1
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Maurya JP, Swain SS, Ramasastry SSV. Phosphine-promoted intramolecular Rauhut-Currier/Wittig reaction cascade to access (hetero)arene-fused diquinanes. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5718-5723. [PMID: 38919118 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00984c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
We describe the first phosphine-promoted intramolecular Rauhut-Currier reaction that triggers an intramolecular Wittig process assembling new classes of diquinanes. The one-pot strategy provides ready access to simple diquinanes and various (hetero)arene-fused diquinanes incorporated with up to two contiguous all-carbon quaternary centers under metal-free and neutral conditions. We showcased the generality of the method on a broad range of substrates and demonstrated its synthetic utility in accessing various advanced intermediates relevant to natural product synthesis and material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Maurya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Subham S Swain
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
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2
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Adachi Y, Hasegawa T, Ohshita J. Highly luminescent antiaromatic diborinines with fused thiophene rings. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37357987 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01841e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Tricoordinate boron-incorporated π-conjugated systems are widely investigated as optoelectronic materials because of their unique p-π* orbital interactions and high Lewis acidity. Among them, thiophene-fused diborinines are characterized by moderate antiaromaticity and extended conjugation. In this work, we have developed two new dithienodiborinines with C2h and C2v symmetries, which exhibited completely different optical properties. The thiophene-fused diborinines synthesized in this study showed excellent fluorescence properties both in solution and in the solid state, with quantum yields of up to 95%. The high antiaromaticity enhanced the Lewis acidity of the boron centers, as proven by the large association constants with fluoride ion estimated from titration experiments. The high Lewis acidity and the superior luminescence property have enabled their application as fluorescent sensor materials for the detection of ammonia vapor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Adachi
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Takumi Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Joji Ohshita
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
- Digital Monozukuri (Manufacturing) Education and Research Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
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3
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Zhang X, Wei G, Sheng Y, Bai W, Yang J, Zhang W, Ye C. Polymer-Unit Fingerprint (PUFp): An Accessible Expression of Polymer Organic Semiconductors for Machine Learning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21537-21548. [PMID: 37084318 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High-performance organic semiconductors (OSCs) can be designed based on the identification of functional units and their role in the material properties. Herein, we present a polymer-unit fingerprint (PUFp) generation framework, "Python-based polymer-unit-recognition script" (PURS), to identify the subunits "polymer unit" in the polymer and generate polymer-unit fingerprint (PUFp). Using 678 collected OSC data, machine learning (ML) models can be used to determine structure-mobility relationships by using PUFp as a structural input, and the classification accuracy reaches 85.2%. A polymer-unit library consisting of 445 units is constructed, and the key polymer units affecting the mobility of OSCs are identified. By investigating the combinations of polymer units with mobility performance, a scheme for designing OSCs by combining ML approaches and PUFp information is proposed. This scheme not only passively predicts OSC mobility but also actively provides structural guidance for high-mobility OSC material design. The proposed scheme demonstrates the ability to screen materials through pre-evaluation and classification ML steps and is an alternative methodology for applying ML in high-mobility OSC discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Genwang Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ye Sheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Bai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiong Yang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Caichao Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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4
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Horii K, Nogata A, Mizuno Y, Iwasa H, Suzuki M, Nakayama KI, Konishi A, Yasuda M. Synthesis and Characterization of Dinaphtho[2,1-a:2,3-f]pentalene: A Stable Antiaromatic/Quinoidal Hydrocarbon Showing Appropriate Carrier Mobility in the Amorphous Layer. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Horii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Nogata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruna Iwasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Nakayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihito Konishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Singh B, Bankar SK, Ramasastry SSV. Pd-Catalyzed Nazarov-Type Cyclization: Application in the Total Synthesis of β-Diasarone and Other Complex Cyclopentanoids. Org Lett 2022; 24:1043-1048. [PMID: 35060746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe the palladium-catalyzed Nazarov-type cyclization of easily accessible (hetero)arylallyl acetates to pentannulated (hetero)arenes. This method provides ready access to various types of bi-, tri-, tetra-, and pentacyclic cyclopentanoids under neutral conditions. The synthetic utility is further demonstrated in the first total synthesis of β-diasarone and several other complex cyclopentanoids relevant to medicinal chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bara Singh
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)─Mohali, Sector 81, S A S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Siddheshwar K Bankar
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)─Mohali, Sector 81, S A S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)─Mohali, Sector 81, S A S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India
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6
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Barker JE, Price TW, Karas LJ, Kishi R, MacMillan SN, Zakharov LN, Gómez-García CJ, Wu JI, Nakano M, Haley MM. A Tale of Two Isomers: Enhanced Antiaromaticity/Diradical Character versus Deleterious Ring-Opening of Benzofuran-fused s-Indacenes and Dicyclopenta[b,g]naphthalenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22385-22392. [PMID: 34383986 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We examine the effects of fusing two benzofurans to s-indacene (indacenodibenzofurans, IDBFs) and dicyclopenta[b,g]naphthalene (indenoindenodibenzofurans, IIDBFs) to control the strong antiaromaticity and diradical character of these core units. Synthesis via 3-functionalized benzofuran yields syn-IDBF and syn-IIDBF. syn-IDBF possesses a high degree of paratropicity, exceeding that of the parent hydrocarbon, which in turn results in strong diradical character for syn-IIDBF. In the case of the anti-isomers, synthesized via 2-substituted benzofurans, these effects are decreased; however, both derivatives undergo an unexpected ring-opening reaction during the final dearomatization step. All the results are compared to the benzothiophene-fused analogues and show that the increased electronegativity of oxygen in the syn-fused derivatives leads to enhancement of the antiaromatic core causing greater paratropicity. For syn-IIDBF increased diradical character results from rearomati-zation of the core naphthalene unit in order to relieve this paratropicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Barker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Tavis W Price
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Lucas J Karas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, International Advanced Research Institute (QIQB-IARI), Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.,Division of Quantum Photochemical Engineering, Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry (RCSEC), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Lev N Zakharov
- Center for Advanced Materials Characterization at Oregon (CAMCOR), University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1433, USA
| | - Carlos J Gómez-García
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, International Advanced Research Institute (QIQB-IARI), Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.,Division of Quantum Photochemical Engineering, Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry (RCSEC), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Michael M Haley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
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7
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Barker JE, Price TW, Karas LJ, Kishi R, MacMillan SN, Zakharov LN, Gómez‐García CJ, Wu JI, Nakano M, Haley MM. A Tale of Two Isomers: Enhanced Antiaromaticity/Diradical Character versus Deleterious Ring‐Opening of Benzofuran‐fused
s
‐Indacenes and Dicyclopenta[
b
,
g
]naphthalenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E. Barker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene Oregon 97403-1253 USA
| | - Tavis W. Price
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene Oregon 97403-1253 USA
| | - Lucas J. Karas
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA
| | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology International Advanced Research Institute (QIQB-IARI) Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
- Division of Quantum Photochemical Engineering Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry (RCSEC) Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Center for Advanced Materials Characterization at Oregon (CAMCOR) University of Oregon Eugene Oregon 97403-1433 USA
| | - Carlos J. Gómez‐García
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Judy I. Wu
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology International Advanced Research Institute (QIQB-IARI) Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
- Division of Quantum Photochemical Engineering Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry (RCSEC) Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI) Osaka University Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN) Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Michael M. Haley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene Oregon 97403-1253 USA
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8
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Dressler JJ, Barker JE, Karas LJ, Hashimoto HE, Kishi R, Zakharov LN, MacMillan SN, Gomez-Garcia CJ, Nakano M, Wu JI, Haley MM. Late-Stage Modification of Electronic Properties of Antiaromatic and Diradicaloid Indeno[1,2-b]fluorene Analogues via Sulfur Oxidation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10846-10857. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucas J. Karas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | | | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- CAMCOR, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1433, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Carlos J. Gomez-Garcia
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Quantum Information and Quantum Biology Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Judy I. Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Michael M. Haley
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-6231, United States
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9
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Mayer PJ, El Bakouri O, Holczbauer T, Samu GF, Janáky C, Ottosson H, London G. Structure-Property Relationships in Unsymmetric Bis(antiaromatics): Who Wins the Battle between Pentalene and Benzocyclobutadiene?†. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5158-5172. [PMID: 32189503 PMCID: PMC7311060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
According
to the currently accepted structure–property relationships,
aceno-pentalenes with an angular shape (fused to the 1,2-bond of the
acene) exhibit higher antiaromaticity than those with a linear shape
(fused to the 2,3-bond of the acene). To explore and expand the current
view, we designed and synthesized molecules where two isomeric, yet,
different, 8π antiaromatic subunits, a benzocyclobutadiene (BCB)
and a pentalene, are combined into, respectively, an angular and a
linear topology via an unsaturated six-membered ring. The antiaromatic
character of the molecules is supported experimentally by 1H NMR, UV–vis, and cyclic voltammetry measurements and X-ray
crystallography. The experimental results are further confirmed by
theoretical studies including the calculation of several aromaticity
indices (NICS, ACID, HOMA, FLU, MCI). In the case of the angular molecule,
double bond-localization within the connecting six-membered ring resulted
in reduced antiaromaticity of both the BCB and pentalene subunits,
while the linear structure provided a competitive situation for the
two unequal [4n]π subunits. We found that in
the latter case the BCB unit alleviated its unfavorable antiaromaticity
more efficiently, leaving the pentalene with strong antiaromaticity.
Thus, a reversed structure–antiaromaticity relationship when
compared to aceno-pentalenes was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter J Mayer
- MTA-TTK "Lendület" Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ouissam El Bakouri
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 530, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tamás Holczbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely F Samu
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Csaba Janáky
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 530, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gábor London
- MTA-TTK "Lendület" Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Barker JE, Kodama T, Song MK, Frederickson CK, Jousselin-Oba T, Zakharov LN, Marrot J, Frigoli M, Johnson RP, Haley MM. Serendipitous Rediscovery of the Facile Cyclization of Z,Z-3,5-Octadiene-1,7-diyne Derivatives to Afford Stable, Substituted Naphthocyclobutadienes. Chempluschem 2020; 84:665-672. [PMID: 31944015 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The serendipitous isolation of very small amounts of two naphthocyclobutadiene (NCB) derivatives has led to the computational re-examination of the electrocyclization of Z,Z-3,5-octadiene-1,7-diyne as well as the experimental and computational study of diethynylindeno[2,1-a]fluorene derivatives that contain the 3,5-octadiene-1,7-diyne motif as part of a larger π-framework. In both cases the calculated potential energy surface strongly implicates two successive electrocyclic reactions to afford the antiaromatic products. With the octadienediyne fragment locked in the reactive conformation, the postulated diethynylindeno[2,1-a]fluorene intermediates afford the NCBs in modest to good yields. X-ray crystallography of four NCBs as well as NICS-XY scan calculations show that the paratropic motif is located primarily in the benzocyclobutadiene fragment within the larger π-scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Barker
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
| | - Takuya Kodama
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
| | - Min K Song
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, United States
| | - Conerd K Frederickson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
| | - Tanguy Jousselin-Oba
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Lev N Zakharov
- CAMCOR - Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1433, United States
| | - Jérôme Marrot
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Richard P Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, United States
| | - Michael M Haley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
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