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Probing the biomolecular (DNA/BSA) interaction by new Pd(II) complex via in-depth experimental and computational perspectives: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity, and DFT approach. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [PMCID: PMC8874310 DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Scientists should not forget that the rate of death as a result of cancer is far more than that of other diseases like influenza or coronavirus (COVID-19), so the research in this field is of cardinal significance. Therefore, a new and hydrophilic palladium(II) complex of the general formula [Pd(bpy)(proli-dtc)]NO3, in which bpy and proli-dtc are 2,2'-bipyridine and pyrroline dithiocarbamate ligands, respectively, was synthesized and characterized utilizing spectral and analytical procedures. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was also performed with B3LYP method in the gas phase. The DFT and spectral analysis specified that the Pd(II) atom is found in a square-planar geometry. HOMO/LUMO analysis, quantum chemical parameters and MEP surface of the complex were investigated to acquire an intuition about the nature of the compound. Partition coefficient and water solubility determination showed that both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity of the compound are more than cisplatin. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) value was evaluated against K562 cancer cells, the obtained result has revealed a promising cytotoxic effect. DNA and BSA binding of the complex were explored through multi-spectroscopic (UV–Vis, fluorescence, FRET, and CD) and non-spectroscopic (gel electrophoresis, viscosity and docking simulation) techniques. The obtained findings demonstrated that the complex strongly interacts with CT-DNA by hydrophobic interactions and possesses medium interaction with BSA via hydrogen bond and van der Waals forces, thus BSA could efficiently carry out complex transportation. Furthermore, the results of docking simulation agree well with the experimental findings. In conclusion, the new Pd(II) complex has cytotoxic activity and could interact with DNA and BSA effectively.
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The phosphorescent triplet states of aza-aromatics and their protonated cations in rigid solutions of ethanol and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lapouge C, Poizat O, Buntinx G. An unexpected twisted structure for the 2,2′-bipyridine anion radical evidenced by resonance Raman spectra simulations. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2007.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Poizat O, Buntinx G. Triplet (T1) state time-resolved resonance Raman investigation of 2,2′-bipyridine. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Higuchi J, Hayashi K, Yagi M, Kondo H. Conformations and Zero-Field Splittings in the Lowest Excited Triplet States of meta- and para-Polyphenyl Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Higuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Mikio Yagi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kondo
- Department of Material and Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito 310-8512, Japan
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Ikeyama T, Okabe N, Azumi T. Spin Sublevel Selectivity in Radiative and Non-Radiative Processes of the Lowest Excited Triplet State of 2,2‘-Bipyridine. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0100856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ikeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai 980-0845, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Okabe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tohru Azumi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Higuchi J, Hayashi K, Seki K, Yagi M, Ishizu K, Kohno M, Ibuki E, Tajima K. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of the Lowest Triplet States of Polyphenyl Molecules in Rigid Glasses. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0106101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Higuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kanekazu Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Mikio Yagi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ishizu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-0826, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kohno
- Department of Environmental System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ibuki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kyoto College of Pharmacy, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tajima
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Funayama T, Kato M, Kosugi H, Yagi M, Higuchi J, Yamauchi S. Studies of the Lowest Excited Triplet State of 3,3′-Biisoquinoline(dicyano)platinum(II) [Pt(CN)2(i-biq)] by Means of Time-Resolved Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Optical Spectroscopy. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2000. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.73.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Experimental investigation on the electronic properties of 2,2′-biquinoline. A study by UV-visible spectroscopy. J Mol Liq 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7322(99)00064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Senoue M, Iwaki T, Seki K, Yagi M. Counterion and position-dependent methylation effects on the excited states of zinc(II) complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(96)04452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shioya Y, Yagi M. Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance study of the lowest excited triplet state of trans-cinnamic acid. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(94)03950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yagi M, Kaneshima T, Wada Y, Takemura K, Yokoyama Y. The effects of conformation and coordination to zinc(II) ions on the luminescence properties of 2,2′-bipyridine, methyl-substituted 2,2′-bipyridines and 2,2′-biquinoline. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(94)03842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Position-dependent methylation effects on the triplet states of trans-2,2′-bipyridine, metal-free cis-2,2′-bipyridine and zinc(II) complex with 2,2′-bipyridine. A time-resolved EPR study. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00825-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Room-temperature phosphorescence of 2,2′-biquinoline in polymeric matrices. J CHEM SCI 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yagi M, Kaneshima T, Torii M, Matsuo K, Higuchi J. Effects of counterion on the triplet states of zinc(II) complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline. Chem Phys Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(92)85800-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yagi M, Torii M, Yamauchi N, Kaneshima T, Higuchi J. Effects of conformation on the luminescence properties of 2,2′-bipyridine ans 2,2′-biquinoline. Chem Phys Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(91)90443-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yagi M, Schlyer BD, Maki AH. Optically detected magnetic resonance study of the phosphorescent states of trans-2,2′-bipyridine, metal-free cis-2,2′-bipyridine and [Zn (bpy)]2+. Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(91)87145-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yagi M, Shioya Y, Higuchi J. Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance study of the triplet states of nitronaphthalenes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(91)85105-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Okabe N, Ikeyama T, Azumi T. Spin-sublevel properties of the ππ* triplet state of 2,2′-bipyridine. Is the out-of-plane component most emissive? Chem Phys Lett 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(90)87006-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Yagi M, Shirai H, Ohta J, Higuchi J. The effects of conformation and coordination to zinc(II) ions on the lowest triplet state of 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine: A time-resolved ESR study. Chem Phys Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(89)87545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tanigaki K, Taguchi N, Yagi M, Higuchi J. Study of Conformers of 2,2′-, 3,3′-, and 4,4′-Dimethylbiphenyls in the Phosphorescent Triplet States by Electron Spin Resonance and Phosphorescence. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1989. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.62.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Shioya Y, Yagi M, Higuchi J. A time-resolved electron spin resonance study of the triplet states of 1-nitronaphthalene and 1,4-dinitronaphthalene. Chem Phys Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(89)87431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yagi M, Deguchi Y, Shioya Y, Higuchi J. A time-resolved electron spin resonance study of the triplet states of 2,2′-bipyridine and its singly protonated cation. Chem Phys Lett 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(88)87139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Time-resolved and conventional ESR studies of the excited triplet states of dibenzotetraazamacrocyclic complexes of Al(III) and Ge(IV). Chem Phys Lett 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(86)87180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Effects of protonation and coordination to zinc(II) ion on the triplet state of 2,2′-biquinoline: A time-resolved ESR study. Chem Phys Lett 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(85)85315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yagi M, Makiguchi K, Ohnuki A, Suzuki K, Higuchi J, Nagase S. The Conformers of 2,2′-Bipyridine in the Phosphorescent Triplet State as Studied by Electron Spin Resonance and Phosphorescence. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1985. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.58.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Electron spin resonance of phosphorescent triplet molecules observation of the proton hyperfine structure of Δm = ±2 transitions in stretched poly (vinyl alcohol) films. Chem Phys Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(84)80377-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Koll A, Kolodziej HA, Sorriso S. Experimental and Theoretical Approach to the Molecular Dynamics of Pyridine and Related Molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.1983.134.2.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yagi M, Matsunaga M, Higuchi J. Electron spin resonance and phosphorescence of 4-phenylpyridine, 4,4′-bipyridine and their protonated cations in the triplet states. Chem Phys Lett 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(82)83273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Higuchi J, Yagi M, Saito J, Takanashi M. An Electron Spin Resonance Study of the Phosphorescent Triplet State of Poly(vinylnaphthalene)s. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1981. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.54.2454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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