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Nakayama T, Uno B. Reactivity of trans-Resveratrol toward Electrogenerated Superoxide in N, N-Dimethylformamide. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4382-4393. [PMID: 36852964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of 5-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethen-1-yl]benzene-1,3-diol (trans-resveratrol) and related compounds toward electrogenerated superoxide radical anion (O2•-) were investigated using electrochemistry, in situ electrolytic electron spin resonance, and in situ electrolytic ultraviolet-visible spectral measurements, in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The quasi-reversible cyclic voltammogram of dioxygen/O2•- was modified by the presence of trans-resveratrol, suggesting that the electrogenerated O2•- was scavenged by trans-resveratrol through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) via three phenolic hydroxy groups (OH) on the stilbene moiety. The reactivity of trans-resveratrol toward O2•- characterized by the OHs was experimentally confirmed in comparative analyses using some related compounds, pinosylvin, pterostilbene, p-coumaric acid, and so on, in DMF. The electrochemical and DFT results suggested that a concerted PCET mechanism via 4'OH of trans-resveratrol proceeds, where the coplanarity of the two phenolic rings in the stilbene moiety linked by an ethylene bridge is essential for a successful O2•- scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Nakayama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Bunji Uno
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gifu University of Medical Science, 4-3-3 Nijigaoka, Kani, Gifu 509-0923, Japan
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Nakayama T, Uno B. Reactivities of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalenes toward electrogenerated superoxide in N,N-dimethylformamide through proton-coupled electron transfer. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Reactivities of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives Involving Caffeic Acid toward Electrogenerated Superoxide in N,N-Dimethylformamide. ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactivity of (2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid (caffeic acid), classified as a hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) derivative, toward electrogenerated superoxide radical anion (O2•−) was investigated through cyclic voltammetry, in situ electrolytic electron spin resonance spectrometry, and in situ electrolytic ultraviolet–visible spectrometry in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), aided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The quasi-reversible redox of dioxygen/O2•− is modified in the presence of caffeic acid, suggesting that O2•− is scavenged by caffeic acid through proton-coupled electron transfer. The reactivities of caffeic acid toward O2•− are mediated by the ortho-diphenol (catechol) moiety rather than by the acryloyl group, as experimentally confirmed in comparative analyses with other HCAs. The electrochemical and DFT results in DMF suggested that a concerted two-proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism proceeds via the catechol moiety. This mechanism embodies the superior kinetics of O2•− scavenging by caffeic acid.
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Jadreško D, Miličević A, Jovanović IN. Reactivity of flavonoids toward superoxide radical: An electrochemical approach. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Electrochemical and Mechanistic Study of Superoxide Scavenging by Pyrogallol in N,N-Dimethylformamide through Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenging of electrogenerated superoxide radical anion (O2•−) by pyrogallol (PyH3) was investigated on the basis of cyclic voltammetry and in situ electrolytic electron spin resonance spectrum in N,N-dimethylformamide with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Quasi-reversible dioxygen/O2•− redox couple was modified by the presence of PyH3, suggesting that O2•− was scavenged by PyH3 through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) involving two proton transfer and one electron transfer. DFT calculation suggested that the pre-reactive formation of a hydrogen-bond (HB) complex and the subsequent concerted two-proton-coupled electron transfer characterized by catechol moiety in PyH3 is plausible mechanism that embodies the superior kinetics of the O2•− scavenging by PyH3 as shown in the electrochemical results. Furthermore, it was clarified that the three hydroxyl groups of PyH3 promote the formation of HB complex, in comparative analyses using related compounds, resulting in the promotion of the O2•− scavenging.
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Electrochemical and Mechanistic Study of Reactivities of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-Tocopherol toward Electrogenerated Superoxide in N, N-Dimethylformamide through Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010009. [PMID: 35052513 PMCID: PMC8773314 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenging of superoxide radical anion (O2•−) by tocopherols (TOH) and related compounds was investigated on the basis of cyclic voltammetry and in situ electrolytic electron spin resonance spectrum in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Quasi-reversible dioxygen/O2•− redox was modified by the presence of TOH, suggesting that the electrogenerated O2•− was scavenged by α-, β-, γ-TOH through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), but not by δ-TOH. The reactivities of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-TOH toward O2•− characterized by the methyl group on the 6-chromanol ring was experimentally confirmed, where the methyl group promotes the PCET mechanism. Furthermore, comparative analyses using some related compounds suggested that the para-oxygen-atom in the 6-chromanol ring is required for a successful electron transfer (ET) to O2•− through the PCET. The electrochemical and DFT results in dehydrated DMF suggested that the PCET mechanism involves the preceding proton transfer (PT) forming a hydroperoxyl radical, followed by a PCET (intermolecular ET–PT). The O2•− scavenging by TOH proceeds efficiently along the PCET mechanism involving one ET and two PTs.
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Nakayama T, Honda R. Electrochemical and Mechanistic Study of Oxidative Degradation of Favipiravir by Electrogenerated Superoxide through Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21730-21740. [PMID: 34471775 PMCID: PMC8388100 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical analyses aided by density functional theory calculations were used to investigate the oxidative degradation of pyrazine antiviral drugs, 3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide (T-1105) and 6-fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide (favipiravir, T-705), by the electrogenerated superoxide radical anion (O2 •-). T-1105 and T-705 are antiviral RNA nucleobase analogues that selectively inhibit the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. They are expected as a drug candidate against various viral infections, including COVID-19. The pyrazine moiety was decomposed by O2 •- through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET). Our results show that its active form, pyrazine-ribofuranosyl-5'-triphosphate, is easily oxidized under inflamed organs by overproduced O2 •- through the PCET mechanism in the immune system. This mechanistic study implies that the oxidative degradation of pyrazine derivatives will be prevented by controlling the PCET through simple modification of the pyrazine structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Nakayama
- Gifu
Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Ryo Honda
- United
Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Uno B. [Basic Study on Organic Electron Transfer Reactions by Electrochemistry Combined with Quantum Chemical Calculations]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:911-925. [PMID: 34193652 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the results of the author's basic research on organic electrochemistry conducted at Gifu Pharmaceutical University over about 40 years. After completing graduate school, the author became a research associate in Prof. Tanekazu Kubota's laboratory and started research on molecular spectroscopy in 1983. After Prof. Kubota retired in 1989, the author continued investigations in the field of organic electrochemistry as an independent researcher. At that time, a research environment in which ab initio molecular orbital calculations can be used as an analytical tool for experimental research was developed, and the author commenced research on organic electrochemistry combined with quantum chemical calculations as a lifework. The author's research topics were basic research on the molecular theory of redox potentials of organic molecules, molecular design of functional molecules, intermolecular interactions of organic molecules involving electron transfers and electron transfer systems composed of bioactive quinones, and analytical application research based on the basic electrochemistry. In this review article, the essence of the research results is introduced while reflecting on the existing situation at the time of the research. The author concludes the review by expressing gratitude to all colleagues for supporting the research in the author's laboratory.
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Electrochemical and Mechanistic Study of Superoxide Elimination by Mesalazine through Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020120. [PMID: 33557324 PMCID: PMC7915641 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The elimination of superoxide radical anions (O2•−) by 5-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (mesalazine, 5-ASA), 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-ASA), and related compounds used for ulcerative colitis treatment was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses aided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Quasi-reversible O2/O2•− redox was found to be modified by the compounds, suggesting that an acid–base reaction in which a hydroperoxyl radical (HO2•) is formed from O2•− occurs. However, the deprotonated 5-ASA anion can eliminate O2•− through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), forming a radical product. This electron transfer (ET) was confirmed by ESR analysis. The 4-aminophenol moiety in 5-ASA plays an important role in the PCET, involving two proton transfers and one ET based on π-conjugation. The electrochemical and DFT results indicated that O2•− elimination by 5-ASA proceeds efficiently through the PCET mechanism after deprotonation of the 1-carboxyl group. Thus, 5-ASA may act as an anti-inflammatory agent in the alkali intestine through PCET-based O2•− elimination.
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Highly efficient free radical-scavenging property of phenolic-functionalized chitosan derivatives: Chemical modification and activity assessment. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4279-4288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sakurai Y, Yamaguchi S, Yamamoto N, Yamashita T, Lu Y, Kuwabara K, Yamaguchi T, Miyake Y, Kanaori K, Tajima K. Development of Flow-Injection Spin-Trapping ESR Methods for Kinetic Study of the O 2−•Radical Scavenging Reaction with Mixtures of Phenolic Antioxidants. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Sakurai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Naoto Yamamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamashita
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Keiko Kuwabara
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyake
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanaori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tajima
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Kuwabara K, Nakano R, Sakurai Y, Yamaguchi T, Miyake Y, Kanaori K, Tajima K. Stopped-flow-optical Absorption and -electron Spin Resonance Studies on Short-lived Quercetin Semiquinone Radical Produced by Redox Reactions with O 2−• Radical in DMSO. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kuwabara
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ryota Nakano
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyake
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanaori
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tajima
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Nakayama T, Okumura N, Uno B. Complementary Effect of Intra- and Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds on Electron Transfer in β-Hydroxy-Anthraquinone Derivatives. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:848-860. [PMID: 31923355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out an electrochemical and theoretical study on the relationship between electron transfer (ET) and hydrogen bonding in 11 different 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) derivatives, including β-hydroxy AQs and their methoxylated analogs, in the presence of hydrogen donors in acetonitrile (ACN). The complementary effects of the intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs) on ET were studied by analyzing the complex formation constants derived from the intermolecular HB. Our results revealed that the inductive effect of the β substituent that indirectly controls the charge distribution on the AQ carbonyl oxygen, and steric hindrance at the β position, affect the complex formation constants. Furthermore, the analysis of ET in different isomeric dihydroxy AQs suggested that the position of the hydroxy groups affects the charge distribution and stabilizes structures through conjugation of the quinone moiety including the ipso ring, controlling the intra- and intermolecular HBs complementarily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Nakayama
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University , 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi , Gifu 501-1196 , Japan
| | - Noriko Okumura
- Department of Pharmacy , Kinjo Gakuin University , 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku , Nagoya 463-8521 , Japan
| | - Bunji Uno
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University , 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi , Gifu 501-1196 , Japan.,United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences , Gifu University , 1-1 Yanagido , Gifu 501-1193 , Japan
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Smolyaninov IV, Pitikova OV, Korchagina EO, Poddel'sky AI, Fukin GK, Luzhnova SA, Tichkomirov AM, Ponomareva EN, Berberova NT. Catechol thioethers with physiologically active fragments: Electrochemistry, antioxidant and cryoprotective activities. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:103003. [PMID: 31132599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A number of asymmetrical thioethers based on 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol containing sulfur atom bonding with physiologically active groups in the sixth position of aromatic ring have been synthesized and the electrochemical properties, antioxidant, cryoprotective activities of new thioethers have been evaluated. Cyclic voltammetry was used to estimate the oxidation potentials of thioethers in acetonitrile. The electrooxidation of compounds at the first stage leads to the formation of o-benzoquinones. The antioxidant activities of the compounds were determined using 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, experiments on the oxidative damage of the DNA, the reaction of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH) induced glutathione depletion (GSH), the process of lipid peroxidation of rat liver (Wistar) homogenates in vitro, and iron(II) chelation test. Compounds 1-9 have greater antioxidant effectiveness than 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol (CatH2) in all assays. The variation of physiologically active groups at sulfur atom allows to regulate lipophilic properties and antioxidant activity of compounds. Thioethers 3, 4 and 7 demonstrate the combination of radical scavenging, antioxidant activity and iron(II) binding properties. The researched compounds 1-9 were studied as possible cryoprotectants of the media for cryopreservation of the Russian sturgeon sperm. Novel cryoprotective additives in cryomedium reduce significantly the content of membrane-permeating agent (DMSO). A cryoprotective effect of an addition of the catechol thioethers depends on the structure of groups at sulfur atom. The cryoprotective properties of compounds 3, 4 and 7 are caused by combination of catechol fragment, bonded by a thioether linker with a long hydrocarbon chain and a terminal ionizable group or with a biologically relevant acetylcysteine residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Smolyaninov
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva str., Astrakhan 414056, Russia; Toxicology Research Group of Southern Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Science, 41 Chekhova str., Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russia.
| | - Olga V Pitikova
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva str., Astrakhan 414056, Russia
| | - Eugenia O Korchagina
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva str., Astrakhan 414056, Russia
| | - Andrey I Poddel'sky
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K Fukin
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Luzhnova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pyatigorsk Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Institute, 11 Kalinina str., Pyatigorsk 357500, Russia
| | - Andrey M Tichkomirov
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva str., Astrakhan 414056, Russia
| | - Elena N Ponomareva
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva str., Astrakhan 414056, Russia; Toxicology Research Group of Southern Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Science, 41 Chekhova str., Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russia
| | - Nadezhda T Berberova
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva str., Astrakhan 414056, Russia
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Quintero-Saumeth J, Rincón DA, Doerr M, Daza MC. Concerted double proton-transfer electron-transfer between catechol and superoxide radical anion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:26179-26190. [PMID: 28930314 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03930a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We have carried out a computational study on the reactivity of catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) towards superoxide radical anion (O2˙-) in water, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), pentyl ethanoate (PEA) and vacuum using density functional theory and the coupled cluster method. Five reaction mechanisms were studied: (i) sequential proton transfer followed by hydrogen atom transfer (PT-HT), (ii) sequential hydrogen atom transfer followed by proton transfer (HT-PT), (iii) single electron transfer (SET), (iv) radical adduct formation (RAF) and (v) concerted double proton-transfer electron-transfer (denoted as global reaction, GR). Our results show that catechol and superoxide do not react via a sequential reaction mechanism (initial PT, initial HAT or SET). Instead, the reaction proceeds via a concerted double proton-transfer electron-transfer mechanism yielding hydrogen peroxide and catechol radical anion. The protons are transferred asynchronously between the σ orbitals of the catechol oxygen atoms to superoxide, while the electron is transferred between oxygen π orbitals in the same direction. The calculated rate constants in aqueous media agree with the experimental values reported in the literature. This suggests that the mechanism proposed in this work is adequate to describe this reaction. In addition, our results show that the reaction exhibits a large tunneling effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Quintero-Saumeth
- Grupo de Bioquímica Teórica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
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Concerted two-proton–coupled electron transfer from catechols to superoxide via hydrogen bonds. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Galano A, Mazzone G, Alvarez-Diduk R, Marino T, Alvarez-Idaboy JR, Russo N. Food Antioxidants: Chemical Insights at the Molecular Level. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2016; 7:335-52. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-041715-033206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, Ciudad de México, D. F., México
| | - Gloria Mazzone
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
| | - Ruslán Alvarez-Diduk
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, Ciudad de México, D. F., México
| | - Tiziana Marino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
| | - J. Raúl Alvarez-Idaboy
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
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Anti-Oncogenic gem-Dihydroperoxides Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells by Trapping Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010071. [PMID: 26760996 PMCID: PMC4730315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic gem-dihydroperoxides (DHPs) and their derived peroxides have attracted a great deal of attention as potential anti-cancer agents. However, the precise mechanism of their inhibitory effect on tumors is unknown. To determine the mechanism of the inhibitory effects of DHPs, we examined the effects of DHPs on leukemia K562 cells. As a result, certain DHPs used in this study exhibited growth-inhibitory activity according to a clear structure-activity relationship. The most potent DHP, 12AC3O, induced apoptosis in K562 cells, but not in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) or fibroblast cells. 12AC3O induced apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and thereafter through the extrinsic pathway. The activity of the former pathway was partly attenuated by a JNK inhibitor. Interestingly, 12AC3O induced apoptosis by trapping a large amount of ROS, leading to an extremely lower intracellular ROS level compared with that in the cells in the steady-state condition. These results suggest that an appropriate level of intracellular ROS was necessary for the maintenance of cancer cell growth. DHPs may have a potential to be a novel anti-cancer agent with minimum adverse effects on normal cells.
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Murakami H, Esaka Y, Nakayama T, Uno B. Oxidation of Guanosine to the Imidazolone Derivative via Proton-coupled Electron Transfer to Hydroperoxy Radical Derived from Superoxide. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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