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Qiu X, Chong D, Fairbanks AJ. Selective Anomeric Acetylation of Unprotected Sugars with Acetic Anhydride in Water. Org Lett 2023; 25:1989-1993. [PMID: 36912487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Unprotected sugars are selectively acetylated simply by stirring in aqueous solution in the presence of acetic anhydride and a weak base such as sodium carbonate. The reaction is selective for acetylation of the anomeric hydroxyl group of mannose, 2-acetamido, and 2-deoxy sugars and can be performed on a large scale. Competitive intramolecular migration of the 1-O-acetate to the 2-hydroxyl group when these two substituents are cis causes over-reaction and the formation of product mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Chong
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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2
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Meguro Y, Enomoto M, Kuwahara S. Synthesis of the
N
‐Amykitanosyl Tetramic Acid Moiety of Amycolamicin. European J Org Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202300075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Meguro
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8572 Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8572 Japan
| | - Shigefumi Kuwahara
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8572 Japan
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3
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Kano K, Ishii N, Miyagawa A, Takeda H, Hirabayashi Y, Kamiguchi H, Greimel P, Matsuo I. Protecting-group-free glycosylation of phosphatidic acid in aqueous media. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2138-2142. [PMID: 36794702 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02173k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The glycosylation of unprotected carbohydrates has emerged as an area of significant interest because it obviates the need for long reaction sequences involving protecting-group manipulations. Herein, we report the one-pot synthesis of anomeric glycosyl phosphates through the condensation of unprotected carbohydrates with phospholipid derivatives while retaining high stereo- and regioselective control. The anomeric center was activated using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride to facilitate condensation with glycerol-3-phosphate derivatives in an aqueous solution. A water/propionitrile mixture provided superior stereoselectivity while maintaining good yields. Under these optimized conditions, the condensation of stable isotope-labeled glucose with phosphatidic acid provided efficient access to labeled glycophospholipids as an internal standard for mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kano
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Ishii
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takeda
- RIKEN, Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- RIKEN, Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | | | - Peter Greimel
- RIKEN, Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Matsuo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
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4
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Miyagawa A, Kamikawa S, Miyazaki S, Kamiya T, Yamamura H. Synthesis of UDP-glucose with 1,2-trans glycoside in a one-step reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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5
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Qiu X, Garden AL, Fairbanks AJ. Protecting group free glycosylation: one-pot stereocontrolled access to 1,2- trans glycosides and (1→6)-linked disaccharides of 2-acetamido sugars. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4122-4130. [PMID: 35440979 PMCID: PMC8985506 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unprotected 2-acetamido sugars may be directly converted into their oxazolines using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC), and a suitable base, in aqueous solution. Freeze drying and acid catalysed reaction with an alcohol as solvent produces the corresponding 1,2-trans-glycosides in good yield. Alternatively, dissolution in an aprotic solvent system and acidic activation in the presence of an excess of an unprotected glycoside as a glycosyl acceptor, results in the stereoselective formation of the corresponding 1,2-trans linked disaccharides without any protecting group manipulations. Reactions using aryl glycosides as acceptors are completely regioselective, producing only the (1→6)-linked disaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Anna L Garden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand.,The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington Wellington 6140 New Zealand
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand .,Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
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6
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Fairbanks AJ. Applications of Shoda's reagent (DMC) and analogues for activation of the anomeric centre of unprotected carbohydrates. Carbohydr Res 2020; 499:108197. [PMID: 33256953 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC, herein also referred to as Shoda's reagent) and its derivatives are useful for numerous synthetic transformations in which the anomeric centre of unprotected reducing sugars is selectively activated in aqueous solution. As such unprotected sugars can undergo anomeric substitution with a range of added nucleophiles, providing highly efficient routes to a range of glycosides and glycoconjugates without the need for traditional protecting group manipulations. This mini-review summarizes the development of DMC and some of its derivatives/analogues, and highlights recent applications for protecting group-free synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
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7
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Qiu X, Fairbanks AJ. Direct Synthesis of para-Nitrophenyl Glycosides from Reducing Sugars in Water. Org Lett 2020; 22:2490-2493. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Antony J. Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Center, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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8
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Qiu X, Fairbanks AJ. Scope of the DMC mediated glycosylation of unprotected sugars with phenols in aqueous solution. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7355-7365. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01727b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of reducing sugars in aqueous solution using DMC and triethylamine in the presence of phenols allows direct stereoselective conversion to the corresponding 1,2-trans aryl glycosides without the need for any protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
| | - Antony J. Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre
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9
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Colombo C, Bennet AJ. The physical organic chemistry of glycopyranosyl transfer reactions in solution and enzyme-catalyzed. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 53:145-157. [PMID: 31689605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the mechanisms of glycopyranosyl transfer that occur in solution, both for the chemical synthesis of complex structures and that for the cleavage of glycosidic bonds has allowed us to design biologically active molecules. Recent efforts on the reactivity of glycopyranosides, which are critical entities in all biological systems, coupled with the advent of modern spectroscopic instrumentation have allowed physical organic chemists to broaden our knowledge of glycosyl transfer reaction transition states, both in solution and for enzyme-catalyzed processes, and of critical high energy intermediates. This review details recent physical organic, kinetic and structural studies that have led to elucidation of several different mechanism for the transfer of glycopyranosyl moieties from various substrates to acceptors, such as water or a sugar hydroxyl group.
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10
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Meguro Y, Noguchi M, Li G, Shoda SI. Glycosyl Bunte Salts: A Class of Intermediates for Sugar Chemistry. Org Lett 2017; 20:76-79. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Meguro
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masato Noguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Gefei Li
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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