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Chen YT, Chen PH, Chou FY, Lin SH, Huang SY, Lee MC, Chang YJ, Hsu PC, Lo LC. The safety and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine for pneumonia prevention in high-risk elder residents in the nursing home: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117017. [PMID: 37562462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nursing home-associated pneumonia (NHAP) is a common type of infection among long-term care residents. Moreover, the mortality of NHAP is also higher than community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the decoctions of Banxia Houpo Tang (BHT) and Ding Chuan Tang (DCT) are two formulas supporting the lungs' natural defense systems, helps to expel mucus and promote detoxification. AIM OF THE STUDY We designed a concentrated Chinese herbal extract formula called BDT1, that combines the compounds of BHT and DCT. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of BDT1 for NHAP prevention in high-risk older residents in the nursing home. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 160 participants aged over 65 years old living in the nursing home were randomly assigned 1:1 to the BDT1 and placebo group. Besides regular medicine, participants received either BDT1 or a placebo for 12 consecutive weeks. The primary outcome was the hospitalization rate for pneumonia in the intervention period and half-year follow-up. The microscopic examination of Gram-stained sputum was also evaluated before and after the trial. Data were analyzed by using the Chi-square test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test with SPSS. RESULTS A total of 160 participants were enrolled into two study groups in this study, which was completed with 143 participants analyzed, including 70 subjects in the BDT1 group and 73 subjects in the placebo group. After the 12-week medical treatment, the hospitalization rate for pneumonia was 10.0% and 34.2% in the BDT1 and placebo group respectively. The risk of pneumonia in half a year was lower in the BDT1 group (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.422, 95% CI = 0.226-0.791). Compared to the placebo group, the level of Gram-negative bacilli in the BDT1 group is significantly declined in sputum samples (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the cumulative incidence of pneumonia and related-hospitalization rates declined significantly after 12-weeks of BDT1 treatment. Besides, Chinese herbal medicine BDT1 is a safe therapy without hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Tai Chen
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yunlin Christian Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Chou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hao Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Lee
- Brion Research Institute of Taiwan, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jun Chang
- Big Data Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Hsu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lun-Chien Lo
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Characterising salivary peptidome across diurnal dynamics and variations induced by sampling procedures. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:285-298. [PMID: 36149517 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterise diurnal dynamics of salivary peptidome and variations induced by sampling procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS A supervised short-term longitudinal study was conducted amongst ten healthy participants. Saliva samples were collected by different procedures (stimulated/unstimulated conditions, forepart/midstream segments) on three consecutive days. The peptidome compositions of saliva samples were analysed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). RESULTS The salivary peptidome exhibited a stable trend generally, even though some diurnal dynamics happened in aspects of both overall structure and certain single peptides. The results indicated saliva samples collected under unstimulated and stimulated conditions have significantly different structures of peptidome, whilst the peptidome profile of stimulated saliva was more abundant than that of unstimulated saliva. It was also indicated that the midstream segment effect might exist in the segmented process of saliva sampling. CONCLUSIONS In summary, salivary peptidome was able to maintain stability though some dynamic changes might happen within a short-term period. Stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples had significantly different peptidome profiles, whilst the stimulated whole saliva was a larger pool of low molecular weight peptides. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The stability of the salivary peptidome highlights the reliability of salivary peptidome as a source of diagnostic biomarker. We recommend keeping one collection condition (stimulated/unstimulated) consistently within one study on salivary peptidome. Stimulated whole saliva would be preferred if more abundant peptidome profile is needed.
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Allameh M, Orsat V. Herbal Anxiolytics: Sources and Their Preparation Methods. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2043895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Allameh
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - V. Orsat
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
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Takeuchi M, Matsunaga M, Egashira R, Miyake A, Yasuno F, Nakano M, Moriguchi M, Tonari S, Hotta S, Hayashi H, Saito H, Myowa M, Hagihara K. A multidimensional physical scale is a useful screening test for mild depression associated with childcare in Japanese child-rearing women. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:969833. [PMID: 36532195 PMCID: PMC9751884 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.969833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal depression is one of the important problems of postpartum women. For its early detection and appropriate treatment, it is necessary to identify women at high risk for depression quickly and easily. MATERIALS AND METHODS A simple screening scale for depression from physical aspects, the multidimensional physical scale (MDPS), which is a 17-item, self-report, three-step scale (0, 1, 2) according to the theory of Kampo medicine, was developed. The aim of the present study was to develop (n = 785) and validate (n = 350) the MDPS that was designed to rate the risk of depression. The Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition was used for determination of depression. In the development cohort, the final model was determined using multi-regression logistic analysis. RESULTS The components of the MDPS for mothers (MDPS-M) were developed, containing the total score of MDPS (0-34 points) and resumption of menstruation or not (-3, 0 points). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis of the MDPS-M (-3 to 34) for identifying a high risk of depression showed moderately good discrimination [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.70-0.78]. At the cutoff value of MDPS-M (9/10), its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 84.9, 45.7, 36.7, and 89.2%, respectively. External validation of the MDPS-M showed moderately good discrimination (AUC = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.68-0.79) using the same analysis as the development cohort. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the MDPS-M is a useful, simple, clinical scale for early identification of mothers at high risk of depression in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiko Matsunaga
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Egashira
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Miyake
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yasuno
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mai Nakano
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misaki Moriguchi
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Tonari
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sayaka Hotta
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruka Hayashi
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Saito
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masako Myowa
- Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hagihara
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Zhu C, Yuan C, Ren Q, Wei F, Yu S, Sun X, Zheng S. Comparative analysis of the effects of collection methods on salivary steroids. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:352. [PMID: 34271881 PMCID: PMC8285872 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid hormone test for saliva was a promising area of research, however the impact of different collection methods on salivary steroids was underexplored so far. This study was designed to compare the effects of different collection methods (unstimulated or stimulated by chewing paraffin, forepart or midstream) on salivary flow rate, concentrations and secretion rates of steroids in saliva. METHODS Whole-saliva samples were collected from 10 systemically and orally healthy participants, whose forepart and midstream segments of saliva were collected under unstimulated and stimulated conditions, with the salivary flow rate of each sample recorded. The concentrations and secretion rates of salivary steroids including testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and progesterone were measured by ELISA, with the multiple of change calculated. RESULTS The results indicated mechanical stimulation used in collection of saliva samples could affect concentrations and secretion rates of steroids, whereas forepart and midstream segments had little differences in levels of salivary steroids, which effects could be partly influenced by individual specificity. The asynchronism in change of secretion rate of steroids with that of salivary flow rate might play an important role during this course. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, we suggested to use the same collection method throughout one analytical study on salivary steroids or in longitudinal observations to ensure the comparability of the saliva samples collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Zhu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Dentistry, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qidi Ren
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangqiao Wei
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunlan Yu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Jeong SH, Jang JH, Lee GY, Yang SJ, Cho HY, Lee YB. In vivo and in vitro studies of Banhahoobak-tang tablets using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS with polarity switching. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 196:113931. [PMID: 33548876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Banhahoobak-tang is the most prescribed herbal drug in East Asia when individuals experience sudden symptoms such as sore throat or neurological symptoms. The low toxicity and high in-vivo safety of this herbal medicine has made it more attractive to patients, and it has recently been formulated as tablets. In addition, Banhahoobak-tang tablets are registered as health insurance drugs in South Korea, and clinical prescriptions and demand are increasing. However, there are very few clinical trial data as well as very little accurate content analysis and results for Banhahoobak-tang tablets. The purpose of this study was to perform in-vitro and in-vivo studies on Banhahoobak-tang tablets, including content analysis, pharmacokinetics in humans, and plasma protein binding. For this study, a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method with polarity switching was developed for simultaneous analysis of 18 components of Banhahoobak-tang. To separate the analytes, a C8 reverse-phase column was used as the stationary phase, 0.1 % aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase, and ionization and multiple reaction monitoring for quantification. The developed method was able to isolate and quantify the 18 components with good sensitivity and selectivity and was fully validated according to international analytical standards. Stability tests were also conducted on the analytes. Finally, the method was applied to in-vitro and in-vivo studies of Banhahoobak-tang tablets, and the tablet components were 52.49 ng/g to 91.00 μg/g on average. The detected components showed rapid oral absorption in humans as well as high plasma protein binding ratio overall. These results and methods can be useful not only for effectiveness and safety evaluation but also for quality control of Banhahoobak-tang tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Guk-Yeo Lee
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, 288 Udeuraendeu-gil, Anyang-myeon, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do 59338, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Yang
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Shin University, 185 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Young Cho
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Xu C, Yue R, Lv X, Wu T, Yang M, Chen Y. The efficacy and safety of Banxia-Houpo-Tang for chronic pharyngitis: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19922. [PMID: 32791655 PMCID: PMC7387004 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pharyngitis is a common disease with a dry throat, sore throat, pharyngeal itching, dry cough, and difficulty in swallowing, bringing inconvenience to patients' daily life. Banxia-Houpo-Tang (BHT) has proven to be effective in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis, yet its real extent is not well understood. To prove this point, we will perform a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of BHT for chronic pharyngitis. METHODS/DESIGN We will search for electronic databases both English and Chinese from inception to December 2019. Two experienced researchers select the qualified articles from: The Cochrane Library, EBM Reviews, OVID, Web of Science, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database (CAJD), China Biomedical Literature database (CBM), VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP). Journal Integration Platform and WAN FANG Database. We select the appropriate searching language. The primary outcome was remission rate, and the secondary outcomes include clinical symptoms, clinical examination, adverse event. Data extraction and quality assessment will be conducted by 2 experienced researchers independently. Data analysis and the risk of bias assessment will be determined by RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS Based on the current proofs, we will get the exact evidence about the safety and effectiveness of BHT in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis. CONCLUSION Our study is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BHT in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis, and it will provide evidence for alternative treatment for the management of chronic pharyngitis. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QNF6X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Rensong Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xuelian Lv
- Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xinjin, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Tingchao Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Maoyi Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yuan Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Zhu C, Yuan C, Wei FQ, Sun XY, Zheng SG. Intraindividual Variation and Personal Specificity of Salivary Microbiota. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1062-1071. [PMID: 32374655 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520917155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary microbiota is a typical habitat of the human microbiome. This study intended to use salivary microbiota as a model aiming to systematically address the influence of collection methods and temporal dynamics on the human microbiota compared to personal specificity. We carried out a supervised short-term longitudinal study to evaluate the influence of the change of collection methods and sampling time point on salivary microbiota in 10 systemically and orally healthy individuals with certain confounding factors (sex, oral and general health state, medication history, physical exercise, diet, and oral hygiene behavior) controlled before and during the sampling period. The microbial profiles were analyzed by 16S rDNA V3 to V4 hypervariable region amplicon sequencing. The taxonomic structure represented by the dominant species and the weighted UniFrac distance algorithm were used to demonstrate the individual specificity and the intraindividual variation introduced by the change of collection method and sampling time point. The findings suggested individual specificity existed in salivary microbiota from individuals with similar oral and general health status. The intraindividual variation brought by the change of collection method or sampling time point might introduce remarkable perturbation with the personal specificity. Insights into the intraindividual variation and personal specificity of salivary microbiota will enhance our understanding in salivary microbiota-related research. We recommend keeping collection conditions consistent within a study to avoid interference brought by the sampling. The strategy of repeated sampling at multiple time points as representative samples, as well as thorough interpretation of the complex relationships and causality between microbiome composition and disease without the interference of temporal dynamics, is optimal for research exploring the relationship between the salivary microbiome and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - C Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - F Q Wei
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - X Y Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - S G Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Kim YH, Kim JY, Jung SY, Kwon OJ, Lee JH, Son CG. Efficacy of Banha-sasim-tang on functional dyspepsia classified as excess pattern: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:525. [PMID: 29121988 PMCID: PMC5679389 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Functional dyspepsia (FD) refers to the presence of one or more gastrointestinal symptoms including postprandial fullness, epigastric pain, burning, and early satiety without an organic explanation for chronic symptoms. FD causes considerable discomfort in patients and affects their everyday activity and productivity. Because most conventional treatments have limited efficacy, numerous patients seek alternatives such as herbal medicines. In this proposed study, we will conduct a clinical trial of an herbal drug, Banha-sasim-tang (BST). Furthermore, participants will be limited to those classified as having an excess pattern by using an instrument of pattern identification for FD to determine the efficacy of BST in a specific subset of patients. Methods This randomized, blinded, parallel-group clinical trial of BST versus placebo will consist of 4 weeks of oral administration of BST or placebo and a 4-week follow-up period. The Korean version of the symptom-based questionnaire of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI-K) will be used as the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures will include the quality-of-life (QoL) evaluation from the NDI-K, the FD-related QoL (FD-QoL) scale, assessment of gastric myoelectrical dysrhythmias (GMA), and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) analysis. Discussion The results of this trial are expected to provide relevant evidence demonstrating that BST can be used as an effective treatment in a specific subset of FD subjects. Trial registration KCT 0002013. Registered at Clinical Research Information Service in the Republic of Korea on 18 August 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2282-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hee Kim
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Jun Young Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 34929, South Korea
| | - So Young Jung
- Korean Medicine Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - O-Jin Kwon
- Korean Medicine Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Lee
- Korean Medicine Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 34929, South Korea.
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Liu LY, Feng B, Chen J, Tan QR, Chen ZX, Chen WS, Wang PR, Zhang ZJ. Herbal medicine for hospitalized patients with severe depressive episode: a retrospective controlled study. J Affect Disord 2015; 170:71-7. [PMID: 25233242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicine is increasingly used in depressed patients. The purpose of this retrospective controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine treatment of severe depressive episode. A total of 146 severely depressed subjects were selected from patients who were admitted to the Department of Psychosomatics of Tongde Hospital at Hangzhou, China between 1st September 2009 and 30th November 2013. While all were medicated with psychotropic drugs, 78 received additional individualized herbal medicine. The severity of depressive symptoms was measured using 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-24) at admission and thereafter once weekly during hospital stay. The proportion of patients achieving clinical response and remission and incidence of adverse events were compared. The two groups had similar average length of hospital stay for approximately 28 days and were not different in the use of psychotropic medications. Survival analysis revealed that patients with herbal medicine had significantly higher chance of achieving clinical response [relative risk (RR)=2.179, P<0.001] and remission (RR=5.866, P<0.001) compared to those without herbal medicine. Patients with herbal medicine experienced remarkably fewer incidences of physical tiredness, headache, palpitation, dry mouth and constipation, but had a significantly higher incidence of digestive discomfort compared to patients without herbal medicine. These results indicate that additional treatment with individualized herbal medicine enhances antidepressant response and reduces certain side effects associated with psychotropic medications. Herbal medicine is an effective and relatively safe therapy for severe depressive episode (Trial Registration: ChiCTR-OCH-13003864).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Ying Liu
- Department of Psychosomatics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Psychosomatics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiong Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi׳an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng-Xin Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Song Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei-Rong Wang
- Department of Psychosomatics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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A review on bioactivities of perilla: progress in research on the functions of perilla as medicine and food. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:925342. [PMID: 24319488 PMCID: PMC3844277 DOI: 10.1155/2013/925342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Perilla is a useful pharmaceutical and food product and is empirically consumed by humans. However, its properties have not been evaluated extensively. In this review, we summarize the progress made in research, focusing on the bioactivities of perilla. There are many in vitro and animal studies on the cytostatic activity and antiallergic effects, respectively, of perilla and its constituents. However, its influence on humans remains unclear. Hence, investigating and clarifying the physiological effects of perilla and its constituents on humans are imperative in the future to adhere to the ideals of evidence-based medicine.
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Ventre G, Colonna C, Smith J, Alfano D, Moldow R. Salivary VIP concentrations are elevated in humans after acute stress. Peptides 2013; 49:27-31. [PMID: 23994551 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Salivary (s)-cortisol, s-amylase, s-DHEA are used extensively in stress research. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is also detectable in saliva using a standard RIA kit. VIP is a 28 amino acid neuropeptide that belongs to the secretin/glucagon family of peptides and acts as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator. VIP has also been detected in the parasympathetic nerves enervating the salivary glands. Here we measured the level of s-cortisol, s-DHEA, s-amylase and s-VIP in three different stress exercises of different duration and intensity. The results indicate that a brief intense exercise lasting minutes elicited a stress response with significant increases in s-cortisol, s-DHEA, s-amylase and s-VIP. A less rigorous exercise did not elicit a stress response with no significant increases in s-cortisol, s-DHEA, s-amylase and s-VIP. A longer intense exercise lasting hours elicited a stress response with significant increases only in s-cortisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ventre
- Department of Biology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA
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Significant increase in salivary substance p level after a single oral dose of cevimeline in humans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDES 2013; 2013:284765. [PMID: 23589717 PMCID: PMC3621173 DOI: 10.1155/2013/284765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cevimeline is a novel muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist currently being developed as a therapeutic agent for xerostomia. We examined the effects of cevimeline on salivary and plasma levels of substance-P- (SP-), calcitonin-gene-related-peptide- (CGRP-), and vasoactive-intestinal-polypeptide- (VIP-) like immunoreactive substances (ISs) in humans. An open-labeled crossover study was conducted on seven healthy volunteers. Saliva volume was measured, and saliva and venous blood samples were collected before and 30–240 min after a single oral dose of cevimeline or placebo. Salivary and plasma levels of SP-, CGRP-, and VIP-IS were measured using a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay. A single oral dose of cevimeline resulted in significant increases in salivary but not plasma SP-IS level compared to placebo. Cevimeline administration did not alter the salivary or plasma levels of CGRP-IS or VIP-IS compared to placebo. Significant increases in salivary volume were observed after cevimeline administration compared to placebo. A significant correlation was observed between the total release of SP-IS and that of salivary volume. These findings suggest an association of SP with the enhancement of salivary secretion by cevimeline.
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Sato Y, Itoh H, Suzuki Y, Tatsuta R, Takeyama M. Effect of pilocarpine on substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide releases correlate with salivary secretion in human saliva and plasma. J Clin Pharm Ther 2012; 38:19-23. [PMID: 23030252 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Pilocarpine, a muscarinic receptor agonist, has been used for the treatment of dry mouth. Salivary glands are supplied with nerve fibres that contain neuropeptides, such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), which are important modulators of salivation. It is known that measurement of salivary and plasma levels of neuropeptides is useful for assessing the dose-pharmacological effect relationship of drugs. The relationship between the action of pilocarpine and neuropeptides in humans has not been studied. Moreover, studies evaluate the usefulness of drug salivary levels in the pharmacological evaluation of drugs are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of pilocarpine on the levels of substance P-, CGRP- and VIP-like immunoreactive substances (IS) in saliva and plasma taken in healthy humans. METHODS Five healthy male subjects participated in this study. Pilocarpine tablet (10 mg) or placebo tablet was orally administered with 100 mL of water. Each subject was administered placebo and drug with an interval of 4 weeks in between. Saliva was sampled before and at 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min after administration of the test substances. Venous blood samples (10 mL) were also taken from a forearm vein at each time interval. The samples were then enzyme immunoassayed using a highly sensitive system for substance P-, CGRP- and VIP-IS. The amount of saliva was measured by the Saxon test. RESULTS A single oral administration of pilocarpine increased the release of salivary substance P-IS (the area under the concentration-time curve: AUC(0→240 min)) compared with the placebo. Pilocarpine also significantly increased the release of salivary CGRP-IS (AUC(0→240 min)). Pilocarpine significantly increased the release of plasma CGRP-IS. The salivary volume correlated with the salivary level of substance P and CGRP-IS (r = 0·84, P < 0·05 and r = 0·59, P < 0·05, respectively). AUC(0→240 min) for substance P-IS in saliva correlated with that for plasma (r = 0·78, P < 0·05). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Pilocarpine increases the release of salivary substance P and CGRP-IS. This suggests that one mechanism by which pilocarpine improves dry mouth is by local stimulation of neuropeptidergic nerves. Moreover, saliva levels of substance P showed good correlation with the plasma levels. The substance P levels in saliva and plasma may be good indicators of the effects of drugs used in dry mouth/xerostomic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sato
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan.
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Moncayo R. Reflections on the theory of "silver bullet" octreotide tracers: implications for ligand-receptor interactions in the age of peptides, heterodimers, receptor mosaics, truncated receptors, and multifractal analysis. EJNMMI Res 2011; 1:9. [PMID: 22214590 PMCID: PMC3251005 DOI: 10.1186/2191-219x-1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical attitude of Nuclear Medicine practitioners on matters of peptide-receptor interactions has maintained an intrinsic monogamic character since many years. New advances in the field of biochemistry and even in clinical Nuclear Medicine have challenged this type of thinking, which prompted me to work on this review. The central issue of this paper will be the use of somatostatin analogs, i.e., octreotide, in clinical imaging procedures as well as in relation to neuroendocirne tumors. Newly described characteristics of G-protein coupled receptors such as the formation of receptor mosaics will be discussed. A small section will enumerate the regulatory processes found in the cell membrane. Possible new interpretations, other than tumor detection, based on imaging procedures with somatostatin analogs will be presented. The readers will be taken to situations such as inflammation, nociception, mechanosensing, chemosensing, fibrosis, taste, and vascularity where somatostatin is involved. Thyroid-associated orbitopathy will be used as a model for the development of multi-agent therapeutics. The final graphical summary depicts the multifactorial properties of ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Moncayo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Igarashi A, Katsura K, Ito K, Funayama S. Current Status of Salivary Gland Diseases: Sjögren’s Syndrome and Dry Mouth. J Oral Biosci 2011. [DOI: 10.2330/joralbiosci.53.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Igarashi A, Katsura K, Ito K, Funayama S. Current Status of Salivary Gland Diseases: Sjögren's Syndrome and Dry Mouth. J Oral Biosci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1349-0079(11)80033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Katoh M, Yoshioka Y, Nakagawa N, Yokoi T. Effects of Japanese Herbal Medicine, Kampo, on Human UGT1A1 Activity. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2009; 24:226-34. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.24.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Katagiri F, Itoh H, Takeyama M. Effect of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to on Gastrointestinal Peptide Concentrations in the Plasma of Healthy Human Subjects. Biol Pharm Bull 2004; 27:1674-8. [PMID: 15467218 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sho-hange-ka-bukuryou-to, a traditional Chinese herbal (Kampo) medicine, has been used to treat hyperemesis of pregnancy, nausea and vomiting. Most traditional herbal medicines are prepared from several herbs. For example, Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to is prepared from three herbs: Pinelliae Tuber, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Hoelen. Thus, to determine the precise mechanism of the pharmacological effects of Chinese herbal medicines is too difficult. So we have elucidated the effect of some Chinese herbal medicines by examining the change of the plasma levels of brain-gut peptides. In this study, we investigated the effects of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to on the plasma levels of gut-regulated peptides (gastrin, somatostatin, motilin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)) and gastrointestinal mucosa regulatory neuropeptides (calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P) in healthy human subjects. A single oral administration of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to caused significant increases in plasma somatostatin-, CGRP- and substance P-immunoreactive substance (IS) levels, compared with a placebo group. Transient elevation of gastrin-IS levels in the placebo group was inhibited by the administration of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to, but the medicine showed no effects on plasma motilin- or VIP-IS levels. In conclusion, these results might indicate that the pharmacological action of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to is closely related to changes in gastrin-, somatostatin-, CGRP- and substance P-IS levels in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Katagiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Hasama-machi, Japan.
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