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Control of Photoinduced Electron Transfer Using Complex Formation of Water-Soluble Porphyrin and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061191. [PMID: 35335524 PMCID: PMC8949476 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the natural photosynthetic system in which proteins control the electron transfer from electron donors to acceptors, in this research, artificial polymers were tried to achieve this control effect. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was found to form complex with pigments 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) and its zinc complex (ZnTPPS) quantitatively through different interactions (hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds, respectively). These complex formations hinder the interaction between ground-state TPPS or ZnTPPS and an electron acceptor (methyl viologen, MV2+) and could control the photoinduced electron transfer from TPPS or ZnTPPS to MV2+, giving more electron transfer products methyl viologen cationic radical (MV+•). Other polymers such as PEG did not show similar results, indicating that PVP plays an important role in controlling the photoinduced electron transfer.
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2
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Atroposelective antibodies as a designed protein scaffold for artificial metalloenzymes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13551. [PMID: 31537832 PMCID: PMC6753118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49844-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Design and engineering of protein scaffolds are crucial to create artificial metalloenzymes. Herein we report the first example of C-C bond formation catalyzed by artificial metalloenzymes, which consist of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and C2 symmetric metal catalysts. Prepared as a tailored protein scaffold for a binaphthyl derivative (BN), mAbs bind metal catalysts bearing a 1,1'-bi-isoquinoline (BIQ) ligand to yield artificial metalloenzymes. These artificial metalloenzymes catalyze the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. In the presence of mAb R44E1, the reaction proceeds with 88% ee. The reaction catalyzed by Cu-catalyst incorporated into the binding site of mAb R44E1 is found to show excellent enantioselectivity with 99% ee. The protein environment also enables the use of BIQ-based catalysts as asymmetric catalysts for the first time.
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3
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Investigation of ultrafast energy transfer mechanism in BODIPY–Porphyrin dyad system. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4
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Strabler CM, Sinn S, Pehn R, Pann J, Dutzler J, Viertl W, Prock J, Ehrmann K, Weninger A, Kopacka H, De Cola L, Brüggeller P. Stabilisation effects of phosphane ligands in the homogeneous approach of sunlight induced hydrogen production. Faraday Discuss 2017; 198:211-233. [PMID: 28267169 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00210b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Most of the systems for photochemical hydrogen production are not stable and suffer from decomposition. With bis(bidentate) tetraphosphane ligands the stability increases enormously, up to more than 1000 h. This stability was achieved with a system containing osmium(ii) as a light harvesting antenna and palladium(ii) as a water reduction catalyst connected with a bis(bidentate) phosphane ligand in one molecule with the chemical formula [Os(bpy)2(dppcb)Pd(dppm)](PF6)4. With the help of electrochemical measurements as well as photophysical data and its single crystal X-ray structure, the electron transfer between the two active metal centres (light harvesting antenna, water reduction catalyst) was analysed. The distance between the two active metal centres was determined to be 7.396(1) Å. In a noble metal free combination of a copper based photosensitiser and a cobalt diimine-dioxime complex as water reduction catalyst a further stabilisation effect by the phosphane ligands is observed. With the help of triethylamine as a sacrificial donor in the presence of different monophosphane ligands it was possible to produce hydrogen with a turnover number of 1176. This completely novel combination is also able to produce hydrogen in a wide pH-range from pH = 7.0 to 12.5 with the maximum production at pH = 11.0. The influence of monophosphane ligands with different Tolman cone angles was investigated. Monophosphane ligands with a large Tolman cone angle (>160°) could not stabilise the intermediate of the cobalt based water reduction catalyst and so the turnover number is lower than for systems with an addition of monophosphane ligands with a Tolman cone angle smaller than 160°. The role of the monophosphane ligand during sunlight-induced hydrogen production was analysed and these results were confirmed with DFT calculations. Furthermore the crystal structures of two important Co(i) intermediates, which are the catalytic active species during the catalytic pathway, were obtained. The exchange of PPh3 with other tertiary phosphane ligands can have a major impact on the activity, depending on the coordination properties. By an exchange of monophosphane ligands with functionalised phosphane ligands (hybrid ligands) the hydrogen production was raised 2.17 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Strabler
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, CCB - Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Adachi T, Odaka T, Harada A, Yamaguchi H. Direct Chiral Separation of Binaphthyl Derivatives Using Atroposelective Antibodies. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Adachi
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, Toyonaka; Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Tomoki Odaka
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, Toyonaka; Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Akira Harada
- Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, Toyonaka; Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- JST-ImPACT; Chiyoda-ku; Tokyo 100-8914 Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Yamaguchi
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, Toyonaka; Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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Zimmer P, Müller P, Burkhardt L, Schepper R, Neuba A, Steube J, Dietrich F, Flörke U, Mangold S, Gerhards M, Bauer M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Iron as Photosensitizers for Light-Induced Water Reduction. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zimmer
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Lukas Burkhardt
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Rahel Schepper
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Adam Neuba
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Jakob Steube
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Fabian Dietrich
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas; TU Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Ulrich Flörke
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Stefan Mangold
- Synchrotron Radiation Facility ANKA; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Markus Gerhards
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas; TU Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
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7
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Light to Hydrogen: Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation from Water with Molecularly-Defined Iron Complexes. INORGANICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics5010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Clark ER, Kurtz DM. Photosensitized H2 generation from "one-pot" and "two-pot" assemblies of a zinc-porphyrin/platinum nanoparticle/protein scaffold. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:630-8. [PMID: 26616549 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03418c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report photosensitized H2 generation using a protein scaffold that nucleates formation of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) and contains "built-in" photosensitizers. The photosensitizers, zinc-protoporphyrin IX or zinc-mesoporphyrin IX (ZnP) were incorporated in place of the naturally occurring heme in the 24-subunit iron storage protein bacterioferritin (Bfr) when the ZnPs were added to the E. coli expression medium. We engineered a stable dimeric Bfr variant with two protein subunits sandwiching a ZnP. Ten glycines were also substituted in place of residues surrounding the vinyl side of the porphyrin in order increase access of solvent and/or redox agents. An optimized "one-pot" reaction of this glycine-substituted ZnMP-Bfr dimer with a Pt(iv) salt and borohydride resulted in a ∼50 : 50 mixture of protein in the form of Pt-free glycine-substituted ZnP-Bfr dimers and re-assembled 24-mers surrounding Pt NPs formed in situ. H2 production occurred upon visible light irradiation of this "one-pot" product when combined with triethanolamine as sacrificial electron donor and methyl viologen as electron relay. An analogous "two-pot" system containing mixtures of separately prepared Pt-free glycine-substituted ZnP-Bfr dimer and porphyrin-free Pt NP@Bfr 24-mer also showed robust photosensitized H2 generation. The glycine-substituted-ZnP-Bfr dimer thus served as photosensitizer for catalytic reduction of methyl viologen by triethanolamine, and the reduced methyl viologen was able to transfer electrons across the Bfr 24-mer protein shell to generate H2 at the enclosed Pt NP in a "dark" reaction. Our results demonstrate that Bfr is a readily manipulatable and versatile scaffold for photosensitized redox chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Donald M Kurtz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Dey S, Mondal P, Rath SP. Aggregation-controlled excimer emission in an axial anthracene–Sn(iv)porphyrin–anthracene triad in the solid and solution phases. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj02405b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An anthracene–porphyrin donor–acceptor triad has been synthesized and its photophysical properties along with excimer behavior are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
| | - Pritam Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
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Mejía E, Luo SP, Karnahl M, Friedrich A, Tschierlei S, Surkus AE, Junge H, Gladiali S, Lochbrunner S, Beller M. A Noble-Metal-Free System for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water. Chemistry 2013; 19:15972-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Luo SP, Mejía E, Friedrich A, Pazidis A, Junge H, Surkus AE, Jackstell R, Denurra S, Gladiali S, Lochbrunner S, Beller M. Photocatalytic Water Reduction with Copper-Based Photosensitizers: A Noble-Metal-Free System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:419-23. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Luo SP, Mejía E, Friedrich A, Pazidis A, Junge H, Surkus AE, Jackstell R, Denurra S, Gladiali S, Lochbrunner S, Beller M. Photocatalytic Water Reduction with Copper-Based Photosensitizers: A Noble-Metal-Free System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Lazarides T, Kuhri S, Charalambidis G, Panda MK, Guldi DM, Coutsolelos AG. Electron vs energy transfer in arrays featuring two Bodipy chromophores axially bound to a Sn(IV) porphyrin via a phenolate or benzoate bridge. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:4193-204. [PMID: 22424174 DOI: 10.1021/ic2026472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this report we describe the synthesis of multichromophore arrays consisting of two Bodipy units axially bound to a Sn(IV) porphyrin center either via a phenolate (3) or via a carboxylate (6) functionality. Absorption spectra and electrochemical studies show that the Bodipy and porphyrin chromophores interact weakly in the ground state. However, steady-state emission and excitation spectra at room temperature reveal that fluorescence from both the Bodipy and the porphyrin of 3 are strongly quenched suggesting that, in the excited state, energy and/or electron transfer might occur. Indeed, as transient absorption experiments show, selective excitation of Bodipy in 3 results in a rapid decay (τ ≈ 2 ps) of the Bodipy-based singlet excited state and a concomitant rise of a charge-separated state evolving from the porphyrin-based singlet excited state. In contrast, room-temperature emission studies on 6 show strong quenching of the Bodipy-based fluorescence leading to sensitized emission from the porphyrin moiety due to a transduction of the singlet excited state energy from Bodipy to the porphyrin. Emission experiments at 77 K in frozen toluene reveal that the room-temperature electron transfer pathway observed in 3 is suppressed. Instead, Bodipy excitation in 3 and 6 results in population of the first singlet excited state of the porphyrin chromophore. Subsequently, intersystem crossing leads to the porphyrin-based triplet excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Lazarides
- Chemistry Department, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, P.O. Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Sano Y, Onoda A, Hayashi T. A hydrogenase model system based on the sequence of cytochrome c: photochemical hydrogen evolution in aqueous media. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:8229-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11157d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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16
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Takai A, Gros CP, Barbe JM, Fukuzumi S. Photodynamics in stable complexes composed of a zinc porphyrin tripod and pyridyl porphyrins assembled by multiple coordination bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:12160-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00329h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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