, we enrolled 66 women (35 with negative outcome and 31 cycles with live birth), in terms of NLR at the time of oocyte retrieval. Clinical and IVF cycle characteristics were comparable in a normalized population. There was a positive correlation between NLR and the age of the woman (r = 0.310, p=.011 and rs =0.363, p=.033). Higher odds ratios (ORs) of MAR positive outcome were detected only at higher NLR values, when NLR was divided into quartiles, but only in the 4th quartile [OR =4.33 (95%CI: 1.02-10.79)]. ROC curve resulted on an AUC equal to 0.660 (95%CI: 0.529-0.791) and p value .025. The estimated specificity, sensitivity and cutoff point were 0.57, 0.548, and 1.98, respectively, while PPV and NPV values were 70.6% and 59.3%, respectively. In conclusion, NLR was positively correlated with maternal age; in our study cohort, MAR failure was associated with lower NLR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Siristatidis
- a Third Department Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit , "Attikon Hospital", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Viktoria Christoforaki
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University Hospital of Heraklion , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Zafeiris Zafeiriou
- c "Theagenio" Anticancer Hospital of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - George Mastorakos
- d Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Tereza Vrantza
- a Third Department Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit , "Attikon Hospital", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - George Daskalakis
- e First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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High baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts worse outcome in patients with metastatic BRAF-positive melanoma treated with BRAF and MEK inhibitors. Melanoma Res 2019; 28:435-441. [PMID: 29782381 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to be prognostic in several solid malignancies. There are limited data regarding its value during novel therapies in patients with melanoma. The aim of the study was to assess the practical utility of this ratio in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma treated with a combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi). We included 215 patients with inoperable or metastatic melanoma who underwent BRAFi/MEKi treatment between October 2015 and June 2017. Baseline NLR and other complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers were tested for association with overall survival and progression-free survival in univariate and multivariate models. On-treatment NLR was also assessed for relationship with these outcomes using the time-dependent Cox's proportional hazard model. Prognostic model based on NLR and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels was also developed. Patients with NLR values more than four had poorer progression-free survival (P<0.001, 1-year rates 51.6 vs. 26.7%) and overall survival (P<0.001, 1-year rates 77.3 vs. 53.1%). In a multivariate model adjusted for LDH levels, metastatic sites and age baseline NLR ratio and delay in starting MEKi were deemed statistically significant (hazard ratio: 1.81; 95% confidence interval: 1.16-2.85; P=0.009 and hazard ratio: 2.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.24-3.44, P=0.005 respectively). In a model based on NLR and LDH, 1-year survival rates were 57, 40 and 23%, respectively if zero, one or both factors were elevated. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of NLR and a predictive model based on combinations of NLR and LDH as a prognostic markers during BRAFi/MEKi treatment. Our real-world data confirm the efficacy of BRAFi/MEKi therapy showed in the clinical trials.
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25
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McKean MA, Amaria RN. Multidisciplinary treatment strategies in high-risk resectable melanoma: Role of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 70:144-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Wade RG, Robinson AV, Lo MCI, Keeble C, Marples M, Dewar DJ, Moncrieff MDS, Peach H. Baseline Neutrophil-Lymphocyte and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratios as Biomarkers of Survival in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 25:3341-3349. [PMID: 30066226 PMCID: PMC6132419 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background In the peripheral blood, the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) change in response to malignancy. These biomarkers are associated with adverse outcomes in numerous cancers, but the evidence is limited in relation to melanoma. This study sought to investigate the association between these biomarkers and survival in Stages I–III cutaneous melanoma. Methods This multicenter cohort study investigated a consecutive series of patients who underwent wide excision of biopsy-proven cutaneous melanoma and sentinel lymph node biopsy during a 10-year period. The baseline NLR and PLR were calculated immediately before sentinel lymph node biopsy. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for overall and melanoma-specific survival were generated. Results Overall, 1351 patients were included in the study. During surveillance, 184 of these patients died (14%), with 141 of the deaths (77%) attributable to melanoma. Worse overall survival was associated with a baseline NLR lower than 2.5 [HR 2.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0 to 2.3; p < 0.001] and a baseline PLR lower than 100 (HR 1.8; 95% CI 1.7 to 1.8; p < 0.001). Melanoma-specific survival also was worse, with a baseline NLR lower than 2.5 (HR 1.9; 95% CI 1.6 to 2.2; p < 0.001) and a baseline PLR lower than 100 (HR 1.9; 95% CI 1.7 to 2.2; p < 0.001). The 5-year survival for patients with sentinel lymph node metastases and a low NLR and PLR was approximately 50%. Conclusion This study provides important new data on biomarkers in early-stage melanoma, which contrast with biomarker profiles in advanced disease. These biomarkers may represent the host inflammatory response to melanoma and therefore could help select patients for adjuvant therapy and enhanced surveillance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1245/s10434-018-6660-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryckie G Wade
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
| | - Alyss V Robinson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michelle C I Lo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Claire Keeble
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Maria Marples
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Donald J Dewar
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Marc D S Moncrieff
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK.,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Howard Peach
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
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Significance of Preoperative Systemic Immune Score for Stage I Gastric Cancer Patients. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:3249436. [PMID: 30116261 PMCID: PMC6079442 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3249436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Determining preferences regarding the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for stage I GC is critical. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 1069 patients with pathologically confirmed stage I GC who underwent R0 gastrectomy between 2006 and 2014. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were conducted. Systemic inflammation factors were used to develop a scoring system for predicting AC benefits. Results With a median follow-up of 47 months (range 3–113 months), the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 90.5%. The patient score was 1 for either a pretreatment hypoalbuminemia or elevated derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) and was 0 otherwise. The SIS served as an independent prognostic factor for reduced OS. AC was delivered to 13.5% (144/1069) of all patients. Compared to surgery alone, AC had no significant effect on survival in both the entire cohort and the IA/IB subgroup. However, in the high-risk group (SIS = 2), patients with AC had a significantly better OS than those undergoing surgery alone. Conclusions Patients with SIS = 2 may benefit from AC and thus may be considered candidates for adjuvant treatment. However, to confirm our findings, future prospective studies are warranted.
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28
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Ding Y, Zhang S, Qiao J. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in melanoma: Evidence from a PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11446. [PMID: 30045267 PMCID: PMC6078713 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have investigated the prognostic impact of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with melanoma but the results were controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the prognostic value of NLR in melanoma. METHODS The databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched. Associations between NLR and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were investigated by pooling hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 12 studies comprising 3207 patients were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that a high NLR was associated with poor OS (HR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.64-3.04, P < .001, random-effects model) and PFS (HR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.78-2.69, P < .001, fixed-effects model). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that NLR was still associated with poor OS and PFS for patients in Western countries who were treated with ipilimumab. No significant publication bias was found in this meta-analysis. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis demonstrated that a high NLR was predictive of poor OS and PFS in patients with melanoma.
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Zhan H, Ma JY, Jian QC. Prognostic significance of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in melanoma patients: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 484:136-140. [PMID: 29856976 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, the prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been widely evaluated in many cancers. Here we assessed the prognostic value of pretreatment NLR in melanoma. METHODS A range of online databases was systematically searched up to March,2018 for identify available studies which assessed the prognostic significance of NLR. Data from studies reporting a hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were weighted by generic inverse-variance and pooled in random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Twelve studies with 4593 individuals were included. Patients with elevated NLR had a significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.28-1.90, p < .001) and disease-free survival (DFS)/progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.24-2.80; P = .003). Subgroup analyses showed that the negative prognostic effect of elevated NLR on OS remained substantial in North American and Europen populations and patients with non-metastatic and metastatic stage. Additionally, elevated NLR was related to worse OS in patients with melanoma, regardless of the sample size and the cut-off value. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that elevated pretreatment NLR was associated with poor prognosis in melanoma patients, suggesting NLR might be a prognostic factor in patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhan
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital of Edong Healthcare Group, Hubei Polytechnic University, No. 141, Tianjin Road, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Jian-Ying Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital of Edong Healthcare Group, Hubei Polytechnic University, No. 141, Tianjin Road, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Qi-Chao Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital of Edong Healthcare Group, Hubei Polytechnic University, No. 141, Tianjin Road, Huangshi, Hubei, China.
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30
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Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as a predictor for recurrence in patients with stage III melanoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4044. [PMID: 29511262 PMCID: PMC5840418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a strong predictor for overall survival and disease free survival in many cancers. Our study is the first investigation aiming to determine the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on prognosis of patients with stage III melanoma. This retrospective study utilized a cohort of 107 patients with stage III melanoma treated at Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, from May 2002 to March 2016. The optimal cutoff of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was determined by the significance of log-rank tests. A total of 97 log-rank tests were conducted to find the optimal cutoff. Disease free survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and univariable and multivariable Cox models were applied to evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. 2.5 was identified as the optimal cutoff. Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the disease free survival rate of the low value group was significantly higher compared to that of high value group. After adjusting for confounders and other prognostic factors, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 2.5 remained a strong predictor for disease recurrence in patients with stage III melanoma.
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Nayak A, McDowell DT, Kellie SJ, Karpelowsky J. Elevated Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio is Predictive of a Poorer Prognosis for Pediatric Patients with Solid Tumors. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 24:3456-3462. [PMID: 28718035 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-017-6006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to indicate poorer prognosis for adults with solid tumors and potentially represents an independent, universal adjunct prognostic factor. The value of NLR in a pediatric setting has not been evaluated. This study sought to determine the prognostic value of NLR for pediatric patients with solid tumors. METHODS Pediatric patients with solid tumors undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery with curative intent between 2000 and 2014 were eligible for this study. A preoperative peripheral blood count within 1 month of surgery taken after recovery from recent chemotherapy was analyzed in relation to overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). RESULTS This retrospective study enrolled 293 patients. The median age at diagnosis was 46.5 months (range 0.1-206.1 months). Males accounted for 58% of the patients. The median OS was 49 months. An NLR cutoff of 2.5 was used in the analysis. In the univariate analysis, a high NLR was associated with low OS (p = 0.001) and low EFS (p = 0.020). Other factors identified in the univariate analysis that affected survival included metastatic disease at diagnosis (p < 0.001) and tumor type (p = 0.012). The multivariate analyses showed that a high NLR was associated with low OS (p = 0.014) but not with EFS (p = 0.270). The multivariate analysis of neuroblastoma patients found that a high NLR was associated with low OS (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS An elevated NLR is prognostic of a poorer outcome for pediatric patients with solid tumors and potentially represents an independent, universal adjunct prognosticator in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnish Nayak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dermot T McDowell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Stewart J Kellie
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Cancer Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Jonathan Karpelowsky
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. .,Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia. .,Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, Westmead, Australia.
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