1
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Escorihuela J, Lledós A, Ujaque G. Anti-Markovnikov Intermolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes and Alkynes: A Mechanistic View. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9139-9203. [PMID: 37406078 PMCID: PMC10416226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydroamination, the addition of an N-H bond across a C-C multiple bond, is a reaction with a great synthetic potential. Important advances have been made in the last decades concerning catalysis of these reactions. However, controlling the regioselectivity in the amine addition toward the formation of anti-Markovnikov products (addition to the less substituted carbon) still remains a challenge, particularly in intermolecular hydroaminations of alkenes and alkynes. The goal of this review is to collect the systems in which intermolecular hydroamination of terminal alkynes and alkenes with anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity has been achieved. The focus will be placed on the mechanistic aspects of such reactions, to discern the step at which regioselectivity is decided and to unravel the factors that favor the anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity. In addition to the processes entailing direct addition of the amine to the C-C multiple bond, alternative pathways, involving several reactions to accomplish anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity (formal hydroamination processes), will also be discussed in this review. The catalysts gathered embrace most of the metal groups of the Periodic Table. Finally, a section discussing radical-mediated and metal-free approaches, as well as heterogeneous catalyzed processes, is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Escorihuela
- Departament
de Química Orgànica, Universitat
de València, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Agustí Lledós
- Departament
de Química and Centro de Innovación en Química
Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gregori Ujaque
- Departament
de Química and Centro de Innovación en Química
Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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2
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Mahato S, Nandy S, Das KK, Panda S. Zirconium Promoted Synthetic Transformations of Organoboron Compounds. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somenath Mahato
- IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur chemistry INDIA
| | - Soumilee Nandy
- IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur chemistry INDIA
| | - Kanak Kanti Das
- IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur chemistry INDIA
| | - Santanu Panda
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Department of Chemistry Chemistry IIT Kharagpur, Organic chemistry building, OC-207Near Rubber technology department 721302 Kharagpur INDIA
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3
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Gao Y, Yang S, Huo Y, Chen Q, Li X, Hu XQ. NiH-Catalyzed Hydroamination/Cyclization Cascade: Rapid Access to Quinolines. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Simin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianwei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
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4
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Yiğit M, Gök Y, Yiğit B, Özeroğlu Çelikal Ö. Rhodium(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes as Catalysts for the Anti-Markovnikov Hydroaminations of Styrene. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-14430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Ma W, Zhang X, Fan J, Liu Y, Tang W, Xue D, Li C, Xiao J, Wang C. Iron-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydroamination and Hydroamidation of Allylic Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13506-13515. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Juan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Weijun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
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6
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Abstract
At the advent of cross-coupling chemistry, carbon electrophiles based on halides or pseudohalides were the only suitable electrophilic coupling partners. Almost two decades passed before the first cross-coupling reaction of heteroatom-based electrophiles was reported. Early work by Murai and Tanaka initiated investigations into silicon electrophiles. Narasaka and Johnson pioneered the way in the use of nitrogen electrophiles, while Suginome began the exploration of boron electrophiles. The chemistry reviewed within provides perspective on the use of heteroatomic electrophiles, specifically silicon-, nitrogen-, boron-, oxygen-, and phosphorus-based electrophiles in transition-metal catalyzed cross-coupling. For the purposes of this review, a loose definition of cross-coupling is utilized; all reactions minimally proceed via an oxidative addition event. Although not cross-coupling in a traditional sense, we have also included catalyzed reactions that join a heteroatomic electrophile with an in situ generated nucleophile. However, for brevity, those involving hydroamination or C-H activation as a key step are largely excluded. This work includes primary references published up to and including October 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina M Korch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Delaware Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Donald A Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Delaware Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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7
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Nishino S, Hirano K, Miura M. Copper-Catalyzed Electrophilic Amination of gem-Diborylalkanes with Hydroxylamines Providing α-Aminoboronic Acid Derivatives. Org Lett 2019; 21:4759-4762. [PMID: 31184168 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soshi Nishino
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Hirano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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8
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Hirano K, Miura M. Development of New C-N and C-P Bond Formations with Alkenes and Alkynes Based on Electrophilic Amination and Phosphination. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2018. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.76.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hirano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
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9
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Xie F, Shen B, Li X. Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Hydroamination of Vinylarenes with Anthranils. Org Lett 2018; 20:7154-7157. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xie
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bingxue Shen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingwei Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
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10
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Tobisch S. CuH-catalysed hydroamination of arylalkynes with hydroxylamine esters - a computational scrutiny of rival mechanistic pathways. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4410-4423. [PMID: 28660063 PMCID: PMC5472847 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An in-depth computational mechanistic probe of the CuH-mediated hydroamination of internal arylalkynes with an archetype hydroxylamine ester and hydrosilane by a (Xantphos)CuH catalyst (Xantphos ≡ {P^P} ≡ 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) is presented. This first comprehensive computational study of the CuH-mediated electrophilic alkyne hydroamination has identified the most accessible pathway for the rival avenues for direct and reductive hydroamination. The mechanistic picture derived from smooth energy profiles obtained by employing a reliable computational protocol applied to a realistic catalyst model conforms to all available experimental data. The crucial vinyl- and alkylcopper intermediates were found to display a distinct chemodivergence in their reactivity towards amine electrophile and alcohol, which ensures the successful formation of α-branched alkylamines together with (E)-enamines. On the one hand, the vinylcopper is somewhat preferably approached by the alcohol, thereby rendering the reductive hydroamination avenue favourable in the presence of both amine electrophile and alcohol. In contrast, the greater kinetic demands for protonation versus electrophilic amination predicted for the alkylcopper prevents the reductive hydroamination avenue to become non-productive. Electronically modified hydroxylamine esters are found to influence the chemoselectivity in reactivity towards amine electrophile and alcohol achievable for the vinyl- and alkylcopper, thereby offering an opportunity for process improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Tobisch
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry , Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews , UK KY16 9ST .
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11
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Yoon H, Kim Y, Lee Y. Cu-Catalyzed electrophilic amination of internal alkynes via hydroalumination. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:790-795. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02606k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward and efficient method for the synthesis of 1,2-diaryl-substituted enamines through the Cu-catalyzed electrophilic amination reaction of O-benzoyl hydroxylamines with vinylaluminum reagents generated in situ from the Ni-catalyzed hydroalumination of readily accessible internal aryl acetylenes is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongju Yoon
- Department of Chemistry
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 01897
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 01897
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 01897
- Republic of Korea
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12
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Lui EKJ, Schafer LL. Facile Synthesis and Isolation of Secondary Amines via
a Sequential Titanium(IV)-Catalyzed Hydroamination and Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Bahri J, Blieck R, Jamoussi B, Taillefer M, Monnier F. Hydroamination of terminal alkynes with secondary amines catalyzed by copper: regioselective access to amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11210-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02677f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and convenient copper-catalyzed hydroamination of arylacetylenes with secondary amines has been performed giving a simple access to aliphatic amines after reduction of the hydroaminated products (E-enamines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Bahri
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- CNRS UMR 5253
- AM2N
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 05
| | - Rémi Blieck
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- CNRS UMR 5253
- AM2N
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 05
| | - Bassem Jamoussi
- Laboratoire de Chimie
- Institut Supérieur d'Education et de Formation Continue
- Le Bardo
- Tunisia
| | - Marc Taillefer
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- CNRS UMR 5253
- AM2N
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 05
| | - Florian Monnier
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- CNRS UMR 5253
- AM2N
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 05
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14
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Sakae R, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M. Copper-Catalyzed Stereoselective Aminoboration of Bicyclic Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:613-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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15
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Sakae R, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M. Copper-Catalyzed Stereoselective Aminoboration of Bicyclic Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Hirano K, Miura M. Copper-catalyzed aminoboration and hydroamination of alkenes with electrophilic amination reagents. PURE APPL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2014-5004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed regioselective, stereospecific, and enantioselective aminoboration reaction of alkenes with bis(pinacolato)diboron and O-acylated hydroxylamines has been developed to deliver the corresponding β-aminoalkylboranes, which can be important building blocks in organic synthesis. In addition, this methodology has been applied to a formal regioselective hydroamination of styrenes by replacement of the diboron reagent with polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS). The catalytic asymmetric hydroamination is also possible by using an appropriate chiral biphosphine ligand.
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17
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Miki Y, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M. Copper-catalyzed enantioselective formal hydroamination of oxa- and azabicyclic alkenes with hydrosilanes and hydroxylamines. Org Lett 2014; 16:1498-501. [PMID: 24555736 DOI: 10.1021/ol5003219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A CuCl/(R,R)-Ph-BPE-catalyzed enantioselective formal hydroamination of oxa- and azabicyclic alkenes with polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) and O-benzoylhydroxylamines has been developed. The efficient and stereoselective net addition of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms provides the corresponding optically active oxa- and azanorbornenyl- and -norbornanylamines in good yields and good enantiomeric ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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18
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Sakae R, Matsuda N, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M. Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of (Borylmethyl)cyclopropylamines by Copper-Catalyzed Aminoboration of Methylenecyclopropanes. Org Lett 2014; 16:1228-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5001507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sakae
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsuda
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Hirano
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Satoh
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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19
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Abstract
This perspective encompasses the recent trends and developments in copper-catalyzed electrophilic amination for the construction of various amines and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xianghua Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
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20
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Zhu S, Niljianskul N, Buchwald SL. Enantio- and regioselective CuH-catalyzed hydroamination of alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:15746-9. [PMID: 24106781 DOI: 10.1021/ja4092819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A highly enantio- and regioselective copper-catalyzed hydroamination reaction of alkenes has been developed using diethoxymethylsilane and esters of hydroxylamines. The process tolerates a wide variety of substituted styrenes, including trans-, cis-, and β,β-disubstituted styrenes, to yield α-branched amines. In addition, aliphatic alkenes coupled to generate exclusively the anti-Markovnikov hydroamination products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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