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Liu M, Higashi K, Ueda K, Moribe K. Supersaturation maintenance of carvedilol and chlorthalidone by cyclodextrin derivatives: Pronounced crystallization inhibition ability of methylated cyclodextrin. Int J Pharm 2023; 637:122876. [PMID: 36963642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin (CD) is used to solubilize poorly water-soluble drugs by inclusion complex formation. In this study, we investigated the effect of CD derivatives on stabilizing the supersaturation by inhibiting the crystallization of two poorly water-soluble drugs, carvedilol (CVD) and chlorthalidone (CLT). The phase solubility test showed that β-CD and γ-CD derivatives enhanced the solubility of CVD to a greater extent, whereas the solubility of CLT was enhanced more by β-CD derivatives. The solubilization efficacy of CD derivatives was dependent on the size fitness between the drug molecule and the CD cavity. In the drug crystallization induction time measurement, the same initial drug supersaturation ratio (S) was employed in all the CD solutions, and the methylated CD derivatives greatly outperformed unmethylated CD derivatives in stabilizing the supersaturation of both CVD and CLT. The crystallization inhibition strength of CD derivatives was strongly affected by the CD derivative substituent. Moreover, the calculated logarithm of octanol/water partition coefficients (log P) of CD derivatives showed a good correlation with drug crystallization inhibition ability. Thus, the high hydrophobicity of methylated CD plays an essential role in inhibiting crystallization. These findings can provide a valuable guide for selecting appropriate stabilizing agents for drug-supersaturation formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Liu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kenjirou Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Moribe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
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2
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Peluso P, Landy D, Nakhle L, Dallocchio R, Dessì A, Krait S, Salgado A, Chankvetadze B, Scriba GK. Isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular modeling study of the complex formation of daclatasvir by γ-cyclodextrin and trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 313:120870. [PMID: 37182961 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The complex formation between daclatasvir and γ-CD or heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD (TM-β-CD) was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular modeling. Both techniques supported the predominant formation of a 2:1 complex in case of γ-CD although a 1:1 complex may be formed to a much lower extent as well. In case of TM-β-CD the stoichiometry of the complex was exclusively 1:1. Complex formation with γ-CD did not require dissociation of the daclatasvir dimer, which is present in solution, and resulted in a complex with a binding constant of 1.67·107 M-2. In contrast, formation of the weak TM-β-CD complex (K = 371 M-1) required dissociation of the daclatasvir dimer. This is in line with the observation that the complex formation in case of γ-CD is enthalpy-driven, while the process is entropy-driven in case of TM-β-CD. It is concluded that the plateau observed in capillary electrophoresis is primarily based on the slow dissociation of the daclatasvir-CD complexes caused by steric constrains due to the folded terminal amino acid moieties of daclatasvir exerting a clip effect. In case γ-CD the thermodynamic stability might contribute to the overall slow dissociation.
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3
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Fourtaka K, Christoforides E, Tzamalis P, Bethanis K. Inclusion of citral isomers in native and methylated cyclodextrins: Structural insights by X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulation analysis. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Peluso P, Chankvetadze B. Native and substituted cyclodextrins as chiral selectors for capillary electrophoresis enantioseparations: Structures, features, application, and molecular modeling. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1676-1708. [PMID: 33956995 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CDs are cyclic oligosaccharides consisting of α-d-glucopyranosyl units linked through 1,4-linkages, which are obtained from enzymatic degradation of starch. The coexistence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions in the same structure makes these macrocycles extremely versatile as complexing host with application in food, cosmetics, environmental, agriculture, textile, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. Due to their inherent chirality, CDs have been also successfully used as chiral selectors in enantioseparation science, in particular, for CE enantioseparations. In the last decades, multidisciplinary approaches based on CE, NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, microcalorimetry, and molecular modeling have shed light on some aspects of recognition mechanisms underlying enantiodiscrimination. With the ever growing improvement of computer facilities, hardware and software, computational techniques have become a useful tool to model at molecular level the dynamics of diastereomeric associate formation to sample low-energy conformations, the binding energies between the enantiomer and the CD, and to profile noncovalent interactions contributing to the stability of CD/enantiomer association. On this basis, the aim of this review is to provide the reader with a critical overview on the applications of CDs in CE. In particular, the contemporary theory of the electrophoretic technique and the main structural features of CDs are described, with a specific focus on techniques, methods, and approaches to model CE enantioseparations promoted by native and substituted CDs. A systematic compilation of all published literature has not been attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB, CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Cova TF, Milne BF, Pais AA. Host flexibility and space filling in supramolecular complexation of cyclodextrins: A free-energy-oriented approach. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 205:42-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Amharar Y, Grandeury A, Sanselme M, Petit S, Coquerel G. A Hybrid Mechanism in Chiral Discrimination Induced by Crystallization of Supramolecular Compounds. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:6027-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301708v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youness Amharar
- Unité de Cristallogenèse, Sciences et
Méthodes Séparatives (SMS) - UPRES EA 3233, IRCOF IMR
4114, Université de ROUEN, Rue Tesnière,
F-76821 Mont Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Grandeury
- Unité de Cristallogenèse, Sciences et
Méthodes Séparatives (SMS) - UPRES EA 3233, IRCOF IMR
4114, Université de ROUEN, Rue Tesnière,
F-76821 Mont Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Morgane Sanselme
- Unité de Cristallogenèse, Sciences et
Méthodes Séparatives (SMS) - UPRES EA 3233, IRCOF IMR
4114, Université de ROUEN, Rue Tesnière,
F-76821 Mont Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Samuel Petit
- Unité de Cristallogenèse, Sciences et
Méthodes Séparatives (SMS) - UPRES EA 3233, IRCOF IMR
4114, Université de ROUEN, Rue Tesnière,
F-76821 Mont Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Gérard Coquerel
- Unité de Cristallogenèse, Sciences et
Méthodes Séparatives (SMS) - UPRES EA 3233, IRCOF IMR
4114, Université de ROUEN, Rue Tesnière,
F-76821 Mont Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
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Li WS, Wang SC, Hwang TS, Chao I. Substituent Effect on the Structural Behavior of Modified Cyclodextrin: A Molecular Dynamics Study on Methylated β-CDs. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:3477-89. [DOI: 10.1021/jp207985q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Sheung Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, 11529
| | - San-Chi Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, 11529
| | | | - Ito Chao
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, 11529
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9
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Abou-Zied OK. Steady-State and Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of 2,2′-Bipyridine-3,3′-diol in Solvents and Cyclodextrins: Polarity and Nanoconfinement Effects on Tautomerization. J Phys Chem B 2009; 114:1069-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp909528e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osama K. Abou-Zied
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Postal Code 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Ventura CA, Puglisi G, Giammona G, Bottino FA. Comparative study on Inclusion compounds of 4-Biphenylacetic acid with β-Cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropylated-β-Cyclodextrins, and methylated-β-Cyclodextrins. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/03639049409050236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Blasio BD, Galdiero S, Saviano M, Simone GD, Benedetti E, Pedone C, Gibbons WA, Deschenaux R, Rizzarelli E, Vecchio G. Functionalized cyclodextrins: Synthesis and structural characterization of 6-deoxy-6-{4-[N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-aminoethyl]-imidazolyl}-cyclomaltoheptaose. Supramol Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10610279608054995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Di Blasio
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Università della Basilicata , Via N. Sauro 85, 85100 , Potenza , Italy
- b Biocrystallography Research Centre, C. N. R., Dipartimento di Chimica , Università “Federico II” di Napoli , via Mezzocannone, 4, 80134 , Napoli , Italy
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- b Biocrystallography Research Centre, C. N. R., Dipartimento di Chimica , Università “Federico II” di Napoli , via Mezzocannone, 4, 80134 , Napoli , Italy
| | - Michele Saviano
- b Biocrystallography Research Centre, C. N. R., Dipartimento di Chimica , Università “Federico II” di Napoli , via Mezzocannone, 4, 80134 , Napoli , Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- b Biocrystallography Research Centre, C. N. R., Dipartimento di Chimica , Università “Federico II” di Napoli , via Mezzocannone, 4, 80134 , Napoli , Italy
| | - Ettore Benedetti
- b Biocrystallography Research Centre, C. N. R., Dipartimento di Chimica , Università “Federico II” di Napoli , via Mezzocannone, 4, 80134 , Napoli , Italy
| | - Carlo Pedone
- b Biocrystallography Research Centre, C. N. R., Dipartimento di Chimica , Università “Federico II” di Napoli , via Mezzocannone, 4, 80134 , Napoli , Italy
| | - William A. Gibbons
- c Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of London , Brunswick Square 29, WC IN 1AX , London , United Kingdom
| | - Robert Deschenaux
- d Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchǎtel , Av. de Bellevaux 51, 2000 , Neuchǎtel , Switzerland
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- e Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , V.le A. Doria 8, 95125 , Catania , Italy
- f Istituto per lo Studio delle Sostanze Naturali di Interesse Alimentare e Chimico Farmaceutico , V.le A. Doria 8, 95125 , Catania , Italy
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- f Istituto per lo Studio delle Sostanze Naturali di Interesse Alimentare e Chimico Farmaceutico , V.le A. Doria 8, 95125 , Catania , Italy
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Caira MR, Griffith VJ, Nassimbeni LR, Oudtshoorn BV. X-ray structures of 1:1 complexes of (L)-menthol with β-cyclodextrin and permethylated β-cyclodextrin. Supramol Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10610279608035185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mino R. Caira
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Cape Town , Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa
| | - Vivienne J. Griffith
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Cape Town , Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa
| | - Luigi R. Nassimbeni
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Cape Town , Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa
| | - Bosch Van Oudtshoorn
- b South African Druggists, Scientific and Medical Affairs , P.O. Box 787028, Sandton, 2146, South Africa
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Kano K, Nishiyabu R, Doi R. Novel Behavior of O-Methylated β-Cyclodextrins in Inclusion of meso-Tetraarylporphyrins. J Org Chem 2005; 70:3667-73. [PMID: 15845005 DOI: 10.1021/jo0500535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] The mechanism for formation of extremely stable 1:2 inclusion complexes of water-soluble meso-tetraarylporphyrins with heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (TMe-beta-CD) in aqueous solutions has been studied by means of NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry. To simplify the system, 5,10,15-tris(3,5-dicarboxylatophenyl)-20-phenylporphyrin (1) was used as a guest porphyrin, because 1 forms only a 1:1 inclusion complex with cyclodextrin (CD). As host compounds, native beta-CD and the O-methylated-beta-CDs such as heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl)- (2,3-DMe-beta-CD), heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)- (2,6-DMe-beta-CD), and TMe-beta-CDs were used. The thermodynamic parameters for complexation such as binding constants (K) and enthalpy (DeltaH degrees ) and entoropy changes (DeltaS degrees ) were determined by means of isothermal titration calorimetry. The K value for complexation of 1 with CD increases in the order beta-CD (K = (1.2 +/- 0.1) x 10(3) M(-)(1)) < 2,6-DMe-beta-CD ((1.2 +/- 0.1) x 10(4) M(-)(1)) << TMe-beta-CD ((6.9 +/- 0.4) x 10(6) M(-)(1)) < 2,3-DMe-beta-CD ((8.5 +/- 0.5) x 10(6) M(-)(1)), indicating participation of the secondary OCH(3) groups in extremely strong complexation of 1 with CD. Complex formation of 1 with beta-CD and 2,6-DMe-beta-CD is an enthalpically and entropically favorable process, while that with TMe-beta-CD and 2,3-DMe-beta-CD is an enthalpically much more favorable but an entropically less favorable process. The thermodynamic parameters suggest that inclusion of 1 into the cavities of TMe-beta-CD and 2,3-DMe-beta-CD is promoted by van der Waals interactions, which are stronger than those in the cases of beta-CD and 2,6-DMe-beta-CD. (13)C NMR spectra show that the conformations of both TMe-beta-CD and 2,3-DMe-beta-CD are altered upon inclusion of 1, while those of beta-CD and 2,6-DMe-beta-CD are mostly retained. On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that induced-fit type complexation of 1 with TMe-beta-CD and 2,3-DMe-beta-CD causes extremely strong binding of the host to the guest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kano
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
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Abstract
Owing to the increasingly globalized nature of the cyclodextrin (CyD)-related science and technology, development of the CyD-based pharmaceutical formulation is rapidly progressing. The pharmaceutically useful CyDs are classified into hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and ionic derivatives. Because of the multi-functional characteristics and bioadaptability, these CyDs are capable of alleviating the undesirable properties of drug molecules through the formation of inclusion complexes or the form of CyD/drug conjugates. This review outlines the current application of CyDs in drug delivery and pharmaceutical formulation, focusing on the following evidences. 1) The hydrophilic CyDs enhance the rate and extent of bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. 2) The amorphous CyDs such as 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-CyD are useful for inhibition of polymorphic transition and crystallization rates of drugs during storage. 3) The delayed release formulation can be obtained by the use of enteric type CyDs such as O-carboxymethyl-O-ethyl-beta-CyD. 4) The hydrophobic CyDs are useful for modification of the release site and/or time profile of water-soluble drugs with prolonged therapeutic effects. 5) The branched CyDs are particularly effective in inhibiting the adsorption to hydrophobic surface of containers and aggregation of polypeptide and protein drugs. 6) The combined use of different CyDs and/or pharmaceutical additives can serve as more functional drug carriers, improving efficacy and reducing side effects. 7) The CyD/drug conjugates may provide a versatile means for the constructions of not only colonic delivery system but also site-specific drug release system, including gene delivery. On the basis of the above-mentioned knowledge, the advantages and limitations of CyDs in the design of advanced dosage forms will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaneto Uekama
- Department of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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Nishijo J, Moriyama S, Shiota S, Kamigauchi M, Sugiura M. Interaction of Heptakis (2,3,6-Tri- O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin with Cholesterol in Aqueous Solution. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2004; 52:1405-10. [PMID: 15577234 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of cholesterol with heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (TOM-beta-CyD) was investigated in water using solubility method. It was found that TOM-beta-CyD forms two kinds of soluble complexes, with molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 (cholesterol:TOM-beta-CyD). The thermodynamic parameters for 1:1 and 1:2 complex formation of cholesterol with TOM-beta-CyD were: DeltaG0(1:1)=-11.0 kJ/mol at 25 degrees C (K1:1=7.70 x 10 M(-1)); DeltaH0(1:1)=-1.28 kJ/mol; TDeltaS0(1:1)=9.48 kJ/mol; DeltaG0(1:2)=-27.8 kJ/mol at 25 degrees C (K1:2)=7.55 x 10(4) M(-1)); DeltaH0(1:2)=-0.57 kJ/mol; TDeltaS0(1:1)=27.3 kJ/mol. The formation of the 1:2 complex occurred much more easily than that of the 1:1 complex. The driving force for 1:1 and 1:2 complex formation was suggested to be exclusively hydrophobic interaction. Based on the measurements of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and studies with Corey-Pauling-Koltun atomic models, the probable structures of the 1:2 complex were estimated. In addition, the interaction of TOM-beta-CyD with cholesterol was compared with that of heptakis (2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-CyD (DOM-beta-CyD). The interaction of TOM-beta-CyD is more hydrophobic than that of DOM-beta-CyD, and the life time of the complexed TOM-beta-CyD is sufficiently long to give separated signals, at the NMR time scale, which differs from that of complexed DOM-beta-CyD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juziro Nishijo
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyama-kitamachi, Kobe, Japan.
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Grandeury A, Petit S, Gouhier G, Agasse V, Coquerel G. Enantioseparation of 1-(p-bromophenyl)ethanol by crystallization of host–guest complexes with permethylated β-cyclodextrin: crystal structures and mechanisms of chiral recognition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(03)00360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Añibarro M, Gessler K, Usón I, Sheldrick GM, Harata K, Uekama K, Hirayama F, Abe Y, Saenger W. Effect of peracylation of beta-cyclodextrin on the molecular structure and on the formation of inclusion complexes: an X-ray study. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:11854-62. [PMID: 11724591 DOI: 10.1021/ja010696b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The molecular structures of peracylated beta-cyclodextrins (CDs)--heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl)-beta-CD (TA), heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-propanoyl)-beta-CD (TP), and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-butanoyl)-beta-CD (TB)--have been determined by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. Due to the lack of O2...O3' hydrogen bonds between adjacent glucose units of the peracylated CDs, the macrocycles are elliptically distorted into nonplanar boat-shaped structures. The glucose units are tilted with respect to the O4 plane to relieve steric hindrance between adjacent acyl chains. In TB, all glucose units adopt the common (4)C(1)-chair conformation and one butanoyl chain intramolecularly penetrates the cavity, whereas, in TA and TP, one glucose unit each occurs in (O)S(2)-skew-boat conformation and one acyl chain closes the O6 side like a lid. In each of the three homologous molecules the intramolecular self-inclusion and lidlike orientation of acyl chains forces the associated O5-C5-C6-O6 torsion angle into a trans-conformation never observed before for unsubstituted CD; the inclusion behavior of TA, TP, and TB in solution has been studied by circular dichroism spectroscopy with the drug molsidomine and several organic compounds. No inclusion complexes are formed, which is attributed to the intramolecular closure of the molecular cavity by one of the acyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Añibarro
- Institut für Kristallographie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Kano K, Hasegawa H. Chiral recognition of helical metal complexes by modified cyclodextrins. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:10616-27. [PMID: 11673993 DOI: 10.1021/ja0112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chirality of metal complexes M(phen)3(n+) (M = Ru(II), Rh(III), Fe(II), Co(II), and Zn(II), and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) is recognized by heptakis(6-carboxymethylthio-6-deoxy)-beta-cyclodextrin heptaanion (per-CO2(-)-beta-CD) and hexakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-alpha-cyclodextrin (TMe-alpha-CD) in D2O. The binding constant (K) for the Delta-Ru(phen)3(2+) complex of per-CO2(-)-beta-CD (K = 1250 M(-1)) in 0.067 M phosphate buffer at pD 7.0 is approximately 2 times larger than that for the Lambda-isomer (590 M(-1)). Definite effects of inorganic salts on stability of the complexes indicate a large contribution of Coulomb interactions to complexation. The fact that hydrophilic Ru(bpy)3(2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) does not form a complex with per-CO2(-)-beta-CD suggests the importance of inclusion of the guest molecule into the host cavity for forming a stable ion-association complex. The positive entropy change for complexation of Ru(phen)3(2+) with per-CO2(-)-beta-CD shows that dehydration from both the host and the guest occurs upon complexation. Similar results were obtained with trivalent Rh(phen)3(3+) cation. Pfeiffer effects were observed in complexation of racemic Fe(phen)3(2+), Co(phen)3(2+), and Zn(phen)3(2+) with per-CO2(-)-beta-CD with enriched Delta-isomers. Native cyclodextrins such as alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins as well as heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin do not interact with Ru(bpy)3(2+). However, hexakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-alpha-cyclodextrin (TMe-alpha-CD) interacts with Ru(phen)3(2+) and Ru(bpy)3(2+) and discriminates between the enantiomers of these metal complexes. The K values for the Delta- and Lambda-Ru(phen)3(2+) ions are 54 and 108 M(-1), respectively. Complexation of the Delta- and Lambda-isomers of Ru(phen)3(2+) with TMe-alpha-CD is accompanied by negative entropy changes, suggesting that cationic Ru(phen)3(2+) is shallowly included into the cavity of the neutral host through van der Waals interactions. The Delta-enantiomer, having a right-handed helix configuration, fits the primary OH group side of per-CO2(-)-beta-CD (SCH2CO2(-) side) well, while the Lambda-enantiomer, having a left-handed helix configuration, is preferably bound to the secondary OH group side of TMe-alpha-CD. The asymmetrically twisted shape of a host cavity seems to be the origin of chiral recognition by cyclodextrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kano
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
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Sabbah S, Scriba GK. Influence of the structure of cyclodextrins and amino acid sequence of dipeptides and tripeptides on the pH-dependent reversal of the migration order in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2000; 894:267-72. [PMID: 11100869 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The pH-dependent reversal of the migration order in cyclodextrin (CD)-mediated capillary electrophoresis (CE) enantioseparations of dipeptides and tripeptides has been studied between pH 2.5 and 3.5 using beta-CD and several of its neutral derivatives. The occurrence of the phenomenon depended on both the structure of the CD and the amino acid composition and sequence of the peptides. While an inversion was observed for several peptides when native beta-CD, dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin or trimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin were added to the run buffer, no alteration of the order occurred in the presence of permethyl-beta-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. Most peptides that displayed a change of the migration behavior upon increasing the buffer pH contained Phe at the C-terminus. An ionizable carboxyl group in the peptide structure was a prerequisite. As seen with other uncommon migration effects in CE, the pH-dependent reversal of the migration order occurred in the pH region of the pKa values of the peptide carboxyl functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sabbah
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Germany
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20
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Chankvetadze B, Burjanadze N, Pintore G, Bergenthal D, Bergander K, Mühlenbrock C, Breitkreuz J, Blaschke G. Separation of brompheniramine enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis and study of chiral recognition mechanisms of cyclodextrins using NMR-spectroscopy, UV spectrometry, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography. J Chromatogr A 2000; 875:471-84. [PMID: 10839166 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Opposite migration order was observed for the enantiomers of brompheniramine [N-[3-(4-bromphenyl)-3-(2-pyridyl)propyl]-N,N-dimethylamine] (BrPh) in capillary electrophoresis (CE) when native beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-CD (TM-beta-CD) were used as chiral selectors. NMR spectrometry was applied in order to obtain information about the stoichiometry, binding constants and structure of the selector-selectand complexes in solution. The data were further confirmed by UV spectrometry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The structure of the complexes in the solid state was determined using X-ray crystallography performed on the co-crystals precipitated from the 1:1 aqueous solution of selector and selectand. This multiple approach allowed an elucidation of the most likely structural reason for a different affinity (binding strength) of BrPh enantiomers towards beta-CD and TM-beta-CD. However, the question about a force responsible for the opposite affinity pattern of BrPh enantiomers towards these CDs could not be answered definitely.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chankvetadze
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Münster, Germany
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21
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Okada M, Kamachi M, Harada A. Preparation and Characterization of Inclusion Complexes between Methylated Cyclodextrins and Poly(tetrahydrofuran). Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma990806n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miyuko Okada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University,Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Mikiharu Kamachi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University,Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akira Harada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University,Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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22
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Black DR, Parker CG, Zimmerman SS, Lee ML. Enantioselective binding of α-pinene and of some cyclohexanetriol derivatives by cyclodextrin hosts: A molecular modeling study. J Comput Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-987x(199606)17:8<931::aid-jcc2>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Harata
- Biomolecules Department, National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology, 1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
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24
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Beier T, Höltje HD. Modified cyclodextrins as chiral selectors: molecular modelling investigations on the enantioselective binding properties of heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-tert.-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-cyclodextri n. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1998; 708:1-20. [PMID: 9653941 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular modelling methods have been used to investigate the enantioselective binding properties of chiral dihydrofuranones on heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-tert.-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-cyclod extrin in capillary gas chromatography. A conformational analysis of the modified beta-cyclodextrin was performed using annealed molecular dynamics. With the program GRID the molecular interaction potential for each of the received energetically reasonable structures of the beta-cyclodextrin and the dihydrofuranones was evaluated using different probe groups. The results of these computations have been used as starting points for constructing geometrically reasonable host-guest complexes between the beta-cyclodextrin and the dihydrofuranones. The subsequently performed molecular dynamics simulations yielded different complex states reflecting the conformational flexibility of the diastereomeric complexes. Considering the evaluated interaction energy between the beta-cyclodextrin and the dihydrofuranones as a measure of complex stability the results are in close agreement with the experimentally determined elution sequences. The methodology for the construction of the interaction model used in this study is capable of simulating the experimental data. We believe that it may serve as a basis for predictions of hitherto unknown elution sequences at modified cyclodextrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Beier
- Institute of Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Germany
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25
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Cardinaéul P, Ndziéa E, Petit S, Coquerel G, Combret Y, Combret JC. Enantiomeric separation of 5-alkyl-5methylhydantion derivatives by capillary gas chromatography on permethylated β-cyclodextrin and molecular modeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jhrc.1240201008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Chen Z, Bradshaw JS, Yi G, Pyo D, Black DR, Zimmerman SS, Lee ML, Tong W, D'Souza VT. Self-Inclusion Complexes Derived from Cyclodextrins: Synthesis and Characterization of 6(A),6(B)-Bis-O-[p-(allyloxy)phenyl]-Substituted beta-Cyclodextrins. J Org Chem 1996; 61:8949-8955. [PMID: 11667876 DOI: 10.1021/jo960679i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses, structures, and spectroscopic properties of 6(A),6(B)-bis-O-[p-(allyloxy)phenyl]-substituted beta-cyclodextrins have been investigated. Selective activation of the 6(A),6(B)-hydroxy groups was carried out by treating heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (1) with 2,4-dimethoxybenzene-1,5-disulfonyl chloride to give 6(A),6(B)-bissulfonate ester 2 in a yield of only 3%. This material was treated with sodium p-(allyloxy)phenoxide in DMF to form 6(A),6(B)-bis-O-[p-(allyloxy)phenyl]-heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (3), which had two isomers. One (3A) has the two p-(allyloxy)phenyl arms directed away from the cyclodextrin cavity, and the other (3B) has one of the p-(allyloxy)phenyl groups through the cavity to form a self-inclusion complex. When either 3A or 3B was treated with methyl iodide and sodium hydride, the resulting permethylated 6(A),6(B)-bis-O-[p-(allyloxy)phenyl]heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl)-6(C),6(D),6(E),6(F),6(G)-penta-O-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (4) was composed of two isomers, in which 4B is a self-inclusion complex. 3A and 3B also can be converted into a mixture of 3A and 3B in strong base but not when melted in the absence of base. 4A and 4B do not isomerize. Detailed 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies were carried out to characterize the structures of these new compounds, and molecular mechanics techniques were used to explain the experimental facts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121
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27
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Anderson JE. Eclipsed Conformations of the Ring-to-Oxygen Bonds in O-Methylated α- and β-Cyclodextrin Complexes. A Survey of X-ray Crystallographic Data. J Org Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9519266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Edgar Anderson
- Chemistry Department, University College, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K
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28
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Nishio M, Umezawa Y, Hirota M, Takeuchi Y. The CH/π interaction: Significance in molecular recognition. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(94)01066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 514] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Caira MR, Griffith VJ, Nassimbeni LR, Oudtshoorn B. X-ray structure and thermal analysis of a 1?1 complex between (S)-naproxen and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-?-cyclodextrin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00708773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Crystal structure of the 1:1 complex of heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)cyclomaltoheptaose (permethylated β-cyclodextrin) with ethyl laurate. Carbohydr Res 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)80054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Myles AM, Barlow DJ, France G, Lawrence MJ. Analysis and modelling of the structures of beta-cyclodextrin complexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1994; 1199:27-36. [PMID: 8280750 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(94)90092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A systematic computer graphics study of all available beta-cyclodextrin crystal structures has been carried out specifically to aid in the modelling and design of beta-cyclodextrin-drug complexes. The analyses show that the basic conformation of the molecule remains constant among natural, mono-substituted and partially permethylated beta-cyclodextrins, with major changes observed only in the case of full permethylation. In all the structures, however, there are no significant perturbations caused by guest molecule inclusion. On the basis of these observations models are proposed for the structures of beta-cyclodextrin-indomethacin complexes, the principal features of which are shown to be consistent with the data obtained in 1H-NMR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Myles
- Department of Pharmacy, King's College, London, UK
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32
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Caira MR, Griffith VJ, Nassimbeni LR, van Oudtshoorn B. Unusual1C4conformation of a methylglucose residue in crystalline permethyl-β-cyclodextrin monohydrate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/p29940002071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Kobor F, Angermund K, Schomburg G. Molecular modelling experiments on chiral recognition in GC with specially derivatized cyclodextrins as selectors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/jhrc.1240160507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Hamai S. Hydrogen Bonding in Inclusion Complexes of Heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin with Chlorophenols in Organic Solvents. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1992. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.65.2323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Harata K, Hirayama F, Arima H, Uekama K, Miyaji T. Crystal structure of heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin complexes with m-iodophenol and 4-biphenylacetic acid. Guest-induced conformational change of a pyranose ring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1039/p29920001159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Schurig V, Nowotny HP. Gaschromatographische Enantiomerentrennung an Cyclodextrinderivaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19901020904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Crystal structures of heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-?-cyclodextrin complexes with (R)- and (S)-Flurbiprofen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00660743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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38
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Harata K. The Structure of the Cyclodextrin Complex. XXI. Crystal Structures of Heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin Complexes withp-Iodophenol andp-Nitrophenol. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1988. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.61.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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39
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Harata K, Tsuda K, Uekama K, Otagiri M, Hirayama F. Complex formation of hexakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-?-cyclodextrin with substituted benzenes in aqueous solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00663046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Yamamoto Y, Onda M, Takahashi Y, Inoue Y, Chûjô R. Two-dimensional n.m.r. spectra of O -methylated cyclomalto-oligosaccharides: assignment of 1 H and 13 C resonances and conformational analysis. Carbohydr Res 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Kuan FH, Inoue Y, Ch�j� R. Structure and molecular dynamics of solid-state inclusion complexes of cyclodextrin and permethylated cyclodextrin with benzaldehyde studied by high-resolution CP/MAS13C NMR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00658002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Krieger C, Diederich F. Structure of host-guest complexes of 1′,1″-dimethyl-dispiro[1,6,20,25-tetraoxa[6.1.6.1]paracyclophane-13,4′:32,4″-bispiperidine] with benzene andp-xylene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19851180916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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Uekama K, Imai T, Maeda T, Irie T, Hirayama F, Otagiri M. Improvement of dissolution and suppository release characteristics of flurbiprofen by inclusion complexation with heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin. J Pharm Sci 1985; 74:841-5. [PMID: 4032267 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600740808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion behavior of methylated beta-cyclodextrins, heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin and heptakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin in solution and the solid state was compared with that of natural beta-cyclodextrin using an anti-inflammatory drug, flurbiprofen, as a guest molecule. Stability constants were determined by the solubility method at various temperatures, and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated for inclusion complex formation in aqueous solution. The solid complexes were obtained in a molar ratio of 1:1, and their dissolution behavior and release from suppository bases were examined. The data suggest that the inclusion mode of the complex with 3 is somewhat different from that of the complexes with 1 and 2. From a practical point of view, 2 seems to be particularly useful for improving the pharmaceutical properties of flurbiprofen in various dosage forms.
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44
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Harata K. CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF HEPTAKIS(2,6-DI-O-METHYL)-β-CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXES WITHp-IODOPHENOL ANDp-NITROPHENOL. CHEM LETT 1984. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1984.1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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45
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Harata K, Hirayama F, Imai T, Uekama K, Otagiri M. CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF PERMETHYLATED β-CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXES WITHR-(−)- ANDS-(+)-FLURBIPROFEN. CHEM LETT 1984. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1984.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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46
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Imai T, Irie T, Otagiri M, Uekama K, Yamasaki M. Comparative study on inclusion complexations of antiinflammatory drug flurbiprofen with ?-cyclodextrin and methylated ?-cyclodextrins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00662225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Tanaka M, Kawaguchi Y, Niinae T, Shono T. Preparation and retention behaviour of chemically bonded methylated-cyclodextrin stationary phases for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)97733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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48
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Harata K, Uekama K, Otagiri M, Hirayama F. CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF PERMETHYLATED α-CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXES WITH L- AND D-MANDELIC ACIDS. CHEM LETT 1983. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1983.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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