Magnetic Lignosulfonate-Supported Pd Complex: Renewable Resource-Derived Catalyst for Aqueous Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction

A novel strategy is described to prepare magnetic Pd nanocatalyst by conjugating lignin with Fe3O4 nanoparticles via activation of calcium lignosulfonate, followed by combination with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Tethering 5-amino-1H-tetrazole to calcium lignosulfonate-magnetite hybrid through 3-chloropropyl triethoxysilane enabled coordination of Pd salt with Fe3O4-lignosulfonate@5-amino-1H-tetrazole. The underlying changes of the lignosulfonate are identified, and the structural morphology of attained Fe3O4-lignosulfonate@5-amino-1H-tetrazole-Pd(II) (FLA-Pd) is characterized by Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetry differential thermal analysis, energy-dispersive spectrometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The synthesized FLA-Pd displayed high activity for phosphine-free C(sp2)-C(sp2) coupling in water, and the catalyst could be reused for seven successive cycles.

Unimolecular Decomposition Reactions of Propylamine and Protonated Propylamine

A detailed computational study of the decomposition reaction mechanisms of cis-propylamine (cis-PA), trans-propylamine (trans-PA), and the cis-isomer of its protonated form (cis-HPA) has been carried out. Fourteen major pathways with their kinetic and thermodynamic parameters are reported. All reported reactions have been located with a concerted transition state, leading to significant products that agree with previous theoretical and experimental studies. Among six decomposition pathways of trans-PA, the formation of propene and NH₃ is the significant one, kinetically and thermodynamically, with an activation energy barrier of 281 kJ mol^-1. The production of two carbenes is found via two different transition states, where the reactions are thermodynamically controlled and reversible. Furthermore, five decomposition pathways of cis-PA have been considered where the formation of ethene, methylimine, and H₂ is the most plausible one with an activation energy barrier of 334 kJ mol^-1. The results show that the formation of propene and NH₄ ⁺ from the decomposition of cis-HPA is the most favorable reaction with an activation barrier of 184 kJ mol^-1, that is, the lowest activation energy calculated for all decomposition pathways.

Covalent attachment of 3-(aminomethyl)pyridine to graphene oxide: a new stabilizer for the synthesis of a palladium thin film at the oil–water interface as an effective catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction

A toluene–water planar interface has been used as an ideal template for the self-assembly of a Pd/3-(aminomethyl) pyridine-reduced graphene oxide nanohybrid.

Design and synthesis of a new phosphinite-functionalized clay composite for the stabilization of palladium nanoparticles. Application as a recoverable catalyst for C–C bond formation reactions

Pd-catalyzed C–C bond formation in green media, combining the advantages of homogeneous IL phase, phosphorylated ligands and a new heterogeneous clay support.