1
|
Maguire S, Strachan G, Norvaiša K, Donohoe C, Gomes-da-Silva LC, Senge MO. Porphyrin Atropisomerism as a Molecular Engineering Tool in Medicinal Chemistry, Molecular Recognition, Supramolecular Assembly, and Catalysis. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401559. [PMID: 38787350 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Porphyrin atropisomerism, which arises from restricted σ-bond rotation between the macrocycle and a sufficiently bulky substituent, was identified in 1969 by Gottwald and Ullman in 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(o-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrins. Henceforth, an entirely new field has emerged utilizing this transformative tool. This review strives to explain the consequences of atropisomerism in porphyrins, the methods which have been developed for their separation and analysis and present the diverse array of applications. Porphyrins alone possess intriguing properties and a structure which can be easily decorated and molded for a specific function. Therefore, atropisomerism serves as a transformative tool, making it possible to obtain even a specific molecular shape. Atropisomerism has been thoroughly exploited in catalysis and molecular recognition yet presents both challenges and opportunities in medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Maguire
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
| | - Grant Strachan
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
| | - Karolis Norvaiša
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
| | - Claire Donohoe
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Centre, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-535, Portugal
| | | | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Focus Group-Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberg Str. 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ishizuka T, Grover N, Kingsbury CJ, Kotani H, Senge MO, Kojima T. Nonplanar porphyrins: synthesis, properties, and unique functionalities. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7560-7630. [PMID: 35959748 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00391k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are variously substituted tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, with wide-ranging biological and chemical applications derived from metal chelation in the core and the 18π aromatic surface. Under suitable conditions, the porphyrin framework can deform significantly from regular planar shape, owing to steric overload on the porphyrin periphery or steric repulsion in the core, among other structure modulation strategies. Adopting this nonplanar porphyrin architecture allows guest molecules to interact directly with an exposed core, with guest-responsive and photoactive electronic states of the porphyrin allowing energy, information, atom and electron transfer within and between these species. This functionality can be incorporated and tuned by decoration of functional groups and electronic modifications, with individual deformation profiles adapted to specific key sensing and catalysis applications. Nonplanar porphyrins are assisting breakthroughs in molecular recognition, organo- and photoredox catalysis; simultaneously bio-inspired and distinctly synthetic, these molecules offer a new dimension in shape-responsive host-guest chemistry. In this review, we have summarized the synthetic methods and design aspects of nonplanar porphyrin formation, key properties, structure and functionality of the nonplanar aromatic framework, and the scope and utility of this emerging class towards outstanding scientific, industrial and environmental issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Christopher J Kingsbury
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hiroaki Kotani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technical University of Munich, Focus Group - Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Benitz A, Thomas MB, Silva I, Nesterov VN, Verbeck GF, D'Souza F. Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Axially Coordinated Supramolecular Zinc Tetrapyrrole Bis(styryl)BODIPY Donor‐Acceptor Conjugates. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Benitz
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203–5017 USA
| | - Michael B. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203–5017 USA
| | - Imesha Silva
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203–5017 USA
| | - Vladimir N. Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203–5017 USA
| | - Guido F. Verbeck
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203–5017 USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203–5017 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hong YH, Lee YM, Nam W, Fukuzumi S. Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Plastoquinol Analogues as a Potential Functional Model of Photosystem I. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14838-14846. [PMID: 33023288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent development of a functional model of photosystem II (PSII) has paved a new way to connect the PSII model with a functional model of photosystem I (PSI). However, PSI functional models have yet to be reported. We report herein the first potential functional model of PSI, in which plastoquinol (PQH2) analogues were oxidized to plastoquinone (PQ) analogues, accompanied by hydrogen (H2) evolution. Photoirradiation of a deaerated acetonitrile (MeCN) solution containing hydroquinone derivatives (X-QH2) as a hydrogen source, 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (Acr+-Mes) as a photoredox catalyst, and a cobalt(III) complex, CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl (dmgH = dimethylglyoximate monoanion; py = pyridine) as a redox catalyst resulted in the evolution of H2 and formation of the corresponding p-benzoquinone derivatives (X-Q) quantitatively. The maximum quantum yield for photocatalytic H2 evolution from tetrachlorohydroquinone (Cl4QH2) with Acr+-Mes and CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl and H2O in deaerated MeCN was determined to be 10%. Photocatalytic H2 evolution is started by electron transfer (ET) from Cl4QH2 to the triplet ET state of Acr+-Mes to produce Cl4QH2•+ and Acr•-Mes with a rate constant of 7.2 × 107 M-1 s-1, followed by ET from Acr•-Mes to CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl to produce [CoII(dmgH)2pyCl]-, accompanied by the regeneration of Acr+-Mes. On the other hand, Cl4QH2•+ is deprotonated to produce Cl4QH•, which transfers either a hydrogen-atom transfer or a proton-coupled electron transfer to [CoII(dmgH)2pyCl]- to produce a cobalt(III) hydride complex, [CoIII(H)(dmgH)2pyCl]-, which reacts with H+ to evolve H2, accompanied by the regeneration of CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl. The formation of [CoII(dmgH)2pyCl]- was detected by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyun Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leone L, Chino M, Nastri F, Maglio O, Pavone V, Lombardi A. Mimochrome, a metalloporphyrin‐based catalytic Swiss knife†. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 67:495-515. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Leone
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Marco Chino
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Flavia Nastri
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Ornella Maglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
- IBB ‐ National Research Council Napoli Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
Abstract
Metalloporphyrinoids are utilized as efficient sensitizers and catalysts in photosynthesis and the reverse reaction that is respiration. Because metalloporphyrinoids show strong absorption in the visible region and redox active, metalloporphyrinoids are also suited as photoredox catalysts for photo-driven redox reactions using solar energy. In particular, metalloporphyrins are utilized as pivotal components to mimic the structure and function of the photosynthetic reaction center. Metalloporphyrins are used as photoredox catalysts for hydrogen evolution from electron and proton sources combining hydrogen evolution catalysts. Metalloporphyrins also act as thermal redox catalysts for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with photoredox catalysts. Metalloporphyrins are also used as dual catalysts for a photoredox catalyst for oxygenation of substrates with H2O and a redox catalyst for O2 reduction when dioxygen is used as a two-electron oxidant and H2O as an oxygen source, both of which are the greenest reactants. Free base porphyrins can also be employed as promising photoredox catalysts for C–C bond formation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073, Japan
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mensa-Bonsu G, Wilson MR, Tozer DJ, Verlet JRR. Photoelectron spectroscopy of para-benzoquinone cluster anions. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:204302. [PMID: 31779316 DOI: 10.1063/1.5132391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoelectron spectra of para-benzoquinone radical cluster anions, (pBQ)n - (n = 2-4), taken at hv = 4.00 eV are presented and compared with the photoelectron spectrum of the monomer (n = 1). For all clusters, a direct detachment peak can be identified, and the incremental increase in the vertical detachment energy of ∼0.4 eV n-1 predominantly reflects the increase in cohesion energy as the cluster size increases. For all clusters, excitation also leads to low energy electrons that are produced by thermionic emission from ground electronic state anionic species, indicating that resonances are excited at this photon energy. For n = 3 and 4, photoelectron features at lower binding energy are observed which can be assigned to photodetachment from pBQ- for n = 3 and both pBQ- and (pBQ)2 - for n = 4. These observations indicate that the cluster dissociates on the time scale of the laser pulse (∼5 ns). The present results are discussed in the context of related quinone cluster anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golda Mensa-Bonsu
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - David J Tozer
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Jan R R Verlet
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sujata Kundan, Bajju GD, Gupta D, Roy TK. Novel Axially Ligated Complexes of Zn(II)Porphyrin: Spectroscopic, Computational, and Antibiological Characterization. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s003602361911010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Fukuzumi S, Lee YM, Nam W. Kinetics and mechanisms of catalytic water oxidation. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:779-798. [PMID: 30560964 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04341h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics and mechanisms of thermal and photochemical oxidation of water with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, including conversion from homogeneous to heterogeneous catalysts in the course of water oxidation, are discussed in this review article. Molecular and homogeneous catalysts have the advantage to clarify the catalytic mechanisms by detecting active intermediates in catalytic water oxidation. On the other hand, heterogeneous nanoparticle catalysts have advantages for practical applications due to high catalytic activity, robustness and easier separation of catalysts by filtration as compared with molecular homogeneous precursors. Ligand oxidation of homogeneous catalysts sometimes results in the dissociation of ligands to form nanoparticles, which act as much more efficient catalysts for water oxidation. Since it is quite difficult to identify active intermediates on the heterogeneous catalyst surface, the mechanism of water oxidation has hardly been clarified under heterogeneous catalytic conditions. This review focuses on the kinetics and mechanisms of catalytic water oxidation with homogeneous catalysts, which may be converted to heterogeneous nanoparticle catalysts depending on various reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuramochi Y, Yoshida T, Kodama K, Kiriyama M, Yoshioka S, Hirota S, Satake A. Efficient Photochemical Reduction of Quinone into Hydroquinone Promoted by Imidazolyl N-H Proton. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kuramochi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takeaki Yoshida
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kodama
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
| | - Masanari Kiriyama
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
| | - Seiko Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shun Hirota
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
| | - Akiharu Satake
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fukuzumi S, Lee Y, Nam W. Immobilization of Molecular Catalysts for Enhanced Redox Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Meijo University Nagoya Aichi 468-8502 Japan
| | - Yong‐Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fukuzumi S, Lee Y, Nam W. Artificial Photosynthesis for Production of ATP, NAD(P)H, and Hydrogen Peroxide. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Meijo University, Nagoya Aichi 468-8502 Japan
| | - Yong‐Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ponseca CS, Chábera P, Uhlig J, Persson P, Sundström V. Ultrafast Electron Dynamics in Solar Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10940-11024. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlito S. Ponseca
- Division
of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Division,
Chemical Center, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Pavel Chábera
- Division
of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Division,
Chemical Center, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Jens Uhlig
- Division
of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Division,
Chemical Center, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Division
of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Division,
Chemical Center, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Villy Sundström
- Division
of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Division,
Chemical Center, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
El-Khouly ME, El-Mohsnawy E, Fukuzumi S. Solar energy conversion: From natural to artificial photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
16
|
Collini MA, Thomas MB, Bandi V, Karr PA, D'Souza F. Directly Attached Bisdonor‐BF
2
Chelated Azadipyrromethene‐Fullerene Tetrads for Promoting Ground and Excited State Charge Transfer. Chemistry 2017; 23:4450-4461. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Collini
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Michael B. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Venugopal Bandi
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Paul A. Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics Wayne State College 111 Main Street Wayne Nebraska 68787 USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhuo C, Ou C, Hu C, Lang J. Synthesis and characterization of β,β′-linked porphyrin-chlorin heterodimers and their metallic complexes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two β,β′-linked porphyrin-chlorin heterodimers have been successfully synthesized with 4-fluorophenyl or 4-chlorophenyl substituted aldehyde as starting reagents. But those aldehydes with bulkier substituents did not lead to the corresponding heterodimers. These porphyrin-chlorin heterodimers and their metallic complexes have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. In all the structures, the pyrroline group in chlorin moiety and the pyrrole group in porphyrin moiety are directly connected by a single bond. Pyrroline ring has two sp[Formula: see text] hybridized carbons. The direct bonding makes the porphyrin and chlorin moieties closely contact with each other, pyrroline group and the pyrrole group forms a dihedral angle of ~70°. If porphyrin-chlorin heterodimers have bulkier substituents, the close contact could cause too much repulsion. That is probably why they can not be synthesized. For nickel complexes, the chlorin planes show large saddling and moderate ruffling conformation. The C–H⋯[Formula: see text] interaction could contribute to the saddling conformation. The distorted core makes dihedral angles and metal to metal distances between porphyrin and chlorin plane much smaller than those in their copper complexes. Their NMR, UV-visible and fluorescence spectral data have also been briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhuo
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Caifen Ou
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chuanjiang Hu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Applied Technical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215325, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Lang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Langlois A, Camus JM, Karsenti PL, Guilard R, Harvey PD. Metal Dependence on the Bidirectionality and Reversibility of the Singlet Energy Transfer in Artificial Special Pair-Containing Dyads. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2506-2517. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Langlois
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1K 2R1, PQ, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Camus
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne,
UMR CNRS 6302,Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870-21078 Dijon, France
| | | | - Roger Guilard
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne,
UMR CNRS 6302,Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870-21078 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre D. Harvey
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1K 2R1, PQ, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rybicka-Jasińska K, König B, Gryko D. Porphyrin-Catalyzed Photochemical C-H Arylation of Heteroarenes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Burkhard König
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; University of Regensburg; Universitätsstr. 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
El-Khouly ME, El-Refaey A, Nam W, Fukuzumi S, Göktuğ Ö, Durmuş M. A subphthalocyanine–pyrene dyad: electron transfer and singlet oxygen generation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:1512-1518. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Good combination! Electron transfer of the light harvesting dyad composed of the curved π-conjugation of subphthalocyanine and the planar π-conjugation of pyrene via an axial approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. El-Khouly
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Kafrelsheikh University
- Kafrelsheikh 33516
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Refaey
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Kafrelsheikh University
- Kafrelsheikh 33516
- Egypt
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Korea
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Korea
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
| | - Özge Göktuğ
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Basic Sciences
- Gebze Technical University University
- Gebze 41400
- Turkey
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Basic Sciences
- Gebze Technical University University
- Gebze 41400
- Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gobeze HB, Kumar S, D'Souza F, Ravikanth M. Strongly Coupled Oxasmaragdyrin-BF2Chelated Dipyrrin Dyads: Syntheses, X-ray Structure, Ground- and Excited-State Charge-Transfer Interactions. Chemistry 2016; 23:1546-1556. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habtom B. Gobeze
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Texas; 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Sunit Kumar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Powa; Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Texas; 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rybicka-Jasińska K, Shan W, Zawada K, Kadish KM, Gryko D. Porphyrins as Photoredox Catalysts: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15451-15458. [PMID: 27933929 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b09036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metalloporphyrins not only are vital in biological systems but also are valuable catalysts in organic synthesis. On the other hand, catalytic properties of free base porphyrins have been less explored. They are mostly known as efficient photosensitizers for the generation of singlet oxygen via photoinduced energy transfer processes, but under light irradiation, they can also participate in electron transfer processes. Indeed, we have found that free base tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) is an efficient photoredox catalyst for the reaction of aldehydes with diazo compounds leading to α-alkylated derivatives. The performance of a porphyrin catalyst can be optimized by tailoring various substituents at the periphery of the macrocycle at both the β and meso positions. This allows for the fine tuning of their optical and electrochemical properties and hence their catalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenqian Shan
- University of Houston , Department of Chemistry, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Katarzyna Zawada
- Medical University of Warsaw , Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Department of Physical Chemistry, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karl M Kadish
- University of Houston , Department of Chemistry, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Benitz A, Thomas MB, D'Souza F. Geometry-Controlled Photoinduced Charge Separation and Recombination in a Trans
-A2
B2
-Functionalized Donor-Acceptor Conjugate Composed of a Multimodular Zinc Porphyrin and Fullerene. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201600017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Benitz
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Texas; 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Michael B. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Texas; 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Texas; 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tuning Optical and Electron Donor Properties by Peripheral Thio–Aryl Substitution of Subphthalocyanine: A New Series of Donor–Acceptor Hybrids for Photoinduced Charge Separation. Chemistry 2016; 22:13301-11. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
25
|
Anstöter CS, Bull JN, Verlet JR. Ultrafast dynamics of temporary anions probed through the prism of photodetachment. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2016.1203522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
26
|
Senge MO, MacGowan SA, O'Brien JM. Conformational control of cofactors in nature - the influence of protein-induced macrocycle distortion on the biological function of tetrapyrroles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:17031-63. [PMID: 26482230 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06254c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Tetrapyrrole-containing proteins are one of the most fundamental classes of enzymes in nature and it remains an open question to give a chemical rationale for the multitude of biological reactions that can be catalyzed by these pigment-protein complexes. There are many fundamental processes where the same (i.e., chemically identical) porphyrin cofactor is involved in chemically quite distinct reactions. For example, heme is the active cofactor for oxygen transport and storage (hemoglobin, myoglobin) and for the incorporation of molecular oxygen in organic substrates (cytochrome P450). It is involved in the terminal oxidation (cytochrome c oxidase) and the metabolism of H2O2 (catalases and peroxidases) and catalyzes various electron transfer reactions in cytochromes. Likewise, in photosynthesis the same chlorophyll cofactor may function as a reaction center pigment (charge separation) or as an accessory pigment (exciton transfer) in light harvesting complexes (e.g., chlorophyll a). Whilst differences in the apoprotein sequences alone cannot explain the often drastic differences in physicochemical properties encountered for the same cofactor in diverse protein complexes, a critical factor for all biological functions must be the close structural interplay between bound cofactors and the respective apoprotein in addition to factors such as hydrogen bonding or electronic effects. Here, we explore how nature can use the same chemical molecule as a cofactor for chemically distinct reactions using the concept of conformational flexibility of tetrapyrroles. The multifaceted roles of tetrapyrroles are discussed in the context of the current knowledge on distorted porphyrins. Contemporary analytical methods now allow a more quantitative look at cofactors in protein complexes and the development of the field is illustrated by case studies on hemeproteins and photosynthetic complexes. Specific tetrapyrrole conformations are now used to prepare bioengineered designer proteins with specific catalytic or photochemical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Stuart A MacGowan
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jessica M O'Brien
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sharma R, Gobeze HB, D'Souza F, Ravikanth M. Panchromatic Light Capture and Efficient Excitation Transfer Leading to Near‐IR Emission of BODIPY Oligomers. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2516-24. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritambhara Sharma
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Habtom B. Gobeze
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
KC CB, Lim GN, D'Souza F. Effect of Spacer Connecting the Secondary Electron Donor Phenothiazine in Subphthalocyanine–Fullerene Conjugates in Promoting Electron Transfer Followed by Hole Shift Process. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:1246-56. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra B. KC
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Gary N. Lim
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fukuzumi S, Jung J, Yamada Y, Kojima T, Nam W. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Water Oxidation by Persulfate. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:1138-50. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 120-750 Korea
- Faculty of Science and Engineering Meijo University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Nagoya Aichi 468-0073 Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Jieun Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 120-750 Korea
| | - Yusuke Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Bioengineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennoudai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Seoul 120-750 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sakai H, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, Hasobe T. Photoinduced Processes of Supramolecular Nanoarrays Composed of Porphyrin and Benzo[ghi
]perylenetriimide Units through Triple Hydrogen Bonds with One-Dimensional Columnar Phases. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:613-24. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Sakai
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Keio University; 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522 Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; ALCA and SENTAN Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita; Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 120-750 Korea
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, ALCA and SENTAN; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST); Meijo University; Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073 Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; ALCA and SENTAN Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita; Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 120-750 Korea
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, ALCA and SENTAN; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST); Meijo University; Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073 Japan
| | - Taku Hasobe
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Keio University; 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chemistry of the highly stable hindered cobalt sandwich compound (η5-Cp)Co(η4-C4Ph4) and its derivatives. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
32
|
Arrigo A, Santoro A, Puntoriero F, Lainé PP, Campagna S. Photoinduced electron transfer in donor–bridge–acceptor assemblies: The case of Os(II)-bis(terpyridine)-(bi)pyridinium dyads. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
33
|
Ravensbergen J, Antoniuk-Pablant A, Sherman BD, Kodis G, Megiatto JD, Méndez-Hernández DD, Frese RN, van Grondelle R, Moore TA, Moore AL, Gust D, Kennis JTM. Spectroscopic Analysis of a Biomimetic Model of TyrZ Function in PSII. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12156-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Ravensbergen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University, De Boelelaan
1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antaeres Antoniuk-Pablant
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Sherman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - Gerdenis Kodis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - Jackson D. Megiatto
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - Dalvin D. Méndez-Hernández
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - Raoul N. Frese
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University, De Boelelaan
1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University, De Boelelaan
1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas A. Moore
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - Ana L. Moore
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - Devens Gust
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1605, United States
| | - John T. M. Kennis
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University, De Boelelaan
1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hasobe T, Ida K, Sakai H, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Coronenetetraimide-Centered Cruciform Pentamers Containing Multiporphyrin Units: Synthesis and Sequential Photoinduced Energy- and Electron-Transfer Dynamics. Chemistry 2015; 21:11196-205. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
35
|
|
36
|
Lim GN, Webre WA, D'Souza F. Charge separation in supramolecular ferrocene(s)-zinc porphyrin-fullerene triads: A femtosecond transient absorption study. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461550008x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic aspects of photoinduced charge separation in supramolecular triads, constructed using covalently linked zinc porphyrin-ferrocene(s) dyads — self-assembled via axial coordination to either pyridine or phenylimidazole appended fulleropyrrolidine ( Fc x- ZnP : PyC 60 or Fc x- ZnP : ImC 60; x = 1 or 2), has been investigated using femtosecond pump-probe transient spectroscopy. Upon photoexcitation of ZnP , charge separation from ferrocene to 1 ZnP * to yield the initial Fc +- ZnP •-: C 60 radical ion-pair or charge separation from 1 ZnP * to C 60 to yield the initial Fc - ZnP •+: C 60•- radical ion-pair, depending upon the ferrocene-zinc porphyrin intermolecular distance, was observed. These radical ion-pairs resulted in the formation of ultimate distantly separated Fc +- ZnP : C 60•- radical ion-pairs either via an electron migration (former case) or hole shift (latter case) process. Kinetics of charge separation as a function of spacer connecting the ferrocene and porphyrin, and spacer between the porphyrin and fullerene is reported. In agreement with our earlier study (J. Phys. Chem. B 2004; 108: 11333–11343), the Fc +- ZnP : C 60•- radical ion-pair persisted beyond the monitoring time window of our instrument, suggesting charge stabilization in these supramolecular triads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary N. Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Whitney A. Webre
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sakai H, Kamimura T, Tani F, Hasobe T. Supramolecular photovoltaic cells utilizing inclusion complexes composed of Li+@C60 and cyclic porphyrin dimer. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614501156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have newly constructed supramolecular photovoltaic cells using inclusion complexes of lithium-ion-encapsulated [60]fullerene ( Li +@ C 60) and cyclic porphyrin dimers (M-CPDPy, M = H 4 and Ni 2). First, supramolecular inclusion complexes of Li +@ C 60 and M-CPDPy were prepared in MeCN/PhCN (3/1, v/v) by rapid injection method. The molecular aggregates with spherical nanoparticles demonstrated a broad absorption property in the visible region. The macroscopic structures were also estimated to be ca. 200 nm in diameter by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The photoelectrochemical solar cells composed of these assemblies on nanostructured SnO 2 electrode were fabricated by electrophoretic deposition method. The photoelectrochemical behavior of the nanostructured SnO 2 film of supramolecular nanoassemblies of Li +@ C 60 and M-CPDPy is significantly higher than those of the single component films ( Li +@ C 60 or M-CPDPy) and supramolecular inclusion complexes of pristine C 60 and M-CPDPy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Kamimura
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Fumito Tani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Taku Hasobe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Aoki T, Sakai H, Ohkubo K, Sakanoue T, Takenobu T, Fukuzumi S, Hasobe T. Ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer in face-to-face charge-transfer π-complexes of planar porphyrins and hexaazatriphenylene derivatives. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1498-1509. [PMID: 29308129 PMCID: PMC5630025 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02787f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Charge-transfer (CT) π-complexes are formed between planar porphyrins and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) derivatives with large formation constants (e.g., 104 M-1), exhibiting broad CT absorption bands. The unusually large formation constants result from close face-to-face contact between two planar π-planes of porphyrins and HAT derivatives. The redox potentials of porphyrins and HAT derivatives measured by cyclic voltammetry indicate that porphyrins and HAT derivatives act as electron donors and acceptors, respectively. The formation of 1 : 1 CT complexes between porphyrins and HAT derivatives was examined by UV-vis, fluorescence and 1H NMR measurements in nonpolar solvents. The occurrence of unprecedented ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer from the porphyrin unit to the HAT unit in the CT π-complex was observed by femtosecond laser flash photolysis measurements. A highly linear aggregate composed of a planar porphyrin and an HAT derivative was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Aoki
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , Yokohama , 223-8522 , Japan .
| | - Hayato Sakai
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , Yokohama , 223-8522 , Japan .
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , ALCA , Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan .
| | - Tomo Sakanoue
- Department of Applied Physics , Waseda University , 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku , Tokyo 169-8555 , Japan .
| | - Taishi Takenobu
- Department of Applied Physics , Waseda University , 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku , Tokyo 169-8555 , Japan .
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , ALCA , Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan .
| | - Taku Hasobe
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , Yokohama , 223-8522 , Japan .
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Asraf MA, Younus HA, Yusubov M, Verpoort F. Earth-abundant metal complexes as catalysts for water oxidation; is it homogeneous or heterogeneous? Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This minireview focuses on the aspects that determine whether particular catalysts for the oxidation of water are homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ali Asraf
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | - Hussein A. Younus
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | - Mekhman Yusubov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
- Russian Federation
| | - Francis Verpoort
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kawashima Y, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Efficient Charge Separation in Li+@C60Supramolecular Complexes with Electron Donors. Chem Asian J 2014; 10:44-54. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201403075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
41
|
West CW, Bull JN, Antonkov E, Verlet JRR. Anion resonances of para-benzoquinone probed by frequency-resolved photoelectron imaging. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:11346-54. [PMID: 25301059 DOI: 10.1021/jp509102p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The resonant attachment of a free electron to a closed shell neutral molecule and the interplay between the following electron detachment and electronic relaxation channels represents a fundamental but common process throughout chemical and biochemical systems. The new methodology of anion frequency-resolved photoelectron imaging is detailed and used to map out molecular excited state dynamics of gas-phase para-benzoquinone, which is the electron accepting moiety in many biological electron-transfer chains. Three-dimensional spectra of excitation energy, electron kinetic energy, and electron ejection anisotropy reveal clear fingerprints of excited and intermediate state dynamics. The results show that many of the excited states are strongly coupled, providing a route to forming the ground state radical anion, despite the fact that the electron is formally unbound in the excited states. The relation of our method to electron impact attachment studies and the key advantages, including the extension to time-resolved dynamics and to larger molecular systems, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W West
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University , Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kojima T, Kobayashi R, Ishizuka T, Yamakawa S, Kotani H, Nakanishi T, Ohkubo K, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Fukuzumi S. Binding of Scandium Ions to Metalloporphyrin-Flavin Complexes for Long-Lived Charge Separation. Chemistry 2014; 20:15518-32. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
43
|
Kawashima Y, Ohkubo K, Okada H, Matsuo Y, Fukuzumi S. Supramolecular Formation of Li+@PCBM Fullerene with Sulfonated Porphyrins and Long-Lived Charge Separation. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:3782-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
44
|
Sukegawa J, Tsuji H, Nakamura E. Large Electronic Coupling in a Homoconjugated Donor–Acceptor System Involving Carbon-bridged Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) and Triazine. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.140022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Sukegawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hayato Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo
- JST-PRESTO
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hasobe T. Photo- and electro-functional self-assembled architectures of porphyrins. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 14:15975-87. [PMID: 23093225 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42957h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in supramolecular strategies have enabled us to construct novel well-defined assemblies of dye molecules. These fundamental researches of such organic materials also entail the synthetic and photophysical processes of molecular aggregates at the nano- and micro-meter scale, since their optical properties significantly differ from those of monomeric species. One of the promising candidates for such functional molecules is a porphyrin dye, which acts as an electron donor as well as a sensitizer. In this perspective, the focus is on the recent advances in the construction of optically and electronically functionalized molecular architectures of porphyrins for light energy conversion and electronics. First, porphyrin aggregates with morphologies such as cube, rod and fiber, which are prepared by three different supramolecular techniques, are reported. Then, we discuss composite molecular nanoarchitectures of porphyrins and carbon nanotubes such as single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), stacked-cup carbon nanotubes (SCCNTs) and carbon nanohorns (CNHs). Finally, the structural and photophysical properties of the composite assemblies of porphyrins and graphenes including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Hasobe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sakaguchi KI, Kamimura T, Uno H, Mori S, Ozako S, Nobukuni H, Ishida M, Tani F. Phenothiazine-Bridged Cyclic Porphyrin Dimers as High-Affinity Hosts for Fullerenes and Linear Array of C60 in Self-Assembled Porphyrin Nanotube. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2980-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500034f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Sakaguchi
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1
Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takuya Kamimura
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1
Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Integrated
Center for Sciences, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shuwa Ozako
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1
Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nobukuni
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1
Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1
Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Fumito Tani
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1
Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pla S, Martín-Gomis L, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, Fernández-Lázaro F, Sastre-Santos Á. Macrocyclic Dyads Based on C60and Perylenediimides Connected by Click Chemistry. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201300235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
48
|
Natali M, Campagna S, Scandola F. Photoinduced electron transfer across molecular bridges: electron- and hole-transfer superexchange pathways. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4005-18. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60463b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A tutorial review outlining a general conceptual framework, based on superexchange, to discuss the role of chemical bridges in photoinduced electron transfer processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Natali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmacautiche
- Università di Ferrara, and Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLARCHEM)
- sez. di Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Messina and Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLARCHEM)
- Sezione di Messina
- 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Franco Scandola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmacautiche
- Università di Ferrara, and Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLARCHEM)
- sez. di Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bill NL, Ishida M, Kawashima Y, Ohkubo K, Sung YM, Lynch VM, Lim JM, Kim D, Sessler JL, Fukuzumi S. Long-lived charge-separated states produced in supramolecular complexes between anionic and cationic porphyrins. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00803k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoinduced electron transfer in a porphyrin supramolecule occurs to produce an 83 ms CS state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan L. Bill
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin, USA
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749, Korea
- Education Centre for Global Leaders in Molecular Systems for Devices
- Kyushu University
| | - Yuki Kawashima
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita, Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita, Japan
| | - Young Mo Sung
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin, USA
| | - Jong Min Lim
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | | | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita, Japan
- Department of Bioinspired Chemistry (WCU)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Photoinduced Charge-Separation in DNA. PHOTOINDUCED PHENOMENA IN NUCLEIC ACIDS II 2014; 356:165-82. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|